高中英语北师大版Uint7Thesea 第七单元过关检测a

第七单元过关检测AⅠ.阅读理解A导学号53090024Manypeoplebelievesharksaredangerousandwillalwaystrytohurtorevenkillfact,94percentoftheworld’sspeciesareharmlesstohumans.AsharkexhibitionattheNationalAquarium(水族馆)inBaltimore,USprovescantouchyoungsharks,seetheireggsdevelopandwatchadozendifferentspeciesswimsmoothlyaroundahugetank.Mostpeoplefailtorealizethatsharkattacksdon’thappenveryaremorelikelytobekilledbylightningthanbyashark.Andtomakethispointclear,themuseumhassetupaspecialtouchingpoolforchildren.There,kidscanlearn,fromanearlyage,nottofearcanwatchthemdevelopinsidetheeggsandfeeltheskinsofthem.“Peoplefearwhattheydon’tknow,”saidNancyHotchkiss,anorganizeroftheexhibition,whichrunstillDecember.“Sharkshavebeenaroundfor400millionyearsandplayanimportantroleintheocean’sfoodwantpeopletodiscoverthatsharksareamazinganimalsthatneedourrespectandprotection.”It’sshockingthat100millionsharksarekilledeveryyearbyhumansaroundtheworld.Astudy,publishedinJanuaryintheUSmagazineScience,foundthatalmostallrecordedsharkspecieshavefallenbyhalfinthepasteighttofifteenyears.ThousandsofsharksarehuntedinAsiaforspecialfoods,suchassharkfinmanyothersgetcaughtinnets,whilefishermenarehuntingotherthanhalfofallsharksaresmallerthanonemetrelong.“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean,”saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium’soceanhealthprogram.“Thefishermenthrewthemawaylikerubbish.”Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashavetakenmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.mainpurposeofthesharkexhibitionisto.

howsharksarebornanddevelopintheoceanpeopleknowmoreaboutsharksandprotectthemchildrenlearnnottofearsharksfromanearlyagehowsharkspecieshavefalleninthepastfewyears答案:B提示:推理判断题。从文章的第二段和第四段可以推出答案。thelastparagraphbutone,theunderlinedword“them”refersto.

sharksboatsnets methods答案:A提示:词义推断题。从倒数第三段的“Morethanhalfofallsharksaresmallerthanonemetrelong.”和倒数第二段的“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean,”saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium’soceanhealthprogram.“Thefishermenthrewthemawaylikerubbish.”可以得知答案。doesDaveSchofieldmeanbysaying“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean”?sharkscannotbecaughtbysomefishingmethods.smallsharkscanbecaughtbysomefishingmethods.oceanisbeingmadecleanerbysomefishingmethods.manysharksarebeingkilledbysomefishingmethods.答案:D提示:推理判断题。从后三段可以看出:渔民使用的猎捕方法,使得无论大小的猎物他们都能捕获出,这种情况让人担忧。canbeinferredfromthepassagethatthewriteris.

toknowsharksalwayshurtpeopletoknowsharksareharmlesstopeopleaboutthepresentsituationofsharkspeciestoknowtheoceanisbecomingmuchcleaner答案:C提示:推理判断题。从短文最后一段“Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashavetakenmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.”可以推测出答案。B(2023江苏,C)ElNiño,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild,”wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundNiñoseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffects,bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanycountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiños,onbalance,thantheystudyfoundthatastrongNiñoin1997-98helpedAmerica’seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests:farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextratotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinmulti-yeardrought(干旱)insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNiñomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNiño,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundthesuchNiñoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscantotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基础设施)canreducethespreadofsewers(下水道)makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineaftertoapaperin2023byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNiño’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthetherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingthepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNiño,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.【语篇导读】本文共420词,是一篇说明文。厄尔尼诺一词源自西班牙文ElNiño,原意是“小男孩”或“小女孩”,也指圣婴,用来表示在赤道太平洋东部和中部海域海水出现异常增暖的现象。厄尔尼诺现象所造成的影响是多方面的:既有捕鱼量下降、洪水泛滥、森林大火、严重干旱、冲突与战争等灾害性影响,又有部分富裕国家农业增收,经济增长等利好影响。文章同时指出,厄尔尼诺现象是可以预测的,政府可以采取针对性措施做好灾害的预防工作。canwelearnaboutElNiñoinParagraph1?isnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.takesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.forcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.seesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.答案:D提示:细节理解题。第一段概括说明了厄尔尼诺现象名字的来源,发生的时间、地点、现象的成因等内容。A项错在...isnamedafterafisherman这一说法,原文是“...wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermen”;B项错在almosteveryyear,原文为everytwotosevenyears;C项错在stop一词,原文的内容是reducedtheamountoffishescaught,并非停止捕鱼。D项可以从原文中“backeastwards”和“normallyblowwestwards”等关键词归纳出“thechangesofwaterflowdirection”这一结论。mayElNiñosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?harvestsinrichcountriesfall.becomemoreharmfulthanfloods.countries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.countriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.答案:C提示:细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Richcountriesgainmore...”排除A项,错误点出在fall一词;B项的说法没有根据,文章中并没有做出对比;D项错在less一词,从文章第二段和第三段的说明可知,一些贫困的国家,如印度尼西亚,遭受到严重的干旱,影响了国家的经济发展。C项的题源句为第二段中“RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiños,onbalance,thantheylose.”,句意为“总的来说,富裕国家得大于失。”dataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat.

investmentshouldgotoriskreductionofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidofElNiñodeservemorecompensationandreconstructionshouldcomefirst答案:A提示:推理判断题。题源句为:AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.句意为:然而根据海外研究所提供的数字,在过去的20年里,相比于灾后恢复和重建,只有12%的赈灾资金用于事先的减灾预防。just的内涵意义是“言其少”,因此选择A项。B、C项文章没有提及,D项弄反了作者的观点。istheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?introduceElNiñoanditsorigin.explaintheconsequencesofElNiño.showwaysoffightingagainstElNiño.urgepeopletoprepareforElNiño.答案:D提示:作者意图题。作者首先简要介绍了厄尔尼诺现象,列举了其危害性,进而引出作者写作的真实意图:厄尔尼诺现象是可预报、可预防的,因此政府部门以及有关人员应该积极行动起来做好灾害的防范工作。A、B、C三项都属于以偏概全,以事实细节代替写作目的。CHaveyouevertakenatestthatyouthoughtyoucouldhavepassedeasily,onlytomakesomesillymistakesthatreallyhurtyourgrade?Morethanafewstudentshavedonesomeseemtodoitoverandoveragain.Thereareseveralproblemareasthatcancausestudentstogoofupordopoorlyinatestthattheycouldhavepassed.

Somestudentscanbecomeoverconfidentintheirknowledgeofthesubjectthinktheyknowthematerialbetterthantheyactuallyiseasyforstudentstomisjudgetheirownknowledge,andwhentheyrealisethattheydon’tknowthematerial,itistoolate.Whathappensmoreoften,though,isthatsomestudentsfeelthattheyaresmartenoughtobeabletoguesstheirwaythroughatheydon’tbotherstudyingtheareoverconfidentintheirabilitytounderstandthings.Ineithercase,overconfidencecanresultinlowergradesinthisapplytoyou?Anotherthingthatcanhappenisthatstudentsunderestimatethedifficultyoftheexpectaneasytest,buttheteacherthrowsinarealtoughtestthattheyhaven’tpreparedtheteachermaycovermaterialinthetestthatstudentsweren’tcanhappen,especiallyiftheyweren’tpayingattentioninclass.Finally,therearestudentswhodon’tfeelthatgettingagoodgradeisimportanttothem,sotheydon’tbothertostudyoreventrytodostudentsmaybetryingtopunishtheirparents,haveapoorimageofthemselves,orarejustplain,youarenotoneofthesestudents.writerbelievesthatmanystudents.

afraidofexams carelessmistakeshomework confidence答案:B提示:根据第一段的第一句话可知答案。doestheunderlinedphrase“goofup”mean?overconfident.nervous.sillymistakes.wrongchoices.答案:C提示:此段承接上一段的内容,分析学生为什么会在考试中犯一些较傻的错误。由此推断该词的意义应为makesillymistakes。tothewriter,whowillbemostunwillingtotryhisbestinatest?,dissatisfiedwithhisparents.,expectinganeasytestforhim.,believingheisthesmartestintheclass.,beingoverconfidentabouthisability.答案:A提示:文章最后说“Suchstudentsmaybetryingtopunishtheirparents...”,即不满意父母的学生会不努力考试,以此来惩罚其父母。wouldbediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?causesofoverconfidence.causesofapoorself-image.toprepareforatest.toavoidgoofingupatest.答案:D提示:整篇文章重点说明了学生在考试过程中会出现一些较傻的错误这一现象,并分析了原因,接着可能要说明如何去避免这种现象的发生。D导学号53090025Onetypeoffishisnamedthesalmon(大马哈鱼).Therearemanydifferentkindsofsalmon,butalmostallofthemmate(交配)inaverystrangeareborninsmall,freshwaterliveintheriverforayear,andthenswimdownstreamtoabiggerriverandeventuallytothethesaltwater,theyeatconstantlyandgrowverytheyliveintheocean,salmonaresilvercolored.Afterseveralyearsatsea,thesalmongrowverylongand,asifbymagic(魔法),theyallbegintoswimsalmonsomehowrememberswhereitwasbornandswimstotheverysameareainthesmallriver.

Itisalong,difficultjourneythesalmonenterfreshwater,theystopalsochangesalmonturnred,othersbrownandgrey,andsometurnsalmongrowalargebulgeontheirback,calledasalmonfighttoswimupstreamagainstthecurrent(水流)ofsometimesverypowerfuljumpoverwaterfallsandhavetoavoidbears,birds,andfishermen.Finally,thesalmonthatsurvivemateinthesameriverinwhichtheywere,afterallthatwork,theydie!Thesesalmonstillplayanimportantdeadbodieshelptoprovidenutritiontotheanimalsthatliveinandaroundthetheireggshatch,thecyclewillstartagain.Paragraph2,theunderlinedwords“asifbymagic”suggestthat.

magicianhelpssalmonknowshowsalmonfindtheirwayhomeauthordoesn’tknowmuchaboutsalmonaremagic答案:B提示:猜测词义题。asifbymagic意为“似乎被一种神奇的力量指引”,即作者对大马哈鱼能准确无误地游回自己的出生地感到不可思议。ofthefollowingdonotsalmondowhentheyreenterfreshwater?changecolors.stopeating.growbulgesontheirbacks.growteeth.答案:D提示:细节理解题。根据第三段前半部分可知前三项都是大马哈鱼历经艰辛重新回到淡水后的变化,第四项在本段中没有信息支持。fromthepassage,whydosalmoneatalotwhiletheyareintheocean?Because.

needtohaveenoughenergytoreturnhomeneverstopswimmingareafraidofbearsdifferentwatermakesthemhungry答案:A提示:推理判断题。第三段第二句提到大马哈鱼进入淡水后就停止进食,本段后半部分则是它们在回家途中需要逆流而上,而且还要跳过瀑布,由此可推测它们在海洋中大量吃东西的原因是为以后返回出生地积聚能量。Ⅱ.七选五导学号53090026Itisreportedthatalthoughourgenesandenvironmentplayanimportantrole,howhappywearelargelydependsonourchoicesandfollowingarejustseveralareasthattendtomakeabigdifferencetopeople’shappiness.TakeapositiveattitudePositiveemotions—likejoy,gratitude,satisfaction,inspirationandpride—don’tjustfeelgoodwhenweexperiencethem.16Soalthoughweneedtoberealisticaboutlife’supsanddowns,ithelpstofocusonthegoodaspectsofanysituation—theglasshalffullratherthantheglasshalfempty.

Acceptwhoyouareandwhatyouare17Learningtoacceptourselvesandbeingkindertoourselveswhenthingsgowrongwillincreaseourenjoymentofalsohelpsusacceptothersastheyatrustedfriendorcolleaguetotellyouwhattheythinkyourrealstrengthsare.18

19

Caringaboutothersisfundamentaltoourotherpeopleisnotonlygoodforthem;it’sgoodforusmakesushappierandcanhelptoimproveouralsocreatesstrongerconnectionsbetweenpeopleandhelpstobuildahappiersociety.TakepartinsomethingbiggerPeoplewhohavemeaningandpurposeintheirlivesarealsoexperiencelessstress,anxietyanddepression.20Itmightcomefromdoingajobthatmakesadifference,orspiritualbeliefs,orouranswersmaybedifferentforeachofusbuttheyallinvolvebeingconnectedtosomethingbiggerthanourselves.

broadersocialnetworksbringasenseofbelonging.isperfect.themacallorofferyoursupport.tomakemoreuseofthese.alsohelpusperformbetter,andimproveourphysicalhealth.wheredowefindmeaningandpurpose?thingsforothers.答案:16~20EBDGFⅢ.完形填空导学号53090027WhenIwas12yearsold,Iwentwithmydadtohiswork—acarwaswanderingaroundand21apoorwomanwithachildinherarmsstanding22thesawthatshewas23.My24wentoutandaskedthewomanto25totheofferedhersomewaterandthen26herwhatwaswrong.

Thewomansaidthather27haddiedsomemonthsagoandthatshedidn’thaveanyoneelseinherfamilywhocould28didsomemanuallaborto29somemoneytotakecareofherdaughterbutherdaughterwas30forthelastthreedaysandshewas31togotoshedidn’thaveagrainoffoodtoshewasrelating(讲述)herstorytomyfather,shewasunableto32heremotionsandstartedcryingfatherandIwere33movedbyherstory.

Wegotsome34forherandherdaughtertofatherthentookthemtothenearest35forherdaughtertobetreatedbutherdaughterdidnotseemtobeverytheway,we36hera5kgbagofwheatfromthefathergavehersomemoneybeforewewomanwasso37.

Itiseightyearslater,butthateventisstillso38inmyfather’s39tothiswomaninspiredmedeeplyandsincethen,Ihavedecidedtowalkasimilarpathand40others.

答案:A提示:从下一句中的“Isawthat...”可知此处是指“我看到了……”。see是及物动词,表示看的结果;look是不及物动词。故选A项。 答案:D提示:从下文作者的父亲让这位妇女进入展室可看出,那位妇女是在展室的外面。24空后的“wentoutandaskedthewoman”也是提示。 答案:B提示:从第二段倒数第二句中的“shewasunableto32heremotionsandstartedcryingagain”可看出,那位妇女在外面哭。

答案:D提示:根据第一句中的“Iwentwithmydad”可知,是作者的父亲走了出去。out in 答案:C提示:由下文可知,此处表示父亲让那位妇女到展室里来。comein“进入”,后面可跟介词,再加宾语;enter也是“进入”的意思,是及物动词,可直接跟宾语;reach“到达”是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语;goout“出去”,不符合语境。 答案:A提示:从下文的“whatwaswrong”可知,是作者的父亲询问那个妇女怎么了。ask“询问”,符合语境。tell“告诉”;request“请求”;require“要求”。 答案:B提示:从下文的“shedidn’thaveanyoneelseinherfamilywhocould28didsomemanuallaborto29somemoneytotakecareofherdaughter”可推知,是她的丈夫去世了,家里没有人帮助她了。

答案:B提示:由于丈夫去世,家里再没有别人能帮助(help)她了。 答案:C提示:从本句的“Shedidsomemanuallaborto29somemoneytotakecareofherdaughter”可以看出,她是通过干体力活来赚钱照顾女儿的。earnmoney“赚钱”,符合语境。

答案:D提示:从第三段中的“Myfatherthentookthemtothenearest35forherdaughtertobetreatedbutherdaughterdidnotseemtobeverywell.”可以看出,她的女儿生病了。故选D项。

答案:C提示:因为女儿生病了,所以她没法去工作了。unable“无法”,符合语境。 答案:B提示:从下文的“andstartedcryingagain”可以看出,她控制不住自己的情绪。control“控制”,符合语境。 答案:A提示:作者和父亲被深深地感动了。deeply“深深地”,符合语境。gradually“逐渐地”;finally“最后”;lately“最近”。 答案:D提示:从本句的“forherandherdaughtertoeat”可以看出,作者和父亲给她们了一些吃的。故选D项。shop 答案:B提示:从下文的“forherdaughtertobetreatedbutherdaughterdidnotseemtobeverywell”可以看出,作者的父亲带她们到了医院(hospital)。 答案:B提示:从下文的“hera5kgbagofwheatfromthemarket”可以看出,是从市场上给她们买了五千克的小麦。find“发现”;buy“买”;sell“卖”;give“给”。 答案:A提示:从上文可知,作者的父亲给她们买吃的,带她们去医院,还送给她们钱,所以这位妇女很感激。grateful“感激的”,符合语境。 答案:D提示:已经过去八年了,那件事情在作者的脑海里依然像刚刚发生的一样。fresh“新的”。 答案:C提示:父亲的善良深深地鼓舞着作者。从前面父亲帮助那位妇女这件事可看出父亲的善良。kindness“善良”,符合语境。 答案:C提示:作者受父亲的影响,也去帮助别人。serve“服务”,符合语境。Ⅳ.语法填空导学号53090028ZhengHe,oneofChina’smostfamous41(explore),ledhisfleettocountriesveryfarawayattheendofthefourteenthshipscarriedsometreasurestogivetotherulersofthe42(neighbour)countriesasgiftsinaddition43thenecessaryZhengHe’sfirstvoyage,they44(hit)byafleetwasgoingtosink45astrangelightappearedatthetopoftheships’thestormstrangelightwas46(probable)electricityfromthethesailorsinZhengHe’sfleetconsidereditasasignof47(protect)fromthegodssotheywerewillingtofollowZhengHewhereverhe1405to1433ZhengHecompletedsevenwell-knownHebroughtbackmanygiftsfromthecountriesthathevisited,themostfamousonesof48wereagiraffeandaHewas62yearsoldwhenhereturnedfromhis49(seven)managed50(share)thegloryofChinawithmanydifferentbecameoneofChina’smostfamoussailorsbecauseofthestoriesofhistravels.

答案:hitshareⅤ.短文改错(202