历年高考英语宾语英语宾语从句

高考英语宾语从句.宾语从句的定义学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。一、关联词在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：从属连词：that（that常可省略），whether,if连接代词：who,whose,what,which连接副词：when,where,how,why等。that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合hat可以省略）可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.在以下情况中that不能省略1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.2、 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.3、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。Ican'ttellhimthathismotherdied.4、当it作形式宾语时例句：Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim.许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。5、当宾语从句前置时Thatourteamwillwin,Ibelieve.6、当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时；由whether,if引导的宾语从句当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否"。如:Idon,tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。但在下列情况下只能用whether,不能用if：①在具有选择意义，又有or或ornot时，尤其是直接与ornot连用时，往往用whether(if…ornot也可以使用)。如：Letmeknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.(=Letmeknowwhetherornothewillcome)让我知道他是否能来。Idon,tknowwhether/ifhedoesanywashingornot(=Idon,tknowwhetherornothedoesanywashing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。②在介词之后用whether。如：I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。We,rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。③在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican'tsay.这是否真的我说不上来。⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.她是否能来还是个问题。⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.可理解为：b.Ifyoulikethebook,pleaseletmeknow.你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句1、if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”Thestudentswillgoonapicnicifitissunny.2、if引导否定概念的宾语从句时HeaskedifIdidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.3、引导状语从句evenif（即使）和asif（好象）时Hetalksasifhehasknownallaboutit.连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。②连接代词：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。连接代词一般指疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏么？ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗 ？③连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面 .Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗？Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：Idon'tknowwhowillbeourheadteachernextsemester.缺指人的主语用who，如缺指物的主语则用what。Idoubtwhatmyepalwillwritesoon.缺指物的宾语用what，如缺指人的宾语则用whom。Ithinkthatmydeskmatewillgetthroughallthemajorsubjects.句子不缺成分，用that;如果that后踉有代词，可省略that。Sheletmeknowwhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why；缺方式状语，用how。Idon'tknowwhich/whattopicIshouldchoose.缺定语，用what或which。Theteacheraskedwhether/ifIwasgettingreadyforthecomingtest.表示“是否（有，能，已经……）”等含义，用whether或if。I’dbeinterestedtoknowwhetherhewillseethemovie“Dawn”ornot.强调是否对比时，用连词whether。二、语序以从属连词（if，whether）、连接代词（what，which，who，whose）和连接副词（when，where，how，why）等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。即：连接代邮副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。例6Noonecanbesureinamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklike B.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhat D.whatlookwillmanlike例7Thebosswentuptoask.A.whatthematterwasB.what'sthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris三、时态宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应：.如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；.如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday..当从句叙述的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如：Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.例8ThemanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsoftheticketsA.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked例9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthatheofficesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleave C.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例10—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon? —No,butsometimesIwishIA.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto四、宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。例11I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynewjob.A.expected B.toexpect C.tobeexpectingD.expects例12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows.A.itwhattodowith B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit D.todowhatwithit例13Themotherdidn'tknowtoblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.when C.how D.what五、宾语从句的特殊式.复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.(whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho)ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.(whatever=anythingthat)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在此处是泛指，不可被what替代。而“Ican'trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。.it作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。动词+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause,thatclause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference.(2)动词+it+as+名词/形容词+clause。如：Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.(3)动词+it+介词+thatclause。常见的有：oweittosb.+thatclause(把 归功于某人），leaveittosb.+thatclause（把 留给某人去做），takeitforgranted+thatclause（想当然），keepitinmind+thatclause（记住 ）。如：Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe'dalwaysbearound.（4）动词+it+clause。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitrains.3.含宾语从句的反意疑问句。当陈述部分带有that引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。如：Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn'the?当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think /believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel等时，疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。如：Idon'tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,willthey?Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的，是不是？主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的，是不是？IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,won,tshe/he?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedtheproject,haven,tyou?例14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccepthelphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whatever D.whenever例15hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.Theone C.AnyoneD.Whoever例16I'dappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.it C.thisD.you例17—Idon'tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSAyou?—.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.A.had;Yes B.do;Yes C.have;No D.were;No例18Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleasedhewasamanofaction.A.which B.that C.what D.whether宾语从句练习题类型一：引导词的运用

Idon’tknowornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathomeThisdependsontheweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.if D.thatTheteacheraskedthenewstudentclasshewasinA.whichB.whereC.if D.thatIdon'tknowMrGreenwillcometoseeusHe'llhelpuswithourEnglish.A.why B.whenC.how D.where Becareful!Don'tbreakthebottles.DoyouhearIsaid?David? Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.ifDoyouknowMrBlack'saddressis? HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I'mnotsureof.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,whereThereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon'tknow.A.whatshouldIchoose B.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchoose D.whatIshouldchoose类型二：宾语从句的语序Didyoufindout?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingfor D.whosechildshewaslookingforAreyouinterestedin?howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit(3)Idon'tknow.Canyoutellme?howthetwoplayersareold B.howoldarethetwoplayersthetwoplayersarehowold D.howoldthetwoplayersare Whatdidthescientistsay? Hesaidhewonderedifintospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly(5)Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme?A. Wherethebanknearest B. whereisthenearestbankC. wherethenearestbank is D. thenearestbankiswhereSheaskedTomwithhiscar?A. whatthematterwas B. whatthematterisC.whatwasthematterD.whatisthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatisthematter类型三：时态It's7：30.Ican'tbelieveyoucookingdinneryet,Sally.A.haven'tstartedB.didn't C.don'tstartD.hadn'tstartedTheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeen D.willbeTheteachersaidthattheearthroundthesunA.goesB.goC.wentD.willgoWe'dliketotellyouthatyoutheexam.A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.pass D.willpass

“Could youtellme?” “ Yes. They tothelibrary.”A. whereare thetwins, have been B. where werethetwins,have beenC. wherethe twinsare, have gone D, where thetwinswere,have goneOurfathersaidthatheanewcomputernextweek.A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buysIhearthathetoBeijingyesterday.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegone类型四：其他 反意疑问句，it做形式宾语.Idon'tthinkheisright,?A.isn'the B.ishe C.doI D.don'tI.Hebelievessheisright,?A.doesn'the B.doeshe C.isshe D.isn'tshe.Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,?A.didn'the B.didhe C.didID.didn'tI.IfindimportantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.A.it B.this C.that D.what.Youcan'timaginewhentheyreceivedthenicegift.howtheywereexcited B.howexcitedtheywerehowexcitedwerethey D.theywerehowexcited高考题1Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?—TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.off.A.全国卷)whenPleasewhereB.thatremindmeC.how

hesaidhewas(06全国H)D.whatgoin.gImaybeintimetoseehimB.whenC.howD.what(06全国I)—TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.off.A.全国卷)whenPleasewhereB.thatremindmeC.how

hesaidhewas(06全国H)D.whatgoin.gImaybeintimetoseehimB.whenC.howD.what(06全国I)Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame(05A.whyB.whatC.whoD.thatSomeoneisringingA.whoisheB.thedoorbellGoandsee.(2000上海)

whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis5.Wehaven'theardfromJaneforalongtime.5.Wehaven'theardfromJanefor