专题14-第十四章语气（初高区别及衔接）（学生版）-2021-2022学年英语初升高衔接大串讲（牛津译林版2020）

第十四章语气初中知识回顾初中学习的是陈述语气和祈使语气。这两种语气，都是表示真实的描述、推测或者命令等。回顾一：陈述语气陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。.Thereabasketballmatchinourschooltomorrow.A.willhaveB.wiilbeC.arcD.isgoingtobe回顾二：祈使语气祈使语气表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。.yourumbrella,oryou'llcatchacoldonsucharainyday.A.TakeB.TotakeC.TakingD.Takes高中知识衔接在高中，我们要学习虚拟语气。虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式。它用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或是与事实相反的假设。类别用法例句if引导的条件从句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式（be用were）；主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.与过去事实相反从句动词：had+过去分词；主句动词：should/would/could/might+havc+过去分词IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/should+动词原物were+不定式;主句动词:should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.其他状语从句asif引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式Theyaretalkingasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.evenif/though引导的从句，与现在将来/事实相反：从句动词用过去式，主句动词用should/would+动词Eveniftheyweretofail,theywouldn'tlosecourage.

原形。与过去事实相反:从句动词：had+过去分词；主句动词：should/would+have+过去分词宾语从句demand,suggest,order,insist等表命令、建议、要求后的从句中动词（should）+动词原形Hesuggestedthatwenotchangeourmind.wish后的从句中分别用过去式、过去完成式和coukVwould+动词原形表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反IwishIcouldbeapopsinger.主语从句在Itisnecessary/important/strangethat...,Itissuggested/demanded/ordered/requestedthat...等从句中，谓语动词用(should)+动词原形Itisstrangethatsuchapersonshouldbeourfriends.表语从句和同位语从句作idea,advice,order,demand,request等表命令、建议、要求的词的表语从句和同位语从句，其谓语动词用（should）+动词原形Myadviceisthatyou(should)finishyourhomeworkfirst.Theideathatyou(should)goisright.其他句型中Itistimethat…句型中动词用过去式或shou【d+动词原形It'shightimethatweleft.wouldrather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式Iwouldratheryoustayedathomenow.Ifonly句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望Ifonlyourdreamhadcometrue!1.1didn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome2.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold3lWherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoing(obecompletelyruined.一Iwishtheyalwayslate.A.weren'tB.hadn'tbeenC.wouldn'tbe0.wouldn'thavebeen4-1havegonethroughahardtimeinthelastfewyears.A.weren'tB.hadn'tbeenC.wouldn'tbe0.wouldn'thavebeen-Really?!wishyoumeaboutitearlier.Afterali,wearcfriends.A.toldB.hadtoldC.wouldtoldD.tell.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken.—Thankyoufbrtellingmeofthetime,orIlateyesterday.-Don'tmentionit.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.willhavebeenD.wouldhavebeenthroughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn'thavegoneB.didn'tgoC.wouldn'tgoD.hadn'tgone.Withouthishelp,!theworkintime.A.cannotfinishB.willnotfinishC.hadnotfinishedD.couldnothavefinished.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountiy.butI'dratherhemoreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused.-Don'tyouthinkitnecessarythathetoMiamibuttoNewYork?-Iagree,buttheproblemis.hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbescnt;whatD.shouldnotscnd;what思考总结虚拟语气是高中阶段的重点也是难点语法，常常用来表示说话人的愿望、请求、建议、惊奇、设想等。其常考点为：1.判断表示建议、命令、请求后的从句所使用的虚拟语气；2.without,butfor等隐含的虚拟语气;3.if引导的错综时间虚拟语气。随堂练习I.单句填空1.Shouldnaps(小睡)actually(take)duringtheday?2/I'hcrcarctwodrivers.Onehasadestinationinmindwhichcan(find)onamap.n.单句改错4.ThoughIdon'tknowwhatIcandofbrtheanimalsyet,Icanatleasttofollowmybrother.5.ShealsosuggestedthatIcanintroducemyculturetomyclassmates..（2019江苏,31）Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe（have）agoodtimetogether..（2019天津,14）Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey（accomplish）thetaskinhalfthetime..（2018」匕京,12）Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdatacauseseriousproblemsforacompany..（2018天津,10）1can'tfindmypurse.Ihaveleftitinthesupennarketyesterday,butI'mnotsure..（2018天津we（caich）theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow..（2018江苏,27）Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andiwishI（have）asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved..（2017北京,21）Samucl,thetallestboyinourclass,easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf..（2017天津,2）Myroomisamess,butIcleanitbeforeIgoouttonight.Icandoitinthemorning..（2017天津,15）—DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I（be）abletoreachheryesterday..（2017江苏,22）（be）itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty..（2016北京,31）1love（heweekend,becauseIgetupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays..（2016北京,34）Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyou（tell）me,Icouldhavehelped..（2016天津,5）Itwasreallyannoying;Igetaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended..（2016江苏,27）Ifit（be）forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow..（2015江苏,28）ItmighthavesavedmesometroubleIknowntheschedule..（2015天津,13）1wishI（be）atmysister'sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen..（2015安徽,32）Itisluckywebookedaroomerwe（have）nowheretostaynow..（2015陕西,23）Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI（dance）aswellasher..（2015北京,29）―Can'tyoustayalittlelonger?—It'sgettinglate.Ireallyg