情态动词的用法-Tibby

Grammar

Thekidshavegotsomeproblems!Canyouhelpthem?Ifeelaliitlesleepy.You___________(最好）gotosleepnow.hadbetterWearetoofat!You_________(应该）dosomeexercises.shouldIhaveabadcold!You_____（可以）gotoseeadoctor.canIt’srainingheavily.You_____(或许可以）takeanumbrella.mayIt‘s7o’clocknow.You_____（必须）getup.must像hadbetter/should/can/must/may这一类不能单独作谓语，后面要跟动词原形的词，我们将它们称作情态动词。1.Youhadbettergotosleepnow.2.Youshoulddosomeexercises.3.Youcangotoseeadoctor.4.Youmaytakeanumbrella.5.Youmustgetup.这些句子有什么特点？主要情态动词Can,could

能够，可能May,might

可以，可能Must/haveto必须/不得不Need

需要Dare

敢Will/would愿意should/oughtto应该，必须Shall命令，警告或征求意见

Whatmodalverbshaveyoulearned?情态动词特点1.情态动词有一定的词义。2.没有人称和数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。3.不能单独作谓语。4.后面只能接动词原形。Canyoucorrectthesentences?1.Sheshouldsgotoschoolbefore8o’clock.shouldsshould2.WecanstudyinghardtoimproveourEnglish.studyingstudy3.Shecansomeexercises.cancando情态动词含义否定式can/could表能力（=beableto)“能/会”can’t/couldn’t表许可(=may)“可以”表推测(只用于否定句和疑问句）“可能”注：1.表示某人通过努力克服困难做成某事,要用be

ableto.2.could,might,would表委婉语气用于疑问句,答语仍须用

can,may,will.1.can/could

Let’spractice!1.你会骑单车吗？Canyourideabike？2.你可以回答这个问题吗？Canyouanswerthequestion？3.那个女人太胖，一定不是Tibby.Thatwomanistoofat,shecan’tbeTibby.4.CouldIaskyouaquestion？Yes，youcan.情态动词含义否定式may/might表许可“可以”mustn't“禁止”表推测“可能”can't“不可能”May在祈使句中表祝愿。Mayyousucceed！结构：Maysb.dosth.2.may/might注：may表推测时，只用于肯定句和否定句，不用于疑问句1.---MayIuseyourpencil?---Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.2.她现在可能不在工作。Shemaynotbeworkingnow.3.John现在可能在家。Johnmightbeathomenow.4.Helen也许会和我们一起去旅行,但是她还不确定。Helenmaygoonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tverysureyet.情态动词用法will表请求(第二人称)表意愿would更客气的请求过去的意愿3.will/would注：will的否定式won'twould的否定式wouldn't.Let'spractice！1.你愿意帮我拿书吗?Willyoucarrythebookforme?2.我从现在起会努力学习。Iwillstudyhardfromnowon.3.她不愿意早起。Shewon'tgetupearly.情态动词含义否定式should应该（主观上）表猜测“应该，很可能”shouldn'toughtto应该（客观上）表猜测“应该,很可能”oughtn'tto4.should/oughttoshould常表示劝告、建议、命令，与oughtto意义相近，但oughtto多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。5.shall情态动词含义否定式shall疑问句中用于第一，三人称，表征求意见。肯定句中用于第二、三人称，表示命令、警告、允诺或决心。shan't注：shall表示一般将来时，仅用于第一人称。YoushalldoasIsay.(命令)1.在陈述句中,shall用于二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。ShallIopenthewindowforyou？（征求意见）2.在疑问句中,用于一、三人称，用来表示请求或征求意见。注意：Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.(允诺)Nothingshall

stopmedoingit.(决心)

Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou？（请求）Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers.3.should常表示劝告、建议、命令，与oughtto意义相近，但oughtto多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。Everycitizenoughttoobeylaw.Yououghtnottogo.Youshould/oughttohavetoldherthetruthearlier.Sheshouldn’thaveleftwithoutsayingaword.4.should/oughttohavedone表示责备或批评,意为“本应该…但”,oughtto的语气更强烈,用于否定则表示“本不该…但”5.Should用于可能性推测时,表“应该，很可能”Theyleftat5:30.Theyshouldgettherenow.情态动词含义否定式注意点must表必要（强调主观）“必须”needn’t“不必”与haveto的区别：haveto表“不得不”，强调客观表推测“一定”

can’t“不可能”只能用于肯定句，不能用于否定、疑问句6.must/haveto注：haveto表“不得不”强调客观，must强调主观。7.need情态动词含义否定式注意点need作情态动词“需要”needn’t“不必”need+动词原形作实义动词“需要”

don’t/doesn’tneed“不需要”need+todo---Need

hestartfromthebeginning?---Yes,hemust.---No,heneedn’t/doesn’thaveto.

1.作情态动词时,仅用于否定或疑问句,后接动词原形,表“需要”need用法讲解

Youneedn’treturnthebooknow.2.作实义动词时,表示“需要”，有人称、时态、和数的变化Heneedstofinishitthisevening.Theclassroomneedscleaning.用need/shall/must提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t或don’t(doesn’t)haveto。

Tips对need问句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thaveto对其它情态动词的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,you__________.--No,you__________.

--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.--No,you__________.needn’tdon’thavetoneedn’tdon’thaveto情态动词含义否定式hadbetter最好hadbetternot“最好不要”

8.hadbetterExercisesI.Trytoexplainthemeaningsofthemodalverbsinthefollowingsentences.1.HecanspeakEnglishwell.2.Youcangohomenow.3.Thatcan’tbetrue.4.CouldyoupleaseshowmethewaytoBeihaiPark?5.Theyhuntersarelost.Theycouldstarve.6.MayIcomein?7.Hemaygiveyousomehelp?abilitypermissionguessingrequestpossibilitypermissionpossibility8.Don’tworry.Iwillhelpyou.9.Oftenhewoulddressuplikearichman.10.Wouldyouliketojoinusfordinner?YoushallhavetheticketassoonasIgetit.Youshouldarriveattheairporttwohoursbeforehegoes.Itisfiveo’clock.Heshouldturnupsoon.WangFengwinsanawardeveryyear.Hmisepasthabitrequestpromisepredictionadvicespeculation2.用情态动词完成句子1).You’vebeenworkingallday.You______beverytired.2).(Thedoorbellrings)Iwonderwhothatis.It______beLisa.She’sstillinthelibraryatthistime.3).Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You______comeandseeusmoreoften.

mustcan’tshould4.Ihaven’tdecidedwhereI’mgoingformyholidays.I_____gotoAustralia.5.Myfather’sbirthdayisccoming.What_____Igivehim?6.Whydon’tyoutryonthisdress?It_____lookniceonyou.mayshallwill7.“Whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?”“I’mnotsure.It______beherbrother.”8.Idon’tknowwhentheguests_____behere.They______arriveatanytime.mightwillcould3.完成下列句子：

1.Idon‘tknowwheresheis,she_______________.(可能在武汉）(be)2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_______________（想必在批改）ourexampapers.(mark/grade)3.Theroadiswet.It________________(一定下雨了）

lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother_____________________________（一定一直在找你）(look)maybeinWuhan

gradingmustbemarking

musthaverainedmusthavebeenlookingforyou.5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.(可能受了重伤).(hurt)6.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.--She___________________(可能走了)bybus.(go)7.Mike________________(一定还没有找回)hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.

may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefound4.Multiple-choice1.—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No,it________behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.(04全国I29)A.can’t B.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot2.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You________herlastweek.(04福建32)

A.oughttotell

B.wouldhavetold

C.musttell

D.shouldhavetold3.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI________reportittothepolice?(04广西21)A.shouldB.may C.will D.can4.Mr.White________at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’t

showup.(04广西27)A.shouldhavearrived B.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrived D.shouldbearriving5.—Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?—Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit________be.(04湖北26)A.might B.willC.must D.can√√√√√6.—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.

—You________havemycomputerifyoudon'ttakecareofit.(04湖南28)A.shan'tB.mightnotC.needn'tD.shouldn't7.—Idon'tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.—You________.I'mnotaskingyouforit.(04江苏22)A.mustn'tB.maynotC.can'tD.needn’t8.—Mum,I’vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8o’clock.________IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?—No,I’mafraidnot.Besides,it’srainingoutsidenow.(04辽宁29)A.Can’t B.Wouldn’t C.Maynot D.Won’t9.You________betired—you'veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(04全国II29)A.mustnotB.won'tC.can'tD.maynot10.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry________beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.(04上海28)A.must B.may C.canD.need√√√√√11.—Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?

—Well,ifyou________know,hernameisMabel.(04天津31)A.mayB.canC.must D.shall12.I________payTracyavisit,butIamnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.(04浙江26)A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could13.“Theinterest

________

bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.(04重庆24)A.may

B.should

C.must

D.shall14.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe________haveenteredfree.(05年山东34)A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need15.He________havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.(05年北京26)A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t√√√√√16.I________havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.(05年天津14)A.shouldn’tB.couldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t17.—I’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.—It________Harry’s.Healwayswearsgreen.(05年广东33)A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn’tbeD.couldbe18.—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?—Something________tohim.(05年江西22)A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened19.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit________beveryslow.(05年浙江9)A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can20.—Lucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.—She________.I’vealreadyborrowedone.(05年湖南24)A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t√√√√√21.Thiscakeisverysweet.You________alotofsugarinit.(05年辽宁26)A.shouldputB.couldhaveputC.mightputD.musthaveput22.Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They________atleast150kilometersanhour.(05年重庆33)A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone23.Tom,you________leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!(05年全国I26)A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot24.—DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?—Oh,no,Iforgot.I________hernow.(05年全国III8)A.willbecallingB.willcallC.callD.amtocall25.John,lookatthetime.________youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?(05年全国III19)A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need√√√√√26.Helen________goonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tquitesureyet.(05年安徽26)A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can27.—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You________it.Icouldmanageitmyself.(05年福建31)A.needn’tdB.needn’thavedoneC.mustn’tdo D.shouldn’thavedone28.There________beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.(05年上海27)A.mustn’tB.shan’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t29.Someaspectsofapilot’sjob________beboring,andpilotsoften________workatinconvenienthours.(06湖南32)A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must30.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I________thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(06江西24)A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn’thavetakenD.mustn’thavetaken√√√√√31.There’snolighton—they________beathome.(06全国I、II卷24)A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t32.—MayIsmokehere?—Ifyou________,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.(06山东30)A.shouldB.couldC.mayD.must33.We