新核心综合学术英语教程 4 Unit 1 参考答案

Unit1遇到很多障碍encountermanyobstacles有很大的关系havesignificantrelevanceto增强可信度enhancethecredibility证实或驳斥研究的结果confirmorrefutethefindings复制实验duplicatetheexperiment与良好研究报告背道而驰beantitheticaltogoodresearchreporting充分评估研究结果evaluatetheresearchresultsfully与研究项目的结果最密切相关bemostconcernedwiththeresultsofaresearchproject断开单调的长篇大段breakuplongpassagesofprose避免使用矫饰的术语avoidpretentiousjargonTask5(Page8)1.Astudentandprofessionalmayspendplentyoftimereportingtheresultsoftheirresearchprojectswhentheypresentthemtoteachers,managersandclients.Actually,onewouldbefacedwithmanydifficultiesinstudyandonthejobwithoutthenecessaryresearchskillsaswellastheabilitytoshowtheresultswithclarityandcompleteness.2.Inthispartthebasicruleonehastofollowistooffertheentiresetofdatarelevanttotheresearchquestionraisedatthebeginning.Ifonetendstohidefindingswhich,tosomeextent,cannotsupporthishypothesis,suchdishonestbehaviorisnotwelcomeinresearchreportinginanyfield.3.Littleimportanceisattachedtoalivelystyle;however,itisacceptabletowriteinterestingly.Theessentialqualitiesforprofessionalcommunicationshouldincludeaccuracy,clarity,andcompleteness.Task4(Page27)2.TourismhasbeenaffectednegativelybytheriseofexpenseinairtraveltoscenicspotslikeHawaii.3.Studiesshowthatpeoplewithparticularbloodtypesaremorelikelytobeinfectedbysomediseases.However,thereisnosurecorrelationbetweenbloodtypesandpeople’scharacters.4.Thepracticeofidentifyingthesexoftheunbornbabyinthewomb,andthenterminatingthebabygirlifitisnotwanted,ismadepossibleinsometraditionalsocietiesbyultrasoundequipmentduetoitsportabilityandlowprice.5.In2011,AfricarankedNo.2inthecellularphonemarket,nexttoAsia.ThisyearsawtheswiftdevelopmentofAfrica’scellularnetworkinsizeandqualitytosatisfythe600millionusers’needs.6.Theshortageoffreshwateriscausedbypopulationexplosion,pollution,climatechange,helongrun,crises,evenwars,mayariseaspeoplefightovertheavailabilityoffreshwatersupplieswhichareessentialtothem.Task5(Page27)Question2Inexplaininghowfacultyandadministratorsshoulddealwithacademicdishonesty,Eastman,IyerandReisenwitz(2008)suggestthatthreeaspectsofacademicdishonestybetakenintoconsideration,includingfactorsinfluencingacademicdishonesty,differentiationbetweenplagiarismandcheating,andstudents’viewthatcertaintypesofacademicdishonestyaremoreunethicalthanothers.Question3VanMerrienboer(1997)pointsoutthetransitioninthefieldofinstructionaldesignfrom”instructivist”approachesto“constructivist”approachesinthelasttenyears,withtheformerexpressingtheideathattheknowledgeistorepresenttherealworld,andthusdeterminesthemeaningwhichisexternaltotheunderstanders.Question4Reigeluth(1999)explainstheinstructionaldesigntheoryasatleastconsistingoftwoparts:methodsforpromotinghumanlearninganddevelopment,andinwhatsituationsthemethodscanorcannotbeemployed.Question5Heimlich(1992)makesitclearthatinterestintheenvironment,thesourceofbothmaterialsandrefugeforthehumanspirit,isnotanewfieldforitisimportanttothegrowthanddevelopmentofmankind.Recently,theconcernforprotectingtheenvironmentshowspeople’sdemandforimprovingtheirlifeandsupplementingresources.Heimlichfurtherpointsoutthatthedifferencebetweenthedecadespriortothe1960sandnowismuchgreaterattentionhasbeenattachedtotheenvironment.Question6Gredler(2001)holdsthatfourimportantingredientsinteachingpigeonstoplayping-pongandtobowlareassociatedwithcomplexskillsdevelopment