高中英语人教版1Greatscientists 全市获奖

必修五Unit1综合测试题满分100分，考试时间90分钟Ⅰ.单项填空(每小题1分，共15分)1．Puttheflowersinwarmroomsto________them________thefreezingcold.A．stop；from B．keep；fromC．protect；from D．rescue；off2．While________thebookonthetopshelf,youneedtobeverycareful.A．toreach B．reachingC．reach D．arereaching3．Thepeople________tothepartywereallphysicians.A．toinvite B．beinginvitedC．invited D．hadbeeninvited4．—Whois________thepatient?—Maybehissister.A．takingcare B．lookingforC．joiningin D．attendingon5．Hiswordssuggestedthathe________apoliceman.A．were B．wasC．should D．be6．Onlybyworkinghard________succeed.A．wecan B．weareC．canwe D．arewe7．Itwasprovedthatdrunk­drivingwas________forthedeathoffivepeopleinNanjing.A.toblame B.blamedC.beingblamed D.blaming8．The________lookonherfacesuggestedthatshe________itbefore.A.surprising;wouldn'tknowB.surprised;hadn'tknownC.surprising;hadn'tknownD.surprised;shouldn'tknow9．Thewriterwassoabsorbed________hiswritingthatheforgottoeat.A．on B．ofC．in D．at10．Abetterplanwas________atyesterday'smeeting.A．putforward B．putawayC．putdown D．puton11．What'sthe________languageinChina?A．speaking B．spokenC．bespoken D．tospeak12．Idid________knowthenews________hetoldme.A．neither；nor B．either；orC．so；that D．not；until13．Iwas________tired________Ididn'twanttogoshopping.A．neither；nor B．either；orC．so；that D．not；until14．________thatIcoulduseaspecialpieceofclothtoattractpeople'sattention,Idecidedtodoanexperiment.A．Havingrealized B．RealizingC．Beingrealized D．Realized15．(2023·NMET)—DoyouknowAnna'stelephonenumber?—amatteroffact，Idon'tknowanyaboutAnna，either.A．Ithinkso B．I'mafraidnotC．Ihopeso D．I'drathernotⅡ.完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)Despitethegreatprogressinmedicalscience,humanbeingsareconstantlyattackedbycancer,whichmeansdeath.AwomannamedBonniesuffereda__16__ofdiscomfortscausedbythetreatmentofcancer.Shedidn'tregardcancerasa__17__disease,butalaughingmatter.Shetreateditinahumorousway.Toputitin__18__way,sheisteachingpeoplethateventhoughcancerisn't__19__，wecantreatitinahumorousway.Hersecondchildwasgoingtobebornthreemonthsaway__20__shewasdiagnosedwithcancer.Suddenly,a__21__motherturnedintoahelplesswomanafraidforherownwasaftershehadhadherbaby__23__thatshehadanoperation.__24__camechemo(化疗)andherlifeseemedtobemadeupoffearsand__25__.Butthe__26__momentinherlifecameaftershelostallherhairandafreewig(假发)arrived.She__27__itonasheroldersonKylerwatched.“ThatwaswhenIdecidedhowto__28__it:cryingoverthisbadwigorlaughingaboutit.__29__waywouldmake__30__rememberit.”Bonniesaid.Shespentalotoftimelookingforanythingfunnyfromcancerpatients.Shegotalotoutofcollecting__31__stories.Shestartedlaughingalot,findingittheperfectmedicine.Usingherselfasabald(光头)model,Bonnie__32__todesignherowngreetingcardsandcalendars,makingfunofthesufferingsofchemo.“Tohavejoy,webadly__33__tolaugh,”shesaid.Clearly,youcanincreaseyourconfidenceto__34__overanydiseaseandtrouble__35__laughing.16． B．seriesC．way D．pack17． B．deadlyC．terribly D．fearfully18． B．theothersC．other D．others19． B．painfulC．fun D．fierce20． B．untilC．while D．when21． B．happyC．fortunate D．sick22． B．illnessC．operation D．life23． B．attendedC．delivered D．opened24． B．Later25． B．lonelinessC．wonders D．tears26． B．highestC．great D．ugly27． B．carriedC．tried D．fastened28．with B．dealwithC．gowith D．meetwith29． B．AnyC．Both D．Either30． B．everyoneC．myson D．myhusband31．A.detective B．romanticC．different D．humorous32．down B．setoutC．setabout D．setdown33． B．needC．want D．long34． B．thinkC．run D．take35．termsof B．bymeansofC．throughthemethodof D．bythewayofⅢ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共40分)AWhatwetodaycallAmericanfolkartwas,indeed,artof,byandforordinary,everyday“folks”who,withincreasingprosperityandleisure(闲暇)，createdamarketforartofallkinds,andespeciallyforportraits.Citizensofprosperous,essentiallymiddle­classrepublics—whetherancientRomans,17thcenturyDutchpeople,or19thcenturyAmericans—havealwaysshownamarkedtasteforportraiture.Startinginthelateeighteenthcentury,theUnitedStatescontainedincreasingnumbersofsuchpeople,andoftheartistswhocouldmeettheirdemands.TheearliestAmericanfolkartportraitscome,notsurprisingly,fromNewEngland—especiallyConnecticutandMassachusetts—forthiswasawealthyandpopulousregionandthecenterofastrongcrafttradition.WithinafewdecadesafterthesigningoftheDeclarationofIndependencein1776,thepopulationwaspushingwestward,andportraitpainterscouldbefoundatworkinwesternNewYork,Ohio,Kentucky,Illinois,andthroughitsfirstcenturyasanation,theUnitedStates'populationhadincreasedroughlyfivetimes,andelevennewstateshadbeenaddedtotheoriginalthirteen.Duringtheseyearsthedemandforportraitsgrewandgrew,eventuallytobesatisfiedbythecamera.In1839thephotographtakenbyanearlyphotographicprocesswasintroducedtoAmerica,announcingtheageofphotography,andwithinagenerationthenewinventionputanendtothepopularityofpaintedportraits.Onceagainanoriginalportraitbecamealuxury(奢侈品)，commissionedbythewealthyandexecuted(执行)bytheprofessional.Butinthetimeofgreatestprosperityofportraitpainting—fromthelate18thcenturyuntilthe1850's—anyonewithsmallamountofartisticabilitycouldbecomealimner，assuchaportraitistwascalled.Localcraftspeople—sign,coach,andhousepainters—begantopaintportraitsasaprofitablesideline(副业)；sometimesastalentedmanorwomanwhobeganbysketchingfamilymembersgainedalocalreputationandwasbesieged(包围)witAhrequestsforportraits;artistsfounditworththeirwholetopacktheirpaints,canvases,andbrushesandtotravelthecountryside,oftencombininghousedecoratingwithportraitpainting.36．InParagraph1theauthormentions17thcenturyDutchpeopleasanexampleofagroupthat________.A．consistedmainlyofself­taughtartistsB．appreciatedportraitsC．influencedAmericanfolkartD．hadlittletimeforthearts37．Accordingtothepassage,whereweremanyofthefirstAmericanfolkartportraitspainted?A．InwesternNewYork.B．InIllinoisandMissouri.C．InConnecticutandMassachusetts.D．InOhio.38．HowmuchdidthepopulationoftheUnitedStatesincreaseinthefirstfiftyyearsfollowingindependence?A．Itbecamethreetimeslarger.B．Itbecamefivetimeslarger.C．Itbecameeleventimeslarger.D．Itbecamethirteentimeslarger.39．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcontributedtoadeclineinthedemandforpaintedportraits?A．Thelackofastrongcrafttradition.B．Thewestwardimmigrationofmanypainters.C．Thegrowingpreferenceforlandscapepaintings.D．Theinventionofthecamera.40．Theauthorimpliesthatmostlimners________.A．receivedinstructionfromtravellingteachersB．werewomenC．werefromwealthyfamiliesD．hadnoformalarttrainingBTwostudiesaresuggestingthatsomeoverweightpeopledonotfaceanincreasedriskofdevelopingheartdisease.Researchersalsofoundthatsomeindividualsofnormalbodyweighthaveanincreasedriskofthedisease.Beingoverweightdoesincreaseyourriskofmedicalproblems,butthestudiesfoundthatnotallheavypeoplearelesshealthythanthinpeople.Inonestudy,Americanresearchersexaminedmedicalrecordsfromover5000menandwomen.Eachpersonhadtakenpartinaseparatestudyfrom1999to2023.Thesearchersfoundthatabout51%ofthemwereoverweightorobese.About32%wereobese,butconsideredmetabolically(关于新陈代谢的)healthy.Thismeanstheyhadnoevidenceofproblemsintestsforhighbloodpressureorotherfactorslinkedtoheartdisease.However,morethan23%ofpeoplewhowereatahealthyweightwereunhealthyintwoormoreaspectsJudithWylie­RosetthelpedcarryouttheAmericanstudy.Shesaysthefindingshowthatallobesepersoncanstillbehealthy.Shebelievesthathavingbodyfatisnotasimportantaswherethefatisfoundonbody.It'sreportedthattwo­thirdsofAmericansareconsideredoverweightorobese.Asecondstudyissuggestingthatfatintheliver(肝)maybeanimportanthealthrisk.NorbertStefanandhisteamcloselyexamined314measuredhowmuchbodyfateachpersonhad,andwhereitwasonthebody.Todothis，theyusedmedicalimagingtests.Theydiscoveredthatobesepeoplecouldhavehealthyhearts.Theirresultssuggestthatfatintheliverismoredangerousthanfatinotherareas.TheresultsofbothstudieswerepublishedrecentlyintheArchivesofInternalWylie­Rosettsaysthefindingsdon'tmeanthatpeopleshouldn'tbeconcernedaboutobesity.Expertssaythereareseveraldiseaseslinkedtoobesitythatmakeitmoredangeroustobefatthanthin.Theysaypeopleshouldseetheirdoctortolearnwhathealthriskstheymaybefacingandwhatbehavioursshouldbechangedtoimprovehealth.41．Whatwasfoundin23%ofthehealthypeopleexamined?A．Nofactorslinkedtoheartdisease.B．Theywereunhealthyintwoormoreaspects.C．Highbloodpressure.D．Noevidenceofproblems.42．ProfessorWylie­Rosettagreesthatpeopleshould________.A．avoidbecomingobeseB．notworryaboutbecomingobeseC．worryaboutbecomingthinD．notbeafraidofseveraldiseases43．Theunderlinedword“obese”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．beingtoothin B．beinghealthyC．beingtoofat D．beingunhealthy44．Thetextismainlyaboutevidencethatsomepeoplecan________.A．bebothfatandhealthyB．developheartdiseaseC．increaseweightD．havetoomuchfatintheliverCSomescientistssaythatanimalsintheoceanareincreasinglythreatenedbynoisepollutioncausedbyhumanbeings.Thenoisethataffectsseacreaturescomesfromanumberofhumanactivities.Itiscausedmainlybyindustrialunderwaterexplosions,oceandrillingandshipengines.Suchnoisesareaddedtonaturalsounds.Thesesoundsincludethebreakingoficefields,underwaterearthquakesandsoundsmadebyanimalsthemselves.Decibels(分贝)measuredinwateraredifferentfromthosemeasuredonland.Anoiseofonehundredandtwentydecibelsonlandcausespaintohumanears.Inwater,adecibellevelofonehundredandninety­fivewouldhavethesameeffect.Somescientistshaveproposedsettinganoiselimitofonehundredandtwentydecibelsinoceans.Theyhaveobservedthatnoisesatthatlevelcanfrightenandconfusewhales.AteamofAmericanandCanadianscientistsdiscoveredthatloudnoisescanseriouslyinjuresomeresearchteamfoundthatpowerfulunderwaterexplosionswerecausingwhalesintheareatolosetheirseriouslyaffectedthewhales'abilitytoexchangeinformationandfindtheirofthewhalesevenexplosionshadcausedtheirearstobleedandbecomeinfected(感染)．Manyresearcherswhoseworkdependsonoceansoundsobjecttoalimitofonehundredandtwentysaysuchalimitwouldmeananendtoimportantindustrialandscientificresearch.Scientistsdonotknowhowmuchandwhatkindsofnoisesareharmfultooceananimals.However,manyscientistssuspectthatnoiseisagreaterdangerthantheybelieved.Theywanttopreventnoisesfromharmingcreaturesintheocean.45．Accordingtopassage,whichofthefollowingisincreasinglydangeroustoseacreatures?A．Theman­madenoises.B．Thenoisesmadebythemselves.C．Thesoundofearthquakes.D．Thesoundoftheice­breaking.46．Whichofthefollowingisdiscussedinthesecondparagraph?A．Differentplaceswithdifferenttypesofnoises.B．Theveryhumanearssensitivetoalltypesofnoises.C．Thedecibelsmeasureddifferentlyonlandandintheocean.D．Theoceananimals'reactiontonoises.47．Wecanknowfromthepassagethatmanyscientiststhinkthatthenoiselimitofonehundredtwentydecibelswould________.A．preventthemfromdoingtheirresearchworkB．benefitthemalotintheirresearchworkC．dogoodtotheirhealthD．increasetheindustrialoutput48．Accordingtothepassage,whatwillscientistsmostprobablydointhefuture?A．Theywilltrytheirbesttodecreasenoise.B．Theywillworkhardtocutdownnoisepollution.C．Theywillstudytheeffectofdifferentnoises.D．Theywillprotectanimalsfromharmfulnoises.DHelenThayer,oneofthegreatestexplorersofthe20thcentury,loveschallenges.Shesays，“Iliketoseewhat'sontheothersideofthehill.”Shehasgonealmosteverywheretodothat.In1988，attheageof50，shebecamethefirstwomantotravelalonetotheNorthPole.Shepulledherownsled(雪橇)piledwith160poundsofsupplies，andduringhertripnoonebroughtherfreshonlybyherdogCharlie，shesurvivedcoldweatherandmeetingswithpolarbears.Infact，Charliesavedherlifewhenoneofthemattackedtheendofhertrip，aforcefulwindblewawaythemajorityofhersupplies.Thelastweekofthetrip，shesurvivedonahandfulofnutsandalittlewatereachday.Helengoestochallengingplacesnotonlyforadventures，butalsoforherArcticjourney，shestartedawebsitecalledAdventurethesite，shesharedheradventuresinordertoinspireexplained，“Althoughkidsoftenseetheworldinanegativeway，withouthopefortheirfuture，weworktoinspirethemtosetgoals，planforsuccessandnevergiveup...”HelengrewupinNewparentswereathletesandmountainherparents’example，sheclimbedherfirstmountainattheageof，sheclimbedthehighestmountainsinNorthandSouthAmerica，theformerUSSRandNewZealand.In1996，shetookonanotherchallenge—theSaharaandherhusband，Bill，walked2,400milesacross2023，sheandBilltravelledonfootfromwesttoeastthroughtheGobiDesertinhopetotravelinmainlandChinaintoSichuanandTibettostudypandas.Helenplanstocontinuetaking'lluseherexplorations，writing，photographyandenvironmentalworkstocreateprogramsforherAdventureClassroomwebsite.Shewantstoinspireherstudentstoneverstopfacingchallenges.49．Welearnfromthesecondparagraphthat________.A．HelenThayerwasthefirstpersontoreachtheNorthPoleB．HelenThayeratenothingduringthelastweekofhertripC．HelenThayertraveledtotheNorthPoleonherownD．CharliepreventedHelenThayerfrombeingattackedbypolarbears50．WhydoesHelentraveltodifferentplacesworldwide?A．Forfun. B．Foreducation.C．Formoney. D．Forfame.51．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheWomanWholovesAdventuresB．AFamousWomanC．AWomanMountainClimberD．AdventureClassroomOwnerEInmanypartsoftheworld，carsplayanimportantroleindailylifeandmanysocietieswouldnotexistwithouttheideathatin20years’time,noonewillowncarsmaybehardtothisisthepredictionmadebyateamoftransportresearcherswhoaretakenseriously,notonlybygovernmentbutalsobyearmanufacturers.TheHumanScienceandAdvancedTechnologyInstituteatLoughboroughintheUKispartofaninternationalresearchteamtherebelievesthatby2023allcarswillbecomputerized，whichwillmeanmuchsaving，noaccidentsandbetteruseofsuper­intelligentcarofthe21stcenturywilldriveitself,anditwillnotbeownedbyone，wewillhaveachoiceofcarsandchangethemasfrequentlyaswechangeourclothing.AccordingtoDavis，wholeadstheresearchteam，thesepredictionsarebasedontherisingcostofthecarculture，whichhadblockedupourcities，pollutedourair,andcausedmoredeathsthanbothworldwarsputtogether.Davissays，carswillbefittedwithsomeintelligentdevicestoregulatethedistancebetweenonecarandcarwillautomaticallyspeedup，orslowdown，tomatchthespeedofthecarinaremuchsaferdriversthanpeople，socarsinaroadtrainwillbeabletodrivemuchclosertogetherthancarsdrivenbypeople.By2023，Davisbelieves，cartechnologywillgivemotoristsaclearviewoftheroad，whatevertheweatherconditions，byprojectinganimageoftheroadaheadontothecar’sby2023，carswilltravelin_convoy,_linkedtoeachotherwillbeconnectedbyanelectronictowbartothecarinfronttoform“road­trains”．“Thefrontvehicleinsuchatrainburnsthenormalamount.”saysDavis.“Butalltheothersinthetrainwouldburnabouttenpercentofthenormalamount，andsoproduceabouttenpercentofthepollution.”文章大意：今天，汽车的作用不言而喻。但你能相信20年后没有人开车吗？有的科学家就做出了这样的预测。而且政府和汽车商却非常严肃认真的对待这一预测。52．Whichofthefollowingwillbethecharacteristicofthecarsof2023?carwillspeedupoutofcontrol.willownasmanycarsaswewant.C．Allcarswillbedrivenbycomputers.willproducemorepollutionthanpresentones.53．Theleaderoftheresearchteambelievesthatthepresentcarculturewillchangebecause________.playaveryimportantroleindailylifesocietieswouldstopfunctioningwithoutcarsshouldnotbeownedbyoneindividualcausesmanydeathstohumansociety54．Theexpressionclosestinmeaningtothephrase“inconvoy”inthelastparagraphis________.line C．sidebyside D．shouldertoshoulder55．Whatwillhappenifcarsarejoinedtoeachotherelectro-nicallyin2023?willgetaclearviewoftheroad.willbelesspollutioncausedbycar.weatherconditionwillnothaveeffectonmotorists.trainswillbumlessfuelthanpresent.一，从而减少大气污染。Ⅳ.书面表达(满分25分)假定你叫张华，你的同学李明即将去上海学习。现由你写一封便函给你们的朋友Jim，约他聚会。内容要点如下：(1)聚会时间：本星期五下午3点30分；(2)聚会地点：东风路225号，李明家；(3)按下图所画路线告诉Jim怎样去李明家。注意：(1)便函用英语写，并注明便函的时间：2012年4月9日；(2)内容包括说明部分和要点；(3)字数：100左右。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1答案：Cprotect...from...“保护……免受……”。2答案：B因为从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中主语后助动词为be动词，所以从句中省略了主语和be动词。3答案：Cinvite与people之间有被动关系，用过去分词invited作people的后置定语。4答案：Dattendon“照顾”。5答案：B此句中suggest表示“暗示，表明”，所以不用虚拟。6答案：Conly放在句首，句子用部分倒装。7答案：A句意：据证实醉酒驾驶是南京五人死亡的原因。betoblamefor“对……负责任，是……的原因”。8答案：B她脸上惊讶的表情说明以前她并不知道这件事情。surprised“惊讶的”，用于形容人的表情、声音和心情；suggest作“表明，暗示”解时，后面的宾语从句要用陈述语气。9答案：Cbeabsorbedin“专心于……，全神贯注于……”。10答案：Aputforward“提出”；putaway“将……收起”；putdown“记下，放下”；puton“穿上，戴上”。11答案：B语言是被“说”的，spoken修饰language作定语。12答案：Dnot...until...“直到……才……”。13答案：Cso...that如此……以至于。14答案：Arealize先于decide之前发生，用完成时，我“意识到”是主语主动发出的动作，故用现在分词作状语。15答案：BI'mafraid表示礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事，意为“恐怕，很遗憾”。本题中I'mafraidnot.表示“很遗憾，我不知道。”16答案：BBonnie罹患癌症，在治疗的过程中肯定要受很多的折磨和痛苦，aseriesof“一系列，一连串”，asetof“一套”，apackof“一包”，因此选B。17答案：B本题考查词性，一般来说患了癌症就像判了死刑一样，而Bonnie却微笑着面对，没有把它看作死亡之症，她用幽默的方式对待它。seriously“严重地”，是副词；deadly“致死的”，是形容词；terribly“糟糕地”，副词，fearfully“恐惧地，害怕地”，此处需要形容词，因此选B。18答案：A本题考查代词的区别。根据上下文可知她以幽默的方式对待癌症，用另一种方式对待它，三者或三者以上用another,theothers“另一些”，代指复数；other“其他的”，others“另一些”，和some相对，因此选A。19答案：C根据上下文可知她教导人们虽然癌症不是件有趣的事儿，但是我们却可以用幽默的方式对待它。根据though可知是转折让步的语气，因此选C。20答案：D本题考查连词的用法。根据句意：当她诊断出得了癌症时，她的第二个孩子还有三个月就要出生了。while后要接延续性动词，而diagnose是非延续性的，因此选D。21答案：B根据上下文可知在怀孕的情况下得知自己患了癌症，肯定是由高兴变为忧虑和绝望，sad“悲伤的”；happy“高兴的”；fortune“幸运的”；sick“有病的”；因此选B。22答案：D根据上下文可知她变得很绝望，担心自己的生命，这是正常的反应，因此选D。23答案：C本题考查动词的词义辨析。根据上下文可知她生完孩子以后才开始治疗，deliverababy“生孩子”；make“制造”；attend“参加”；open“打开”；因此选C。C．Thus D．Here24答案：A本题考查副词的用法。根据上下文可知接下来是化疗，then放于句首，句子倒装，here意思不匹配，因此选A。25答案：D根据上下文可知，得了癌症她刚开始是很恐慌、很害怕、很绝望的，开始化疗后，她的生活充满了恐惧和泪水，failure“失败”；loneliness“寂寞”；wonder“奇迹”；因此选D。26答案：A根据上下文：当她的头发都掉光了，戴假发时她的人生跌到了最低谷。high“高的”；great“伟大的”；ugly“丑陋的”；因此选A。27答案：C本题考查动词的区别，tryon“试穿，试戴”；固定搭配，wear不与on连用，carryon“坚持”；fasten“系，拴紧”；因此选C。28答案：B本题考查动词词组的辨析。根据句意：那时我决定如何去面对它，how和dealwith连用，而dowith和what连用，gowith“伴随，与……相配”；meetwith“碰到，遇见”，因此选B。29答案：D根据上下文可知是在cryingoverthishadwig和laughingaboutit两者之间进行选择，不管是哪一个都会让我的儿子记住。两者之间进行选择用either,因此选D。30答案：C根据上文可知她在试戴假发的时候她的大儿子看见了，因此选C。31答案：D根据上文可知Bonnie开始从癌症患者之间收集有趣的故事，并且在收集故事的过程中她得到了很多，因此答案选D。32答案：B本题考查动词词组的辨析。根据上下文可知Bonnie利用自己的光头做模特，开始设计贺卡和日历，“着手做某事”可为setouttodosth./setaboutdoingsth./getdowntodoingsth.；setdown“写下”，因此选B。33答案：B根据句意；要想拥有快乐，我们需要笑，needtodosth.“需要做某事”，oughttodosth.“应该做某事”，wanttodosth.“想要做某事”，longtodosth.“渴望做某事”，故选B.34答案：A本题考查动词的用法。根据上下文可知：很明显，你可以通过笑来增强战胜病魔的自信心。getover“从(疾病、失望等)中恢复过来，克服(困难等)”，thinkover“仔细考虑”，runover“复查(超过)，在……上驶过”，takeover“接管，接任”，因此选A。35答案：B根据上下文可知，你可以通过笑来增强战胜病魔的自信心。bymeansof“通过某种方式”；intermsof“按照”，throughthemethodof和bythewayof没有这种搭配，因此选B。36答案：B推理判断题。下文有“havealwaysshownamarkedtasteforportra