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BeowulfIntroducingtheEpicLiteraryFocus:TheEpicHeroThePoetryofBeowulf:Caesuras,Alliteration,andKenningsFeatureMenuBeowulfthefirstgreatworkofEnglishnationalliterature.theepicstoryoftheheroBeowulf,whofightsthedemonicmonsterGrendel.
BeowulfisBeowulf
IntroducingtheEpicBeowulf
IntroducingtheEpicBeowulf:nephewofHiglac,kingoftheGeats.Hrothgar:kingoftheDanes.Wiglaf:aGeatwarrior,oneofBeowulf’sselectbandandtheonlyonetohelphiminhisfinalfightwiththedragon.PeopleBeowulf
IntroducingtheEpicGrendel:man-eatingmonsterwholivesatthebottomofafoulmere,ormountainlake.MonstersGrendel’smother:water-witchwhoseeksrevenge.Dragon:giantfire-breathingserpentwhomBeowulffightsinPartTwooftheepic.BeowulftakesplaceinScandinavia.PlacesScholarsthinkHerotmighthavebeenbuiltonthecoastofZealand,inDenmark.ScandinaviaBritainBeowulf
IntroducingtheEpicPlacesHerot:thegoldenguesthallbuiltbyKingHrothgarwherewarriorsgatheredtocelebrate.[EndofSection]Beowulf
IntroducingtheEpicTheepicheroisthecentralfigureinalongnarrativethatreflectsthevaluesandheroicidealsofaparticularsociety.Anepicisaqueststoryonagrandscale.Beowulf
LiteraryFocus:TheEpicHeroBeowulf
LiteraryFocus:TheEpicHeroBeowulfisoneofancientEngland’sheroes.KingArthurJoanofArcOthertimesandothercultureshavehadotherheroes.InmodernAmerica,theheromaybearealpersonorafictionalcharacter.
Beowulf
LiteraryFocus:TheEpicHero[EndofSection]BeowulfwascomposedinOldEnglish,whichusesacaesura,
orrhythmicpause,tocreateunity.ðacomofmore
undermisthleoþum
Grendelgongan,
godesyrrebær;
myntesemanscaða
mannacynnes
sumnebesyrwan
inseleþamhean.Linedividedintotwopartsbyacaesura.Locatethecaesuraintheselines:
Beowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfHerearethesamelinesinmodernEnglishfrom
BurtonRaffel’stranslation:
Outfromthemarsh,fromthefootofmistyHillsandbogs,bearingGod’shatred,Grendelcame,hopingtokillAnyonehecouldtraponthistriptohighHerot.Punctuationreproducespauseeffectofthecaesura.Beowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfTheAnglo-Saxonoralpoetalsousedthepoeticdeviceofalliteration.Grendel
gongan,
godesyrrebær;
mynte
se
manscaða
manna
cynnes
Beowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfAlliteration:therepetitionofconsonantsoundsinwordsclosetogether.Theemphasisonthew
soundinthislinefromShakespeare’sSonnet30createsamelancholytone.And
with
old
woes
newwailmydear
time’s
waste.Beowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfFindexamplesofalliterationinBurtonRaffel’stranslationoflines1-5:
Outfromthemarsh,fromthefootofmistyHillsandbogs,bearingGod’shatred,Grendelcame,hopingtokillAnyonehecouldtraponthistriptohigh Herot.Beowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfFindexamplesofalliterationinBurtonRaffel’stranslationoflines1-5:
Outfrom
the
marsh,
from
the
foot
of
mistyHills
and
bogs,
bearing
God’s
hatred,Grendelcame,hopingtokillAnyonehecouldtraponthistriptohighHerot.Beowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfThekenning
isanotherpoeticdevicethatwasusedbytheoralpoet.ExamplesofkenningsfromBeowulf:gold-shining
hall=Herotguardianofcrime
=Grendelstrong-heartedwakefulsleeper
=Beowulfcave-guard
and
sky-bornefoe
=dragonBeowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfswan-road,whale-path都是sea的意思,都是kenningmetonymy转喻,借代如drinkthewarmsouth是喝酒的意思,英国南方气候湿润,盛产葡萄,所以warmsouth代指酒,酒的特点和南方的特点之间的联系体会一下再一个,lobsters代指美国士兵,因为美国士兵的脸是红色的Kenning:ametaphoricalphraseorcompoundwordusedtonameaperson,place,thing,oreventindirectly.Akenningenhancestheliteralmeaningofthewords.Akenninggivesthelisteneranideaofhowthewordsconnecttoanideaorconceptthatisricherandmoreemotionallycomplex.Beowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfCreatemodern-daykenningsforthingsyouseearoundyou.giverofwordsword-wand????[EndofSection]Beowulf
ThePoetryofBeowulfBeowulfisanoralepicpassedfrombardtobard.Harpist-bards
toldthe
familiarstoryforaudiencesinthecommunalhallsatnight.ReconstructedAnglo-SaxonvillageinWestStow,England,withcommunalhallontheleft.
Writtendownbetween700and750.
Beowulf
BackgroundWhowroteitdown?scenerydescribedresemblesNorthumbria(northeasternEngland)Theory:ThepoetwhowroteBeowulfdownmayhavebeenaNorthumbrianmonk.Evidence:
Christianelementsinepic[EndofSection]Beowulf
BackgroundQuickwriteMaketheConnectionWriteaboutacontemporaryhero,realorfictional,andthechallengesheorshefaces.Describeyourhero,andthenbrieflyanalyzehimorherusingthesequestions:Whatsortofeviloroppressiondoesyourheroconfront?Whydoesheorsheconfrontevil?What’sthemotivation?Forwhomdoesyourheroconfrontevil?Whatvirtuesdoesyourherorepresent?[EndofSection]Beowulf
QuickwriteVocabularyPreviewingtheVocabularyresolute
adj.:determined.vehemently
adv.:violentlyinfallible
adj.:unabletofailorbewrongfurled
v.:rolledup.lavish
adj.:extravagantassailv.:attackextolled
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