高中英语北师大版Unit21HumanBiology 第十九单元过关检测

第十九单元过关检测(时间:90分钟分值:120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。A导学号53110016Evenachildknowsthatnodding(点头)theheadmeans“Yes”.ButsomepeoplewillprobablybepuzzledwhentheyfirstcometotheytalktoanIndian,heoftenshakeshismightthinkthattheIndiandoesnotlikewhattheysaid,butonthecontraryheisexpressingagreement.TheIndianshaveahabitofshakingtheirheadsslightlywhentheytalktodoesn’tmean“No”,but“Yes”.Ifapersondoesn’tknowthis,itmightcausemisunderstanding.AtonetimeaforeignerinIndiatoldhisdriverwhowasanIndiantotakehimtohisdrivershookhisforeignerrepeatedhisrequestandthedrivershookhisheadlast,theforeignershoutedangrily,“Drivemetomyofficeatonce!”Thedriversaidinalowvoice,“Yes,sir,”smilingandshakinghisheadagainatthesametime.speaking,noddingtheheadmeans,andshakingtheheadmeans.

;No;Yes;Yes ;No提示:细节理解题。第一句话说即便一个小孩都明白点头表示yes,由此可知答案为A项。答案:AtothehabitoftheIndians,ifsomeoneagreeswithyou,hewill.

hisheadhisheadnodhisheadnorshakehisheadnodhisheadorshakehishead提示:细节理解题。据第二段可推知答案为B项。答案:BdidtheIndiandrivershakehisheadwhentheforeigneraskedhimtodrivehimtohisoffice?theIndiandriverhassomethingimportanttodo.theforeignerpromisedtogivehimonlyalittlemoney.thedriverfeltuncomfortableatthattime.inIndiashakingtheheadmeansagreement.提示:推理判断题。在印度摇头表示同意。故选D项。答案:Ddidtheforeignerbecomeangry?theIndiandriverdidn’twanttosendhimtohisoffice.hemisunderstoodthemeaningofshakingtheheadinIndia.heaskedthedrivertosendhimtohisoffice,buttheIndiandriverdidn’tsayanywords.theIndiandriveraskedhimforalotofmoney.提示:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ifapersondoesn’tknowthis,itmightcausemisunderstanding.”可知答案为B项。答案:BB导学号53110017Tobecomemoreawareofbodylanguage,watchTVwiththevoiceoffeverynight,forthreeweeksinaguessingwhat’sgoingonjustfrombodylanguage,you’llimproveyourabilityofreadingit.Keepinmindthateachpersonhastheirownuniquebodylanguagecalledbaselinespecialattentiontochangesinbodylanguageratherthanthebodylanguageitself.It’seasytospotaconfidentperson:theywillmakeprolongedeyecontactandhaveastrongmayalsositorstandveryeyecontactcanalsobefoundinlovers’orfamilies’eyes.Watchyourownbodylanguage;seewhatmessageyou’regivingoff.Forsomepeopleit’shardtolookpeopleintheeyeduringadiscussionbecauseof’timmediatelytakeitpersonally.Whenpeoplelicktheirlips,itcanbeasignofinterestorexcitementbecausesubconsciouslywhensomeoneisarousedtheirlipstendtobecarefulitcouldjustbethattheirlipsaredryorthatitisahabit.Beawareofthetwitchusuallymeanstheyareagitatedorannoyed.Watchtheface—itwillusuallygiveoffaquicklyinvoluntaryandsometimessubconscioustwitchwhensomethingirritates,excites,oramusesthem.Iftheyleanforward,they’reinterestedinlisteningtoyou.Whenapersoncloseshis/hereyeslongerthanthetimeittakestoblink,thatusuallymeansthathe/shefeelsstress,alarm,ordespair.Whenobservingothers,besubtleaboutit.Whenapersonoftentapshisfingersonsomethingit’susuallyasignofexcitementorimpatience.doesthepassagemainlytalkabout?othersclosely.countrieshavedifferentbodylanguage.peoplehavedifferentbodylanguage.ofbodylanguage.提示:主旨大意题。本文从多方面介绍了关于肢体语言的细节。答案:Deyecontactmaymeanthepersonis.

提示:细节理解题。从第三段中的“It’seasytospotaconfidentperson:theywillmakeprolongedeyecontactandhaveastrongmayalsositorstandverycorrectly.”可知答案。答案:Cbodylanguagemaymeanheorsheisinterestedorexcited?theirlips.theirmouths.forward.theirfingers.提示:细节理解题。从第六段中的“Whenpeoplelicktheirlipsitcanbeasignofinterestorexcitementbecausesubconsciouslywhensomeoneisarousedtheirlipstendtodry.”可知答案。答案:Aapersonisfondofwhatyouaresaying,hemay.

hiseyes othersforward stress提示:细节理解题。从第九段中的“Iftheyleanforward,they’reinterestedinlisteningtoyou.”可知答案:。答案:CC导学号53110018Everypeoplehastheirownwayofsayingthings,theirownspecialAmericanexpressionsarebasedoncolors.RedisahotoftenuseittoexpressmaysaytheyareredhotaboutsomethingtheyareredhottheyareveryangryaboutsmallhottastingpeppersfoundinmanyMexicanfoodsarecalledredhotsfortheircolorandtheirfieryloudmusicispopularwithmanymaysaythemusicisredhot,especiallythekindcalledDixielandjazz.PinkisalighterkindofsometimessaytheyareinthepinkwhentheyareingoodexpressionwasfirstusedinAmericaatthebeginningofthetwentiethprobablycomesfromthefactthatmanybabiesarebornwithanicepinkcolorwhichshowsthattheyareingoodhealth.BlueisacooltraditionalbluesmusicintheUnitedStatesistheoppositeofredhotisslow,sadandEllingtonandhisorchestrarecordedafamoussong-MoodIndigo-aboutthedeepbluecolor,whoisblueisverysad.Thecolorgreenisnaturalfortreesanditisanunnaturalcolorforpersonwhohasasickfeelingstomachmaysayhefeelsalittlepassengeronaboatwhoisfeelingverysickfromhighwavesmaylookverygreen.Sometimesapersonmaybeupsetbecausehedoesnothavesomethingasniceasafriendhas,likeafastnewpersonmaysayheisgreenwithpeoplearegreenwithenvybecauseafriendhasmoredollarsorarecalledgreenbacksbecausethatisthecolorofthebacksideofthepapermoney.Thecolorblackisoftenusedindescribeadayinwhicheverythinggoeswrongasablackdateofamajortragedyisrememberedasablackblacklistisillegalatonetime,somebusinessesrefusedtoemploypeoplewhowereonablacklistforbelongingtounpopularorganizations.youhadyourwalletstolenwhiledoingsomeshopping,youmaycallit.

whiteday blackdayredday greenday提示:推理判断题。最后一段说,人们将什么都不对劲的那一天称为“黑色的日子”,买东西的时候钱包被人偷了,可谓“黑色的日子”。答案:BMrBrownsaysheisveryhappybecausehisthreechildrenareallinthepink,thismeansallhischildrenare.

andwealthy andmodestandhealthy andenergetic提示:推理判断题。从文章第三段对“粉红色”的描述看,粉红色是健康的象征,因为刚出世的婴儿呈粉红色,由此可推知当MrBrown说他的三个孩子们都呈粉红色时,意味着他的孩子都很健康。答案:Cshegothomeandfoundnothinghadbeendonebyherhusband,Janewasreally.

hot 提示:推理判断题。回到家里,发现丈夫什么事情都没有做,妻子当然十分生气了,根据第二段第四句可知生气可用redhot来描述。答案:Athefollowingparagraph,thewritermighttellthereaderssomethingabout.

organizationsintheworld’sresponsetowardsablackdayinfluenceofthetraditionalblueswordsaboutacolor,suchasbrown提示:推理判断题。文章开头说,美国的很多日常表达都与颜色有关,然后介绍了red、pink、blue、green、black所表示的含义,那么下文应该是继续介绍其他颜色所表示的含义。答案:D第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。导学号53110019TheMayanIndianslivedinMexicoforthousandsofyearsbeforetheSpanisharrivedintheMayaswereanintelligent,culturallyrichpeoplewhoseachievementswerehadfarms,beautifulpalaces,andcitieswithmanybuildings.13Thisknowledgehelpedthemtoliveabetterlifethanmostpeopleofthattime,becausetheycoulduseittomaketheirlivesmorecomfortableandrewarding.

InancientMexicothereweremanysmallclearingsintheeachclearingwasavillagewithfieldsofcorn,beans,andothercropsaroundclearthelandforfarms,theMayascutdowntreeswithstoneplantedseedsbydiggingholesinthegroundwithpointedsticks.14ButnoteveryMayahadtobeawereclothmakers,builders,orpriests.

TheMayasbuiltlargetemplestohonortheMayanworkersbuiltcitiesaroundthese,manyoftheseancientMayancitiesandtemplesarestillstanding.AlthoughthecitiesthattheMayasbuiltwerebeautiful,andthepeopleworkedhardtobuildthem,veryfewofthepeoplelivedin,onlythepriestslivedintheotherpeoplelivedinsmallvillagesinthelivedinsmallhutswithnowallsweremadeofpolescoveredwithdriedmud,andtheroofwasmadeofgrassorleaves.15

MeasuringtimewasimportanttotheMayas.16Asystemwasdevelopedformeasuringtimepriestsmadethesystemtokeeptrackofmadeacalendarbasedontheirstudyofthesun,moonandMayancalendarwasfarmoreaccuratethantheEuropeancalendarsofthetime.

Aroundtheyear800,theMayaslefttheirvillagesandbeautifulcities,nevertoreturn.17Theymayhavediedfromaninfectiousmayhaveleftbecausethesoilcouldnolongergrowarestilltryingtofindthelostsecretsofthearestilloneofourgreatestmysteries.

oneknowswhythishappened.Mayaslivedasimplelifewhichwasclosetonature.Mayaswereanintelligent,culturallyrichpeople.neededtoknowwhentoplantandharvesttheircrops.hadtofightagainstnaturaldisastersascommonoccurrences.farmerwasabletogrowcropsthatproducedfoodforseveralpeople.Mayasknewalotaboutnatureandtheworldaroundthem.答案:13~17GFBDA第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。导学号53110020PeoplefromGreatBritainbroughttheEnglishlanguagetoNorthAmericainthe16thand17thinthe18300years,therewere19manychangesin20placesthatnowpeoplecan21tellanEnglishperson22anAmericaninthewayheorshespeaks.

Manyoldwords23inEnglandbutwerekeptinexample,300yearsagopeopleinGreatBritaingottheirwaterfromsomethingtheycalledeithera“faucet”,a“spigot”ora“tap”.Allthesewordsare24heardindifferentpartsofAmerica,butonly“tap”isstillcommonin25.Americansoftenmadeupnewwordsorchangedold26.

“Corn”isonekindofplantsinAmericaand27inEngland.

Also,overthelastthreecenturiestheEnglishlanguage28thousandsofnewwordsforthingsthatweren’tknown29.Andoften,AmericanandEnglishpeopleusedsfortincaniscalled“tin”forshortinEngland,buta“can”inword“radio”is31allovertheworld,includingmanyEnglishpeoplecallita“wireless”.Andalmostanythinghavingsomethingtodo32cars,railroads,etc.33differentnamesinBritishandAmericanEnglish.

ButnowAmericanandBritishEnglishmaybegrowingclose34isthelargenumbersofAmericanspeechesthatEnglishpeopleheardailyinmovies,ontelevision,or35travelers.36this,AmericansseemtobeinfluencingtheEnglishpeoplemoreorsomeday,Englishmayevenbe37onbothsidesoftheAtlantic.

提示:“inthefollowing300years”指“接下来的300年里”。(以上文16,17世纪为起点)

答案:A 提示:考查so...that...“如此……以至于……”。句意:两地的变化是如此之大,以至于人们能够根据说话的方式来区分英国人和美国人。答案:C 提示:第一句话信息“GreatBritain”“NorthAmerica”表明两处地方。答案:B 提示:本句信息“somanychanges”。按照常理,区别大辨别起来自然容易。答案:D 提示:tell...from...为固定搭配,意为“把……和……区别开”。答案:B disappeared 提示:but表明上下转折与对比。与kept相对应的词是disappeared。答案:A 提示:与后文“butonly‘tap’isstillcommonin25.”对比。

答案:D twocountries 提示:整个例子是说明单词在“America”与“England”两个国家的使用。上句已经提到“America”“but”,之后进行对比,自然指“England”。答案:C 提示:句意:美国人常常创造新单词或改变旧单词。结合取代词的用法ones取代上文的words,可数名词复数表示泛指。答案:C 提示:玉米在美国是一种植物,而在英国又是其他一种。答案:A added discovered提示:“newwords”与“thatweren’tknown29”表明是新添的单词。

答案:B somecountries centuries提示:根据常理:新添的单词自然是以前未知的单词。答案:C 提示:后文例子“Atincaniscalled‘tin’forshortinEngland,buta‘can’inAmerica.”以及“Theword‘radio’is31allovertheworld,includingmanyEnglishpeoplecallita‘wireless’.”可知美国人与英国人对同一事物使用两个不同的名字。

答案:C 提示:句意:单词“radio”在全世界使用。答案:D 提示:havesomethingtodowith...为固定句型,意为“与……有关”。答案:C given given提示:have表示“拥有”,anything做主语,谓语动词用单数。答案:A 提示:此处在举例证明英美两国的语言越来越相似,onething指其中的一个例子。答案:A 提示:介词搭配fromtravelers指来自游客。答案:A of提示:从上下文句意推出:上下句是因果关系,所以选becauseof。答案:D differentsame useful提示:与主旨有关。本段主旨在举例证明英美两国的语言越来越相似,所以,推测将来有一天,英美会使用相同的英语。答案:C第二节(共10小题;每小题分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。导学号53110021Withthe38.(develop)ofindustry,airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreBeijing,manypeoplesufferdifferentkindsofillnessesbecause39.airpollution.

Airpollutioniscausedbythefollowing40.:abouthalfoftheproblemiscausedbyaremoreandmorecars,busesontheroads,andtheygiveoff41.(poison)%ofairpollutioniscausedbyfactoristhenotonlydoesharmtotheirhealth42.to.these,about10%ofairpollutioniscausedbyotherreasons.

Weshouldtakesomemeasurestofight44.fuelcanbeusedtotake45.placeofcanplantmoreeverybodyrealisesthe46.(important)ofenvironmentanddoessomethingtostoppollution,theproblemwill47.(solve).

答案:factorssolved第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。导学号53110022MrJohnsonisahardworkingday,hespendstoomuchtimewithhislittlesleepandhardlyanybreak,soheworksfrommorningtillworkhasmadehimveryill