高中英语人教版Unit5Thepowerofnature-参赛作品

选修6Unit5Thepowerofnature要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．volcanon．火山

2．eruptvi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruptionn．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发

3．alongsideadv.在旁边；沿着边prep.在……旁边；沿着……的边

4．appointvt.任命；委派→appointmentn．约定；任命

5．evaluatevt.评估；评价；估计→evaluationn．评估6．waven．波浪；波涛vi.波动；起伏；挥手

7．absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的→absolutelyadv.绝对地

8．suitn．一套外衣；套装；vt.适合；使适宜→suitableadj.合适的

9．potentialn．潜在性；可能性；潜能adj.可能的；潜在的

10．actualadj.实在的；实际的→actuallyadv.实际地11．shootvt.射中；射伤→shotn．射击；枪炮声

12．anxiousadj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiouslyadv.不安地→anxietyn．担心；焦虑；渴望

13．panicvi.&vt.惊慌n．惊慌；恐慌→panicked(过去式/过去分词)

14．diverseadj.多种多样的；不同的→diversityn．多种多样；多样性

15．appreciationn．欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciatevt.欣赏；感激

16．guaranteevt.保证；担保●重点短语1．becomparedwith...与……相比

2．protect...from...保护……免受……伤害

3．beappointedas被委派为……

4．burntotheground全部焚毁

5．beabouttodosth.即将做某事；马上就要做某事

6．makeone’sway前往7．beanxiousabout对……忧虑/不安

8．glancethrough匆匆看一遍

9．varyfrom...to...由……到……不等

10．givebirthto生产；产生●重点句型1．Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation,Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。

2．Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.

我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。3．Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience,_Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.

另外两人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。

4．Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.

据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。●高考范文

(2023·北京)请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

InanEnglishspeechcompetition,youareaskedtodescribethefollowingpictureandexplaintothejudgeshowyouunderstandit._________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________[范文]

FromthepictureIcanseeapairofproudcompassesandahardworkingpencil.Thecompassesarebig,drawingacirclewithease,whilethepencilissmall,drawingalinewithgreateffort.Ithinkthecompassesarereasonabletobeproudbecausenooneelsecandothejobbetter.Atthesametime,however,heshouldrealizethepencilhashisownadvantages.Thepencilcandoothershapesbetterthanthecompasses,evenpictures.Soinmyopinion,whileweareconfidentinourselves,weshouldrecognizestrengthsinothersandshowduerespectforthem.考点探究互动探究·能力备考Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1．appointvt.任命；委派appointmentn．任命；约会

appointsb.to＋职位任命某人担任某职位

appointsb.as...任命某人为……

appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事

appointatime/placefor为……约定时间/地点

makeanappointment约会；约定

keep/breakanappointment守(失)约[即学即练1](1)Thepresident__________anewdirector.总经理任命了一位新主任。

(2)We__________him(______/____________)chairman.我们选他担任主席。

(3)Theteacher__________me____________theroll.老师指派我点名。appointedappointedastobeappointedtocall(4)Thetime_________________themeetingwas10：30.规定的开会时间是10点30分。

(5)I’ve_____________________________________aclientandmaynotcomebackforsupper.

我和一个客户约了晚上见面，可能不会回来吃晚饭了。appointedformadeaneveningappointmentwith2．suitn．一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜

suitsth.tosth.使某物适合于另一事物

besuitedfor/to...适合……

besuitableforsb./sth.适合于某人/某物

besuitabletodosth.适合做某事[即学即练2](1)Wouldit________youtocomeatfive?你五点钟来行吗？

(2)Ifyouwanttogobybus,that______me______.如果你想坐公共汽车，那对我很方便。

(3)______thepunishment______thecrime,Isay.喂，要按罪量刑。suitsuitsfineSuitto(4)Heandhiswife________________________eachother.他和妻子十分般配。

(5)Thehouse______notreally_______________alargefamily.这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。arewellsuitedtoissuitablefor3．anxiousadj.令人担心的，忧虑的，焦急的anxietyn.焦虑；担心；渴望

beanxiousabout为某事忧虑、担心

beanxiousfor渴望某事

beanxioustodo渴望……，急于……

beanxious(forsb.)todo...渴望(某人)做……

beanxiousthat渴望……[即学即练3](1)Helen____________________travellingonherown.海伦对自己一个人出门旅行感到担心。

(2)Peggy__________________________thatshecancopewithextraresponsibility.

佩吉急切地想表明她能承担额外的职责。

(3)Maryhas____________________yourreturn.玛丽急切地盼你回来。isanxiousaboutisanxioustoshowbeenanxiousfor辨析：anxious/eager

(1)anxious强调“担心”或“焦虑”，对结果感到不安。

(2)eager强调“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思。4．panicn.惊慌，恐慌vi.十分恐慌vt.使恐慌(panicked;panicked)

bein(a)panic在惊慌中

beseizedwithapanic惊慌失措

amomentofpanic一时惊慌

causeapanic引起恐慌

inastateofpanic惊恐之状

panicoversth.对某事感到惊慌

odoingsth.使某人仓促行动[即学即练4](1)Thecrowdranout__________________.群众惊慌失措地跑出去。

(2)She________________________whenherteacherwalkedtowardsher.当她见到老师向她走来时，她变得惊慌失措。

(3)Theideamight______theinvestors.这个想法可能会使投资者惶恐不安。inapanicgotintoapanicpanic5．guaranteevt.保证……免受损失或伤害；确保n.保证；保证书

guaranteesb.against/from..保证某人免受损害、危险等

guaranteetodosth.保证去做某事

guaranteesth.tosb.向某人担保/保证某事

beguaranteedtodosth.必定做某事

givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人担保……

(be)underguarantee在保修期内[即学即练5](1)Wecan‘t_________thepunctualarrivaloftrainsinfoggyweather.我们不能保证火车在雾天准时到达。

(2)We_____________________withinaweek.我们保证一周内送到。

(3)I_______________I’llpayoffthedebt.我保证我会还清债务。guaranteeguaranteetodeliverthatguarantee(4)Thewatchcomes______________________________.这表保修一年。

(5)Wealthis______________________happiness.财富并不是幸福的保证。withayear’sguaranteenoguaranteeof6．burn...totheground全部焚毁……

burndown把……烧成平地，烧光；渐渐烧完，火力减弱

burnup烧起来，旺起来；烧尽，烧毁

burnoff烧掉某物

burnout烧光，烧完

burnaway逐渐烧完；烧光，烧毁

burn...todeath烧死[即学即练6](1)Thehousewas________________________.那所房子被彻底焚毁了。

(2)Thisexercisehelpsyouto____________fatandtonemuscles.这项锻炼有助于消耗脂肪，使肌肉强健。

(3)Halfthecandlehad____________.那根蜡烛烧掉了一半。burnttothegroundburnoffburntaway7．varyfrom...to...由……到……情况不等

varyin在某方面不同

varyfrom不同于

varywith随……变化

varyone‘slife使生活丰富多彩

avarietyof不同种类的[即学即练7](1)Peoplevaryverymuch______theirideas.人们在观念方面大不相同。

(2)Theynevervary______thelawofnature.他们从不违反自然规律。

(3)Thecoloroftheleavesvaries______weather.叶子的颜色随着天气而变化。

(4)Theseapplesvary______size______small______medium.这些苹果由小到中等大小不等。infromwithinfromto8．makeone‘sway一路前进，向前

feelone’sway摸索着前行

fight/pushone‘sway推挤着前行

windone’sway蜿蜒向前

forceone‘swayout挤出去；冲出去

pushone’swayin挤进去

loseone‘sway迷路

inchone’sway缓慢前进

pickone‘sway谨慎前进

findone’sway找到出路

weaveone‘sway穿梭前进[即学即练8](1)We__________________downthehilltowardsthetown.我们顺着山坡往下朝城里行进。

(2)Gradually,Hendersonbeganto__________________inpolitics.亨德森逐渐在政界有所建树。

(3)We__________________intheforest.我们在森林里迷了路。madeourwaymakehiswaylostourwayⅡ.重点句型详解1．Iwas_about_to_gobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.

我刚要睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。

beabouttodosth.when...正要干……这时……

①Iwasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.我正要出门，这时电话铃响了。

②Themeetingwasabouttobeheldwhenitbegantorain.会议正要开始，这时开始下雨了。拓展：表示将要发生的动作，除了用一般将来时外，还有以下常见的结构和时态：

(1)beabouttodo表示“即将(正要)做某事”，句中不再加时间状语，相当于beonthepointofdoingsth.。

(2)begoingtodo表示事先经过考虑、打算去做某事或有明显的迹象要发生某事，它可用于条件状语从句中表示将来，而shall/will则不行。shall/will可表示临时作出决定。(3)betodo表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性或注定要发生的动作。

(4)英语中begin,come,go,leave,sail,start,arrive,return,end,open,close等表示一个预计将要发生的动作或情况，可用一般现在时表将来。这一动作时间比较固定，基本已成为规律。

(5)英语中go,come,begin,start,leave,arrive,return,takeoff等动词(词组)可用现在进行时代替将来时，表示一个预计将要发生的动作，这种用法要带一个表示将来的时间状语。[即境活用1]Wewere______togooutforcamping______itbegantorain.

A．hardly;thanB．around;asC．about;whenD．nearly;while解析：beaboutto...when...“正准备……这时……”，when作“这时”讲，它起并列连词的作用，连接两个并列的分句。答案：C2．Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthis_being_my_first_experience,_Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.另外两人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。

句中thisbeing...是独立主格结构。

独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/数词”构成，在句中可做条件状语、时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语等。①Iheardthatshegotinjuredintheaccident,myheartfullofworry.(表示结果)

听说她在这场事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担忧。

②Therainhavingstopped,hewentoutforawalk.雨停了，他出去散步。(表示原因)

③Moretimegiven,weshouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。(表示条件)④Thehuntsmanenteredtheforest,guninhand.那位猎人手里提着枪走进了森林。(表示补充说明)

⑤Hundredsofpeoplewentoutofthecinema,someinpairs,othersalone.

成百上千的人走出电影院，有的结伴而行，有的独自出来。(表示方式)提示：(1)独立主格结构一般用逗号同句子其余部分分开。

(2)表示虚义的逻辑主语it有时可以省略不写。

(3)therebe结构的独立主格结构是：therebeing＋n.。

①(It)BeingSunday,therearenostudentsintheschool.因为是星期天，学校里没有学生。

②Therebeinganotherchance,hewilltryhisbest.假如再有一次机会，他会尽力而为。[即境活用2](2023·山东)Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent______attheendoflastMarch.

A．hasbeenlaunchedB．havingbeenlaunchedC．beinglaunchedD．tobelaunched解析：句中没有连接词，故不能用谓语动词；themostrecenthavingbeenlaunched为独立主格结构，由attheendoflastMarch可知应用完成式。答案：B3．It_is_said_thatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.据说这个男孩子就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。

Itissaidthat...据说……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...人们认为……(1)以上结构中it是形式主语，它所代替的是后面的that引导的主语从句。以上结构均可转化为“主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式”结构，其中不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。如：

Itissaidthathehasgoneabroad.＝Heissaidtohavegoneabroad.据说他出国了。

(2)有时以上结构还可转化为：“as＋be＋v.ed，主句”结构，或者“what＋be＋v.ed＋is＋that从句”结构。如：

ItisknowntoallthatChinaisacountrywithalonghistory.＝Asisknowntoall,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.

＝WhatisknowntoallisthatChinaisacountrywithalonghistory.众所周知，中国是一个历史悠久的国家。[即境活用3](2023·重庆)LeonardodaVinci(1452－1519)______birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.

A．issaidtobebuyingB．issaidtohaveboughtC．hadsaidtobuyD．hassaidtohavebought解析：考查besaidtodosth.这一结构。不定式动作发生在besaid之前，所以要用不定式的完成式，所以答案为B。答案：B易错点拨自我完善·误区备考fit/suit/match

(1)fit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身，合适。

(2)suit指衣服等颜色、款式、花样等适合。也指事物合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等。

(3)match意为“使相称，使相配，使匹配”，指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。[应用1](1)Herclothesdon’t________herage.她的服装和年龄不相配。

(2)Theseveno’clocktrainwill______uswell.七点钟那一班火车对我们很合适。

(3)Itriedthedressonbutitdidn’t______.Itwastoosmall.我试穿了那件连衣裙，但不合身。它太小了。

(4)Doesthisskirt______me?这条裙子我穿着好看吗？matchsuitfitsuit2.独立主格结构的用法

[应用2](1)Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons______fortheday.

A．finishingB．finishedC．hadfinishedD．werefinished解析：本题考查名词的独立主格结构。名词短语theirlessons和动词finish之间是被动完成关系，故用过去分词finished。答案：B(2)－Wow!Itsnowedlastnight.Whataniceworld!

－You’reright.Butit’smoredifficulttofindmymissingkeyswithsnow______theground.

A．covered B．coverC．tocover D．covering解析：本题考查with复合结构做宾补的非谓语动词形式。snow和cover在逻辑上是主谓关系，因此此处用现在分词。答案：D(3)Heranafterthedog,______.

A．stickinhishandB．stickinhandC．astickinhishandD．havingastickinhand解析：由“名词＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(物主代词或冠词)，但with的复合结构不受此限制。C项中缺少with，故可排除。B项是独立主格结构做伴随状语。答案：B(4)Theboyswerehappilymakingasnowman,______withcold.

A．theirfacesredB．theirfaceswereredC．theirfacesturnedredD．theirfacestobered解析：本题考查由“名词＋形容词”构成的独立主格结构做伴随状语。答案：A(5)Hewassotiredthathefellasleepquickly,thelightoverhisbed______.

A．burn B．wentonC．lighted D．on解析：考查“名词＋副词”构成的独立主格结构做伴随状语。选项中，on为副词，表示“已连接，处于工作状态或使用中”。因此，此处应选D做伴随状语。答案：D高效作业自我测评·技能备考Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thematchhadtobec______________becauseofthebadweather.2．Mytimeisp____________；Icanonlygiveyouafewminutes.3．Sherecognizedthep__________forerrorinthemethodbeingused.4．Ithinkit’sana____________mistakethewaytheytreatthatchild.cancelledpreciouspotentialabsolute5．Thef___________ofRomearefamedfortheirarchitecturalbeauty.6．It's__________(保证)torainwhenyouwanttogoout.7．Thecardrewup___________(在……旁)thepub.8．Theareaisflooded,asfrequentlyhappensduringthe___________(台风)．9．Afteralongjourneyinthishotweather,Iwas____________(出汗)allover.fountainsguaranteedalongsidetyphoonsweating10．She__________(颤抖)tothinkwhatmighthavehappenedtohim.trembledⅡ.单项选择

1．—Peopleshouldsparenoefforttoprotecttheenvironment.

—______Airpollution,asisknowntoall,doesharmtoourhealth.

A．Allright. B．Whynot?C．Goahead. D．Absolutely.解析：考查口语答语。由句意知应选D。“当然，对极了”，表示同意前者的观点。答案：D2．—Canyouimagineavolcano______suddenlybeforeyou?—Oh,itmustbeterrible!

A．erupted B．eruptingC．beingeruptedD．tobeerupted解析：imagine后接动名词的复合结构做宾语。答案：B3．(2023·襄樊五中)－ShallIsitatthisendoftheboatortheotherend?

－Ifyoukeepstill,youcansitat______end.

A．neither B．eachC．either D．any解析：either表示两者选一；each表示三者或三者以上的每一个；neither表示两者都不；any表示任何一个。答案：C4．Youcandoitifyouwantto,butinmyopinionit'snotworththe______itinvolves.

A．effort B．attemptC．trial D．strength答案：A解析：effort“努力”。句意：“你要做的话你就去做，但是我认为你为此付出的努力是不值得的。”5．Hearingamanfollowingher,she______andranasfastasshecould.

A．feared B．panickedC．afraid D．frightened答案：B解析：panic可用做不及物动词，表示“恐慌”。fearvt.害怕；C项构成beafraidof“害怕”；D项frighten“使害怕”或befrightenedat“害怕……”。6．Trynottostarteverysentencewith“the”.______thebeginningsofyoursentences.

A．Vary B．DecorateC．Form D．Describe答案：A解析：vary“变更，改变”；decorate“装饰，修饰”；form“形成，养成”；describe“描述”。7．Itisallagreedthatagoodeducationdoesn't______agoodjob.

A．guarantee B．resultC．promise D．permit答案：A解析：句意为：大家一致认为良好的教育并不确保能得到一份好工作。8．Theancientchurchwasalmost______beforethefirefightersmanagedtocontrolthebigfire.

A．burneddownB．burnedatC．burnedoff D．burningup答案：A解析：从题意看“教堂几乎被烧毁”，可用burndown或burnup表示此意。但up语态不对。只有A适合题意。9．(2023·上海春招)______asanOlympicevent,asportmustbeplayedinatleast75countriesonatleast4continents.

A．Toaccept B．HavingacceptedC．TobeacceptedD．Accepting答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。语意：一项运动项目要想被认可为奥运项目，必须至少在四个大洲75个以上的国家开展过。动词accept的逻辑主语是asport，它们之间为动宾关系，此处不定式tobeaccepted表示目的，符合语意。10．Icalledtheairlineto______myflightreservationaweekbeforeIleftforCanada.

A．appoint B．obtainC．confirm D．admit答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。由句意可知，我提前一周给航空公司打电话的目的是想确定一下我动身去加拿大的航班预订。appoint任命；obtain得到；admit承认；confirm确定。根据句意应选C。11．______wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,waswhethershecouldbeadmittedtoakeyuniversitythenextyear.

A．It B．ThisC．As D．What答案：D解析：句意：她告诉我对她来说最重要的是她下一年能否被重点大学录取。what引导主语从句并在从句中做主语，其他三项无此功能。12．(2023·北京海淀期末)Nearlyhalfamillionpeoplearebelieved______theirhomesasaresultofthedisaster.

A．toleaveB．tobeleftC．tobeleavingD．tohaveleft答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。语意：人们认为有近50万人由于灾害而离开了他们的家园。leave这个动作发生在arebelieved之前，因此非谓语动词应该用完成式，据此这里选D项。13．Hewasabouttotellmethesecret______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.

A．as B．untilC．while D．when答案：D解析：考查beabouttodo...when...“正要做某事的时候……”。14．Asiswellknown,theDragonBoatFestivalandthecustomofeatingricedumplingsare______tousChinese.

A．typical B．uniqueC．alone D．special答案：B解析：unique“独特的，是……特有的”。typical“典型的”，搭配of;alone独自的；special特别的，专门的。15．______andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientsoughtherdoctor'shelptoendherlife.

A．HavinggivenuphopeofcureB．WithnohopeforcureC．TherebeinghopeforcureD．Inthehopeofcure答案：B解析：本题考查独立主格结构。A、D两项的结构放在原句中不合适，故首先排除；由句意“病人让医生帮助她结束她的生命”，可以判断出此处是对治愈没有希望，所以C也不对。Ⅲ.阅读理解A

BINGHAMREGIONALCOLLEGE

InternationalStudents'OrientationProgrammeWhydowethinkitisimportant?

Wewantyoutohavethebestpossiblestarttoyourstudiesandyouneedtofindoutaboutalltheopportunitiesthatcollegelifeoffers.Itwillenableyoutogettoknowthecollege,itsfacilitiesandservices.Youwillalsohaveachancetomeetstaffandstudents.Howmuchwillitcost?

－Internationalstudents(Non－EuropeanUnionstudents)

ForthosestudentswhodonotcomefromEuropeanUnion(EU)countries,andwhoarenotusedtoEuropeancultureandcustoms,theprogrammeisveryimportantandyouarestronglyadvisedtoattend.Becaustofthis,thecostoftheprogramme,withoutaccommodation(食宿),isbuiltintoyourtuitionfees.

－EUStudents

EUstudentsarewelcometotakepartinthisprogrammewithoutaccommodationfor￡195.

－Accommodationcosts(internationalandEUstudents)Thecostofaccommodationforoneweekis￡165.

Ifyouhavebookedaccommodationfortheyearahead(41weeks)throughthecollege,youdonothavetopayextraforaccommodation.Youcanaskustopre－bookaccommodationforyouoneweekonlyinahotelwithotherInternationalstudents.

Whatisincludedduringtheprogramme?

Meals:Lunchandaneveningmealareprovidedaspartoftheprogramme.Pleasenotethatbreakfastisnotavailable.Information:includingsuchtopicsasaccommodation,health,religiousmatters,studyskills,andothernecessaryinformation.

Socialactivities:includingawelcomepartyandahalfdaytriproundBingham.1．Whoareencouragedtoattendthecourseaccordingtotheprogramme?

A．Thosewhoarenotfamiliarwiththeirfuturecollege.

B．Thosewhoarelesspreparedfortheirexamination.

C．Thosewhowanttoimprovetheirsociallives.

D．Thosewhowanttomakeuptheirmissedlessons.答案：A2．ItisbetterforNon－EuropeanUnionstudentstotakepartintheprogrammebecause______.

A．theydon'thavetopayforthecourse

B．theycanfinishtheprogrammeinashortertime

C．itoffersthemopportunitiestoknowmoreaboutEuropeanculture

D．itisveryeasyforthemtobeacceptedbythenativesinBingham3．Ifastudentplanstotakethecourse,hehastoarriveinBinghamatleast______daysinadvancebeforetermstarts.

A．2 B．4C．1 D．64．WhichofthefollowingmightNOTbeincludedintheprogram?

A．Learninghowtostudyinthecollege.B．Lookingforapart－timejobintheneighborhood.

C．TravelingaroundBingham.D．Understandingsometaboo(禁忌)inEuropeansociety.B

WanttobeavolunteerfortheBeijingOlympicsin2023?Recently,therecruitingstarted.

TherecruitingofBeijingOlympicsVolunteerstartsfromAug.28,2023totheendofMarch2023.

Stage1:BeijingVolunteers

FromAugust28,2023,theprogramopenstoapplicantsin