山西省吕梁市离石县高级中学2021年高二英语下学期期末试卷含解析

山西省吕梁市离石县高级中学2021年高二英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.The

class

__________

80

students

is

hard

to

manage.A

consisting

of

B

consists

of

C

making

up

of

D

made

up

参考答案：A试题分析：考查固定词组。bemadeupof=consistof译为“由......组成”可以直接做谓语动词；madeupof=consistingof可以直接用来做定语或状语,译为“由......组成”；makeup译为“组成,构成”。此处是现在分词作后置定语，故选A。2.Thistalkshowisnotrecorded;It’s______.A.lively

B.live

C.alive

D.living参考答案：B3.----Ican’tseethewordsontheblackboardclearly.

----Why,youreyesneed_____.Perhapsyouneed______glasses.

A.examining;wearing

B.toexamine;wearing

C.tobeexamined;towear

D.examined;wearing参考答案：C略4.Teachershavetoconstantlyupdatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessional(专业的)_______.A.consequence

B.independence

C.competence

D.intelligence参考答案：C5.Afterfinishingmiddleschool,mysisterdidnothing______athome.A.buttoread

B.butread

C.besidesreading

D.excepttoread参考答案：B6.It’svitalthateverypieceofequipment________becheckedbeforetheexperiment.A.would B.could C.should D.might参考答案：C【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：实验前每一件设备都应该被检查一遍是很重要的。A.would将会；B.could能；C.should应该；D.might可能。根据“becheckedbeforetheexperiment”可知，每一件设备都应该在实验前被检查一遍，故C项正确。7.Visitors

nottotouchtheexhibits.

A.willrequest

B.request

C.arerequested

D.arerequesting参考答案：C7.________myteacherhelpingme,Icouldeasilyfinishtheworktoday.

A.With

B.Besides

C.Under

D.Becauseof参考答案：A略9.________bringadvertisingtoanend,priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced.A.Couldthey

B.Shouldthey

C.Werethey

D.Wouldthey参考答案：B考查虚拟语气和倒装句式。句意：假如结束广告宣传，价格将会大大地降低。由“priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced”使用了与将来相反的虚拟语气可知，句子描述将来要发生的事情；因此主句谓语动词常用一般过去时、should+动词原形或者wereto+动词原形。再因为在if引导的非真实条件句中，如果省略if，句子应使用部分倒装，助动词提前。后半句是表示与将来相反的虚拟语气，因此此处描述与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，故选B。10.Don’ttake___________forgranted___________everyoneshouldadoreyou.A.that;what

B.that;which

C.it;what

D.it;that参考答案：D11.TheSpringFestivalisourtraditionalfestival,__________peopleusuallyvisittheirfriendsands.A.forwhich

B.towhich

C.duringwhich

D.aboutwhich参考答案：C12.

Itisnice.Neverbefore______suchaspecialdrink.---Iamgladyoulikeit..

A.Ihavehad

B.Ihad

C.haveIhad

D.hadI参考答案：C13.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_____swimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’t

B.couldn’tC.needn’t

D.shouldn’t参考答案：D14.Thebestwaytowash________oneofthesestickycakesiswithacupoftea,whichaidsthedigestion.A．up B．outC．down D．off参考答案：Cwashdown“(用水、汤等)把食物送下”；washup“洗刷(盘、碟)；洗脸(手)”；washout/off“洗净，洗掉”。15.________thatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.

A.Sosuccessfulherbusinesswas

B.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.Soherbusinesswassuccessful

D.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness参考答案：B略16.Happinessoftencomestothosetrytohelpothersanddosomethingworthwhile.Awhom

B.who

C.what

D.which参考答案：B17.Severalweekshadgoneby______Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.as

B.before

C.since

D.when参考答案：B18.Aucklandisamostexcitingcitywithpeopleofmanydifferentcultures_________there.A.live

B.living

C.havinglived

D.lived参考答案：B【分析】考查with复合结构。【详解】句意：Auckland是一个非常令人兴奋的城市有很多不同文化的人生活在那。with+宾语+非谓语动词，因为宾语是peopleofmanydifferentcultures和live是主动关系，所以用living。选B。二、短文改错19.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearHouTing,Iamsorrythatmathsdisappointyou,butyoucan’tgiveitup.Asyousay,itisoneofthemostimportantsubjectandthereisareasonforthis.Wehavetousemathsfromallthetime.Whereveryourcareertakesyou,mathswillhavetobeusing.Infact,mostemployersanduniversitieswillacceptpeoplewhohavefailedorgivenupmaths.Allyoucandoistryyourbestinmathsormakethemostuseoftimeyouhad.Ifyouhavetroubleunderstandanything,thefirstpersonyoushouldtellisyourteacher.Thatisoftensurprisinghowsimplethingsseemwhenyouareexplainedproperly—evenmathsproblems!参考答案：DearHouTing,Iamsorrythatmathsdisappointyou,butyoucan’tgiveitup.Asyousay,itisoneof

disappiontsthemostimportantsubjectandthereisareasonforthis.Wehavetousemathsfromallthetime.subjectsWhereveryourcareertakesyou,mathswillhavetobeusing.Infact,mostemployersanduseduniversitieswill∧acceptpeoplewhohavefailedorgivenupmaths.Allyoucandoistryyourbestnotinmathsormakethemostuseoftimeyouhad.Ifyouhavetroubleunderstandanything,thefirstand

have

understandingpersonyoushouldtellisyourteacher.ThatisoftensurprisinghowsimplethingsseemwhenyouIt

theyareexplainedproperly—evenmathsproblems!三、阅读理解20.

Citiesneedtoputeffortstodealwithpollutionandcleartheair.Chinesecitieswillneedtoputeffortstoclearuptheskywhenanewdepartmenttoimproveregionalairqualityissetupby2015,accordingtothelatestplanreleasedbytheStateCouncil.

BesidestheexistingpollutioncontrolprogramforSO2,regionalemissioncaps(区域排放上限)forothercertainchemicalswillbeestablishedinthethreekeyairpollutingareas—theYangtzeRiverDelta,PearlRiverDeltaandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion.Coal-consumptioncapswillalsobetriedoutinsomeareas,accordingtotheplan.“Theplanisaimedatdealingwithregionalairpollution—suchasacidrainandsmog—whichhavebecomeincreasinglyobviousinChinainrecentyearsandcausedaseverethreattopeople’shealth,”ZhangLijun,vice-ministerofenvironmentalprotection,saidinaninterviewonMonday.“Theairqualityinacityaffectstheregionsnearbybecausepollutants(污染物)Cantravelthroughtheatmosphere,”saidChaiFahe,vice-directorofChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences.“Soeffortstoreduceairpollutioninasinglecity,targetingacertainpollutantwillnotbeenough,”Chaisaid.

Zhangsaid,“Thecountry’smajorindustrialdistricts—theYangtzeRiverDelta,PearlRiverDeltaandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion—haverecordedmorethan100mistydaysannuallyinrecentyears.”

Thesethreeregions,hometoatleast200millionpeople,occupyonly6.3percentofthecountry’sareabutconsume40percentofthecountry’scoalandproducehalfofitssteel,accordingtoofficialfigures.

Studiesalsoshowthatthevisibility(能见度)ineasternregionsofChinahasdroppedby7to15kmcomparedtothatintheearly1960s,asaresultofairpollution.

Liaoningprovince,theShandongPeninsula,WuhaninHubeiprovinceanditssurroundingarea,theChangsha-Zhuzhou-XiangtanregioninHunanprovince,theChengdu-Chongqingregion,andthewesterncoastoftheTaiwanStraitsarealsolistedasareastocarryoutsuchregionalairpollutioncontrolprograms,accordingtotheplan.

Thenewplanalsorequiresanimprovedairqualitysystem,whichwillmeasurethepollutionlevels.“Thecurrentsystem,whichonlymeasuressomemajorpollutants,cannotreflectthetruepicture.”saidChai.12.Itwillnotbeenoughtoreduceairpollutioninasinglecitybecause

.A.airpollutionhasbeenbecomingmoreandmoreseriousinrecentyearsB.airpollutionlikeacidrainandsmogisthreateningpeople’shealthC.airpollutantsinacitycantravelintheskyandaffectnearbyareasD.airpollutantsstayinfixedplacesoverthecities13.SupposethevisibilityineasternregionsofChinawas130kmintheearly1960s,thevisibilitytherenowadaysis

.A.123to115km

B.137to145km

C.123to145km

D.115to137km14..Themainpurposeofthepassageis

.A.toinformreadersofthedamagecausedbyairpollutionB.tointroducethenewplantocontrolairpollutionC.toprovideofficialfiguresofairpollutionlevelsD.topointouttheregionsaffectedbyairpollution15.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thetruepicture”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Themajorpollutants.B.Thekeypollutedareas.C.Themajorpollutedcities.D.Thepollutionlevels.参考答案：CABD21.Areyouamorningperson?Youmightnotlikethefindingsinthisnewresearch.Fromalackofairanddrinkingwatertosolarradiation,theoreticalMarspioneersfaceanynumberofpotentialobstaclestosettlingontheredplanet.Now,scientistshavefoundsomethingelsetoaddtothelist:seriouslymessed-upbiologicalclocks.OnedayonMars-whichscientistsrefertoasthesolarday,or“sol”-is37minuteslongerthanadayonEarth.AteamofEuropeanscientistsrecentlydemonstratedwhythatcouldbeaproblem.Circadianrhythmsarethebody’snaturalcyclesofrestandwaking,whichtendtofollowroughly24-hourlight-darkcycles.Thesenaturalrhythms-whichplayaroleinbiologicalfunctionsincludingbrainwaveactivityandhormoneproduction-canbeinterruptedbythingslikejetlag（时差）andnightshiftwork.Forthestudy,theresearcherscomparedmicewithhealthy,24-hourcircadianclockstomicewithageneticchangethatcausedthemtohaveshorter,20-hourcircadianclocks.Themicewithhealthybiologicalclocksweremorelikelytosurviveandreproduce,whilethemicewithshorterbiologicalclocksweremorelikelytodieoff.Whatdoesthisallhavetodowithspacetravel?SincetheMartiansolislongerthanadayonEarth,peoplewithshortercircadianclockscouldsufferfromhealthproblemsastheytrytoadapttotherotationalspeedoftheredplanet.Unfortunately,thebodyisunlikelytoadapttothenewconditionsor“learn”todevelopalongerclock.AsLoudonexplained,“Learningisnotalikelyoption.”Inotherwords:Sorry,super-earlyrisers-NASAmightnotwantyouforthenextMarsmission.12.Fromthepassage,peoplecanfacethefollowingtroubleslivingonMarsEXCEPT______.A.absenceofair

B.alotoffiercecreaturesC.lackofdrinkingwater

D.messed-upbiologicalclocks13.Accordingtoscientists,howlongdoesonedayonMarslast?A.24hours.

B.23hoursand23minutes.C.24hoursand37minutes.

D.12hoursand37minutes.14.HowdidtheresearchersstudywhateffectlivingonMarshasonsleep?A.Bycomparingdifferentmice.

B.Byanalyzingcomputerdata.C.Byexperimentsinspaceships.

D.Byobservingandjudgi