初三年级英语朱熹是怎样读书的

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朱熹是南宋时期理学大家，又是着名的教导家。他一生大片面时间都在读书和教书，提出过大量精辟的见解。他死后不久，弟子们将他的读书阅历归纳为六条，称为“朱子读书法”，对于今人，仍有启示和借鉴的作用。

ZhuXiwasagreatmasterofNeoConfucianismandafamouseducatorintheSouthernSongDynasty.Hespentmostofhislifereadingandteaching,andputforwardmanybrilliantideas.Soonafterhisdeath,thedisciplessummeduphisreadingexperienceintosixpieces,called"ZhuZi"sreadingmethod",whichstillhasenlightenmentandreferencefortoday"speople.

第一，循序渐进。朱熹说：“读书之法，莫贵于循守而致精。”什么是循序渐进？就是说，读书要有个先后依次，读通一书，再读一书。就读一书而言，那么要逐字逐句逐段按依次读，先读的未弄通，就不能读后面的。这样才不会生吞活剥或杂乱无章。朱熹还进一步指出，读书要从易到难，从浅到深，从近到远，急不得，也慢不得。“所谓急不得者，成果不成急；

所谓不成慢者，工夫不成慢。”这是在告被读书人既不成急于求成，也不成松松垮垮，而要进度适当，方能见效。

First,stepbystep.ZhuXisaid:"thelawofreadingisnottobevaluedforfollowingtherulesandachievingperfection."Whatisstepbystep?Thatistosay,thereshouldbeasequenceinreading,readingonebookandreadinganother.Toreadabook,weshouldreaditwordbyword,sentencebysentence,paragraphbyparagraph,andinorder.Ifwedon"tgetthroughwhatwereadfirst,wecan"treadwhatwereadlater.Inthisway,itwillnotbeeatenaliveordisorderly.ZhuXifurtherpointedoutthatreadingshouldbefromeasytodifficult,fromshallowtodeep,fromneartofar,neitherurgentnorslow."Theso-calledurgent,theeffectcannotbeurgent;theso-calledcannotslow,workcannotslow."Thisistoinformthereadersthattheyshouldneitherrushforsuccessnorslackendown,butthattheycanonlyachieveresultswithproperprogress.

其次，熟读精恩。他认为有些人读书收效不大，是由于在“熟”和“精”二字上下功夫不够。他还批评那种读书贪多的倾向，一再讲“读书不成贪多，且要精熟。如今日看得一板，且看半板，将那精力来更看前半板”。

Second,readJingencarefully.Hethinksthatsomepeople"sineffectivereadingisduetotheirlackofeffortsintheword"familiar"and"refined".Healsocriticizesthetendencytoreadtoomuch,sayingagainandagain,"donotreadtoomuch,andbeproficient.".Ifyoucanseeoneboardtoday,justlookatthehalfboardandseethefirsthalfoftheboardmorewiththatenergy.".

第三，虚心涵泳。朱熹曾批评当时普遍存在的两种毛病：一是“主私意”，就是以自己的想法去揣测书中的道理，穿凿附会，歪曲了古人本来意思。二是“旧有先人之说”，就是从前采纳的观点不愿放弃，从而排斥采纳新的观点。

Third,swimmingwithmodesty.ZhuXioncecriticizedtwokindsofcommondefectsatthattime:oneis"master"sprivatewill",whichistoguessthetruthinthebookwithhisownideas,todistorttheoriginalmeaningoftheancients.Thesecondis"theoldsayingofancestors",thatis,thepreviouslyacceptedviewsarenotwillingtogiveup,soastoexcludetheacceptanceofnewviews.

为了校正以上这两种不好的毛病，朱熹看法读书务必虚怀若谷，静心思虑，悉心体会本意。朱熹强调读书要细心“涵泳”，就是要反复咀嚼，深刻体会行中的旨趣。

Inordertocorrecttheabovetwokindsofbadfaults,ZhuXiadvocatedthatreadingshouldbeopen-minded,thoughtfulandfullyawareoftheauthor"soriginalintention.ZhuXistressedthatreadingshouldbepatient,thatis,tochewrepeatedlyanddeeplyunderstandthepurportofdoing.

第四，切已体察。朱熹看法“读书穷理，当体之于身”。什么叫“体之于分”？就是要心领神会，身体力行。从读书法的角度来看，朱熹强调读书务必联系自己，()联系实际，将学到的理论转化为行动，这个观点是可取的。

Fourth,wemustbeawareofit.ZhuXiadvocatedthat"readingispoor,andlearningshouldbebasedonthebody".Whatis"thebodyisdivided"?It"saboutunderstandingandpracticing.Fromthepointofviewofreadingmethod,ZhuXistressedthatreadingmustbeconnectedwithhimselfandpractice,andthetheorylearnedshouldbetransformedintoaction.

第五，着紧用力。“着紧用力”包含有两个意思：一是指时间上要抓紧，要“饥忘食，渴忘饮，始得。”二是指精神上要振作．要有刚毅坚决，发愤英勇的精神。“如撑上水船，一篙不成放缓。”

Fifth,tightenup."Tightandforceful"includestwomeanings:first,weshouldgraspthetimeand"forgettoeatwhenhungry,forgettodrinkwhenthirsty."Second,weneedtobespirituallyactive,resoluteandcourageous."Ifyouembarkonawaterboat,youcan"tslowdownapenny."

第六，居敬持志。所谓居敬持志，就是读书务必精神专一，全神贯注，还要有远大的志向，顽强的毅力。这也是朱熹读书之法的最根本精神。

Sixth,respectandholdth