1. 第一章 植物发育生物学概述

幻灯制作和修改：

Prof.孟金陵，Dr.龙艳

葛贤宏gexianhong13419668810植物发育生物学

PlantDevelopmentalBiology需要具备的基本知识植物学、植物生理学、植物生物化学、遗传学、细胞生物学。中心法则？DNA，基因，基因结构，基因克隆？基因表达，基因表达调控？基因组学、表观遗传学？WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?生长，分化，发育，

系统发育，进化？Development！AnimalAnatomy（动物解剖学）Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantAnimalAnatomyTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantAnimalEmbryology（动物胚胎学）Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplant个体发育过程是对系统发育过程的重演.HaeckelTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplant生物个体如何从受精卵而来？ThomasMorganTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantThomasMorganGeneticsSexallinkedinheritanceGeneticsSexallinkedinheritanceBiochemistry动物解剖学生物化学动物胚胎学遗传学Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantAnimalEmbryologyBiochemistryAnimalAnatomyGeneticsTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantAnimalEmbryology(胚胎学）AnimalAnatomy动物解剖学DevelopmentalBiology(Animal)GeneticsTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantBiochemistryAdisciplinestudyingpatternformationandorgandevelopmentinanimal1950’sAdisciplinestudyingpatternformationandorgandevelopmentinanimal1980’sAnimalEmbryologyAnimalAnatomyDevelopmentalBiology(Animal)GeneticsMolecularBiologyBiochemistrymechanismof1950’s母源效应基因缝隙基因配对法则基因分节极性基因AnimalEmbryologyAnimalAnatomyGeneticsMolecularBiologyBiochemistryWhynotPlantinmost20thcentury?Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplant1980’s1950’sAdisciplinestudyingpatternformationandmechanismofdevelopmentinanimalDevelopmentalBiology(Animal)AnatomyQuestion1:Howdoplantsdevelop?OpenQuestion:Howdoplantsdevelop?PlantEmbryology植物发育具有以下特点：植物是一种形态学上简单的有机体；植物细胞具有全能性；植物既可以用孢子，也可以用配子进行生殖；高等植物中具有双受精现象；植物胚胎发生完成于休眠种子的形成；高等植物的胚形成两个具有不同发育命运的器官系统；植物具有无限的发育程序；植物的形态建成在没有细胞移动的情况下进行；环境因子在植物发育中扮演主要的角色植物开花和花型决定碳氮比假说光周期调控激素作用“成花素”春化作用植物开花基因调控网络花器官决定的ABC模型ABCD模型ABCDE模型PlantBiologyAnatomyEmbryoComparativeExperimentalPhysiologicalBiochemicalEmbryologyReproductiveBiologyBotanyTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantDevelopmentalBiology(Animal)Endof20thcenturyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyPlantBiologyAnatomyEmbryoComparativeExperimentalPhysiologicalBiochemicalEmbryologyReproductiveBiologyBotanyTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantEndof20thcenturyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyAnimalDevelopmentalBiologyDevelopmentalBiologyAdisciplinestudyingpatternformationandmechanismofdevelopmentinanimals.Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantEndof20thcenturyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyAnimalDevelopmentalBiologyDevelopmentalBiologyandplants.植物发育生物学白书农，2003;崔克明，2007植物发育的分子机理许智宏主编，1999MolecularGeneticsofPlantDevelopmentHowell,1998DevelopmentalBiologyofFloweringPlantsRaghavan,2000MechanismsinPlantDevelopmentLeyser&Day,2002PlantDevelopmentalBiologyEndof20thcenturyBooks?植物发育分子生物学严海艳，2012植物分子遗传学刘良式主编1997，2003植物发育生物学白书农，2003植物发育的分子机理许智宏主编，1999MolecularGeneticsofPlantDevelopmentHowell,1998DevelopmentalBiologyofFloweringPlantsRaghavan,2000MechanismsinPlantDevelopmentLeyser&Day,2002DevelopmentDevelopmentalGeneticsGeneticsandDevelopmentalPlantCellPlantJournalCellNatureScienceJournalPlantDevelopmentalBiologyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyEndof20thcenturyWhatisDevelopmentalBiology?Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantWhatisDevelopmentalBiology?WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?PlantDevelopmentalBiologyWhatisDevelopmentalBiology?WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?ForcompletingthestudyofBiologicalScienceandTechnologyPlantBiologyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyPlantPhysiologyReproductiveBiologyBotanyPlantBiochemistryGeneticsMolecularBiologyBioinformaticsCellBiologyGenomicsWhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?Acut-edgedisciplineinLifeScienceAcut-edgedisciplineinLifeScience植物重要器官分化和形态建成的分子机制附件1：国家重点基础研究发展计划和重大科学研究计划2013年重要支持方向农业科学领域1.主要农作物生殖发育的分子机理和提高杂种优势利用效率的研究2.作物脂肪酸和特殊营养成分形成和调控的分子机理研究3.作物器官衰老的分子基础及其对产量、品质性状形成的调控研究4.农业动物繁殖力和优良生产性状遗传机理研究5.农业动物安全高效养殖的基础研究6.提高草原生产力和农田水分、养分高效利用的基础研究7.农林有害生物的生物学防治机理和综合控制8.真菌利用与病原性真菌防控的生物学研究WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?Lectures:32hrsHowtostudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?Part1:植物生殖发育Part2:植物营养发育PlantDevelopmentalBiology第一部分：植物生殖发育1.导言2.植物发育生物学研究方法3.植物开花决定与花型决定4.高等植物的性别决定和生殖器官的发育5.植物的传粉和受精6.植物胚胎发育7.植物果实发育8.植物的光形态建成9.植物激素与植物发育10.植物根的发育11.植物茎顶端和叶的发育12.逆境中的植物发育第二部分：植物营养发育Thelectureswillgoonby--Studylively!LiteraturereadingGroupdiscussionOralpresentationAskingquestionsTeachings20%:Studylively80%:

FinalexamScorecounting:WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?HowtostudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?