中考英语二轮复习 代词、冠词

第页主讲知识【板块1】代词可以分为以下七大类1人称代词主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they宾格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them2物主代词形容词性my,your,his,her,its,our,their名词性mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs3反身代词myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves4指示代词this,that,these,those,such,some5疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever6关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as7不定代词one/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/afew/a

little,other/another,all/both,neither/either人称代词和物主代词：人称代词主格一般大写放在句首，而人称代词宾格一般放在句中。（前后文提到的一般是人）中考主要区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词（前后文提到的一般是物）：形容词性物主代词后面一定+名词名词性物主代词后面是“be（is、are）”【课堂练习】1．Youcanask_______somequestionsbytelephone.A．he B．him C．his2．LucyandClairearesisters.oftenhelptheirmotherdothehousework.A．WeB．YouC．They3．—WhereareLilyandLucyfrom?—____arefromtheUSA.A．Ours B．Theirs C．They4．—Weareintimesofdifficultyatpresent.—Aslongaswepulltogether,successmustbelongto______.A．us B．we C．ours5．Thisisyourschoolbag.ButIcan'tfind_________.A．me B．my C．mine6．—Susan,isthatwatchonthedesk____________?—No,itisn't____________watch.ItmustbeBrian's.A．yours;my B．your;mine C．yours;mine7．—Isthisyoursweater,Frank?—No.YoucanaskTom,maybeit’s__________.A．him B．his C．hers8．________friendClaudefromFranceiskeenonChineseculture.A．I B．Me C．My 9．—Jenny,isthis________cat?—No.________iswhite.A．you;My B．your;Mine C．yours;My 10．—Mike,youskatedverywell.Whotaughtyou?—Nobody.Itaught________.I B．me C．myself 反身代词词组：dressoneself自己穿衣服byoneself单独地，独自地keepsth.tooneself保密proveoneself证明自己enjoyoneself玩得愉快

hurtoneself伤害自己foroneself为自己，亲自cometooneself恢复，苏醒loseoneself失去自我helponeself(to)自用（食物等）teachoneself=learnbyoneself自学不定代词：1.each和everyeach强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。Each(ofus)hasadictionary.Everyoneofushasstrongandweakpoints.2.either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”；Both两者都all三者都neither两个都不none三者都不few、little、几乎没有afew、alittle一点点可数名词不可数名词3.4.other其他的+名词==others One…..theother一个….另一个（两者中另一个）Another另一个（三者） Some….theothers一些….另一些SodoI我也是 soIdo我确实如此 neitherdoI我也不是指示代词：It上文提到的事物常用句型（1）作形式主语：Itis+adj.+（forsb.）todosth.对某人来说做某事是怎么样的。Ittakes/tooksb.sometime/moneytodosth.做某事花费某人多少时间/金钱。It’s+adj.+that从句。如：（2）作形式宾语：常用在动词find,think,make,consider,feel等词后。find(动词)it+adj+todosthone上文提到的同类事物的一个that比较级，放在than后面【课堂练习】1．Theschoolofferstwocoursesoncomputertechnology.Oneisforbeginnersand________isforthosewhoalreadyhavesomebasicknowledge.A．other B．another C．theother2．—Mom,Sallyiscomingfordinnerthisevening.—There'sonly___________beefinthefridge.Let'sbuysomemoremeatandvegetables.A．afew B．alittle D．little3．Didyoudo__________duringthelastsummervacation?A．somethingspecial B．specialsomething C．anythingspecial4．—Don’tplaygamesanymore.There’s________foryou.—OK,Mom.A．nothinguseful B．usefulnothing C．somethinguseful5．Sophiawaitedforareply,but______came.A．either B．neither C．none6．Takeiteasy.Therewillbe_________twobusescominginafewminutes.A．another B．other C．theother7．Therearetwonewbuildingsnearthesea,and____ofthemareverytall.A．all B．neither C．both8—Linda,Mother'sDayiscoming.Whatwillyoubuyforyourmotherasagift?—Ifindscarvesbeautiful,soIplantobuy____________forher.A．it B．one C．that9．—Whydoyoulivesofarfromschool?—Thecostofrenting（租）housesincentralcityishigherthan__________inanyotherareaofthecity.A．that B．one C．it 10．—Iwanttobuy________formygrandpatomakehimhappy.—That’sagoodidea.A．somethingspecial B．anythingspecial C．specialanything【板块2】冠词冠词：一种虚词，不能单独使用，用于名词前。冠词分为不定冠词a/an（表示泛指）、定冠词the（表示特指）和零冠词。1.不定冠词a,an的区别A一个+辅音alionastudentabookAn一个+元音anhour, anhonor, anhonestboy anA,H,X anumbrella注意:①判断一个名词前用a还是用an,是根据其读音,而不是根据其字母。②要注意区别以“u”开头的单词:当“u”发/ʌ/音时,单词前用an,如anumbrella,anunhappyboy;当“u”发/juː/音时,单词前用a,如auniversity,ausefulbook。2.定冠词(the)的基本用法用法示例用于双方都知道的人或事物前Givemethebook,please.用于特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物前Doyouknowthegirlinred?表示世界上独一无二的事物Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.用在序数词、形容词最高级前面以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前Thefirstlessonisveryeasy.Heistheyoungerofthetwoboys.用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩TheGreensarewatchingTVnow.用在单数可数名词前表一类人或事物Theorangeisorange.与某些形容词连用表一类人Weshouldhelptheold.用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前theGreatWall,theSummerPalace用在表示方位或西洋乐器名称的名词之前Ilikeplayingthepiano.记忆口诀:特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独无二,序数最高级,普通专有名,习语及乐器。【易混点】（1）anumberof的意思是“一些”;（2）thenumberof的意思是“……的数目,……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。Anumberofstudentslikeplayingcomputergames.一些学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisabout1,500.我们学校学生数目大约是1,500。下列情况用零冠词不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时。如：Animalscan’tlivewithoutwater.by连用的交通工具名词前。如：bycar

bytrain“球类”“棋类”“三餐”前。如：playbasketball;playchess;havebreakfast节日的名称前。如：NationalDay国庆节Children’sDay儿童节“星期”“月份”“季节”等名词前。Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.【课堂练习】（）1.Englishisusefulsubject.Everyoneshouldn’tgiveitup.A.aB.anC.the（）2.ItalyisEuropeancountry.an B.aC./（）3.–--WhatdoyouthinkofMike?Heishonestboy.A.aB.anC.theD./（）4.Thereisoldbike.OldbikeisMr.Zhao’s.A.the;AnB.a;TheC.an;TheD.an;A（）5.TongLiyaisfamousactresswhoactedasacountrywomanin1970sinTVshowOrdinaryWorld.A.a;/B.a;theC.an;the（）6.SomesmallshopsinBritainusuallycloseforhourat