外研社英语课件：Module1LifeintheFutureandLanguagePoints课件(外研版必修4)

外研社高中英语课件Module1LifeintheFuture吴世双双基自主学习Ⅰ.重点单词Ⅰ.重点单词Ⅰ.重点单词Ⅱ.重点短语Ⅱ.重点短语1.nomatter引导让步状语从句Everyonewillbegivenatelephonenumberatbirththatwillneverchange____________________(无论他们住在哪里).2.too...to...太……以至于I’m____________________________________________(现在忙于享受我的生活,而无暇为未来担忧)！3.不完全否定_________________(不是所有的预言)cometrue.Ⅲ.佳句背诵

nomatterwheretheylivetoobusyenjoyingmylifenowtoworryaboutthefuture

Notallpredictions核心词汇精讲精讲精析—夯实基础1.Mylittlesonputmynewleathershoesinthewater.Afterdryingthem,Ifoundtheywereoutof______.A.shapeB.dateC.orderD.balance【解析】选A。句意：我的小儿子把我的新皮鞋放进了水里。晾干后,我发现鞋子变形了。outofshape变(走)样;outofdate过时;outoforder无序地;outofbalance失去平衡。2.Parents_______muchimportancetoeducation.Theywilldotheirbesttogivetheirchildrenthatpricelessgift.［2010江西,25］A.attachB.payC.linkD.apply【解析】选A。考查动词辨析与固定搭配。句意：父母认为教育非常重要。他们尽全力使孩子接受教育这个无价之宝。attachimportanceto认为……很重要;pay付钱;link...to...把……和……连接在一起;apply...to...把……应用于……。3.Asthereislessandlesscoalandoil,scientistsareexploringnewwaysofmakinguseof______energy,suchassunlight,windandwaterforpowerandfuel.［2009湖北,27］A.primaryB.alternativeC.instantD.unique【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。primary主要的,根本的,初期的;alternative两者择一的,替代的;instant立即的;unique独一无二的。句意：由于煤和石油越来越少,科学家正在寻求利用可替换能源如阳光、风和水作为能源与燃料的新方法。根据句意可知选B。4.Somestudentscomplainthattheyare______toomuchhomework.A.loadingwithB.loadedwithC.unloadingwithD.unloadedwith【解析】选B。考查load的用法。句意：有些学生抱怨说,他们的作业太多。beloadedwith充满,被装上,负担……。5.arrest

v.逮捕;拘留;吸引;n.逮捕;拘留

Policewillarrestcriminalsbyfiringnetsinsteadofguns.

警察将通过发射网而不是开枪抓捕罪犯。

(回归课本P2)

观察思考

Waynewasarrestedfordangerousdriving.

韦恩因危险驾驶而被拘留。

Herwarningtonearrestedmyattention.

她警告的口气引起了我的注意。Shewasunderarrestonsuspicionofmurder.她因涉嫌谋杀而被逮捕。归纳拓展arresteen.被捕者arrestern.逮捕者arrestmentn.拘捕;阻止;逮捕falsearrest［律］非法拘捕arrestsb.for

sth.因某事而逮捕某人arrestsb.onchargeof以……罪逮捕某人getarrested被捕arrestone’sattention引起某人的注意beunderarrest被拘留beput/placedunderarrest被捕;在拘留中活学活用(1)Theagentwas_____forcarryingafalsepassport.

A.charged

B.accused

C.suspected

D.arrested

解析

句意为:这位代理因携带假护照而被捕。

A、B项意为“控告;指控”;suspect意为“怀疑”。D(2)Whenshewas_____,thedetectivefoundoutthattheshopassistantwasherdaughter.

A.caught

B.arrested

C.captured

D.grasped

解析

arrestsb.(for

sth.)后多跟被捕原因;capture捕获,符合题意。C6.command

n.［U,C］命令,指挥;［U］控制;

v.命令,指挥;掌握;拥有

Inthefutureallshoppingwillbedoneonline,andcatalogueswillhavevoice

commandstoplaceorders.

在未来,所有的购物将在网上进行,并且购物清单将由声音指令操作。(回归课本P2)

观察思考

Forthefirsttimeinyears,hefeltincommandofhislife.

多少年来第一次,他觉得生活掌握在自己手里。Thecaptaincommandedthesoldierstofireatonce.(=Thecaptaincommandedthatthesoldiersfireatonce.)上校命令士兵立即开火。归纳拓展command后接的宾语从句中用虚拟语气(should)do,其后接的同位语和表语从句中也用虚拟语气。have/takecommandof指挥makecommandof控制dosth.at/byone’scommand奉某人之命做某事beatone’scommand听某人吩咐bein/underthecommandofsb.由某人统率commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事易混辨异command/order/direct(1)command指权威方面正式下命令。(2)order是常用词,多用于“非正式的命令”。(3)direct意为“指导;指挥”,多指“权威性的指导”。活学活用(1)Thegeneralcommandedthattheregiment____unlesshe____thecommand.

A.don’t

attack;give

B.didn’t

attack;willgave

C.shouldnotattack;wouldgive

D.not

attack;gave

解析

command表示“命令”后接从句时,从句中用“should+v.原形”的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略。在条件句中用一般时表示将来,故D项正确。D用command,order,direct的适当形式填空(2)Thefather

hissontoleavethespot.(3)Thegeneral_________hismentoattackthecity.(4)Doyouknowwho________thefilm?orderedcommandeddirected7.charge

n.费用;价钱;v.控诉;收费;充电

Allformsofrecreation,suchascinemas,bowling,softball,concertsandothers,willbeprovidedfreeofchargebythecity.

所有形式的消遣娱乐,像电影、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他的活动,都将由城市免费提供。

(回归课本P2)

观察思考

Thechargeforadmissionis$5foreach.

入场费每位五美元。

Howmuchdidhechargeyouforrepairingthebike?修自行车他收了你多少钱？Hewaschargedwithmurder.他被指控犯有谋杀罪。归纳拓展atone’sowncharge(s)自费,用自己的钱freeofcharge免费inchargeof负责in/underthechargeofsb.(in/underone’scharge)由某人负责;由某人照料(管理)have(the)chargeof负责;主管takechargeof负责;看管bringachargeofsth.againstsb.指控某人犯……罪chargesb.with

sth.因某事控告某人易混辨异(1)charge/accuse二者都含有“控告;谴责”的意思。①charge指“因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式法律控诉”,和介词with搭配使用。②accuse指“当面指控或指责,不一定诉诸法庭”,和介词of搭配使用。(2)charge/cost/expense①charge指某种服务或行政上的“收费,征费”。②cost指的是为某种目的的“支出性的、投资性的、成本性的”费用。③expense指的是各种可能的“开支,消费”,常用复数形式。活学活用—CanIhelpyou?—I’dlikearoomwithabath.Howmuchdoyou____?A.offer

B.afford

C.spare

D.charge解析根据句意知是“收多少钱”,故用charge。D1.—Whynoteatthischeeseup?—Thedoctoradvisedmetogoonadietto______myextraweight.［2011丹东模拟］A.comeupwithB.getridofC.runoutofD.keepoutof【解析】选B。句意：——为什么不把奶酪吃光？——医生建议我节食以除去多余的体重。comeupwith提出;getridof除掉,摆脱;runoutof用光,用完;keepoutof不卷入,使不进入。2.Youcanrelyon______itwillbefinishedthisweekend.A.thisB./C.thatD.itthat【解析】选D。考查relyonit+that从句。此处relyon后面的it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的that从句。句意：你要相信这个周末会完成它的。3.Whenmyvisa______Ihadtocomeback.A.ranoutB.putoutC.stoodoutD.pointedout【解析】选A。考查动词短语。runout用完,(文件、协议等)失效、到期;putout扑灭;standout突出;pointout指出。句意：我的签证到期时,我不得不回来。必备句型突破深入剖析●触类旁通翻译句子1.无论你做什么,你都不要违反法律。Whatever/Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustn’tbreakthelaw.2.无论你说什么都是正确的。Whateveryousayisright.8.I’mtoobusyenjoyingmylifenowtoworryaboutthefuture!我现在忙于享受,

没时间为未来担忧！句式分析本句是“too...todosth.”句式,表示“太……

而不能做某事”,是一个表示否定意义的句型。

It’stoogoodanopportunitytomiss.

这真是一个很好的机会,不能错过。归纳拓展

(1)某些形容词与too...to...句型连用时,too(=very)表示肯定的意义。这些形容词多为表示情感的词,如glad,pleased,surprised,delighted,happy,easy,willing等。Heistoowillingtoacceptmyadvice.他乐意接受我的建议。(2)当它同never,not等词连用时,表示肯定的含义,意为“无论……也不为过分”。活学活用—MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?—Ofcourse.Youcanneverbe____carefulwiththat.A.enough

B.too

C.so

D.very解析考查句式“无论……也不为过”。B9.Notallpredictionscometrue.不是所有的

预言都能变为现实。句式分析本句是部分否定句式。

Notallthestudentswenttothemovies.=Somestudentsdidnotgotothemovies.

不是所有的学生都去看电影了。(如果全部否定应该用none。)Noneofthestudentswenttothemovies.

没有一个学生去看电影。归纳拓展部分否定与全部否定的惯用语对照如下:部分否定全部否定两者both...not/not...both(并非两者都)neither/not...either(两者都不)Bothofthesistersarenothere.并非两姊妹都在这里。Neitherofthesistersishere.两姊妹都不在这里。两者以上all...not/not...all(=some)(并非所有……都)every...not/not...every(=some,few)(并非每一个……都)thewhole...not/not...thewhole(并非全部)not...any/none(没有一个)noone/nobody(没有人)nothing(没有任何事物)Idon’tknowallofthem.他们我不全认识。Idon’tknowanyofthem.他们我全不认识。1.Thesethreecollegestudentsarerealheroesbecausetheyrisked______theirownlivesinordertosavethedrowningboysinthewater.

［2011上海模拟］A.havinglostB.toloseC.losingD.oflosing 【解析】选C。考查risk的用法。risk作动词时,后面跟v.-ing形式,所以选C。另外,havinglost强调lose这一动作发生在谓语动作risked之前,而此处lose与谓语动作是同时发生的,所以要用v.-ing形式的一般式,即losing。2.______,sheisthesortofwomantospreadsunshinetopeoplethroughhersmile.［2010安徽,31］A.ShyandcautiousB.SensitiveandthoughtfulC.HonestandconfidentD.Lightheartedandoptimistic【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意：她愉快乐观,是那种通过微笑向人们播撒阳光的女人。A项表示“害羞谨慎的”;B项表示“敏感而深思熟虑的”;C项表示“诚实自信的”;D项表示“愉快乐观的”。由句意知D项正确。Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空predict,risk,load,power,attach,optimistic,eventual,shape,alternative,arrest1.Hewasunwillingtomakeapredictionabouttheinternationalsituationinthecomingyear.2.Eventuallyyourchildwillleavehometoleadherownlifeasafullyindependentadult.3.Ifanactivityoractionisrisky,itisdangerousorlikelytofail.4.Theillnesshaslefthiminratherpoorshape.5.Weloadeduptruckswithalltheblankets,bandages,medicationandwaterwecouldspareforthefloodedarea.6.Weshouldbeinanoptimisticmoodeveryday.7.Simplypoweryourcomputerandcontinuetowork.8.Thepolicearrestedfiveyoungmeninconnectionwithoneofthecampusattacks.9.TheleadersinthecountryattachedmuchimportancetothevisitofObama.10.Electricitycompanieswerecriticizedforfailingtodevelopalternativeenergysources.Ⅱ.完成句子1.你尽管相信我一定会为你保密。Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.2.他把电池装进照相机里。Heloadedthebatteryintothecamera.3.他认为经理因为个人原因要除掉他。Hebelievedthathismanagerwantedtogetridofhimforpersonalreasons.4.赶快！我们剩下的时间不多了。Hurryup！Ourtimeisrunningout./Hurryup！Wearerunningoutoftime.5.这家医院免费为他做了手术。Hewasoperatedoninthehospitalfreeofcharge.6.由于科技日新月异,你新买的手机很快就会过时。Becausescienceandtechnologyischangingdaybyday,themobilephoneyouboughtrecentlyisonthewayout.7.我想他是住在那里的,但我不敢肯定。IthinkhelivestherebutIcouldn’tsayforsure.8.为了能按时完成这项任务,我们将日夜工作。Tofinishthetaskontime,wewillworkdayandnight.Ⅲ.单项填空1.______entersthecomputerroomsshouldtakeoffhisshoesinordertokeepthemcleanenough.［2011合肥模拟］A.WhoB.WhoeverC.WhatD.Whatever【解析】选B。句意：无论谁进入微机室都要脱掉鞋子,目的是保持微机室的清洁。此处whoever相当于anyonewho,引导主语从句,干扰项是A。who也可引导主语从句,但其表示疑问。

【举一反三】______willbesenttoexploretheforesthasnotbeendecided.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.WhatD.Which【解析】选A。考查连接词。句意：派谁去探索那个森林还没有决定下来。根据句意可知应该选A。who表示“谁”,可以引导名词性从句。干扰项是B,whoever表示“无论谁”。2.SomeJewishpeoplerisk______andputtodeathtoescapefromGermanyduringtheSecondWorldWar.A.tobecaughtB.beingcaughtC.tocatchD.catching【解析】选B。考查risk的用法。句意：在二战期间,一些犹太人冒着被抓住处死的危险逃离德国。riskdoingsth.冒险做某事。主语与catch之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故B项为正确答案。3.—Callmeat5:30tomorrowmorning.—Whythatearly?I______then.［2011厦门模拟］A.willsleepB.wassleepingC.willbesleepingD.havebeensleeping【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：——明天早晨5点半喊我。——为什么那么早？那个时侯我在睡着觉呢。根据句意与语境可知要用将来进行时。将来进行时指在将来某个时候正在进行的动作。4.Weshouldthinkofawayto______people’sfearaboutnaturaldisasters.A.getridofB.getalongwithC.runawayfromD.comeupwith【解析】选A。考查动词短语。getridof除掉;getalongwith相处,进展;runawayfrom逃离;comeupwith想出,提出。句意：我们应该想出方法来消除人们对自然灾害的恐惧。5.Thetreeswere______forlackofwatersoweshouldwaterthemintime.A.ingoodshapeB.inbadshapeC.ingoodconditionD.inbadorder【解析】选B。考查固定短语。ingoodshape=ingoodcondition状态好;inbadshape状态不好;inbadorder紊乱。句意：由于缺水这些树的状况不好,所以我们要及时给它们浇水。6.Nowadaysmanyyoungpeoplehavea(n)______lifestylethatdoesnotfollowtraditionalwaysoflivingandworking.［2011哈尔滨模拟］A.averageB.normalC.popularD.alternative【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。average平均的;normal正常的;popular流行的,受欢迎的;alternative可替代的。句意：现在许多年轻人过着与传统的生活与工作方式不同的新的生活方式。根据句意可知选D。7.Whenwe______otherscompletely,we’llgetlost.A.relyonB.putonC.pickupD.putup【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。relyon依赖,依靠;puton穿上,上演;pickup拾起,接人,收听;putup举起,搭建,张贴,留宿。句意：当我们完全依赖他人时,我们就会迷失自我。8.Itispossibleto______somefilestoe-mailandsendthemouttogether.A.adoptB.attractC.adaptD.attach【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。adopt采纳,收养;attract吸引;adapt适应,改编;attach系,贴。句意：把一些文件添加到电子邮件中,然后把它们一起发出去,这是可能的。9.Thevillagerstrappedinthefloodarefacedwithaproblemthatsuppliesare______soweshouldsendthemsome.A.runningoutB.runningoutofC.usingupD.goingout【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。runout“用完,(文件、协议等)到期”,主语是物,不用于被动语态;runoutof=useup“用完”,其后要带宾语,可用于被动语态。goout“出去”。句意：被困在洪水中的村民面临着一个问题,那就是他们的供应品快要用完了,所以我们要给他们送一些。此处若选B、C两项,题干要改为Thevillagerstrappedinthefloodarefacedwithaproblemthatsuppliesareusedup/runoutofsoweshouldsendthemsome.。10.They______alltheirequipmentintobackpacksandsetoutforthedestination.A.leftB.loadedC.hungD.held【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：他们把所有的设备都装进背包里,然后就出发去目的地了。o...把……装进……。11.Thefootballfansoftenmakea______aboutwhichteamwillwinthecomingmatch.A.professionB.preparationC.predictionD.progress【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意：足球迷经常预测哪个队会赢得即将进行的比赛。makeaprediction预测。12.Theboysandgirlshadwalkedforhours.They______gotverytired,but______ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.A.all;neitherB.both;noneC.all;noneD.both;everyone【解析】选C。句意：这些孩子们已经走了很长时间。他们都很累,但是没有一个人会停下来休息。从theboysandgirls可看出有很多人,因此肯定句中用all表示三者或三者以上。none表示两者以上的人中没有一个人。13.______makingmistakes,helookedthroughtheinformationclosely.A.AvoidingB.ToavoidC.AvoidedD.Avoid【解析】选B。此处是动词不定式表示目的。句意：为了避免犯错误,他仔细地看这些信息。v.-ing形式与过去分词不能表目的。

【方法技巧】动词不定式表目的动词不定式、v.-ing形式与过去分词属于非谓语动词的三种形式,它们都可以作状语。但是,作目的状语时,只能用动词不定式。所以,遇到考查非谓语动词作状语的情况时,一定要根据句意来判断它们在句中的作用。另外,动词不定式作目的状语时,句子的主语一定也是动词不定式的逻辑主语。例如：Toreallyenjoynature,hewenttoTibet.为了能真正地欣赏大自然,他去了西藏。根据上面的讲解对下面的题做出正确的选择：Toprotectourenvironment,______.A.manytreesshouldbeplantedB.weshouldplantmanytreesC.manymoretreesareneededD.plantingmoretreesisnecessary【解析】选B。前半句是动词不定式作目的状语。动词不定式作目的状语时,句子的主语一定也是动词不定式的逻辑主语。14.Theforecasterssaymoresnowis______tomorrow.A.onthewayoutB.inthewayC.onthewayD.innoway【解析】选C。考查固定短语。onthewayout即将过时;intheway挡道,碍事;ontheway在路上,即将发生;innoway决不。句意：预报员说明天将会有更多的雪。15.WhatIappreciateisher______viewofevents.A.pessimisticB.sillyC.ordinaryD.optimistic【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。pessimistic悲观的;silly愚蠢的;ordinary普通的;optimistic乐观的。句意：我欣赏的是她对待事情的乐观态度。Ⅰ.语音知识1.shapeA.disasterB.primaryC.compassD.situation2.solarA.uponB.unfoldC.projectD.movie3.crimeA.serviceB.preciousC.customD.accept4.slightlyA.photograghB.throughC.laughD.geography5.outdoorsA.mouthB.enoughC.soupD.soul答案：1~5.DBCBAⅡ.单词拼写1.Hewasunwillingtomakeaprediction（预测）abouttheinternationalsituationinthecomingyear.2.Eventually（最后，终于）yourchildwillleavehometoleadhisorherownlifeasafullyindependentadult.3.Ifanactivityoractionisrisky（危险的）,itisdangerousorlikelytofail.4.Theillnesshaslefthiminratherpoorshape（状况）.5.Weloaded（装载）uptruckswithalltheblankets,bandages,medicationandwaterwecouldspareforthefloodedarea.6.Weshouldbeinanoptimistic（乐观的）moodeveryday.7.Simplypower（供给动力，充电）yourcomputerandcontinuetowork.8.Thepolicearrested（逮捕）fiveyoungmeninconnectionwithoneofthecampusattacks.9.Theleadersinthecountryattached（系）muchimportancetothevisitofObama.10.Electricitycompanieswerecriticizedforfailingtodevelopalternative（供选择的，替换的）energysources.

Ⅲ.语法和词汇知识1._____entersthecomputerroomsshouldtakeoffhisshoesinordertokeepthemcleanenough.［2011合肥模拟］A.WhoB.WhoeverC.WhatD.Whatever【解析】选B。句意：无论谁进入微机室都要脱掉鞋子，目的是保持微机室的清洁。此处whoever相当于anyonewho，引导主语从句，干扰项是A。who也可引导主语从句，但其表示疑问。

【举一反三】_____willbesenttoexploretheforesthasnotbeendecided.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.WhatD.Which【解析】选A。考查连接词。句意：派谁去探索那个森林还没有决定下来。根据句意可知应该选A。who表示“谁”，可以引导名词性从句。干扰项是B，whoever表示“无论谁”。2.SomeJewishpeoplerisk_____andputtodeathtoescapefromGermanyduringtheSecondWorldWar.A.tobecaughtB.beingcaughtC.tocatchD.catching【解析】选B。考查risk的用法。句意：在二战期间，一些犹太人冒着被抓住处死的危险逃离德国。riskdoingsth.冒险做某事。主语与catch之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故B项为正确答案。3.—Callmeat5:30tomorrowmorning.—Whythatearly?I_____then.［2011厦门模拟］A.willsleepB.wassleepingC.willbesleepingD.havebeensleeping【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：——明天早晨5点半喊我。——为什么那么早？那个时侯我在睡着觉呢。根据句意与语境可知要用将来进行时。将来进行时指在将来某个时候正在进行的动作。4.Weshouldthinkofawayto_____people’sfearaboutnaturaldisasters.A.getridofB.getalongwithC.runawayfromD.comeupwith【解析】选A。考查动词短语。getridof除掉；getalongwith相处，进展；runawayfrom逃离；comeupwith想出，提出。句意：我们应该想出方法来消除人们对自然灾害的恐惧。5.Thetreeswere_____forlackofwatersoweshouldwaterthemintime.A.ingoodshapeB.inbadshapeC.ingoodconditionD.inbadorder【解析】选B。考查固定短语。ingoodshape=ingoodcondition状态好；inbadshape状态不好；inbadorder紊乱。句意：由于缺水这些树的状况不好，所以我们要及时给它们浇水。6.Nowadaysmanyyoungpeoplehavea(n)_____lifestylethatdoesnotfollowtraditionalwaysoflivingandworking.A.averageB.normalC.popularD.alternative【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。average平均的；normal正常的；popular流行的，受欢迎的；alternative可替代的。句意：现在许多年轻人过着与传统的生活与工作方式不同的新的生活方式。根据句意可知选D。7.Whenwe_____otherscompletely,we’llgetlost.A.relyonB.putonC.pickupD.putup【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。relyon依赖，依靠；puton穿上，上演；pickup拾起，接人，收听；putup举起，搭建，张贴，留宿。句意：当我们完全依赖他人时，我们就会迷失自我。8.Itispossibleto_____somefilestoe-mailandsendthemouttogether.A.adoptB.attractC.adaptD.attach【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。adopt采纳，收养；attract吸引；adapt适应，改编；attach系，贴。句意：把一些文件添加到电子邮件中，然后把它们一起发出去，这是可能的。9.Thevillagerstrappedinthefloodarefacedwithaproblemthatsuppliesare_____soweshouldsendthemsome.A.runningoutB.runningoutofC.usingupD.goingout【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。runout“用完，（文件、协议等）到期”，主语是物，不用于被动语态；runoutof=useup“用完”，其后要带宾语，可用于被动语态。goout“出去”。句意：被困在洪水中的村民面临着一个问题，那就是他们的供应品快要用完了，所以我们要给他们送一些。此处若选B、C两项，题干要改为Thevillagerstrappedinthefloodarefacedwithaproblemthatsuppliesareusedup/runoutofsoweshouldsendthemsome.。10.They_____alltheirequipmentintobackpacksandsetoutforthedestination.A.leftB.loadedC.hungD.held【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：他们把所有的设备都装进背包里，然后就出发去目的地了。o...把……装进……。11.Thefootballfansoftenmakea_____aboutwhichteamwillwinthecomingmatch.A.professionB.preparationC.predictionD.progress【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意：足球迷经常预测哪个队会赢得即将进行的比赛。makeaprediction预测。12.Theboysandgirlshadwalkedforhours.They_____gotverytired,but_____ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.A.all；neitherB.both；noneC.all；noneD.both；everyone【解析】选C。句意：这些孩子们已经走了很长时间。他们都很累，但是没有一个人会停下来休息。从theboysandgirls可看出有很多人，因此肯定句中用all表示三者或三者以上。none表示两者以上的人中没有一个人。13._____makingmistakes,helookedthroughtheinformationclosely.A.AvoidingB.ToavoidC.AvoidedD.Avoid【解析】选B。此处是动词不定式表示目的。句意：为了避免犯错误，他仔细地看这些信息。v.-ing形式与过去分词不能表目的。

【方法技巧】动词不定式表目的动词不定式、v.-ing形式与过去分词属于非谓语动词的三种形式，它们都可以作状语。但是，作目的状语时，只能用动词不定式。所以，遇到考查非谓语动词作状语的情况时，一定要根据句意来判断它们在句中的作用。另外，动词不定式作目的状语时，句子的主语一定也是动词不定式的逻辑主语。例如：Toreallyenjoynature,hewenttoTibet.为了能真正地欣赏大自然，他去了西藏。根据上面的讲解对下面的题做出正确的选择：Toprotectourenvironment,_____.A.manytreesshouldbeplantedB.weshouldplantmanytreesC.manymoretreesareneededD.plantingmoretreesisnecessary【解析】选B。前半句是动词不定式作目的状语。动词不定式作目的状语时，句子的主语一定也是动词不定式的逻辑主语。14.Theforecasterssaymoresnowis_____tomorrow.A.onthewayoutB.inthewayC.onthewayD.innoway【解析】选C。考查固定短语。onthewayout即将过时；intheway挡道，碍事；ontheway在路上，即将发生；innoway决不。句意：预报员说明天将会有更多的雪。15.WhatIappreciateisher_____viewofevents.A.pessimisticB.sillyC.ordinaryD.optimistic【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。pessimistic悲观的；silly愚蠢的；ordinary普通的；optimistic乐观的。句意：我欣赏的是她对待事情的乐观态度。Ⅳ.阅读理解（A）

WiththeTeslaRoadsterandotherplug-inelectricvehicleshittingtheroad,demandisgrowingforaccessiblerefuelingpointstorechargethem.CarbonDayAutomotive,aChicago-basedcompany,hasnowdemonstratedasolar-poweredrechargingpoint,knownastheSolarPlug-inStation,whichletsmotoristseasilychargetheircarsusingelectricitythathasbeenproducedwithoutanyenvironmentaldamage.

TheSolarPlug-inStationhasgoneonshowinChicagoaspartofthecity’sbidtohostthe2016OlympicGames.AccordingtoCarbonDayAutomotive,thesolar-poweredrechargingstationispartoftheimportantinfrastructurerequiredforelectricvehiclesinChicagoandwasthefocusofarecentvisitbytheInternationalOlympicCommittee.

Thesesolar-poweredelectricitypointswillbeuseddailybyChicagotofuelthecity’selectricvehicleswithpowerfromthesun.Byproducingtheelectricityfrompollution-freesolarcells,theCO2emissionsarereducedtozero.TheSolarPlug-inStationconsistsofgiantsolarpanelsthatshadethetinyChargePointNetworkedChargingStation.Thesolarpanelisconnectedtoanundergroundbatterypack,readyforeverydayrefueling.“Withoutthesestationsitwouldbelikedrivingaroundtraditionalcarswithouttheavailabilityofgasstations,”saysScottEmalfarb,CEOatCarbonDayAutomotive，“Thedayoftrueplug-inelectricvehicleswillbeheresoonerthanmostpeoplerealizeandtheworldneedstobetoaccommodatethem.”【文章大意】本文主要讲了芝加哥将要建太阳能充电站，这些充电站为电动汽车提供绿色环保能源。1.Theplug-inelectricvehicleshasanadvantageovertraditionalcarsbecause_____.A.theyareenvironment-friendlyB.theyrunfasterC.theyusemorefuelD.theyaresafer【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句以及第三段的Byproducingtheelectricityfrompollution-freesolarcells,theCO2emissionsarereducedtozero.可知。2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowings