Grammar 2015届一轮复习Book4 Unit4 Body language(Ving 作定语和状语)

GrammarUnit4Bodylanguage

V-ing形式作定语和状语

一:V-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing形式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendoneV-ing形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。1.作定语

V-ing形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语,这时有两种情况。-ing形式表示“供作......之用”的意思,这类作定语的-ing形式过去叫动名词。Aswimmingpool=apoolforswimmingAsleepingcar=acarforsleeping2)

-ing形式表示“......的”意思,过去叫现在分词Asleepingchildworkingpeopletherisingsun

-ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句。如:Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.Theboystandingthereisaclassmateofmine.

Anotherexamples:1)Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.=Fourpeopleentertheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.(伴随动作)

2)Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.

=Because/Ashewaspoor,hecouldn't...

(原因)2.V-ing作状语可以表示时间,原因,结果,条件,行为方式或伴随动作等。

1)Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.条件=Ifyouuseyourhead,you'll···2)(When)Hearingthenews,hegotfrightened.=Whenheheardthenews,hegotfrightened.(时间,可以在分词前保留when)

3)Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.结果=Thechildslippedandfellandthereforehithisheadagainstthedoor4)Workinghard,you’llsurelysucceed..条件5)Theboysatinfrontofthefarm-house,cuttingthebranch.伴随6)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.方式AttentionPlease

-ing形式作状语时,它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。Timepermitting,Iwillpayavisittothewholecity.

(分词的逻辑主语是time,而句子的主语是I,两者不构成主谓关系,所以只能用独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。)Thesunshiningbrightlyinthesky,Lucywasreadingabook.(分词的逻辑主语是Thesun,而句子的主语是Lucy,两者不构成主谓关系，所以只能用独立主格结构。）AnexceptionalcaseReadthefollowingsentencesandunderlinethe-ingformineachsentencesandtellwhetheritisusedastheattributeortheadverbial.theBritishladytheColumbiantheJapanesetheCanadianShesteppedback

appearingsurprised.HisnosetouchesMr.Cook’smovinghand.1.

Shesteppedbackappearingsurprised.=Shesteppedbackandappearedsurprised.=Theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsbythewayofusingunspokenlanguage.

3.HisnosetouchedMr.Cook’smovinghand.=HisnosetouchedMr.Cook’shandwhichismoving.2.Theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingusingunspokenlanguage=Theyarevisitorswhocomefromseveralcountries.4.Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.=Thisisanexperiencewhichisexciting.5.Thisisanexcitingexperience.1.WhenheapproachedMsSmith,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher._________________MsSmith,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher.Rewritethefollowingsentences.Whenapproaching2.Thepersonwhoistranslatingthesongscanspeaksevenlanguages.Theperson__________________canspeaksevenlanguages.translatingthesongs3.Theboystandingthereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.Theboy______________thereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.whoisstanding4.BecausehecomesfromJordan,hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion.____________Jordan,hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion.Comingfrom5.Shesatatthedeskanddidherhomework.Shesatatthedesk____________________.doingherhomework

Grammarwork语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Not________(know)hisaddress,Icouldn’tgotoseehimyesterday.2.Lookoutforcarswhen_______(cross)thestreet.3.Not_________________(invite)totheparty,Marywasgreatlyhurt.knowingcrossinghavingbeeninvited4.Hedivedintothewater,______(leave)onlyhisfaceexposed.5.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor,_______(read)“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”6._______(take)adeepbreath,theydivedintothewater.7.____________(close)thewindowsandthedoor,thestudentslefttheroom.leavingreadingTakingHavingclosedGrammarquiz语法小测1.When_____differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcompared

C.comparingD.havingcomparedC2.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always______thesamething.A.sayingB.said

C.tosayD.havingsaidA3.Therearehundredsofvisitors_____infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh’spaintings.A.waitedB.towait

C.waitingD.waitC4.______,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.A.Generalspeaking

B.SpeakinggeneralC.Generallyspeaking

D.SpeakinggenerallyC5.“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted,_______away.A.run

B.running

C.torun

D.ranB

1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking

1.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.ExaminingChoosethebestanswer.

2.Mothercaughttheboy______inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smoking

3.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted4.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked

5.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin

6.Thebell_______theendoftheperiodrang,______ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted

7._______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered

8.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB