中考英语动词时态、语态、情态动词

Welcometoourclass畅游时态海洋动词时态复习

一、一般现在时一般现在时的谓语构成：1、be动词：am/is/are2、行为动词：A：动词原形

B：动词+-s(主语为单三)一般现在时的用法：

1.经常发生,反复进行的动作或状态。2.客观事实或普遍真理。3.If;assoonas等引导的状语从句。4.当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时的从句。常与下列时间状语连用：often,usually,always,sometimeseveryday/week/Sunday…实战演练1.Jimusually___(have)lunchathome,butsometimeshe_____(have)itatschool.2.I’lltellhimthenewsassoonashe_____(come)back.3.Ifit__________(notrain)tomorrow,we’llgotothezoo.4.Don’tgetoffthebusuntilit__(stop).5.Youmaygoouttoplaywhenyou________(finish)yourhomework.hashascomesdoesn’trainstopsfinish6.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_________(travel)roundthesun.7.---Doyouknowifwe________(go)tothecinematomorrow?---Ithinkwe’llgoifwe_________(nothave)toomuchhomework.8.ShewatchesTVtwiceaweek.___________doesshewatchTV?travelswillgodon’thaveHowoften9.Jimhaslunchathomeeveryday.(否定句)Jim____________lunchathomeeveryday.10.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.(一般疑问句)

______he____hishomeworkeveryday?11.Hehasfewfriends,__________?(反意疑问句)

doesn’thaveDoesdodoeshe二、现在进行时★现在进行时的谓语构成：am/is/are+动词ing★现在进行时的用法：表示说话时或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，常与时间状语now,thisweek,thesedays

等连用。另外，我们还要注意句中的隐含条件（如：look,listen,It’snineo’clock等）。如：★Look!Thestudentsaredoingtheirhomework.★Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.★Don’tgoout!It’sraininghardoutside.有些动词如come,go,leave,begin,等的现在进行时可以表示预定的或即将发生的动作,句中常有表示将来的状语:I’mleavingonSundaymorning.Jimiscomingherethisevening.实战演练1.Look!Somechildren___________(play)footballontheplayground.2.Listen!Someone___________(play)thepianointheroom.3.ThestudentsofClassTwo________(work)onthefarmnow.4.Bequiet!Yourfather____________(sleep).5.Don’tgoout!It__________(rain)hardoutside.areplayingisplayingareworkingissleepingisraining三、一般过去时一般过去时的构成：

★

动词的过去式一般过去时的用法：

★表示过去发生的动作或状态.用于一般过去时的时间状语有:yesterday,yesterday/morning/afternoon/evening,lastnight/week/month/Sunday/

justnow,halfanhourago等。haveameeting,yesterdayWehadameetingyesterday.giveaconcert,lastmonthJaygaveaconcertlastmonth.

joinWTO,in2001ChinajoinedWTOin2001.getmarried,in1999Theygotmarriedin1999.

visitCanada,lastThursdayHevisitedCanadalastThursday.die,December9HediedinShanghaionDec.9.实战演练1.____you_____agoodtimelastSunday?2.Theheadmaster____________(notsay)anythingatthemeetingyesterday.3.Haveyoueverbeenthere?Yes,I_________(go)therelastspring.4.Lily____(fall)offherbikeand___(hurt)

herselflastMondayafternoon.

Didhave

didn’tsaywentfellhurt5.It’salongtimesincewe_____last.A.meetB.metC.willmetD.havemet6.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?---Yes,I______therelastspring.A.goB.havegoneC.willgoD.wentBD5.Mr.Liinvitedhertotheparty.（改为一般疑问句）

_____Mr.Li_____hertotheparty?6Theyaskedtheteacheraquestion.（改为否定句）They_______________theteacheraquestion.7.Hesaidnothingatthemeeting.(同义句)He_____say_______atthemeeting.Didinvitedidn’taskdidn’tanything8.TomwatchedTVfortwohours.(对画线部分提问）______________Tom_______TV?9.Shehelpedmedosomecleaning.(对画线部分提问）__________She_____you____?10.Theykneweverythingonlyafteryoutoldthem.(同义句)Theyknew________________youtoldthem.Howlongdid

watchWhatdiddohelpnothinguntil四、一般将来时1、一般将来时的构成：

1）will+动词原形2）am(is,are)goingto+动词原形2、一般将来时的用法：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语连用。如:

tomorrow,today,tonight,nextspring/week/month/year…Whatwillyoudonextweek?We’llonlystayfortwoweeks.实战演练1.There________(be)anEnglishfilmonTVtonight.2.____we___(go)totheparknextSunday?3.He_________(notgo)homeuntilhefinisheshishomework.4.What____you____(do)nextSunday?5.I________(be)freetomorrowmorning.willbeShallgowon’tgowilldoWillbe6.Thereisgoingto_____ameetingnextweek.A.beB.haveC.isD.has7.---Idon’tknowifit___tomorrow.---Ifit________,we’llstayathome.A.willrain;rainsB.rains;rainsC.willrain;willrainD.rains;willrainAA

五、过去进行时1、过去进行时的构成：

★was/were+现在分词2、过去进行时的用法：

★过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：1)atthistimelastnight,at9:00yesterday2)whenIsawhim;whileIwaswatchingTV3)fromseventonine4)yesterday,lastyear,yesterdaymorning

★Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?

★Hewasdrawinganelephantontheblackboardwhentheteachercamein.实战演练We_________________(watch)TVwhenhecametoseeus.2.I______________(draw)apictureatthistimeyesterdaymorning.3.What______you______(do)whentheteachercamein?4.Whilewe_____________(talk),theteachercamein.werewatchingwaswatchingweredoingweretalking六、现在完成时1.现在完成时的构成：

助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词

注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。

2．现在完成时的用法：（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。

（2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。如:for＋时间段和since＋时间点或时间壮语从句，以及sofar等。

①ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years.②Theyhavelivedheresince1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come,go,die,join,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的短语连用。

(3).havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的区别：

★have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾经去过”某地,说话时此人很可能不在那里,已经回来。侧重指经历。★have/hasgone(to)表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：

buyhave

borrowkeep

catch/getacoldhaveacoldgettoknowknowjointhePartybeaPartymember短暂性动词与延续性动词leavebeaway(from)

diebedeadbeginbeon

comeherebeherefallasleepbeasleep

jointheArmybeintheArmycometowork/livework/live

begintostudy/teachstudy/teachB.把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时Hecameherethreemonthsago.C.用“Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since

(一般过去时)”结构。Itis/hasbeenthreemonthssincehecamehere.D.用“多长时间+haspassed+since(一般过去时)”结构：Threemonthshaspassed

since

hecamehere.(4)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能和howlong连用。如：误：Howlonghaveyouborrowthebook?正：Howlong

haveyou

kept

thebook?

正：When

didyou

borrow

thebook?典型题例1._____youever____(eat)Beijingduck?2.Iwon’tgotothecinemathisSundaybecauseI_____________(see)italready.3.Where’sJim?He_____(go)toEngland.4.Myfather_________(be)toBeijingmanytimes.5.Mr.Green_____(work)heresince1989.6.We_____(know)eachotherforayear.Haveeatenhaveseenhasgonehasbeenhasworkedhaveknown7.It’salongtimesincewe____(meet)last.8.Wehavebeenhereforfouryears.(同义句)We________herefouryears_______.9.It’sfiveyearssincemygrandfatherdied.(同义句)Myfatherhas_________forfiveyears.10.Mybrotherhasbeenasoldierfortwoyears.(同义句)Myfather___________twoyearsago.met

cameagobeendeadjoinedthearmy11.It’salongtimesincewemetlast.(同义句)We__________eachotherforlongtime.12.Iboughtthewatchfiveyearsago.(同义句)I________thewatchforfiveyears.13.I’vekeptthebookfortwoweeks.(同义句)It’stwoweeks_____I_________thebook.haven’tseenhavehadsinceborrowed14.Shehasalreadyseenthefilm.(否定句)She______seenthefilm_______.15.You’veneverriddenahorse,________?(反意疑问句)16.I’vebeentoBeijingtwice.(划线提问)How_______haveyoubeentoBeijing?17.Hehaslivedhereforfouryears.(划线提问)__________hashelivedhere?18.MymotherwenttoBeijing.Shehasn’tcomebackyet.(同义句)Mymotherhas_________Beijing.hasn’tyethaveyoumanytimesHowlonggoneto七、过去完成时的用法1、概念：表示过去的过去。其结构是：had+过去分词2、过去完成时的用法：（1）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by,before,until,when等词引导的时间状语。★Bytheendoflastyearwehadbuiltfivenewhouses.★Ihadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.2）过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去。

★Beforeheslept,hehadworkedfor12hours.

实战演练1.WhenIgotthere,thebus_______already________(go).2.Thefilm__________(be)onforfiveminuteswhenIgottothecinema.3.We__________(learn)about1,000newEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.4.Bythetimewegotthere,thetrain________(leave).hadgonehadbeenhadlearnthadleft时间现在过去那时所预见的情况八、过去将来时一、基本概念：过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。

二、基本形式：would／should＋

动词原形（其中would

用于各种人称，should

常用于第一人称）。例如：

★

Theyweresuretheywouldwinthefinalvictory．

他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。

三、过去将来时的一些其它表达形式:

1.Was／were＋goingto＋动词原形

★Hesaiditwasgoingtorain．他说天要下雨了。2．过去进行时（一般多为动作概念较强的动词，如go,come,leave,start，

open,begin

等）也可用于表示将来。

★Ididn'tknowwhentheywerecomingagain．我不知道他们什么时候再来。1.MissChen___usEnglishlastterm.

A.teachesB.taughtC.willteachD.hadtaught典型例题解析B2.—Excuseme.LookatthesignNOPHOTOS!—Sorry,I_________it.A.don'tseeB.didn'tseeC.haven'tseenD.won'tseeB3.Mymother___thewindowsalready,sotheroomlooksmuchbrighter.A.hascleanedB.hadcleanedC.iscleaningD.willcleanA

4.He_______thispenforfiveyears.He_______itin1997.A.hasbought,bought.B.bought,boughtC.haskept,hasboughtD.hashad,boughtDD

5.---Peter,couldyoucomeandhelpmeinthekitchen,please?---Sorry,mum,I___LilywithherEnglish.

A.helpB.helpedC.havehelpedD.amhelping

6.—Whenwillyoutellhimthegoodnews?—Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashe____back.

A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.iscomingA7.Idon'tknowifmyfriend____.Ifhe_____,I'llletyouknow.A.comes,comesB.comes,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.willcome,willcome8.Johnsaidhe_________supper.Hewasquitefull.A.hadhadB.washaringC.hadD.haseatenCA9.There____twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave10.It____3yearssinceI___toNo.1MiddleSchool.A.is,comeB.is,havecomeC.was,cameD.is,cameAD9.Kate______tobeduntilhermother_____back.won'tgo,comeB.hadn'tgonecameC.went,cameD.didn'tgo,came10.Hisbrother_________fromhomeforalongtime.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.leftD.willleave

DB11.---IsyourEnglishteacherkindtoyou?---Yes,Listen!He______withsomeofourclassmatesoverthere.chatB.ischattingC.waschatting12.---When___you____forBeijing?---Thedayaftertomorrow.A.do…leaveB.are…leavingC.have…leftD.are…leaveBBⅡ.用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Mybrotherisn'tathomenow.He

________(go)toBeijing.He______

(be)theremanytimes.He

_______(notbe)backuntilnextweek.2.WhenIgothome,mymother______(go)outforawalk.hasgonehasbeenwon'tbehadgone3.He_________(finish)hiscompositionjustnow.4.Bytheendoflastmonth,we______(learn)tenEnglishsongs.5.

____she____(do)morningexerciseseveryday?

finishedhadlearnt

Does

do

6.Ourcountry

_____________(change)alotsince1982.9.Listen!Someone___________(sing)inthenextroom.10.Ourteachertoldustheearth_______(go)aroundthesun.haschangedissinging

goes改错专训1.Kate’sunclehasgone

toBeijing

twice.2.We’llgotothezooifitwon’t

rain

tomorrow.3.Themeetinghas

begun

for

halfanhour.hasgone---hasbeenwon’t---doesn’tbegun---beenon4.Lucywithhissister

are

flyingkites

now.5.There

isgoingto

haveameeting

tonight.6.Thedog

died

fiveyears

before.7.Howlong

haveyoubought

thepen?are---ishaveameeting---beameetingbefore---agobought---had8.Wehave

beenheresince

fouryears.9.Mybrotherhas

joined

theArmy

forthreeyears.10.Theteachersaid

thatlighttravelled

fasterthansound.11.Youhaveto

stayhere,haven’t

you?since---forjoined---beenintravelled---travelshaven’t---don’t12.Theboysaid

thathewillgotothezoothisSunday.13.Wehavelearnt1,000words

by

theendoflastterm.14.It’s

threeyears

sincewecomehere.willgo---wouldgohavelearnt---hadlearntcome---came15.Couldyoutellmehowlongyou

haveboughtthecomputer?16.Shewillgo

shoppingnextSunday

ifshewon’tbebusy.17.You’ve

nevereatenfish,doyou?havebought---havehadwon’tbe---isn’tdoyou---haveyou被动语态

(PassiveVoice)

Sentencestructure:be+done(pp.)1.(一般现在时被动式)am/is/are+done2.(一般过去时被动式)was/were+done3.(现在完成时被动式)have/has+been+done4.(一般将来时被动式)shall/will+be+done5.(情态动词被动式)can/may/must/should…+be+done6.(现在进行时被动式)am/is/are/+being+done7.(过去进行时被动式)was/were+being+done

走进中考---Thesebananaslookdifferentandtheyaresweet.---Right.They__herefromTaiwanyesterday.A.wasbroughtB.werebroughtC.bringD.arebroughtB2.---Susan,whyareyoustillhere?theyareallreadytostart.---I’msorry,butI___whentostart.A.don’ttellB.didn’ttellC.haven’ttoldD.wasn’ttold3.Theflowers____everyday,ortheywilldie.A.mustwaterB.canbewaterC.shouldwaterD.mustbewateredDD4.ThedoctorlookedoverPetercarefullyafterhe__tothehospital.A.takesB.istakenC.tookD.wastaken5.Oh,thisisreallyabigshop.Doyouknowwhenit________?A.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.hasbeenbuiltDB6.---Howcleanyourclassroomis!---Thankyou.It______everyday.A.iscleanedB.wascleanedC.wascleaningD.iscleaning7.---Thepollutionproblemhereseemstogetmoreandmoreserious.---Yes,something____withit.A.hasdoneB.mustbedoneC.isdoingD.wasdoneAB8.---What’swrongwithyou?---I_______byacaryesterday.A.washitB.hitC.ishitD.hits9.Youmaygoouttoplaywhenyourhomework_______.doesB.isdoneC.wasdoneD.did10.We_____byClass2yesterday.A.beatB.beatenC.werebeatenD.arebeatenABC8.Weshouldwatertheyoungtreeseverytwodays.(被动语态)Theyoungtreesshould__________everytwodays.9.Wecleanthewindowsofourclassroomtwiceamonth.(被动语态)Thewindowsofourclassroom____________twiceamonth.bewateredarecleaned10.Thechildrenateupalltheapplesinthebasket.(被动语态)Alltheapplesinthebasket___________upbythechildren.11.Theworkersbuiltthebridgefiveyearsago.(被动语态)Thebridge_____________fiveyearsago.wasbuiltwereeaten表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。情态动词1.can

可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测，意为“能会，可以”；can’t意为“不会，不能，不可以”，还有“不可能”之意。could为can的过去式，用法与can类似，常用于过去时中；could还可用于现在时中表示委婉客气，相当于can；could也可表示惊讶怀疑，不相信，

常用情态动词的用法(2)may表示允许、也许，意为“可以,也许,可能”。对may的一般问句的回答:★肯定回答一般是:Yes,please./SureCertainly/等，★否定回答一般是:Pleasedon't./No,youcan't/mustn't.(3)must表示必须要做的事，意为“必须，应该”。★must一般问句的否定回答用needn‘t或don’thaveto,而不用mustn’t.★mustn’t意为“不可以，不能”，表禁止，不许可。★must还可表示有把握的推测，意为“一定、肯定”。(4)

Shall,will用来征求对方意见,shall用于第一人称,

will用于第二人称，用来表示意愿;

★Shallwegototheparktomorrow?

★WillyoubefreenextSunday?(5)would,should为will，shall的过去式，would用于现在时，表示委婉提出请求、建议或看法.

★Wouldyoupleasenotdoitagain?Sorry,Iwon’tdoitagain.1.—Where'sMr.Li?Ihavesomethingimportanttotellhim.—You____findhim.He____Japan.A.maynot,hasgonetoB.maynot,hasbeentoC.can't，hasgonetoD.can't,hasbeento典型例题解析C2.—CouldIlookatyourpictures?—Yes,ofcourseyou_________.A.couldB.canC.willD.might3.—WhereisJack，please?—He______beintheclassroom.A.canB.needC.wouldD.mustBD

4.Theb