初中语法-形容词副词专题

形容词副词专题【知识梳理】一.形容词主要放在名词前面修饰名词或放在不定代词后面修饰不定代词。如：abeautifulcountry,somethingimportant注意以下几点：.有些形容词不能修饰名词。如：alive活着的，asleep睡着的，alone单独的，醒着的，害怕的，生病的.以-ing结尾的形容词一般修饰表示事物的名词，主语通常为物；以-ed结尾的形容词多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人。例如：Thisisan（有趣的）book.Weare（感兴趣的）init..作宾语补足语。如：makemestrong,keepthedoor（关闭着）.某些形容词前加the，表示“一类人”或“民族”，表示复数。如：The01d（老人），（穷人）二.副词的位置.多数副词做状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英语讲得好。Mr.Smith.史密斯先生努力工作。.频率副词做状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如：Ihaveneverheardhimsing.我从未听过他唱歌。Heearly.他通常早起。Sheforschool.她经常上学迟到。.成都副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面。例如：Hedrives.他开车很小心。注意：enough做副词用是，放在形容词副词的后面；做形容词用时，则放在名词的前面。如:够新鲜，足够的水

三.易混词辨析1alone副词，指“单独一人”Thoughhewas onthelonely形容词，强调孤单的感觉island,hedidn,tfeel 2tooalsoaswell①都表示“也”，用于肯定句②also用于句中；too，aswell用于句木Shecandance,andIcandance,too.=shecandance,andIcandance .Ihaven,treadthebookandmymotherhasn,t, .I knowaboutit.It,snotasecret.either①表示“也不”，用于否定句②用于句末3hard①形容词，意为“困难的，硬的”②副词，意为“努力地，（下雨，下雪等）猛烈”Itis_(难)tounderstandwhathesays.Icould (几乎)believeit.Hestudies (努力)everyday.hardly副词，意为“几乎不”，属于否定词4good形容词，意为“好”HisChineseisvery .HespeaksChinesevery .Heisnotfeeling today.well①副词，意为“好”②形容词，意为“身体好”5sometimes有时Isometimeshearfromhim.Let'sgooutsometimenextweek.Hehaslivedhereforsometime.sometime某个时候sometime一段时间6quite修饰形容词时，一般放在a/an之前，意为“相当”Thisisaquiteanicegarden.Thisisaverynicegarden.very修饰形容词时，一般放在a/an之后，意为“非常，很”对点精练:( )1.Hisgrandparentsliveinasmallhouse,buttheydon,tfeel.A.lonely;alone B.alonelonely C.lonely;lonely D.alone;alone( )2.Itwasadayandshefeltvery.A.tiring;tired B.tiring;tiring C.tired;tiring D.tired;tired( )3.Whatnewsitis!Nobodyit.A.asurprising;believesasurprised;believeB.surprising;believesA.asurprising;believesasurprised;believeB.surprising;believessurprised;believe( )4.-Whowillteach oralEnglishnextterm?Canitbeanewteacher?—Perhaps.Butourheadteacherhasn,ttoldus .A.your;already B.you;yet C.you;already D.your;yet( )5.一 isitfromyourhometotheschool?-Abouttenminutes,walk.A.Howfar B.Howlong C.Howoften D.Howsoon( )6.Hesaidhewouldcometoseeus thenextafternoon.A.sometime B.sometime C.sometimes D.sometimes( )7.Thismoviewas .Hedidn,tfallasleepallnight.A.interestingenough B.enoughinterestingC.interestedenough D.enoughinterested( )8.一Themeatis delicious.一Yes,butdon,teat.A.toomuch;toomuch B.muchtoo;toomuchC.toomuch;muchtoo D.muchtoo;muchtoo( )9.Heworks andfeels everyday.A.hard;happy B.hardly;happilyC.hard;happily D.hardly;unhappily( )10.Aftertheearthquake,weheardoflotsof stories,andallofusweredeeply .A.moving;moved B.moving;movingC.moved;moving D.moved;moved四.重点句型：1.bedifferentfromHisideas (与…不同)ours.2.…thesameas…Mybookis (和…一样)yours.3.too…todo…Heis (年纪太小而不能)gotoschool.4.…enoughtodo…Heisnot (够年龄)togotoschool.5.itis+adj+forsb/sth+todoIt （对于我们来说有好处）toeatmorefruits.（形容事物，用for）6.itis+adj+ofsb+todoIt (你真好)tohelpmeout.(形容人，用of)

类别规则原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般情况下加-er或-esttalltallertallest以e结尾的词，加-r或-stnicenicernicest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先改“y”为“i”，再加-er或-esteasyhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest重读闭音节词只有个辅音字母，先双写辅音字母，再力口―er或estbigwetbiggerwetterbiggestwettest多音节词和部分双音节词原级前加more/less构成比较级，原级前加most/least构成最高级usefulfamousexpensivemoreusefulmorefamouslessexpensivemostusefulmostfamousleastexpensive2）不规则变化：两多，两好，两坏病，一少，一老，远距离。口诀原级比较级最高级口诀原级比较级最高级两多many/muchmoremost一十oldelder（家庭中表长幼）eldest两好good/wellbetterbest老older（岁数大，东西旧）oldest两坏病bad/badly/illworseworst远距离farfarther（距离远）farthest一少littlelessleastfurther（程度深，深入）furthest7....so+7....so+adj/adv+that句子He （跑得太快）thatnobodycouldcatchupwithhim.8.…such+名词短语+that句子Itwas problem（这么困难的问题）thatIspentthewholenightsolvingit.thatIspentthewholenightsolvingit.五.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的构成和用法：1.构成：1）规则变化专练：写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级l.fast 2.hot3.lazy 4.young5.fine 6.early7.good 8.ill9.useful 10.fat11.little 12.famous13.quickly 14.many15.busy 16.bad17.old 18.wet19.few 20.far21.large 22.beautiful23.carefully 24.difficult2.用法(1)用原级a.形容词和副词钱又“very,quite,rather,too,so,as，等词修饰。如：Thecarismuchtooexpensive.这辆车太昂贵。Hespokeverylowly.他讲得很慢。b.表示程度相等，用“as...as(和..・一样广；表示程度不相等，用“notso(as)...as(和..・不一样)”。例如：Thisboxisasbigasmine.这个盒子和我的一样大。Shedoesn,trun（和…一样快）he（does）.⑵用比较级和最高级a.两个人或两种食物相比较时，用比较级：Theboysinherclassare（高）thanthoseinyourclass.注意：①比较级前可用alot,much,abit,alittle,even,far等修饰HisEnglishismuch（好）thanmine.②两者进行比较时，比较对象要相同TheclimateinBeijingis（比…的天气冷）inGuangdong.③the+比较级，表示“两者中较..•的那个”。Sheistheolder(年龄最大)ofthetwogirls.④“形容词比较级+and+同一形容词比较级”，或moreandmore+形容词(多音节词)表示"越来越…”.如：hotterandhotter越来越热，越来越贵⑤“the+形容词/副词比较级……，the+形容词/副词比较级……”表示"越……就越……”。youstudy,youknow.你学习月努力，懂得越多。b.三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较时，用最高级。Shanghaiisoneof(最大)citiesinChina.注意：①形容词最高级前要加the(有形容词物主代词时不用the)；副词最高级前可加可不加the。例如：Thisis(我最高兴的)day.Helistenedtotheteacher(最留心)。②形容词前有序数词，用最高级。TheYellowRiveris(第二长)riverinChina.③最高级的句型中，通常有一个表示范围的短语。In表示环境范围，in后的名词和主语不是同一概念范畴；of、among表示对象范围，其后的名词与主语时同一概念范畴。Heisthetallestinhisclass.Heisthethinnestof/amongtheboys.专练：用括号内所给词的形容词或副词填空。Rainydaysmakeme.(sad)Hisfaceturned(pale)whenhesawthereport.Listentome(careful).Thenyouwillfindit(easy)todoitbyyourself.Thefishsmells(bad).Youshouldthrowittothedustbinas(quick)aspossible.Theclothlooks(beautiful)andfeels(smooth).Weshouldkeepourhands(open)andeyes(close).Themooncaketastes(sweet).Butthepricesoundstoo(expensive)It,sgetting(dark).Youcan,twalkhome(slow).真题链接TheChangjiangRiveristheriverinChina.A.long B.longest C.short D.shortest—Howareyoufeelingtoday?

—Much.Icangotoschoolnextweek.A.good B.better C.best D.well—Steveisgoodatwritingshortstories.—Soheis.Buthewritesthanus.Sohecan,tgetgoodgradesinwriting.A.mostcarefully B.morecarefullyC.lesscarefully D.leastcarefully一Didyougotothecinematosee3DTitanniclastnight?一No,Igotothecinema.TheticketsaretooexpensiveA.hardly B.nearly C.still D.OnlyEighteenkidsdiedintheschoolbusaccidentinGansuProvince.It,sonethatIhaveeverA.averyseriousheardof.A.averyseriousB.amoreseriousC.themostseriousD.theleastserious—WhatdoyouthinkofthefilmSoYoungdirectedbyZhaoWei?-Wonderful.Ithinkit,sthantheotherfilmsaboutyouthinrecentyears.A.thebestB.theworstC.muchbetterD.muchworseA.thebestB.theworstC.muchbetterD.muchworseTakecarewhenyouaredriving,inasummerstormlikethis.A.immediately B.especially C.probablyD.recentlyThefinalexamisveryimportant.Wemusttreatit.A.serious B.seriously C.carelessD.carelesslyBobknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.I,msurehecandotheworkwithmoneyandpeople.（2015广东）A.lesslessB.fewermoreC.morefewer D.lessfewerA.lesslessB.fewermoreC.morefewer D.lessfewerLiLawonthefirstplaceinthefinaltennisgame.Nobodyelseplayed!（2011年佛山）A.well B.better C.bestSheprefersfootballbecauseshethinkit,samongallsports.（2012年佛山）A.interesting B.moreinteresting C.themostinterestingPeoplecarealotaboutfoodsafety,fortheywanttoeat.（2013年佛山）A.health B.healthy C.healthilyTheteacheriswiseenoughtoexplainthemostdifficultquestionsinway.（2014年佛山）A.simple B.simpler C.thesimplest

课后作业：way.一、单项选择way.)1.TheteacheriswiseenoughtoexplainthemostdifficultquestionsinA.simpleB.simplerC.thesimplestD.thesimplerA.simpleB.simplerC.thesimplestD.thesimpler)2.Thedininghallistohold300people.)2.Thedininghallistohold300people.A.enoughbigB.enoughsmallC.smallenoughD.bigenoughA.enoughbigB.enoughsmallC.smallenoughD.bigenough)3.—Whois,Tom,JimorDavid?—IthinkJimis.A.stronger)3.—Whois,Tom,JimorDavid?—IthinkJimis.A.strongerB.thestrongerC.strongestD.thestrongest)4.—What,swrongwithyoutoday?youwillfeel.—Iamquiteupset.youwillfeel.Cheerup!Themoreyousmile,the.A.happyB.happierC.happilyD.morehappilyA.happyB.happierC.happilyD.morehappily)5.Isthiskindofpetapetdogthesedays?)5.Isthiskindofpetapetdogthesedays?A.astrendyasB.moretrendierthanA.astrendyasB.moretrendierthanC.muchtrendythanD.notsotrendierasC.muchtrendythanD.notsotrendieras)6.—Doyoulikethismovie?—Yes,it,stheoneI,veeverseen.A.betterB.bestC.good—Yes,it,stheoneI,veeverseen.A.betterB.bestC.goodD.well)7.MoYanisoneofwritersintheworld.)7.MoYanisoneofwritersintheworld.A.famousB.morefamousC.mostfamousD.themostfamousA.famousB.morefamousC.mostfamousD.themostfamous)8.—)8.—Howwillthebossbeback? —Inthesedays.A.farB.soonC.longD.oftenA.farB.soonC.longD.often)9.TheoldtownofLijiangiswithtouristsforitsbeautifuloldbuildings.)9.TheoldtownofLijiangiswithtouristsforitsbeautifuloldbuildings.A.popularB.famousC.specialD.differentA.popularB.famousC.specialD.different)10.Ihavepreparedallthethingsweneed.Soyoudon,tneedtobe)10.Ihavepreparedallthethingsweneed.Soyoudon,tneedtobethat.A.afraidofB.sorryforC.worriedaboutD.worryofA.afraidofB.sorryforC.worriedaboutD.worryof)11.I,msurprisedthatJohnisonly25.Ithoughthewas,forheseemstobeinhisthirties.)11.I,msurprisedthatJohnisonly25.Ithoughthewas,forheseemstobeinhisthirties.A.oldB.olderC.youngD.youngerA.oldB.olderC.youngD.younger( )12.MyoldneighborCharlesfeltafterhischildrenmovedout.A.lonely B.safely C.angrily D.happily( )13.JindrivesthanTom.A.carefully B.morecarefully C.morecareful( )14.LiHuastudiesEnglishveryandherEnglishisinherclass.A.careful；good B.carefully；wellC.careful；best D.carefully；thebest( )15.—IsTinaanoutgoinggirl?—No,she,skindof.Herfacealwaysturnsredwhenshespeaksinpublic.A.shy B.active C.relaxed D.funny( )16.Mr.Liasksustorememberthatcarefulweare,mistakeswewillmakeA.themore；thefewer B.thefewer；themoreC.themore；themore D.theless；thefewer( )17.-AnumberofvolunteersarewillingtoteachinChina,sruralareas一Yes,thenumberisgetting .A.bigandbig B.largerandlargerC.muchandmuch D.moreandmore( )18.Moreandmorepeoplehavealow-Clifeandtheairisgettingmuchthanafewyearsago.A.clean B.cleanest C.cleaner D.thecleanest( )19.Lindafeltveryafterthelongway,soshestoppedtohavearestA.surprised B.shy C.tired D.excited( )20.Theworld,spopulationisgrowingandthereislandandwaterforgrowingrice.A.mores;less B.larger;fewerC.larger;less D.more;fewer二、短文填空【一】LastTuesday,MrsSmithtookhertwolittledaughterstotown1hercar.Itbegantorain2.Soshedecidedto3thechildreninthecar.Shetoldthegirlsshewouldbebacksoon.Thenshe4allthedoorsandwalkedquicklyintotheshop.Shereturnedtothecarinlessthanaquarter,buttherewerenotanygirlsinthecar.Shecould5believehereyes.Thecardoorsandwindowswere6well.7terribleshefelt!Sherusheduptoanoldmannearbyandasked8hehadseentwosmallgirls,buthesaid“No”.Suddenlysheheardalaughfromthebackofthecar.Sherantothecarandopenedthetrunk.Oh,dear!Herdaughterswere9.Withtearsinher10,shetookthemout.Jim,sfatherboughthimanewpen.Buthelostitonhis1toschoolthismorning.Whenhewentintohisclassroom,he2aredpenlyingonthefloor.He3itupatonceandthought,“Imayuseit4Ifindmine.I,lltellnobody.”Heputitintohis5.Thescienceteacher,MissGreencameinwhenthebellrang.Jimclearlysawapeninherhand.Jimstoodupandsaid,“That,smypen.”“Well,Jim,youshouldsay6toSusan.Shefoundyourpenonthestreetandgaveittomeas7asshegottoschool.Butyouknow,she8herownpenyesterdayafterschool.It,saredpen.”Jim,sface9red,even10thanthepeninhispocket.三、读写任务A.信息归纳请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，完成下面表格。OntheafternoonofOctober13th,2011inFoshan,atwoyearoldbabygirlwasplayinginthestreetwhileherparentswerebusyworkingattheirshop.Butunfortunately,atruckwentbyandknockedintothispoorgirl.What'sw