英语句子分类讲解与专项练习培训讲学

精品文档句子TheSentences知识要点：句子按使用的目的可分为四类：、陈述句、疑问句3、祈使句4、感叹句从结构上看句子可分为三种类型：、简单句、并列句3、复合句一、句子的种类Kindsof）、陈述句：肯定句Weourmotherland.我热爱祖国。否定句TheydontoworkonSundays.他们星期日不上班。说明：叙述或否定一个事实或看法。、疑问句：（1一般疑问句：worker?你个人吗？Iam.是的，我是工人。Haven’tyouseentheNo,Ihaven你没看过这部电影吗？没看过。说明：以一个助动词，情态动词或动词be开的问句。回答要用或。（2特殊疑问句：is这是谁？youwatchTV?你么时间看电视？Whataretheydoing他现在正在干什么？说明：以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头的句子一般要用倒装句语序（或称为疑问词加一般疑问）（3选择疑问句：youcoffee?Eitherwilldo.你要茶水还是要咖啡？哪种都行。learnor他学日语还是学法语？他学法语。说明：提出两个或两个以上的情况，选择一个作为答案。（4反意疑问句：aregoingaren’tthey?他要去机场，是吗？You’tfinishedyourhomework,you?你做完作业，是吗？说明：提出情况或看法问对方是否同意。在陈述句后附加一个简短的疑问句，即前面句子肯定后为否定；前面句子否定，后为肯定。Hewentbedatdid他少在十点钟上床睡觉？是吗？Heknowslittle他几乎不懂俄语，是吗？说明：当陈述句部分含有no,hardly,seldom,little等否定意义副词时，附加问句用肯定形式。祈使句a陈述句：suretogeteight.八点钟一定要到那儿。．否定句：Don’tworry.Iyouout.别心，我会帮助你的。说明：表示命令，请求，叮嘱，号召等，谓语动词用原形。感叹句感叹句通常有引，表示美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情what修名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种：掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。How+容名词+陈语序。例如boyheis!他多聪明的孩子！How+容词或副+陈述语序。例如：lovelybabyis!小头真可爱！精品文档精品文档What名词陈语序。例如aremaking!他真！What形名词+陈述语序。例如：Whatais!他是多聪明的孩子！What+形容+数名+陈述语序。例如：Whatwonderfulideas（wehave）!我们的主意真棒！What+形容+可数名+陈述语序。例如：Whatitis!多冷的天！What的省略形式为：boy!：Whatgreatchangeshavehadyears!这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊！Whatitis!多的天呀！+：Howheis!他多么勇敢呀！+adv.：Howworking!他工作多努力呀！Howflies!时过得多么快呀！How+adj.a(an)+Howniceaboy(heis)=Whatniceheis!多好的孩子啊！说明：表示说话时惊异，喜悦，气忿等情绪修名词，how修形容词、副词或句子。二、句子的类型TypesSentences、简单句的句子的类型：一个主+个谓语，例：Theplayspianoevery那女孩每天弹钢琴。两个主+个谓语，例：TomIarefriends.汤姆和我是好朋友。一个主+个谓语，例：Hedoorandleft.他开门出去了。两个主语或两个谓语或更多，例：MrSmithboughtandvisitedfriends.史密斯夫妇去市场，买了些水果，并看望了朋友。结构特殊：只含有一个词或一个词组，例：Hello!喂Help!救命啊！救命！thanks.万感谢。、简单句的基本句型TheSentence）句型结构：（1主+不及物动词+Vi.，：Birdsfly.鸟他消失了。（2主+连系动词表语+V+，例：auniversitystudent.她一名大学生。Hehaspilot.他已成为一名飞行员。（3主+及物动词宾语+Vt+，：Helikes他欢游泳。Weother.我互相帮助。（4主+及物动词间接宾语直接宾语：+Vt++，例：Ifriendthe我好消息告诉了我的朋友。sentus他给我们拍了电报。（5主+及物动词宾语+补语：+，例：精品文档精品文档the他给孩子起名叫杰克。Iwanteverythingreadybyeighto’clock.我求一切都要在八点前准备好。注：Subject（主语）Vi=IntransitiveVerbs不及物动词Vt=TransitiveVerb（及动词（表语）（宾语C=Complement补重点、难点：否定陈述句要注意下列几点：否定陈述句主要是在肯定句中加not或not/any)构的，除not和no外用具有否定意义的副词也可构成否定陈述句。常用的词有hardly,seldom,never,barely,rarely等其他成分的否定形式有些句子的结构上属于肯定式，但含有否定意义的词，可分以下几种。否定的主语：willagreewithyou.没人同意你的意见。like没学生喜欢这本小说。herestudiesRussian.这里没有一个学生学俄语。否定的宾语：Wesawinthedarkness.在黑暗中我们什么都看不见。Hewillbookfromnobody.他谁那都借不来这本书。mustremembertobelatefor你必须记住上课不准迟到。否定的状语：herebybikebutonfoot.他不是骑车来的而是走着来的。Wecouldfindhimnowhere.我什么地方也找不他。（3不定代词all,both,或everybody用否定句时，表示部分定。Allthetreeshereare(=Notalltreesare)这里的树并非都是苹果树是苹果树，有的不是Bothofthesistersare(=Notbothofsisters这姐儿俩并不都是护士。Everybodycan’tdoit.(=everybodydoit.并不是人人都能做这件事。【专项训练一、陈述句和疑问句：、whentheyAwillB．willbeC．wereD．’t、—“Isyouruncleadriver?”——“.”ANo,butisB．Yes,butmyC．hedoesn、Wesatisfiedwiththeirwork.

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