高中英语北师大版Uint1Lifestyles unit1periodfour

PeriodFourLesson4CityandCountryⅠ.重点单词1．accountantn．会计，会计师2．tuben．(英)地铁3．crowdedadj.拥挤的crowdn．人群，一伙人4．nearbyadj.附近的；adv.在附近nearadj.近的；接近的5．otherwiseadv.否则；另外6．forecastn．预报；预测7．lungn．肺8．sicknessn．疾病sickadj.有病的；恶心的9．distancen．距离10．cigarn．雪茄烟Ⅱ.重点短语1．farawayfrom远离2．begoodfor对……有好处3．inthenorthof在……北部4．distancelearning远程学习5．twiceayear每年两次6．befondof喜爱Ⅲ.重点句式1．what引导表语从句That’swhatpeoplecalltheundergroundinLondon.那就是人们通常所称的伦敦地铁。2．so...that...Usually，it’ssocrowdedthatIcan’tfindanywheretosit.通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。3．where引导状语从句Weliketovisitnice，quietplacesfarawayfromthecityandgowalkingwheretherearenoshops，crowdsorthetube.我们喜欢去那些风光秀丽、幽静而又远离城市的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方散步。4．thesame...that...Wedon’thavethesameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.我们的工作时间和城市里在办公室工作的人们不同。Ⅰ.课文判断正(T)误(F)1．Debbieusuallygetsupat8：10a．themorning.(F)2．DebbiegetsupearlierthanPauleverymorning.(F)3．DebbieworksinthecentreofLondonwhilePaulworksinthenorthofEngland.(T)4．DebbieandPaularebothmoviefanatics(狂热者)andbothseemoviesalot.(F)5．PaulandhiswifelikeallthecrowdsandthenoiseinLondon.(F)Ⅱ.课文阅读理解1．Fromthefirstparagraphsofthetwotexts，wecanknowthat.A．DebbiehastogetupveryearlybutPauldoesn’thavetoB．DebbieisrathertiredoftheundergroundC．DebbiegoestoworkbycareverydayD．Paulhastotravelfarawaytoworkeveryday答案B2．WhydoesDebbiegotothegym?A．Becauseshehasalotoffreetime.B．Becausesheislackinginexercise.C．Becauseshewantstokeepagoodfigure.D．Becauseshehasnoplacetogowalking.答案B3．WhydoesPaulgetupsoearlyinthemorning?A．Becausehehastotakethetubetowork.B．Becausetherearemanythingstodoonthefarmallday.C．Becauseheisalwaysdisturbedbytheanimalshefeeds.D．Becausehehastogotothecitytobuysomethingearly.答案B4．PaulstudiesChinese.A．intheschoolB．togetherwithhischildrenC．byhimselfD．bydistancelearning答案D5．BothDebbieandPaul.A．seefilms B．lovegoingshoppingC．eatlunchoutside D．studyFrench答案A重点词汇1．Usually，it’ssocrowdedthatIcan’tfindanywheretosit.通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。[归纳拓展](1)crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满的；装满的becrowdedwith...挤满，拥塞……(2)crowdn．人群，群众；v.挤满，塞满thecrowd群众，民众acrowdof/crowdsof一大群，很多[语境助记](1)Wehaveaverycrowdedschedule.我们的日程排得满满的。(2)Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.(2023·全国Ⅰ)在吃饭时间那儿总是挤满了顾客。(3)Thecrowdcheeredthefamoussportsstar.人们向那个著名的体育明星欢呼。[题组训练]用crowd的正确形式填空(1)Inthespringtheplacewascrowdedwithskiers.(2)Hepreferstobeoneofthecrowd.(3)Crowdsofpeoplepouredintothestreet.(4)Wehaveaverycrowdedtimearrangement.2．IoftengetasandwichinanearbysandwichshoporIjusthavesomebiscuitsandacupofcoffee.我常在附近的三明治店买个三明治，或只吃些饼干，喝杯咖啡。[归纳拓展]nearbyadj.附近的；adv.在附近[易混辨析]near，nearby(1)nearadj.附近的，不久远的。既可指空间，也可指时间，还可指亲情关系，并且有比较级(nearer)和最高级(nearest)；在句中可作表语或定语(仅前置)。(2)nearbyadj.附近的，邻近的。仅指空间，无比较等级；在句中仅作定语(可前置亦可后置)。[语境助记](1)Thatweekend，wewenttoanearbyneighborhoodandgavethemawaytothepeoplethere.(2023·北京)那个周末我去了附近的一个街区，并把那些东西分发给了那儿的人们。(2)Afootballmatchisbeingplayednearby.一场足球赛正在附近举行。(3)Threedayslater，ahurricanehitthecoastnearCornwall.(2023·陕西)三天之后，一场飓风袭击了康沃尔附近的海岸。[题组训练]用near，nearby填空(1)Hermotherlivesinatownnearby.(2)Hishouseisveryneartoourschool.(3)Ifoundhiminanearbypub.(4)It’sdangeroustobesoneartothetiger.3．IneedtodothatbecauseIdon’tgetenoughexerciseotherwise.我需要那样做，否则我就得不到足够的运动。[归纳拓展](1)otherwiseadv.否则；用别的方法；不同地；在其他方面；另外；conj.否则；要不然；adj.不同的；另外的(2)otherwise用于虚拟语气句中，实际上起着虚拟条件从句的作用，我们称之为“含蓄条件句”。(3)orotherwise或其他情况；或相反[语境助记](1)Closethefarmgatesbehindyou，otherwisetheanimalswillescape.请随手关上你身后的农场大门，否则动物就会跑掉的。(2)Therentishigh，butotherwisethehouseissatisfactory.房租是很贵，可这房子在其他方面倒令人满意。(3)Wewillgettheresomehow，byboatorotherwise.我们总要设法去那里的，乘船也好，用其他办法也好。[题组训练]写出下列句子中otherwise的汉语意思(1)Seizethechance，otherwiseyouwillregretit.要不然(2)Hewasslightlybruised(使挫伤)butotherwiseunhurt.除此之外(3)Heisrich，butotherwiseanunhappyman.在其他方面4．Sometimes，iftheweatherforecastisgood，myfriendsandIdrivetothecountrysideforaweekendbreak.有时，如果预报说天气好，我和朋友们周末会开车去乡村度假。[归纳拓展]forecastn．&vt.预测；预报makeforecastsabout...作关于……的预测forecast＋that从句预测……[语境助记](1)Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbecloudywithaslightchanceofrainlatertonight.(2023·天津)天气预报说多云，今天夜间下雨的可能性不大。(2)It’ssaidthathemadeaccurateforecastsabouttheprices.据说他对价格作了精准的预测。(3)Theexpertsforecastthattheeconomyofthiscountrywillgrowby10%thisyear.专家预测该国今年的经济将增长10%。[题组训练]用forecast的正确形式填空(1)Scientistsaretryingtofindgoodwaystoforecasttheearthquake.(2)Forecastingfloodsisnotanexactscience.(3)Nowadaysaweatherforecastbringslotsofconveniencetoourlife.(4)Astormhasbeenforecast/forecastedfortomorrowafternoon.5．Ihavetomakesuretheyarefreeofsickness.我必须确保它们远离疾病。[归纳拓展1]makesure确保；保证；弄明白。后面常接ofsth.或that引导的宾语从句，that可省略。forsure/certain肯定地besuretodosth.一定要做某事，务必……besureof/about...对……有把握[语境助记1](1)Thenmakesurethepeopleyousurroundyourselfwitharesupportive.(2023·福建)然后确保你周围的人是支持你的。(2)Hesaidhehaddoneit，butwecouldn’tmakesureofit.他说他已经做了，可我们没人能确定。(3)Heissureoflivingtoninety.他自信可以活到九十岁。[题组训练1](1)单句语法填空①Youmustmakesureofthetimeandplace.②Heissuretocome(come)nextweek.(2)句型转换Nobodyknowsforsurewhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.Nobodyknowsforcertainwhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.[归纳拓展2]befreeof没有；免受freeofcharge免费forfree免费地；无偿地set...free释放……[语境助记2](1)Inherwork，thewriterisfreeoflaws.在她的作品里，作者是不受法律约束的。(2)Igotthisticketforfree.我这张票没花钱。(3)Allthewarprisonershavebeensetfree.所有的战俘都被释放了。[题组训练2]完成句子(1)过了几星期他的疼痛才完全消除。Itwasseveralweeksbeforehewascompletelyfreeofpain.(2)我们可以免费送货上门。Wecandelivergoodstoyourdoorfreeofcharge.(3)研究人员把所有的鸟都放了。Theresearcherssetallthebirdsfree.6．RightnowIamstudyingChinesebydistancelearning.现在我正通过远程教育学习汉语。[归纳拓展](1)distancen．距离，间距from/atadistance由远处，从远方inthedistance在远处atadistanceof...在……远的地方(2)distantadj.遥远的，疏远的[图解助记][语境助记](1)WhatisthedistancefromBeijingtoNanjing?从北京到南京的距离是多少？(2)Fartherinthedistance，Icouldenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.(2023·浙江)在稍远处，我能够欣赏雪山的美景。(3)Wekeptheratarespectfuldistance.我们对她敬而远之。[题组训练]单句语法填空(1)Fromthetopofthehillwecouldseethehousesinthedistance.(2)Thecoldsmileonherfacejustkeptusatadistance.(3)Thepyramidsarevisibleatadistanceofseveralkilometers.(4)Thepicturelooksbeautifulat/fromadistance.(5)Sheisjustadistant(distance)memoryformenow.经典句式1．That’swhatpeoplecalltheundergroundinLondon.那就是人们通常所称的伦敦地铁。[归纳拓展]句中what引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语。what可以引导名词性从句，且在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。[语境助记](1)ThisiswhatI’minterestedin.这就是我所感兴趣的。(2)Whatyousaidistrue.你说的话是真实的。(3)Theywaitedtoseewhattherestoftheclasswoulddo.(2023·全国Ⅱ)他们等着看班里其他的同学将做什么。[易混辨析]that，what在英语中，that与what都可引导名词性从句，两者的区别是：(1)在引导名词性从句时，that不在从句中作成分，也无具体意思，只起连接作用。(2)what在所引导的名词性从句中作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语，并保持原疑问词的意义或表示“……的事情(东西等)”。[题组训练]用that，what填空(1)Thatweneedmoreequipmentisveryclear.(2)Whatheneedsisacooldrink.(3)Idon’tthinkwhathesaidisrelevanttothetopicwearediscussing.(2023·湖北)(4)Thenewscamethatoursportsmeetinghadbeenputoff.2．Usually，it’ssocrowdedthatIcan’tfindanywheretosit.通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。[归纳拓展]so...that...如此……以至于……，此处引导结果状语从句。so/such...that...引导结果状语从句可以构成如下结构：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋形容词/副词＋that...,so＋形容词＋an＋单数名词＋that...,so＋many/much/few/little少的＋名词＋that...))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(such＋an＋形容词＋单数名词＋that...,such＋形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词＋that...))[语境助记](1)Therewassomuchworktodothateverybodygotbored.有这么多的事要做以至于人人都感到烦了。(2)Therewassolittletimeleftthatwecouldhardlyfinishthework.剩下的时间太少了，我们很难完成这项工作。(3)Theyaresuchgoodchildrenthatwealllovethem.这些孩子如此好，我们都很喜欢他们。[题组训练](1)用so...that，such...that填空①Hewassoangrythathetoretheletterintopieces.②Hewasreadingsocarefullythathedidn’tseemecomein.③Itwassodifficultaquestionthatnoneofusworkeditout.④TheyaresuchsmallshoesthatIcan’twearthem.(2)句型转换Heissuchacleverboythatalltheteacherslikehim.Heissocleveraboythatalltheteacherslikehim.3．Weliketovisitnice，quietplacesfarawayfromthecityandgowalkingwheretherearenoshops，crowdsorthetube.我们喜欢去那些风光秀丽、幽静而又远离城市的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方散步。[归纳拓展]本句是一个主从复合句，where为连词，引导地点状语从句，从句中使用了therebe句型。[语境助记](1)SitwhereIcanseeyou.坐在我能看到你的地方。(2)Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。[题组训练]完成句子(1)Shewasstandingexactlywhereyouarestanding(你现在所站的地方)．(2)Staywhereyouare(在原地)．(3)Ilivewherethereisaschool(有一所学校的地方)．4．Wedon’thavethesameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.我们的工作时间和城市里在办公室工作的人们不同。[归纳拓展]thesame...that...表示“同一个，就是那一个”；thesame...as...表示“与……同样的(但不是同一个)”。thesame后面可以接定语从句，如果后面的定语从句是省略的情况，则用as来引导；如果是完整的定语从句，须根据不同的先行词来确定用that，when，where，who等。[语境助记](1)ThisisthesamepenthatIlostyesterday.这正是我昨天丢的那支钢笔。(同一支钢笔)(2)ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.这支钢笔像我昨天丢的那支。(不一定是同一支钢笔)(3)Hewasborninthesamehospitalwheremybrotherwasborn.他和我弟弟在同一家医院出生。[题组训练]选词填空eq\x(as，that，when，who)(1)TodayIusethesamebookthat/aswasusedyesterday.(2)Ivisitedtheirvillageinthesameyearwhentheyvisitedours.(3)HeboughtthesamebookasIhad.(4)Theyoungteacheristhesamemanwhovisitedourschoollastyear.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Myaccountantworksonmytaxeseveryyear.2．Theteacherforecast(预测)that15ofhispupilswouldpasstheexamination.3．Hetoldmetotakehimtoashopinanearby(附近的)street.4．Thedistancefromtheschooltothestationistwomiles.5．Whenwebreathe，theairgoesintoourlungs(肺)．6．Atnoon，thestationisusuallycrowdedwithpassengers.7．Youmustworkhard，otherwiseyouwillfallbehindothers.8．Sheisabsentbecauseofsickness(疾病)．Ⅱ.选词填空eq\x(farawayfrom，inthenorthof，begoodfor，befondof，makesure)9．Heisfondofwatchingcartoons.10．Theyliveinaremotevillagefarawayfrombigcities.11．ScotlandisinthenorthofGreatBritain.12．Smokingisnotgoodforyourlungs.13．Makesurethatthewindowsareshut.Ⅲ.完成句子14．TheTVplayissointerestingthat(如此有趣以至于)Ihavewatcheditseveraltimes.15．Thatiswhatheisworriedabout(他所担心的)．16．Icandistinguishthemfrom/atadistance(从远处)．17．ThisisthesamebagthatIlost(我丢失的那个书包)yesterday.18．Wehaven’tfoundhimwhereheoftengoes(他常去的地方)forlunch.Ⅳ.课文短文改错AsanaccountantinalargecompanyinthecentreofLondon，Ineedtobeinmyofficebynineo’clockbecauseIusuallygetupatseveno’traveltoworkby“thetube”．That’sthatpeoplecalltheundergroundintookaboutfifty，it’ssocrowdedthatIcan’tfindsomewheretositdon’tliketheunderground！Ispendallmorningcheckingisalwaysoftengetasandwichinnearbysandwichintheafternoon，IreturntothepaperworkintheWednesdaynights，IgototheneedtodothatbecauseIdon’tgetenoughTuesdayandThursdaynights，IhaveFrenchworkforaFrenchIthinkstudyFrenchwillhelpmeinmyjob.答案AsanaccountantinalargecompanyinthecentreofLondon，Ineedtobeinmyofficebynineo’clockeq\f(because,so)Iusuallygetupatseveno’traveltoworkeq\f(by,on)“thetube”．That’seq\f(that,what)peoplecalltheundergroundineq\f(took,takes)aboutfifty，it’ssocrowdedthatIcan’tfindeq\f(somewhere,anywhere)tositin\.Idon’tliketheunderground！Ispendallmorningcheckingisalwayseq\f(simply,simple).Ioftengetasandwichineq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))nearbysandwichintheafternoon，IreturntothepaperworkintheWednesdaynights，IgototheneedtodothatbecauseIdon’tgetenougheq\f(exercises,exercise).OnTuesdayandThursdaynights，IhaveFrenchworkforaFrenchIthinkeq\f(study,studying)Frenchwillhelpmeinmyjob.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Sheisadistant(distance)cousinofmine.2．Ichancedtomeet(meet)anoldfriendintheparktoday.3．MrsSmithisafamousaccountant(account)inabigcompany.4．—We’veonlygotthissmallthatdo?—No，whatIamlookingforissomethingmuchbiggerandstronger.5．You’realwayssureof/aboutawarmwelcomethere.6．Hismindwascrowded(crowd)withwhys.7．LastweekJohndiedofaserioussickness(sick)．8．TheGreatWallissuchawell­knowntouristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.9．Helivedinaquietplacefreeofnoise.10．Thesenaturalparksareveryimportantforpreservingmanyanimals，whichwouldotherwiseruntheriskofbecomingextinct.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Theboyputtheinkbackeq\f(what,where)itcamefrom.12．Thatiseq\f(how,what)Ihavebeenthinkingofdoing.13．Themovieiseq\f(such,so)interestingthatshewantstoseeitagain.14．Makesureeq\f(whether,that)thedoorisclosed.15．Yourpenlooksthesameeq\f(with,as)mine.Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2023·安徽蚌埠二中高一上期中)WhenmystudentsaskmewhyIliveinatinyhouse，theyaskitinlightofallthe“sacrifices(牺牲)”IamknowthatIhavemovedfromalargeapartmentinthecitytoasmallcustom­builthomeonwheelsinthebackyardknowIforegorunningwater，Internetconnection，sewage(下水道)，andreliablephonereception.However，itwaspossibleformetobetrulyhappywhilelivingwithveryfewmaterialbodyrespondedwell，inhealth，fitnessandmood，toaschedulemoreconsistent(一致的)withthenaturaldayandnightthedailysunset，hostingfriendsfordaysatatime，reading，writingletterstomyfamiliesandfriendsandexploringnaturalwondersinmysparetimeallwerefreeandinvaluableexperiences.Whatwasnecessarytomysurvivalprovedtobearathershortlist—healthyfood，cleananddrinkablewater，heatsource，weather­protectingshelter，weather­suitableclothing，equallyimportantfriendsandmentalandphysicalstimulations(刺激)．WhenIreturnedtolifeintheUS，Icouldn’thelpbutsenseadeepanduneasybeliefthatlifesuddenlyfeltdisconnectedwithmanythings—theearth，others，myfoodsource，mywastedisposal，thenaturalcycleofmybodyandtheproductivearethethingsIoncecaredforbutnowfindmyselftoobusytowasitthatIwasearningliterally40timesmyPeaceCorpssalaryandwaslesshealthy，satisfiedandintentionalinmydailyschedule？Ifoundmyselfasking—whatisittoberichanyway？Therefore，lastAugustIletgoofmostofmypossessionsandmovedintoatinyhouseonwheelsbecauseIwantedtoseeifIcouldliveamoreenjoyablefarsoinconveniencehasmadeupforthemanypositivebenefitsthatcontinuetocomefromthischangeinbelievethatIhavemadetherightdecision.语篇解读作者不愿生活在大城市，宁愿贴近大自然生活，简单、健康、快乐，且更适合她自己。16．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“forego”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A．Giveup. B．Takealong.C．Carefor. D．Goafter.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据前文的描述，作者以前生活在城市的大房子里，现在生活在树林里一个移动的自主建造的小房子里，没有自来水，因特网，手机等这些现代化的东西，故此处为“放弃”的意思，因此答案为A。17．Whatinterestedtheauthormostwhenlivinginthetinyhouse?A．Thenaturallivingschedule.B．Busyandinvaluableexperiences.C．Thehappinessofthesimplelife.D．Theveryfewmaterialpossessions.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段首句“However，itwaspossibleformetobetrulyhappywhilelivingwithveryfewmaterialthings.”可知，最吸引作者的还是简单的生活带来的快乐，故答案为C。18．WhatdidtheauthorfeelwhenshereturnedtotheUS?A．Shewasbehindthetimes.B．Shewouldn’tenjoythemodernlife.C．Shewasrichenoughtoenjoythecitylife.D．Shewasdisconnectedwiththeoutsideworld.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“WhenIreturnedtolifeintheUS，Icouldn’thelpbutsenseadeepanduneasybeliefthatlifesuddenlychanged.”“ThesearethethingsIoncecaredforbutnowfindmyselftoobusytoenjoy.”可知，她无法离开大自然的生活，享受不了现代化的生活模式，故答案为B。B(2023·广西陆川中学高一上月考)Peoplelivinginthecountryenjoyseveraladvantagesthatpeoplelivinginthecitycannotareinclosecontactwithmakefriendswithtreesandcanownbreathefreshfightwithstronglistentothesongsofbirds.Thiscontactwithnatureisgoodforaremanydiseasesthatarecommoninthecitybutarenottobefoundintheexample，near­sightednessisalmostunknowntocountrypeople.Becauseoftheabsenceofcars，onecanwalkmorefreelyinthecountrythaninthearenorulesoftheroad，nortrafficsignstoobey.Peoplelivinginthecountrycaneasilygetfreshvegetables，freshfruitandfreshtheygetthematlowerpricesthaninthecity.Countrylifeiseconomicalinotherways，arepracticallynotemptations(诱惑)towastemoney.Countrypeoplearemostlysaywhattheymean，andmakeandkeeppromiseswithsincerity(诚意)．Theydonotputondonotpretendtohavethoseridiculous(荒谬的)mannerswhicharenecessaryinwhatwecallpolitesociety.语篇解读文章讲述了在乡村居住的好处。和城市相比，乡村车辆少、污染少、空气清新、蔬菜水果等新鲜又便宜。此外，而且农村的人们淳朴善良，不装模作样。19．Wha