阅读理解细节题解题技巧

阅读理解解题技巧之StrategiesforQuestionsofDetails细节理解题.主旨大意作者意图、观点态度细节理解猜测词义推理判断20141111252013319252012211313项目数量年份Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy.26.Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen______.

A.theyoffertheirhelpB.theyreceiveothers’helpC.theyfeelothers’kindnessD.theyshowtheirweaknessA2011年广东

迅速定位：在题干找定位词1解题思路：如何迅速地找答案？1.定位信息点－－通过寻读法，用题干中的关键词（包括专有名词、数词、实体名词、形容词、副词，以及这些词的同义词）在文中搜索，迅速确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，缩小阅读范围。注意：文章中反复出现的专有名词是全文描述对象的中心，没有唯一出处，所以不能算是定位词。

2.排除字眼相同或相近但意思相悖的选项，正确选项与原文意思相同但表达不同。

Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending.Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe’rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat’sinthem.Theauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause________.A.hehasasoftheartB.hereliesmuchonothersC.somepeoplepretendtobekind.D.somepeoplefailtoseethekindnessinothers巩固练习1D2011年广东Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater,Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportfortheduty.Inhisapplicationforthevolunteerjob,theauthor_________.A.participatedinmanydiscussionsB.wentthroughchallengingsurvivaltestsC.wrotequiteafewpapersonvoluntaryworkD.facedstrongcompetitionfromothercandidates巩固练习2survivaltests生存测试2014年广东DWhenIwasgrowingupinAmerica,Iwasashamedofmymother’sChineseEnglish.BecauseofherEnglish,shewasoftentreatedunfairly.Peopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.

Whywastheauthor’smotherpoorlyserved?

A.ShewasunabletospeakgoodEnglish.

B.Shewasoftenmisunderstood.

C.Shewasnotclearlyheard.

D.Shewasnotverypolite.

2010年广东A迅速定位：找题干定位词2解题思路：题干设计有时候会避开原文中所用的词汇，而用其同义词、近义词、反义词或同根词设题。做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型，对考生来说有一定难度。Butthekeyissueisreallymoney．Chinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofyuanondomesticrailwayexpansion．

Accordingtothepassage，

thegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis________．

A．technicalissuesB．safetyofthesystem

C．financialproblemsD．maintenanceofrailwaytracks

巩固练习2010年江苏CFoodsometimesgetspoisonedwithkindsofharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.迅速定位：2.找选项中的定位词BJaekwon’snewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssize,butalsoinitssemiconductor(半导体).Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.“Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergy,partoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructure(晶格结构)ofthesolidsemiconductor,”Kwonsaid.“Byusingaliquidsemiconductor,webelievewecanminimizethatproblem.”TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertson,chemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactor,Kwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuture,theyhopetoincreasethebattery’spower,shrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatthebatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.AccordingtoJaeKwon,hisnuclearbattery_____.

A.usesasolidsemiconductor

B.willsoonreplacethepresentones

C.couldbeextremelythinD.haspassedthefinaltestC数字计算题解题思路：数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。Morepersonalizedwildlifeviewinglimitedto130peopleprovidingcloserviewingofthepenguinarrivalthanthemainviewingstands.Adult$25.00Child$12.50Howmuchwouldacouplewithonechildpayforacloserviewingtour?A$37.50.B.$62.50.C.$25.00.D.$12.50.B2014高三模拟HowNat’sTwitterFeederWorks:Whenamessageissentto@feedtobyitisreceivedbyamini-computerthatislinkedtothefoodmachine.Whenthemini-computerreceivesthemessage,abellringsandTobycomesrunningoverandsitsinfrontofthefeedingmachine.Nextthemachine’smotorpullsopenatrapdoorwhichreleasesaservingoffood.ThedoggybiscuitsthendropsintoToby'sfoodbowl.FinallyadigitalcameratakesaphotoofhimandsendsitbacktoNatonTwitter-soheknowsTobyhasbeenfed.34.WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofhowtheTwitterFeederworks?a.Thebellgoesoff.b.Amessageissentto@feedtoby.c.Themini-computergetsthemessage.d.ThedigitalcameratakesaphotoofTobyandsendsittoNat.e.Themotorstartstoworkandopensthedoortoreleasedogfood.A.a,b,c,e,dB.b,c,e,a,dC.b,c,a,e,dD.c,b,a,d,eC四、排序题排列顺序题解题思路：做这种题时可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。In1905,AlbertEinsteinpublishedsomeimportantpapersinaGermanscientificmagazine.Theyincludedoneofthemostimportantscientificdocumentsinhistory.Itexplainedwhatcametobecalledhis“SpecialTheoryofRelativity”.Tenyearslater,heexpandedittoa“GeneralTheoryofRelativity”.In1921,hewontheNobelPrizeinPhysics.Itwasgiventohimnotforhistheoriesofrelativity,butforhisdiscoveryofthelawofthephotoelectriceffect.AlbertEinsteinleftGermanyin1933.hemovedtotheUnitedStatestocontinuehisresearch.EinsteinbecameacitizenoftheUnitedStatesin1940.What’stherightorderofthefollowingeventsaboutAlbertEinstein?aHebecameacitizenoftheUnitedStatesbHewontheNobelPrizeinPhysicscHePutforwardhis“GeneralTheoryofRelativity”.dHeleftGermanyfortheUnitedStatesAd,b,c,aBd,a,c,bCb,c,d,aDc,b,d,aD巩固练习综合检测【2010全国II】A篇

WhenIwassix,Dadbroughthomeadogoneday,whowascalled“Brownie”,MybrothersandIalllovedBrownieanddiddifferentthingswithher.Oneofuswouldwalkher,anotherwouldfeedher,thentherewerebaths,playingcatchandmanyothergames.Brownie,inreturn,lovedeachandeveryoneofus.Onethingthatmosttouchedmyheartwasthatshewouldgotowhoeverwassickandjustbewiththem.Wealwaysfeltbetterwhenshewasaround.41.WhatwouldBrowniedowhensomeonewasillinthefamily?

A.Lookatthemsadly.B.Keepthemcompany.

C.Playgameswiththem.D.Touchthemgently.

B小结：

细节理解解题方法

三大法宝：顺序原则、定位词、排除法

1.把握解题的顺序原则。一般来说隐含题目答案的位置与题目的顺序是一致的，这能帮助我们缩小寻找范围，大大提高效率。

2.通过定位词寻找出题点

通过定位词解题，就是说我们在阅读题干的时候迅速的把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。

3.排除法

（1）正确选项的特征

正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。a．张冠李戴：把A事物的特点说成是B事物的，企图混淆视听。b.断章取义：抓住一个字眼或细节做文章，对作者本意歪曲的理解。

c.过度猜测：文中并没有出现和选项一致的直接信息，选项对文意进行了不切实际的过度猜测。AtraincrashhappenedlateSaturdaywhentrainD301hitTrainD3115nearWenzhouinJiangsuProvince,leavingatleast39peopledeadand192othersinjured.Q:Howmanypersonsweredeadandinjuredintheaccident?A.Atleast39B.192C.About231D.About153综合检测1CButDavid’sbiggestheadacheiswhattodowithhismoney.Eventhoughheearnsalot,hecannotdriveacar,takeoutamortgage,orgetcreditcards.DavidgothisjobwiththeLiverpool-basecompanyfourmonthsago,ayearafterleavingschoolwithsixO-levelsandworkingforatimeinacomputershop.“IgotthejobbecausethepeoplewhorunthefirmknewIhadalreadywrittensomeprograms,”hesaid.Davidspendssomeofhismoneyonrecordsandclothes,andgiveshismother50poundsaweek.Butmostofhissparetimeisspentworking.Q:WhywasDavidabletogetthejobinthecompany?A.Hehaddonewellinallhisexams.B.hehadwrittensomecomputerprograms.C.Hewasgoodatplayingcomputergames.D.Hehadlearnttousecomputersatschool.综合检测2B

JudyForemanspottedthesamephraseonawarehousewallfarawayfromhome.Whenitstayedonhermindfordays,shegaveupanddroveallthewaybacktocopyitdown.“Ithoughtitwasbeautiful,”shesaid,explainingwhyshe’dtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters,“likeamessagefromabove.”32.JudyForemancopieddownthephrasebecauseshe______..A.thoughtitwasbeautifullywrittenB.wantedtoknowwhatitreallymeantC.decidedtowriteitonawarehousewallD.wantedherhusbandtoputitupintheclassroomA2014年高考Oneofhismostfamouscontributions,theHippocraticOath,isthefoundationofcontemporarymedicalethics(道德).Amongotherthings,itrequiresaphysiciantoswearthatheorshewillhelpthesick,keeponeselffromintentionalwrong-doingorharm,andkeepsecretallmatterstokeepthedoctor-patientrelationship.34.AllofthefollowingareincludedintheHippocraticOathEXCEPT________.A.helpingpatientsB.keepingoneselffromharmingpatientsC.keepingsecretallmatterstomaintainagoodrelationshipwiththepatientsD.obeyingrulesformodernmedicinepracticeD无中生有ABCThebabywasinareceivingblanketwithhisheadcoveredfor

theshorttripthroughthecoldair-conditionedcorridor.Thebabywas

placedinhismother'sarms,whoeasedtheblanketbacksothatshecould

lookatherchildforthefirsttime.Shetookonelookatherbaby'sfaceandlookedtoherhusbandandgasped,

“Oh,Honey!Look!Hehasyourears!”38.Whatistrueaboutthebaby’smother?A.Sheblamedherhusbandforthebaby’sbigears.B.Shewasthefirsttodiscoverthebaby’slargeears.C.Shesuggestedhavinganoperationonthebabyimmediately.D.Shefoundsomethingsimilarbetweenthebabyanditsfather.D无中生有无中生有2012茂名二模无中生有Thefutureseemedterribleandmanywerewonderingiftheywouldmakeitthroughthestorm.Andthen,Isuddenlysawagirltowhomthestormmeantnothing.Shejustsatonherseatandwasreadingabook.Everythingwithinhersmallworldwascalmandorderly.Sometimessheclosedhereyes,thenshewouldreadagain;thenshewouldstraightenherlegs,butworryandfearwerenotinherworld.29．Whichistherightorderofthedescriptionaboutthegirlwhenotherswerescaredhalftodeath?

a．Sheclosedhereyes.

b．Shestraightenedherlegs.

c．Shewentonreading.

d．Shesatonherseatreading.

A．d-a-c-bB．d-c-a-b

C．a-d-b-cD．a-b-c-dA

2014深圳一模1.Deathwillcomemainlyfromaccidents,murderandwar.Today'sleadingkillers,suchasheartdiseases,cancer,andagingitself,willbecomedistantmemory.Accordingtothepassage,humandeathisnowmainlycausedby____.A．diseasesandagingB．accidentsandwarC．accidentsandagingD．heartdiseaseandwarA3.Imaginationandfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear.Childrenknowthisverywell.FredEpstein,inhisbookIfIMakeIttoFive,tellsastoryheheardfromoneoffriendsaboutTom,afour-year-oldboywithacancerinhisbackbone.Hecamethroughseveraloperationsandalotofpainbymasteringhisimagination.26.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A.HewasseriouslyillB.Hewasadishonestboy.C.HewascrazyaboutmagicD.HewasDr.Epstein'spatientA2013年高考4.HisdogTobygetssomedeliciousdogbiscuitsfromacomputer-controlledfoodmachinewheneverNatsendsamessageto“@feedtoby”.Natoftenworksawayfromhomeandisn’talwaysabletofeedTobybyhand.ButhisnewinventionallowsNattofeedhisdogfromanywhereintheworld.（2014广州一模）31.Nathasinventedahigh-techwaytofeedhisdogbecausehe__________.A.wantshisfriendstofeedTodyB.hasverystrongcomputingskillsC.isoftentoobusytofeedhisdogD.doesn’tliketofeedTodybyhandC（2014广州一模）5.Inthestudy,