【创新设计】高考英语总复习 63Unit 3 Understanding each other（江苏专用）

Unit3UnderstandingeachotherⅠ.单词默写1．congratulate

vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺2．permit

vt.&vi.允许，准许n.许可证3．throughout

prep.&adv.自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及4．alike

adj.相像，十分相似adv.十分相像地；同样地5．expectation

n.期望，期盼6．gesture

n.手势；姿势；示意动作7．mask

n.面具vt.伪装，掩饰8．musical

adj.音乐的n.音乐剧9．steam

vt.&vi.蒸，蒸发n.蒸汽10．roast

vt.烤，烘烤adj.烤的，焙的11．ensure

vt.tomakesomethingcertaintohappen12．accustomed

adj.tobecomeusedtosomething13．slight

adj.smallinamount14．carve

vt.tocutaspecialshapeoutofwoodorstone15．govern

vt.tocontrolanddirecttheaffairsofacountryanditspeopleⅡ.词汇拓展1．celebrationn．庆祝，庆典→celebrate

v.2．adjustvi.&vt.调节，调整→adjustment

n．→adjustable

adj.可调整的，可调节的3．minorityn．少数，少数民族→majority

n．多数(反义词)4．accountn．描述，叙述→accountantn.会计，会计师5．peacen．和平；和睦；安宁→peacefuladj.→peacefully

adv.语境助记——词不离句，句不离段Atthecelebration，hewasaccustomedtocongratulatingothers.Futhermore，headjustedhisfeelings.Thataccountedforhisexpectation.

Ⅲ.短语落实1．letalone更不用说2．showsomebodyaround带某人参观、游览3．takeup占据(时间或空间)4．havepowerover控制，支配5．makeadifference有作用(关系、影响)6．havetroubleindoingsth.做某事有困难7．overthemoon兴喜若狂8．dreamof梦想，梦见，向往9．takepartin参加，参与，从事10．bringwith带来，拿来，取来；记住了Ⅳ.句子翻译1．InThailandandotherpartsofSouth­EastAsia，thenormalgreetingisaslightbowwiththehandspressedtogether.(Page43)在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。2．Theydislikeitwhenpeopledonotlookatthecards，soremembernottojustputtheminyourpocketwithoutlooking.(Page43)他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。3．嗯，你知道，在很多国家人们用食指来指东西。(Page35)Well，youknowinmanycountriespeoplepointwiththeirfirstfinger.4．许多外国人很难适应这种做法。(Page35)Manyforeignershavetroublegettingaccustomedtodoing_it.5．禁忌，是或不是——这是个问题！(Page43)Tabooornottaboo—thatisthequestion!Ⅴ.教材设题句型转换(每空不超过3个单词)1．IamalwaysamazedathowAmericansaresodifferentfromusBrits.(教材P35)→Italwaysamazesme/makesmeamazedhowAmericansaresodifferentfromusBrits.2．Forexample，IhavefondchildhoodmemoriesofBonfireNight，butmyAmericanfriendsarenotfamiliarwiththatparticularfestival.(教材P35)→Forexample，IhavefondchildhoodmemoriesofBonfireNight，butthatparticularfestivalisn'tfamiliartomyAmericanfriends.3．ThismeanstheyneedtomovearoundtohuntforfoodintheArticCircle.(教材P46)→Thismeanstheyneedtomovearound，huntingforfoodintheArticCircle.4．AtriptoKakadoinAustraliawillincludeathree­daystayinginanAboriginevillage.(教材P46)AtriptoKakadoinAustraliawillincludestaying(for)threedaysinanAboriginevillage.5．Theseceremoniessometimesgoonforhours.(教材P46)→Theseceremoniessometimeslasthours.【课本原句】Ineedsomehelponmyhomework；it'saboutculturaldifferences.(P34)我的关于文化差异的家庭作业需要一些帮助。【联想拓展】

differencen．区别，差异makeabigdifferencetosb/sth 对某人(物)关系重大differentadj. 不同的，有区别的bedifferentfrom...(in...) (在……方面)与……不同differentlyadv. 不同地differvi. 与……不同differfrom 和……不同①Someofthesedifferences(一些不同)maybeonlyonthesurface—dress，foodandhoursofwork—whileothersmaybedeeperandtakelongertodealwith.(2011·全国卷II·阅读理解D)②Inaword，theProgramaimstoencouragestudentstobeactivecitizensandengagethemselvesinmakingadifference(做出改变)insociety.(2011·天津卷·阅读表达)——看看高考怎么考③Idifferfromher(跟她意见不同)about/onthisquestion.④Yourageshouldn'tmakeanydifference________whetheryougetthejobornot.(2012·江西临川一中10月份月考)A．to B．fromC．than D．with

答案A【课本原句】It'squitefunnywatchingthenewforeignteacherstryingtoadjusttodoingthat.(P35)看着新来的外籍老师尝试去适应做那个很有趣。【考点归纳】adjuststhtosth调节，调整adjustv．调整，调节；适应，适合adjusttodoingsth习惯于(做)某事，适应于(做)某事adjust(oneself)to使自己适应于makeanadjustment作出调整①Childrenhavebettergradesatschoolandarebetteradjustedasteensandadults，andtheentirefamilyenjoyshealthiernutrition.(2010·山东卷·阅读表达)②Rainforestshaveagreateffectontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjust(适应)theclimate.(2009·安徽卷·阅读理解E)③Howdoyouadjustyourselftoanewplace(准备去适应一个新的地方)?——看看高考怎么考④Thedesksandseatscanbe________totheheightofanychild.(2012·江苏省海门市高三第二次诊断性考试)A．applied B．adoptedC．adjusted D．Adapted答案C【课本原句】It'sacelebrationthattakesplaceonNovember5theveryyear.(P35)它是在每年的11月5日举行的庆祝会。

celebrationn．庆典，庆祝会holdacelebrationfor为……举行庆祝会celebratesth庆祝某事

“in＋n.＋of”构成的常见短语：inhonourof为了纪念，以……名义inpraiseof赞美,inneedof需要inplaceof代替inmemoryof纪念incaseof以防，万一infavourof支持

【联想拓展】辨析celebrate/congratulate(1)celebrate表示“庆祝”时，宾语是sth.，其名词是：celebration。WeheldacelebrationoftheNationalDay.＝WeheldacelebrationincelebrationoftheNationalDay.为了庆祝国庆节，我们举行了庆祝会。(2)congratulate表示“向某人表示祝贺，向某人道喜”，其宾语是sb.，可构成短语congratulatesbon(doing)sth其名词是：congratulation。①NewYear，itiscommontogivegiftsonmanyofthesecelebrationsinwesterncultures(西方文化的庆典)．(2010·陕西卷·六选五)②Weheldapartytocelebrate/incelebrationoftheNationalDay(来庆祝国庆节)．③Wecongratulatedhim(祝贺他)onhavingpassedtheexamination.——看看高考怎么考④Thethreesistersdecidedtoholdafamilypartyto________theirparents'silverwedding.(2012·长沙市一中月考)A．celebrate B．memorizeC．congratulate D．welcome答案A【课本原句】ButwhatisreallyinterestingisthattherearesometimesgreatculturaldifferencesevenbetweennativeEnglishspeakers.(P35)但是真正有趣的是有时候甚至在以英语为母语的本国人之间都会有很大的文化差异。nativeadj.本土的，本国的anativespeakerofEnglish以英语为母语的人nativeland故土nativeLondoner土生土长的伦敦人nativelanguage/tongue母语nativecustom当地习俗nativeintelligence天生的才智benativeto指(植物)原属于……源于……gonative入乡随俗anativeof...……的本地人①Oh，yousoundedjustlikeanative(听起来像是本地人)．(2011·安徽卷·单项填空23)②Tobaccoisaplantnative________America.(2012·长沙地质中学月考)A．for B．at C．to D．in答案C——看看高考怎么考③Heisanative________NewYork.(2012·长沙周南中学月考)A．atB．inC．onD．of

答案D【课本原句】Thebreakingofatabooisusuallyupsettingorembarrassingforthepersonconcernedandthepeoplearoundhimorher.(P43)对于相关的人和他(她)身边的人来说打破禁忌通常是令人苦恼和尴尬的。concernvt.与……有关，涉及；n.担心，关心concernedadj.担心的；相关的(作后置定语)beconcernedwithsth与某事有关beconcernedabout(for)sth/that对……担心或忧虑as/sofaras...beconcerned就……而言concerningprep.关于①Duringthe1970s，peoplestartedbecomingconcernedabout(变得关心)thepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.(2011·安徽卷·阅读理解B)②Thequalityofthebookswasofgreatconcern(涉及)totheRichters.(2011·山东卷·阅读理解B)③Herillnessconcernsherparents(使她的父母很担心)．——看看高考怎么考④Themeetingwasconcerned________reformsandeveryonepresentwasconcerned________theirowninterests.(2011·周南中学摸底考试)A．with；for B．with；withC．for；about D．about；with答案A【课本原句】Youwillhavethechancetojoinoneoftheselargeassembliesandtakepartinthedancing，listentotraditionalaccountsofbravery，andplaygames.(P46)你将有机会参加一个大集会，参与跳舞，听听对勇敢的传统诠释和玩游戏。

accountn．描述，叙述，描写；账户；原因

vt.&vi.说明，解释oaccount＝oconsideration考虑，体谅takeaccountofsth 考虑某事，注意某事bring/callsbtoaccountfor 责问某人onaccountof 因为，由于……onone'saccount 因为某人的缘故onnoaccount 决不(位于句首时，句子要用倒装)accountfor 解释；占……比例②Onnoaccountmust/canyoutellhimaboutourplans(你把我们的计划告诉他)．③Hisillness________，hedidfairlywellintheexamination.(2012·长郡中学月考)A．takingintoaccount B．takenintoaccountC．totakeintoaccount D．tookintoaccount答案B——看看高考怎么考【课本原句】Anotherthingis，ifyoucametoBrunei，youwouldhavetotakeoffyourshoesbeforegoingintosomeone'shouse.(P35)另一件事是，如果你去文莱，在进入别人房子前必须脱下鞋子。

takeoff脱(鞋，衣，帽等)；(飞机)起飞；休假；(事业，经济等)腾飞takearisk冒险takeadvantageof利用takeastep/steps采取行动/措施takeaction(on)(对……)采取措施takecareof照顾，料理takecontrolof控制，掌管takeeffect开始起作用【联想拓展】oconsideration考虑某事takenoticeof注意takeoffice就职takeover接管，接替职务takesb'splace代替某人；接替某人的位置takethefloor起立发言；起步跳舞用与take有关的短语填空Sincegraduation，he①hasbeentakingon(承担)theworkofenvironmentalpreservation.Inthefirstfiveyears，he②tookthetrouble(不怕麻烦，费力)todotheresearchrelatedtowaterconservation，which③tookup(占据)muchofhistime.Nowheisbusytravelingaroundtocountrytogivespeeches，inwhichhecallsonusto④takefulladvantageof(充分利用)solarenergy.Healways⑤takespridein(感到骄傲)hiswork；hebelievesthatifeveryone⑥tookaction(采取行动)，ourenvironmentwouldbemuchcleaner.——看看高考怎么考【课本原句】Wealsouseunrealconditionalstorefertoanimaginarypastaction.(P40)我们也用非真实条件句来提及一个过去的假想行动。

referto谈及，提到；指称；查阅；参考referto...谈及……referto...as...将……称为……bereferredtoas被称作为……referencen. 参考，参照referencebooks 参考书havereferenceto 和……有关系inreferenceto 关于withoutreferenceto 和……无关【联想拓展】①Englishisreferredtoas(被称作为……)auniversallanguage.(2011·北京卷·阅读理解D)②WhenIamfacedwithadifficulty，Iusuallychoosetoreferto(查阅)relevantlearningmaterialsorWebpages.(2011·安徽卷·书面表达，范文赏读)——看看高考怎么考③Theheadmastersuggestedthestudent________tobegivenaprize.(2012·湖南师大附中月考)A．refer B．referredC．referring D．wouldrefer

答案B【课本原句】Ihavenoideawhathewilldowiththemall，andittookupalotoftime.(P42)我不知道他会如何处理他们，并且花了很多时间。takeup占据(时间或空间)；开始从事；跟随；拿起；提起；继续takeuplessspace占据较小的空间takeuptoomuchtime占去太多时间takeuparms拿起武器(去战斗)takeupajob/struggle从事工作/斗争

takeaway减去，取走takeback取回，归还；收回诺言，话语等takedown取下；写下，记下；把某物拆开takein吸收；欺骗takesth.forgranted认为某事当然；想当然takeaninterestin...对……感兴趣takepridein引以为豪【联想拓展】①Wewillonlybeabletoreservethepoolforonehour(i.e.2：45pmto3：45pm)．Onlystudentsskilfulatswimmingcantakeup(从事)thisactivity.(2010·福建卷·阅读理解D)②Maybeyoushouldtakeupswimming(进行游泳锻炼)．③Notknowingmuchoftheworldyet，simple­mindedteenagersareeasily________.(2012·湖南邵东一中月考)A．takenup B．takeninC．takenon D．takenoff答案B——看看高考怎么考【课本原句】ThiswillbetheplacewhereyouwillmeetwiththeMaorisandjoinwiththemindance.(P47)这将是你会见毛利人并与他们跳舞的地方。meetwith会见，会晤；偶然碰见meetwithapproval/success 获得同意/成功meetwithdisapproval/failure 遭到反对/失败meetwithanaccident/danger/death 遭遇事故/危险/死亡

meetsb. 结识/碰到/迎接某人meetademand/need/requirement满足需求/需要/要求meetanaim/goal/target 达到目的/目标/指标meetdebts/costs/expenses 偿付债务/支付费用/支付开销makeendsmeet (使)收支相抵【联想拓展】①Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright，ratherthanploughaheadfullbore，aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals(实现他们的商业目标)．(2011·四川卷·阅读理解E)②Jackwasstillverycalm，inspiteofthequarrelwiththeboss，andgreetedeverypersonhemet________thewaybacktohisoffice.(2012·长沙田家炳中学月考)A．onB．withC．inD．by答案A

——看看高考怎么考③Unlessallhisdemandswere______，hewouldrefusetosigntheagreement，heinsisted.(2012·邵阳市一中11月份月考)A．metB．permittedC．allowedD．replied答案A【课本原句】TherearemanydifferenttribesthatbelongtotheNativeAmericanIndiangroup.(P47)美洲印第安土著民族有许多不同的部落。belongto属于；与……有关

belongto“属于；与……有关”，无被动态，不用进行时态，其中to为介词