2020年高考英语八大语法易错点专题02 动名词 练习

第第页共12页DanielLazall.“IalwaystellthemwhenI'mgoingoutclubbing.(25)theyknowwhatI'mdoing,they'refinewithit.”SusanCrome,whoisnow21,agrees.“Lookingbackonthelast10years,therewasalotof(26)oucouldcallnegotiation.Forexample,ifI(27)(do)allmyhomework」couldgooutonaSaturdaynight.ButIthinkmygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat.”Maybethispositiveviewoffamilylifeshouldnotbeunexpected.Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellionisnotrootedinrealfacts.Aresearchercomments,“Oursurprise(28)teenagerssaytheygetalongwellwiththeirparentscomesbecauseofabriefperiodinoursocialhistory(29)teenagerswereregardedasdifferentbeings.Butthatideaofrebellingandbreakingawayfromtheirparentsmainlyhappenedduringthatonetimeinthe1960swheneveryonerebelled.Thenormalsituationthroughouthistoryhasbeenasmoothchangefromhelpingoutwiththefamilybusinessto(30)(take)itover.”三、选词填空criticismB.discourageC.shiftsD.instituteE.industriousnessF.establishG.creditH.standardsI.accommodateJ.leavesK.demonstrateAlthoughHenryFord'snameiscloselyassociatedwiththeconceptofmassproduction,heshouldreceiveequal31forintroducinglaborpracticesasearlyas1913thatwouldbeconsideredadvancedevenbytoday's32.Safetymeasureswereimproved,andtheworkdaywasreducedtoeighthours,comparedwiththetenortwelve-hourdaycommonatthetime.Inorderto33totheshorterworkday,theentirefactorywasconvertedfromtwotothree34.Inaddition,sick35aswellasimprovedmedicalcareforthoseinjuredonthejobwereinstituted.TheFordMotorCompanywasoneofthefirstfactoriestodevelopatechnicalschooltotrainspecializedskilledlaborersandanEnglishlanguageschoolforimmigrants.Someeffortswereevenmadetohirethehandicappedandprovidejobsforformerconvicts.Themostwidelyacclaimedinnovationwasthefive-dollar-a-dayminimumwagethatwasofferedinordertorecruitandretainthebestmechanicsandto36thegrowthoflaborunions.Fordexplainedthenewwagepolicyintermsofefficiencyandprofitsharing.Healsomentionedthefactthathisemployeeswouldbeabletopurchasetheautomobilesthattheyproduced一infactcreatingamarketfortheproduct.Inordertoqualifyfortheminimumwage,anemployeehadtoestablishadecenthomeand37goodpersonalhabits,includingsobriety（沉静；严肃）,thrftiness（节俭）,38,anddependability（可信任，可靠性）.Althoughsome39wasdirectedatFordforinvolvinghimselftoomuchinthepersonallivesofhisemployees,therecanbenodoubtthat,atatimewhenimmigrantswerebeingtakenadvantageofinfrightfulways,HenryFordwashelpingmanypeopleto40themselvesinAmerica.参考答案telling2.losing3.lendingannoyingBeingchosenbeingexposedhistakingBeingexposedgettinghavingbeenpromoted□.controllingBeingelectedspendingbeingisolated15.losingnothavingdone□.FinishingworkingacceptingspendinglockedhowmoretotreatAslongaswhathaddonethatwhentaking31—35GHICJ36—40BKEAF三、阅读理解Plastichasbecomeperhapsthemostdemonisedmaterialofthelast12months,asthescaleofpollutionintheoceansbecomesincreasinglyapparent.Withdirepredictionsthat讦nothingisdonetherewillbemoreplasticintheseasbyweightthanfishby2050,ithasbecomeevidentthatwecannotrecycleourwayoutoftheplasticproblem.Morethan8mtonnesofplasticendupinouroceanseachyear.Meanwhilevirginplasticproductioncontinuesapaceandissettotoleapby40%overthenext10yearsasmoreproductsaremadefromvirginplasticthanfromrecycled.Butconsumerpressurecanforcechange.TheGuardianrevealedthisyearthatsupermarketsaloneput1mtonnesofplasticpackagingontothemarket.Buttheyareincreasinglyawarethat讦theircustomerslosefaiththeywilllosemoney.Almostaquarterofconsumerssurveyedearlierthisyearsaidtheywereextremelyconcernedaboutplasticpackaging.Morethanhalfsaidtheyweredoingwhattheycouldtoreducetheiruseofplastic.InAustralia,publicpressureledmanysupermarketsthisyeartoannouncetheywerephasingoutsingle-useplasticbags.TheseincludeColes,WooliesandHarrisFarm.Justproducingplasticuseshugeresources—ittakesaround12mbarrelsofoiltomakethe100bnplasticbagsusedannuallyintheUnitedStatesalone.ThisyearBritain'sIcelandsupermarkethasledtheway—andothersarebeginningtofollowsuit.Icelandhaspledgedtoeliminateplasticpackagingonitsowngoodsinfiveyears.Sowhatcanyoudotoreduceyourownplasticfootprintandputpressureonsupermarketsandmanufacturerstomovetowardsreuseableplasticitemsandhugelyincreasetheamountofrecycledplasticintheirproducts?Hereare10toptips:Startathome.Doaplasticauditofyourhousehold.Showerbottles,deodorants,washingupliquids,shampoobottles.Aimtomakereductionsherebyditchingshowergelforsoapandtheplasticcottonbudsforrecyclableones;buyliquiddetergentinrecycledplasticbottlesandfindarefillstationtofillthemup.Shampoobarsandtoiletpaperinrecycledpackagingarealsoavailable.IntheUS,1bnplastictoothbrushesarethrownouteachyear,creatingsome50mpoundsofwaste.Tryusingbambootoothbrushesinsteadwhichonlytakeaboutsixmonthstobiodegradebackintothesoilwhenyouhavetoreplaceyourbrush.Carryreuseablefabricshoppingbags.Trybuyingwholesaleandputtingdriedproductssuchasrice,pastaandlentilsintoglassjarstoavoidbuyingproductswrappedinplastic.Recycleoldplasticchildren'stoys.Searchforatoylibraryinyourareatoborrowfromordonateto.Andconsidercharityshopswhenlookingforgifts.Carryareuseablecoffeecuporflask;7mplastic-linedcoffeecupsarethrownawayintheUKeveryday.Saynotoplasticcutlery.Carryaforkwithyouoruseacompostablealternative.Ditchclingfilmwrapforyourfood.ItcannotberecycledinmostUKcollections.Foilisrecyclable,sousefoilinsteadorreuseableplasticboxes.Useanelectricrazorinsteadofplasticdisposableone.Writetocompanieswhosepackagingisnon-recyclable,askingthemtoconsiderusinglessdestructivematerials.Maybeeventhinkaboutstartingasocialmediacampaigntoraiseawareness.Strengthinnumbers!•Thisarticlewasamendedon3January2019.Anearlierversionsuggestedthat12moilbarrelsproduced100mplasticbags.Thatfigureismorelike100bnbags.Inaddition,theestimateof1bnplastictoothbrushesbeingthrownouteachyearrelatesjusttotheUS,notglobally.Thishasbeencorrected.Itwasfurtheramendedon4January2019toremoveareferencetoabrandedproduct.Questions:Accordingtothisarticle,whatimpactplastichashadontheenvironmentinthepastmonths?Thescaleofpollutionintheoceansbecomesincreasinglyapparent.Thespeciesoffishhavebeenreducedalot.Pollutedtheair.Raisingsealevel.Whatcansupermarketsdotoreduceplasticpollution?Donotsellplasticproducts.Noplasticpackagedgoods.Phasingoutdisposableplasticbags.Non-reusableplasticproducts.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?Plasticscannotberecycled.Virginplasticsareincreasinglylowinourdailylives.Consumerswanttoreducetheuseofplastics.Ittakesalotofresourcestoproduceplastics.Accordingtothisarticle,whichofthefollowingmethodscannotreducetheuseofplastics?Replaceplastictoothbrushwithbambootoothbrush.Packaginggoodswithglasscansinsteadofplasticpackaging.Donotuseplastictableware.Massiveuseofpreservativefilm.Wherecanweseethepassage?InNovelInFashionmagazineInEnvironmentalmagazineInAdvertisement文章导读：本文选择《卫报》上关于人与自然环境之间的垃圾问题，网址为/environment/2019/jan/03/plastics-consumption-reduce-2019-10-easy-ways文章大意：本文主要讲了，塑料污染的严峻现实，以及随着塑料污染越来越严重，人们开始意识到要减少塑料的使用量。在各大超市缩小塑料包装袋的使用和一次性购物袋的使用量，以及如何减少塑料使用的10条建议。词汇点拨：reducevt.换算；使变弱；vi.减少；减轻体重；apparentadj.易看见的，可看见的；貌似的，表面的；recycledv.回收利用（recycle的过去式和过去分词）；再利用；forcen.力；武力；（社会）势力；魄力；vt.强迫；强行；促使，推动；publicadj.公共的；人人知道的，知名的；n.大众；社会；公共场所；（文学家等的）爱读者；descendvt.下来；向下倾斜；遗传下来；来自，来源于；vi.（from）起源（于）；是…的后裔；（on）袭击；（to）把身份降至；ordinaryadj.普通的，平常的，正常的；平庸的，平淡的;n.普通，平常的人（或事）；regularadj.有规律的；规则，整齐的；n.常客；adv.定期地；经常地；短语精选：clingfilm食品薄膜switchto切换到，转到，转变成；转入byweight按重量计算wayout出路;摆脱困境的办法，出口，太平门；活路;生路morethan超过；不只是；很；在…次以上endupin＜非正＞以…结束;死setto打起来；大吃起来；＜非正＞开始努力干；把脸转向…madefrom由…做成；由…制造thisyear今年;本年度参考答案及解析：A【解析】根据文中Plastichasbecomeperhapsthemostdemonisedmaterialofthelast12months,asthescaleofpollutionintheoceansbecomesincreasinglyapparent在过去的12个月中，随着海洋污染的规模越来越明显，塑料可能已经成为最受妖魔化的材料。故选AC【解析】根据文中InAustralia,publicpressureledmanysupermarketsthisyeartoannouncetheywerephasingoutsingle-useplasticbags在澳大利亚，公众的压力促使许多大卖场今年宣布，他们正在逐步淘汰一次性塑料袋。故选CA【解析】根据文中以及生活常识，Plasticscanberecycled。塑料是可以循环使用的。故选AD【解析】根据文中Tryusingbambootoothbrushesinsteadwhichonlytakeaboutsixmonthstobiodegradebackintothesoilwhenyouhavetoreplaceyourbrush.试着用竹子牙刷代替，这种牙刷只需大约六个月的时间就能被生物降解成当你不得不更换你的刷子。以及Trybuyingwholesaleandputtingdriedproductssuchasrice,pastaandlentilsintoglassjarstoavoidbuyingproductswrappedinplastic试着批发购买，并将大米、意大利面和扁豆等干制品放入玻璃瓶，以避免购买用塑料包装的产品。.以及Saynotoplasticcutlery.对塑料餐具说不。故选DC【解析】根据文中10easywaystoreduceyourplasticsusein20192019年减少塑料使用量的10个简单方法。可知这是一篇关于环保的文章故选C译文：丢弃保鲜膜，改用肥皂：2019年减少塑料使用的10种简单方法在过去的12个月中，随着海洋污染的规模越来越明显，塑料可能已经成为最受妖魔化的材料。随着可怕的预测，如果不采取任何措施，到2050年，海洋中的塑料（按重量计）将比鱼类多，很明显，我们用无法循环利用的方式来解决塑料问题。每年超过800万吨的塑料最终流入我们的海洋。与此同时，维珍塑料的生产仍在快速增长，并且在未来10年内将跃升40%，因为更多的产品是由维珍塑料制成的，而不是由回收材料制成的。但是消费