山西省运城市向阳学校2021年高三英语期末试卷含解析

山西省运城市向阳学校2021年高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Mydaughter,_____jobrequireshertodoalotoftravelling,isalwaysawayfromhomealot.

A.which B.that C.whose D.where参考答案：C2.Thechildrenfound

afunthingtoplayinthepark.A.this B.it C.that D.不填参考答案：B3.—Excuseme,butIdon’tthinkyoucansmokehere.—Reallysorry,I

thisisanon–smokingroom

A．don’tknow

B．didn’tknow

C．havenoidea

D．haven’tknown参考答案：B4.Atpresent,thebutterfactoryisstillpollutingtheriverthoughit_____tostop. A.ordered B.hasordered C.willbeordered D.hasbeenordered参考答案：D5.Thehappiestarenotthosewhoownallthebestthings,butthosewhoappreciatethebeautyoflife.A.can B.should C.must D.may参考答案：A考查情态动词。句意:最幸福的人不是那些拥有所有最好的东西的人,而是那些会欣赏生活中的美好的人。从句意看出这里表示"会,能够",故用can。34.【2012湖南】Bicyclingisgoodexercise;____,itdoesnotpollutetheair.

A.nevertheless

B.besides

C.otherwise

D.therefore参考答案：B略7.语音知识(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)

从四个选项中找出划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。1.example

A.exact

B.excellent

C.expression

D.exercise2.fasten

A.handsome

B.vacation

C.disaster

D.national3.author

A.worthy

B.breathe

C.length

D.smooth4.break

A.steal

B.great

C.deaf

D.breakfast5.season

A.satisfied

B.absence

C.case

D.excuse参考答案：1-5:ACCBD略8.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane__________.A.takesoff

B.hastakenoff

C.istakingoff

D.tookoff参考答案：C9.Whilerisingtochallengesmayexposeyoutogreattrouble,inthelongrun,youwillfindit________.A.practical

B.avoidable

C.beneficial

D.accessible参考答案：C10.TheMostBeautifulVillageTeacher,hostedbyCCTV,honorstheteachers__________valuablecontributionsareworthytoberespectedbyeveryChinese.A.ofwhom

B.ofwhich

C.that

D.whose参考答案：D11.--_______matterstodothejobwell---whatyouareorwhereyoucomefrom?---Neither.Itdependsonwhetheryouputyourheartintoit.A.Whichisitthat

B.WhatitisthatC.Whichitisthat

D.Whatisitwhich参考答案：A12.Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which________justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.

A.shan’t

B.can’t

C.needn’t

D.mustn’t

参考答案：B解析：.情态动词基本意思判断.意思是:当遭受威胁时不能够起身逃跑.13.Studentsarerequiredtogooutincouples,especiallyintheevenings,withfriends______theygetintotrouble．

A.evenif

B.ifonly

C.incase

D.when参考答案：C略14.Weneedtopreventpollution________drivingcarslessanddevelopingrenewableenergy.A．by

B．from

C．with

D．against参考答案：A15._______asaseriousproblematpresent,ithasdrawnalotofpeople’sattention.

A.Recognize

B.Recognized

C.Beingrecognized

D.Havingrecognized参考答案：B23.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmell______herprogressandshestopped.

A.deleted

B.scratched

C.arrested

D.faded参考答案：C略17.Manymemoriesofoldtimeswere______bytheconversationwehadduringtheget-together.A.calledon

B.calledin

C.calledup

D.calledfor参考答案：C18.I’vebeentryingtoringherupallthemorningbutIcouldn’t_______.A.getthrough

B.gothrough

C.getover

D.goover参考答案：A二、书面表达19.国人出国游的不文明行为越来越受到广泛关注。请以表格中所举的事实细节为依据，谈谈自己的看法。不文明行为你的看法吐痰、乱丢垃圾、大叫······注意文明礼仪、维护中国人形象注意：1.可大胆地发散思维，拓展所给内容。2.参考词汇：乱丢垃圾litter（v）；形象image（n）；声誉reputation（n）3.词数120左右。参考答案：Onepossibleversion:AsmoreandmoreChinesegoonoverseastrips，reportsabouttheirbadmannersfloodin．ManyoverseasChineseareembarrassedwhenforeignersaskthemifallChineseshoutloudly．litterorspiteverywhere.ThepoorbehaviorofsomeChinesehasdonegreatharmtoourreputationforhavinggoodmanners.Chinahasbecomeanimportantcorneroftheglobalvillage.Wehavetounderstandandrespectothers’culturetogetalongwell.Sobeforeyougoonyournextoverseastrip,remembertolearnaboutthecultureandpeoplethere,whichaimstoimproveChina’simageinforeigners’eyes.You’llwinrespectforyourselfaswellasyourcountry天·星om权天·星om权T

天星版权.20.假定你是李华，自制了一些中国结（Chineseknot）。给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖，要点包括：1.

外观（尺寸、颜色、材料）2.

象征意义3.

价格注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：DearTom,Howareyoudoing?IwonderifyoucouldsellsomeChineseknotsforme.Imadethemmyselfwithredstillthreads,clothsandothermaterials.Theylookreallybeautifulintheshapeofadiamond,about5incheslongand4incheswide.InChina,theseknotsstandforfriendship,loveandgoodluck.Peoplecaneithergivethemasgiftstofriendsorhangthemintheirhouses.Theyareonly12.99USdollarseach.Ifanyonewantstoknowmoreabouttheknots,letthemwritetome.Also,doletmeknowifyouneedfurtherinformation.Thankyou!LiHua【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，题目要求你给准备给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖你的中国结。本文应以一般现在时为主的时态，以第一人称和第三人称为主。要点主要包括以下三个方面：1.外观（尺寸、颜色、材料）；2.象征意义；3.价格。写作时切忌逐句翻译，一定要用合适的连词连接各要点，使之成为连贯的整体。同时尽量使用较多的高级词汇和语法结构，提升文章的层次。【详解】第一步：细读题目要求确定文章的时态与人称。根据提示可知，本文时态应为一般现在时，以第一人称和第三人称为主。第二步：根据写作要求，确定关键词：Chineseknot（中国结）；sellsomeChineseknotsforme；madethemmyself；intheshapeof（是……形状），standfor（代表）等。第三步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意人称，主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使文章衔接顺畅；另外书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面整洁美观。【点睛】本文要点涵盖全面，句式丰富，语篇连贯。段落层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。还有如宾语从句ifyousellsomeChineseknotsforme.和两个if引导的条件状语从句ifyouneedfurtherinformation和Ifanyonewantstoknowmoreabouttheknots等高级句式。另外还使用了谓语动词的强调doletmeknow。以上高级句式结构的使用显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。三、阅读理解21.Likeinfectiousdiseases,ideasintheacademicworldareepidemic(传染的).Butwhysometravelfarandwidewhileequallygoodoneshasbeenamystery?Nowateamofcomputerscientistshasusedanepidemiologicalmodeltosimulate(模仿)howideasmovefromoneacademicinstitutiontoanother.Themodelshowedthatideasoriginatingatfamousinstitutionscausedbigger“epidemics”thanequallygoodideasfromlessfamousplaces,explainsAllisonMorgan,acomputerscientistattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.“Thisimpliesthatwhereanideaisbornshapeshowfaritspreads,”saysseniorauthorAaronClauset.Notonlyisthisunfair—“itrevealsabigweaknessinhowwe’redoingscience,”saysSimonDeDeo,aprofessorofsocialanddecisionsciencesatCarnegieMellonuniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Therearemanyhighlytrainedpeoplewithgoodideaswhodonotendupattopinstitutions.Theyareproducinggoodideas,andweknowthoseideasaregettinglost,”DeDeosays.“Ourscience,ourscholarships,isnotasgoodbecauseofthis.”TheColoradoresearchersfirstlookedathowfivebigideasincomputersciencespreadtonewinstitutions.Theyfoundthathiringanewfacultymemberaccountedforthismovementalittlemorethanathirdofthetime--andin81percentofthosecases,transmissionstookplacefromhigher–tolower-prestige(声望)universities.Thentheteamsimulatedthespreadofideasusinganinfectiousdiseasemodelandfoundthatthesizeofanidea“epidemic”dependedontheprestigeoftheoriginatinginstitution.Theresearchers’modelsuggeststhatthere“maybeanumberofquitegoodideasthatoriginateinthemiddleofthepack,intermsofuniversities.”Clausetsays.Thereisalotofgoodworkcomingoutoflessfamousplaces.hesays:“Youcanlearnahugeamountfromit,andyoucanlearnthingsthatotherpeopledon’tknowbecausethey’renotevenpayingattention.”12.Howdidthescientistscarryouttheirresearch?A.Bymakinguseofamodel. B.Byanalyzingpreviousdata.C.Bycomparingdifferentresults. D.Byinterviewingdifferentpeople.13.AccordingtoSimonDeDeo,WhatcanweinferinParagraph3?A.Allthepeoplewithhighereducationhavegoodideas.B.Somescholarshipsaren’tgiventotherightpeople.C.Mostgoodideascomefromnot-so-greatinstitutions.D.Peoplewithhighereducationshouldworkintopinstitutions.14.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thecausesoftheresults. B.Theimportanceoftheresearch.C.Thefindingsoftheresearch. D.Thecharacteristicsofbigideas.15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Spreadgoodideasasfaraspossible.B.Bestideascomefromtopinstitutions.C.Savegoodideasfromlessfamousplaces.D.Ideasfromtopinstitutionstravelfarther.参考答案：12.A

13.B

14.C

15.D本文为说明文。文章介绍了一种社会现象——顶级机构的想法传播得更远。【12题详解】细节理解题。依据第一段ateamofcomputerscientistshasusedanepidemiologicalmodeltosimulate…可知，科学家们利用模型进行研究。故A选项正确。【13题详解】推理判断题。第三段SimonDedeo说：“这揭示了我们在科学方面的巨大弱点。”“很多受过高等教育的人都有很好的想法，但最终却没有进入顶尖机构。他们正在产生好的想法，我们知道这些想法正在消失，”；“由于这一点，我们的科学，我们的奖学金没有那么好。”由此可推断，有些奖学金并没有给对的人。故B选项正确。【14题详解】段落大意题。依据第四段TheyfoundthatThentheteamsimulatedthespreadofideasandfoundthat。由两处foundthat可知，该段主要呈现研究的结果。故C选项正确。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出一种社会现象，学术思想像传染病一样会流行，但为什么一些传播的远而另一些却不？后文通过流行病学建模实验来说明，来自名家机构的思想要比来自不太著名地方的同样好的思想更加的“流行”。因此D项“顶级机构的想法传播得更远”适合做最佳标题。故D选项正确。22.LastweekIwasridingmyspecialmotorbikeandthenstoppedataconveniencestore.AsIwasgettingmywheelchairofftheback,amanwatchedmefromhiscarandInoticedawheelchairinhisbackseat.WespokeforamomentandIaskedhimaboutthewheelchair.Heansweredthatitwasforhisdaughter.“Well,doyouthinkshewouldliketogoforarideonmymotorbikewithme?”Iasked.Heseemedshockedthatatotalstrangerwouldaskhimthis.Hethoughtaboutitforasecondandsaid,“OK,aslongasIcanfollowyou.”HeintroducedmetoAmyandhesatheronmybackseat.Herfatherfollowedmeforafewmilesandshetalkednon-stopaboutwhatshewantedforChristmas.Aswecamebacktotheconveniencestore,shesaid,“ThisrideisthebestChristmaspresentIcouldeverreceive.Ihavebeeninawheelchairmywholelifeanddidn'tknowIcoulddothis.”ItoldheraboutsomeoftheotherthingsIdo(ski,traveltheworldbymyself,etc.).Asherfatherwastakingheroffmybike,sheturnedtohimandsaid,“OhDaddy,I'mgoingtobeOK.Mr.Bryantdoesallkindsofthings,andIwilltoo.”Herfatherturnedawayasatearofjoyrolleddownhischeek.Hehuggedmeandsaid,“IwassittinghereprayingforagiftforAmythatwouldencourageher.Sheoftenfeltthatherlifewasdullcomparedtootherchildren.Godansweredmyprayerjustnow.NowIpraythatGodwillblessyouforyourgifttoAmytoday.”Ibelievedwhathesaid.Beingkindandthoughtfultoothers,wecanbeananswertoprayer.24.Howdidthefatherfeelatfirstwhentheauthorinvitedhisdaughterforaride?A.Hewashappybecausehisdaughtercouldgainexcitement.B.Hewasmovedbecausetheauthorofferedtohelphisdaughter.C.Hefeltsurprisedbecausehedidn’tknowtheauthor.D.Hefeltnervousbecausehewasworrie