Unit 8重难点知识讲义 人教版七年级英语下册

第第页Unit8Isthereapostofficenearhere?问路的表达方式总结（以询问书店的方位为例）：Excuseme.Whereisthebookshop?Excuseme.Isthereabookshopnearhere?Excuseme.Can/Couldyoutellmethewaytothebookshop?Excuseme.Can/Couldyoutellmehowtogettothebookshop?Excuseme.Can/CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothebookshop?Excuseme.Whichisthewaytothebookshop?Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellmeifthereisabookshopnearhere?即学即练：1）.________！Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?A.OKB.HelloC.ExcusemeD.sorry2）._______,AreyouMrGreen？sorryB.OKC.ExcusemeD.Hello2.Therebe句型Therebe+sb/sth+地点在某地有某人或某物（there是引导词，没有词义；be是谓语动词；某人/物是主语，地点作状语，多为介词短语）eg.Thereisabankintheneighborhood.(2)Therebe句型就近原则谓语动词be在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致。Thereissomesaladonthetable。Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.如果Therebe句型中有多个名词，be动词通常与第一个名词保持人称和数的一致。Thereisaboyandtwogirlsintheroom.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.(3)Therebe句型的一般疑问句：将be动词提到句首。肯定回答：Yes，thereis/are否定回答：No，thereisn’t/aren’t--Isthereabanknearhere?--Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.(4)Therebe句型的否定句：在be后加not.Thereisapostofficenearhear.Thereisn’tapostofficenearhear.(5)Therebe句型与have/has的区别：*Therebe句型表示客观存在;have/has表示主观拥有*Therebe句型不能与have/has连用。即学即练：

1）.There___not____milkinthecuponthetable.

A.are,many

B.are,much

C.is,many

D.is,much

2）.Howmany___arethereintheroom?

A.apple

B.students

C.milk

D.paper

3）.There'sgoingto____intomorrow'snewspapers.

A.havesomethingnew

B.havenewsomethingC.besomethingnew

D.benewsomething

4）.Howmanyboys____thereinClassone?

A.be

B.is

C.are

D.am

5）.There____alotofgoodnewsintoday'snewspaper.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

6）.There____pencil-box,twobooksandsomeflowersonthedesk.

A.isa

B.aresome

C.hasa

D.havesome

7）.____anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?

A．Isthere

B．Arethere

C．Has

D．Have

8）.Thereisnoairorwateronthemoon.Isthere?

____.

A.Yes,thereare

B.No,thereisn'tC.Yes,thereisn't

D.No,thereis

9）.____isthereonthetable?

A.Howmanyapples

B.HowmuchbreadC.Howmuchbreads

D.Howmanyfood

10）.Theremust____somethingwrongwithourclassroom.

A.are

B.has

C.is

D.be

11）.Thereissome____onthetable.

A.apple

B.orange

C.cake

D.sandwich12）.There________somesheepandtwocowsonthefarmeatinggrass.areB．isC．haveD．has3.介词（课本P115-119）：(1)acrossfrom…在……对面，后接地点名词或代词。Thereisabank____________(在对面)thelibrary.cross=goacross穿过（指从物体的表面穿过，从一边横穿到另一边，如马路）Through,意为“穿过”，侧重从某一范围内部的空间穿过，Thesunisshiningthroughthewindow.Shehastopushherwaythroughthecrowdtogettoherson.Over，越过，多指在正上方越过。从这头到那头。Theplanefliesoveramountaininthesoutheast.即学即练：1）-Look!Ablindmanisinthemiddleofthestreet.It’stoodangerous.-Let’sgoandhelphimtheroad.A.throughB.alongC.acrossD.over2）Don’tdrivesofast!Wemustslowdownwhenwedrivethetunnel(隧道).pastB.overC.acrossD.through3）Themoonlightisshiningthewindow.Everythingintheroomlookssonice.A.throughB.pastC.acrossD.over4）IoftentakeawalktheparkonSecondAvenue.acrossB.throughC.passD.cross5）Canyouswim_______theriver?A.nearB.betweenC.fromD.across6）Go______(cross)thebridgeandyou’llfinditontheleft.7）XinhuaBookshopisacrossthepayphone.A.fromB.forC.toD.at(2)nextto在…..旁边，靠近……后接地点名词或代词。1)Thepayphoneis____________(紧挨着)thelibrary.2)Thegardenisnext___myhouse.A.onB.toC.inD.at(3)between…and…在…和…之间（两者之间）1)Sheissitting______LilyandLucy.A.nearB.nexttoC.betweenD.acrossfrom2)Thepayphoneis____thepostofficeandthelibrary.inB.betweenC.nearD.front3)LucysitsonSusan’sleftandonGeorge’sright.(改为同义句)。LucysitsSusanGeorge.4)Thereisariverthetwovillages.A.betweenB.onC.alongD.front(4)infrontof在……前面（范围之外）inthefrontof在…..前面（范围之内）1)Tomsits_____theclassroomandlistenstotheteachercarefully.A.inthefrontofB.infrontofC.inthefrontD.infront(5)behind在…..后面，behindthehouse。(6)on….Street在…..街上，美式英语用on，英式英语用in。--Excuseme.Isthereapostofficenearhere?--Yes.ThereisoneWangFujinstreet.A.forB.onC.atD.next(7)along沿着，相当于down，goalongthisstreet=godownthisstreet1)Go________thisstreetandthenturnright..A.fromB.toC.downD.on2)Myfatherhasahabitofjogging_______theJinchuanRiverforanhourinthemorning,A.betweenB.alongC.overD.through3)Walkthisstreet.You’llfindtheschoolthepark.A.down;inthefrontofB.along;inthefrontofC.along;infrontofD.away;infrontof(8)down，意思也是“沿着”，相当于along。如：JustgodownNorthRoadandturnleft.1）JustgostraightFourthAvenue.Thecinemais.A.along;intherightB.down;intheleftC.down;ontheleftD.along;onright2)GodownthisstreetandturnrightinZhongshanAvenue.(改为同义句)thisstreetandturnrightinZhongshanAvenue.3）沿着新大街一直走，超市就在你的左边。NewStreet,andthesupermarketis.※另补充：表示方位的in，on,to的区别：1）In表示在某一地区之内的某方位（属于该范围）；FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.To表示在某一地区之外的某方位（不属于该范围）；SingaporeistothesouthofChina.On表示与某地的毗邻关系。RussiaisonthenorthofChina.4.turnleft1)Turn在此处是动词，表示“转弯；转变方向”。Turnleft意为“向左转”，turnright/left向右转/左转(right/left是adv.)It’sone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事turnon打开（电灯，电视等）turnoff关掉（电灯，电视等）2)ontheright/left在右边/左边(right/left是n.)即学即练：1）--Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothebusstation?--Gostraightandright.You’llseeit.A.turningB.turnC.toturnD.turns2)Justgostraightandturn.Thehotelis.A.right;rightB.right;ontherightC.ontheright;rightD.right;totheright3)ThehotelisdownBridgeStreet____theright.inB.onC.atD.to5.1)payv支付，付钱*payfor+物“付钱买某物”*pay+钱+for+物“付多少钱买某物Shepays5yuanforthebooks.2)spendtimewithsb和某人共度时光1)Englishisalittledifficult.Imustspendmoretimeit.A.inB.atC.onD.for2)-Doyoualwaysspendalotoftimecomputer?No,butIspendmuchtimedoingmyhomework.A.on,inB.in,inC.in,onD.on,on3)-Doyouoftengetonline?-Yes.Ilotsoftimeonit.It’sagoodwaytokilltime.A.costB.spendC.takeD.use4)Ienjoyplayingcomputergames,butIcan’ttoomuchtimethat.take,doingB.spend,fordoingC.spend,doingD.take,todo5)HowmuchdoestheticketfromShanghaitoBeijing?A.costB.takeC.spendD.pay6.Togetthere,IusuallywalkoutandturnrightonBridgeStreet.Todo短语表示目的，意为“要做……的话”Togetgoodgrades,youmuststudyhardeveryday.1）-WhatdoyouthinkofNewYorkcity?-Itisagoodplace.A.havefunB.havingfunC.tohavefunD.forfunny2）.Mommakesmeeatanappleeverydaythedoctorsaway.A.keeps B.iskept C.tokeep D.kept7.You’rewelcome不客气当别人向你道谢时的应答语。表示不用谢的用语还有：That’sallright/Notatall/It’sapleasure.交际用语总结：A:在某一方面做得好或取得了某一成绩或成功B:Welldone./Congratulations.真棒。/祝贺。如：-Mum,Igotan“A”intheEnglishexamtoday.Welldone!A:请求对方帮忙B:Withpleasure.乐意效劳。如：-CouldyouhelpmelookafterthecatwhileIisnotathome?Withpleasure!A:将要去旅行或度假B:Haveagoodtrip/Haveagood(great,wonderful,nice)time/Enjoyyourself(yourselves)/Havefun.如：-WeareflyingtoBeijingforthesummervacationnextweek.Haveagoodtrip!A:表示感谢、是否介意、请求或为某事到歉B:Notatall.如：-I’msorryforbreakingyourglassonthetable./Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?/Thanksforhelpingmesomuch.-Notatall.没关系。/当然可以./不用谢。Withpleasure和It’sapleasure.的区别：It’sapleasure.=You’rewelcome.用语回答“Thankyou…”,用于事情发生之后；Withpleasure.=Noproblem.=Allright.=I’dliketo.用于别人请求你做某事，你很乐意去做时。用于事情发生之后。即学即练：①-Sally,IamgoingtoShanghaitomorrow..A.WelldoneB.Withpleasure.C.Haveagoodtrip.D.Notatall.②—Thankyouverymuch,Eric!--__________.A.I’msorryB.You’rewelcomeC.HereyouareD.Idon’tknow8.busyadj忙的bebusydoingsth=bebusywithsth忙于做某事Heisbusy_____(do)hishomework.9.enjoyv喜欢–enjoyableadj高兴的enjoysth喜欢某物enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagood/greattime玩得高兴①Tomenjoys________(play)soccer.②JimandSunsanenjoy_______(watch)TV.③Doyouenjoy_____Englishinourclass,MrGreen?A.teachB.teachesC.toteachD.teaching④Boysandgirls,didyouenjoy （你们）duringthevacation（在假期期间）？⑤PeterandSimonenjoyed(他们)attheEnglishpartylastnight.10.letsbdosth让某人做某事Letme________(help)you.let’sdosth让我们一起做某事Let’s________(go)toschool.11.tellv告诉tellsbaboutsth告诉某人关于某事tellsbtodosth告诉某人去做某事tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要去做某事12.1)thewayto+地点去….的路Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?2)Onthewayto+地点在去….的路上Weareonthewaytoschool.3)Bytheway顺便说一下Bytheway，doyouknowwhenwewillhavetheEnglishtest?①-Excuseme.Doyouknowthewaythepark?-Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.ofB.forC.toD.togo13.hopev希望 hopetodosth希望去做某事IhopetovisitBeijing.hope+that从句IhopethatIcanvisitBeijing.①Ihopeyou______agoodtime.A.tohaveB.haveC.hasD.having14.takeawalk=haveawalk=goforawalk散步①--Let’s_____.–Allright.A.takeawalkB.takewalkC.totakewalkD.totakeawalk15.welcometo+地点欢迎到某地来Welcome____mybirthdayparty.atB.inC.toD./拓展练习题一.A.lookedafterA.lookedafterB.eatC.canD.near B. C. D.（1).Shetookcareofhergrandpawhenshewasfree.

（2).Areyousureheisabletodotheworkbyhimself.（3).Mum,I’mhungry.CanIhavesomecakes?（4).Jack,pleasecomeandsitbytheteacher.二.从下面四个选项中选出正确答案。（1）Johnwantstobuyabighousethreeroomsforhisparents.A.throughB.withC.inD.on(2）Iwanttofindahouse__________manytreesaroundit.A.withB.haveC.hasD.thereare(3)—Whichwouldyoulike，teaorcoffee?—Either________OK，butIprefercoffee________milk.A．is；withB．is；toC．are；withD．are；to(4)-Canwerunacrosstheroadnow?-No,we.Wehavetowaituntilthelightturnsgreen.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.shouldn’t(5)-LiLei,hurryup!Thebusiscoming!-Oh,no.Weacrossthestreetuntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.needn’tD.haveto(6)ItisveryimportantforusEnglishwell.learnB.learningC.tolearnD.learned(7)Wecangothereonfoot.Twokilometersnotfar.areB.isC.amD.be(8)-Howmuchisthepairofshoes?-Twentydollarsenough.A.isB.areC.amD.be(9)—Davidhasbeenawayformorethan25days.--Imisshimverymuch.Youknow,25days_______short.A.is B.isn’t C.are D.aren’t(10)Thereinthelargebowls.A.aresomericesB.issomericeC.hassomeeggsD.havesomenoodles(11)Thereisabeautifulgarden________fifthavenue.A．onB．inC．atD．with三.用词的适当形式填空。（1）Everyyearmany(visit)cometovisittheWestLakeinHangzhou.（2）Centerparkisagoodplace(play)theguitar.（3)Iamveryhungry.Canyougivemesomething(eat)?（4)Icanfindthehotel________(easy).（5)Youshouldturnrightatthesecond______(cross).（6)Ithinkmoney________(benot)everything.（7)Ilovetowatchmonkeys_______(climb)trees.五.短文填空。从下面方框中选出10个单词，用它们的适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次）。请按编号将答案依次填入下边的表格内。incarproblematdodrivebecitytrainbusruletestInAmerica,drivingisawayoflife.Busyfamiliesoftenhavemorethanonecar.It’snotbecausethere(1).________nopublictransportationinAmerica.Therearetaxis,buses,andsubwaysinmany(2).________.Someschoolsevenhave(3).________totakestudentstoschool.Mostpeoplefinditismuchmoreconvenienttodrive,althoughtheymayfacetraffic(4).________.YoungpeopleinAmericaoftengettheirdriver’slicenses(5).________theageof16bypassingawrittentestandadriving(6).________.Forteenagers,beingableto(7).________andevenhavingtheirown(8).________isgreat.Driversneedtofollowroad(9).________.HerearesomeinAmerica:(10).________cutinfrontofothercars.Drivewithinthespeedlimited.FollowallroadsignsandpoliceofficersUnit8语法课前检验：(17)1.图书馆在邮局的对面。Thelibraryis________________the___________________.2.在公园附近有餐馆吗？Is_________arestaurant_________the___________?3.紧挨着银行有一家旅馆。There__________ahotel________________thebank4.投币电话应在医院后面。The__________phoneis__________the___________.在警察局前面有很多树。Thereare____________trees_______________________thepolicestation.1.acrossfrom；postoffice2.there;near;park3.is;nextto4.pay;behind;hospital5.many;infrontof【教材原句】1.——Isthereabanknearhere?这附近有医院吗？——Yes,thereis.It’sonBridgeStreet.是的，有。它在大桥街上。2.——Arethererestaurantsnearhere?这附近有餐馆吗？——Yes,there’soneinfrontofthepostoffice.是的，在邮局前面有一个。3.Thereisazooinmyneighborhood.在我的街区有一个动物园。.以上含有be句型的句子，表示某处某物。（there；有/存在）【语法透析】一、构成Therebe…句型，表示的是“某处存在某物或某人，其结构为”Therebe（is，are;willbe;was,were）+名词+地点状语。例如：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、各种句型1.肯定句：_______________________________________________否定句：_______________________________________________________not是副词，no为形容词，nota/an/any+n.相当于no+n.例如：Thereisanorangeinherbag.→Thereisnoorangeinherbag.→Thereisnotanorangeinherbag.Therearesomebirdsinthetree.→Therearenobirdsinthetree.→Therearenotanybirdsinthetree.3.一般疑问句：_______________________________________________肯定回答：Yes,therebe.否定回答：No,therebenot(缩写).例如：Thereissomewaterintheglass.______________________________________________________________________________________________注意：肯定句变为否定句或一般疑问句时，句中的some应改为any。4.特殊疑问句：(1)对therebe结构中名词的数量来提问：当对可数名词的量提问时：Howmany+可数名词复数+arethere+地点状语？当对不可数名词的量提问时：Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+地点状语？例如:：Therearefortyshopsonthestreet._______________________________________________Thereisabirdinthetree._______________________________________________Thereissomebreadonthistable._______________________________________________(2)对therebe结构中的名词(主语)提问时，常省略there。指物：Whatis+地点状语？指人：Whois+地点状语？例如：Therearemanybooksonthedesk.→What’sonthedesk?Therearethreeboysintheroom.→Who’sintheroom?三、用法1.therebe句型中be：______________________________________例如：Thereisabasketballinthebox.Therearemanypeopleinthehall.2.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，即“_______________________________”。例如：Thereisanappleandsomebananasinthebasket.Threaresomebananasandanappleinthebasket.四、therebe与have/has的区别1.therebe句型表示“某处存在某物或某人”，表示“有”时，侧重于客观，此时不强调此物归谁所有。例如：Therearetwomenintheoffice.2.have/has(got)表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，侧重于主观，此时强调“所属关系“，主语多是人。例如：Hehasgottwosons.3.二者有时可能通用，表示“某物本身拥有……”。例如：Aweekhassevendays.=Thereareseverndaysinaweek.Theclassroomhastendesks.=Therearetendesksintheclassroom.【试题链接】Therestillsomeapplej