unit 1 汉翻英的基本要求

汉翻英的基本要求1.正确理解，避免误译改正下列各句的翻译：a.我的话将完了，耽误大家时间了。Myspeechisover.Sorrytohavewastedyourtime.b.武行者心中要吃，哪里听他分说，一片声喝道：“放屁！放屁！”NowWuthepriestlongedmuchinhishearttoeat,andsohowcouldhebewillingtolistentothisexplanation?Hehellowedforth,“Passyourwind—passyourwind!”C.老大爷天天亲自送孙女上学。Thegrandpasendshisgranddaughtertotheschooleveryday.D.这种论点目前还有一定的市场。Thisargumenthassomemarketatpresent.E.湘云笑道：“阿弥陀佛！刚刚儿的明白了。”“Amitabha!”saidXiang-Yun,“Sheunderstands.”F.对于各家火锅店来说，羊肉大同小异，主要文章都在小料里。Toeveryhot-potrestaurant,muttonisprettymuchthesame,andthemainarticleisintheirsauceandingredients.G发展是硬道理。Developmentisahardreason.H.Thatguyreallyknowsathingortwo.那家伙真是略知一二。I.Hehasgotholdofthewrongendofthestick.他的棍子拿倒了。J.Youareasightforsoreeyes.你是让人望眼欲穿的人。

2.注意词汇的褒贬，语义范围，轻重等

a.他哥哥醉心于医学研究，而他弟弟却醉心于追名逐利。a.他哥哥醉心于医学研究，而他弟弟却醉心于追名逐利。Hiselderbrotherisengrossedinmedicalresearch,buthisyoungerbrotherisinfatuatedwithfameandgain.b.他那九十岁高龄的父亲已于上周去世了。c.臭名卓著的希特勒终于一命呜呼了。

b.他那九十岁高龄的父亲已于上周去世了。Hisfatherpassedawayatanadvancedageofninetylastweek.c.臭名卓著的希特勒终于一命呜呼了。NotoriousHitlerdidkickthebucketatlonglast.d.他是个苛刻的老板，要求手下的人对他忠心耿耿，鞠躬尽瘁。d.他是个苛刻的老板，要求手下的人对他忠心耿耿，鞠躬尽瘁。Asademandingboss,heexpectedtotalloyaltyanddedicationfromhisemployees.e.他作为流氓的恶名是他死后才传开的。e.他作为流氓的恶名是他死后才传开的。Hisnotorietyasarakedidnotcomeuntilhisdeath.不能翻译为hisfameasarakef.这个人私贩鸦片。1.Thismansecretlysellsopium.2.Thismanisatraffickerofopium.G.他们讲唯心论，我们讲唯物论。Theyadvocateidealism,whereaswematerialism.Theypreachidealismwhereasweadvocatematerialism.H.别了，司徒雷登。1.Goodbye,LeightonStuart!2.Farewell,LeightonStuart!

I.他们组成了两个阴谋夺取最高权力的反革命集团。Theyriggeduptwocounter-revolutionarycliquesinanattempttoseizesupremepower.I.他们组成了两个阴谋夺取最高权力的反革命集团。Theyriggeduptwocounter-revolutionarycliquesinanattempttoseizesupremepower.

必须坚持“农林牧副渔相结合”的发展方针。Wemuststicktotheprincipleofcombiningfarming,forestry,animalhusbandry,sideoccupationsandfisheryinruraldevelopment.3.注意不要重复、啰嗦

（a.意思重复或相近的词只取其一即可）A.三四个筛酒的酒保都手忙脚乱，搬东搬西。Buttheseservingmenweresobusy,theirhandsandfeetwereallinconfusion,andtheyweremovingthingshitherandthither,eastandwest.

Acoupleofwaiterswereingreathurryservingfoodanddrink.B.老伴开导我“人要衣装，佛要金装”的道理，我过去一直不以为然。Mywifehadalwaysremindedmeoftheoldsaying“itisclothesthatmaketheman”.ButIneverthoughtmuchofit.C.海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞、手足兄弟。TheChineseonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraitsareofthesamefleshandblood.D.目标的轻重缓急，孰先孰后，应仔细研究，认真考虑，反复推敲才是。Forthetarget,whichisheavyandwhichislight,whichisurgentandwhichisunhurried,andwhichisearlyandwhichislateshouldbecarefullystudied,earnestlyconsideredandrepeatedlydeliberated.

Targetprioritiesshouldbeverycarefullystudied.3.注意不要重复、啰嗦（B.省略范畴词)A.他们进行挑衅活动，制造紧张局势，必须马上停止。Theymuststopalltheirprovocationsatonce,whichcreatestensions.B.前怕狼后怕虎的态度将会使你一事无成。“Fearingdragonsaheadandtigersbehind”willresultinnothingtoyou.C.整个城市的交通状况将在五年内得到较大改善。Thetransportationofthecitywillbegreatlyimprovedduringthefiveyears.

D.他的朋友听到他家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助之手。Afterhisfriendsheardabouthisfamilydifficulties,theyofferedherahand.课堂练习1：省略范畴词1.大家都被他那种不负责任的做法激怒了。2.我们都被他的无私精神深深打动。3.他的傲慢态度使他孤立无援。4.大厅里充满了庄重的气氛。5.她的冷漠态度让很多朋友离她而去。6.对他在工作中表现出来的徇私作风谁都不满意。3.注意不要重复、啰嗦（C.省略不言而喻/华而不实的词语)A.我们的目的，一定能达到。Ourgoalwillbeattained.Ourgoalwillbeattainedcertainly.B.我们要彻底粉碎敌人的阴谋。Weshallsmashtheschemeoftheenemy.Weshallsmashtheschemeoftheenemycompletely.C.不要白白浪费这样一个千载难逢的机会。Don’twastesuchagoldenopportunity.Don’twastesuchagoldenopportunityfornothing.D.她用鼻子闻了闻那朵花。Shetookasmellattheflower.Shetookasmellattheflowerwithhernose.E.双方一致同意。Bothsidesagreed.Bothsidesagreedunanimously.F.我们应该大力加快经济改革的步伐。Weshouldaccelerateeconomicreform.Weshouldmakegreateffortstoacceleratethepaceofeconomicreform.课堂练习2.翻译下列句子，注意省略1.这是走向繁荣的最根本的道路。2.他暗暗下定决心：一定重新做人。3.中国政府郑重申明。4.这些都是骗人的谎言。5.记者纷纷飞到阿拉斯加去了。6.依法严厉打击各种犯罪活动。4.注意语言的生动形象A.你个小淘气！Youlittlerascal!

Hownaughtyyouare!B.你让我倒他妈的八辈子邪霉了。I’muptomyneckinyourbullshit.HowmisfortunateIamduetoyou.C.姑娘们听到这个好消息个个笑逐颜开。Girlswereallsmilesonhearingthegoodnews.Girlsbegantosmilehappilyonhearingthegoodnews.D.岁月不知不觉地过去了。Timegoesby.Theyearsstealby.E.他儿子当时还是一个小不点儿。Hissonwasonlyknee-hightoagrasshopper.Hissonwasonlyalittleboy.课堂练习3.比较下列翻译1.这就点燃了武装斗争的燎原之火。Thiskindledtheprairiefireinrevolutionarystruggle.Thislightedtheprairiefireinrevolutionarystruggle.2.他吓得魂不附体。Hewasterrifiedoutofhissenses.Heisveryafraid.3.法西斯的暴行激起了全世界人民极大的愤怒。Thecruelbehaviorofthefascistsrousedthepeopleintheworldtogreatanger.Theatrocitiesofthefascistsrousedthepeopleintheworldtogreatindignation.4.随着经济全球化的发展，特别是加入世界贸易组织，中国将融入世界经济的大潮。1.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,especiallyafterChina’sentryintotheWTO,Chienseeconomywillmergeintothetideoftheworldeconomy.2.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,especiallyafterChina’sentryintotheWTO,theeconomyofChinawillconvergewiththatoftheworld.5.孩子们都穿上了大衣，戴上了围巾和手套，全身都给裹得暖和和的。Thechildrenwearovercoats,putonscarvesandgloves,andthewholebodiesaresnugged.Thechildrenweresnuggedinovercoats,mufflersandmittens.6.他们你一句，我一句，说个没玩。Theytalkedonandon.Theytookturnstosayonewordafteranother,withoutstop.7.那个温度计一定不准。Thatthermometerisnotaccurate.Thatthermometermustbelying.8.那部打字机在书桌上占去的地方太多了。Thisthetypewriteristoogreedyondeskspace.Thetypewritertakesuptoomuchspaceonthedesk.9.他总算把记着招待会对付过去了。Afterall,hesurvivedthepressconference.Afterall,hedealswiththepressconference.课后作业翻译下列句子1.爱情是风花雪夜，婚姻是柴米油盐。2.本店货色齐全，品种多样，任君挑选。3.我们说，长征是历史纪录上的第一次，长征是宣言书，长征是宣传队，长征时播种机。4.我校目前尚未设博士点。5.我们相信用不了多久我们的产品就会走向世界。6.好的时候不要看得太好，坏的时候不要看得太坏。最重要的是要有远见，杀鸡取卵的方式是短视的行为。7.依法严厉打击各种犯罪活动，坚决扫除黄赌毒等社会丑恶现象。8.我们应该防止急躁情绪。9.分子处于永恒的运动状态中。10.它显示出社会主义制度的优势。翻译下面的段落可能是中国的电视小品不太容易让老百姓过上一把瘾，于是电视里有兴起把几个外国人弄到台上。导演都跟商量好了似的，让他们在台上装疯卖傻。我真纳闷，怎么到中国来的外国人一上了舞台，不是愣小子就是傻丫头啊！还有的中国演员演外国人的时候，故意说一口变了味的、怪腔怪调的中国话，听得真让人三伏天一身一身地起鸡皮疙瘩！PerhapsbecauseChinesecomicshowsonTVrarelygivetheaudienceagoodlaugh,ithasnowbecometrendytoincludeforeignersinthestoryline.Asiftherewereatacitagreementamongdirectors,theyallmaketheforeignersplaythefool.IhavestartedtowonderwhyforeignersinChina,onceonstage,turnoutwithoutexceptiontobeeitherbrainlessbabesorrecklessbrats.IntheshowswhereforeignersareplayedbyChineseperformers,theyspeakChinesewithadeliberate