科罗拉多大峡谷The-Grand-Canyon

Welcometothe

GrandCanyon!visionTheGrand

Canyon

inArizonaisoneofthelargestandmostbeautifulofallcanyons.Itextendsfourhundredfiftykilometers.visionvision

Whenyoureachitsedge……nothingelseintheworld.visionHundredsof

rocky

pointsrisefromthebottomoftheGrandCanyon.sobeautiful!visionFortymillionyearsago,theColoradoRiverbegancuttingthroughthearea.Atthesametime,thesurroundinglandwaspushedupbyforcesdeepwithintheEarth.Rain,snow,ice,wind,andplantrootsrubbedawayatthetopofthenew

canyon.Below,theflowing

rivercontinuedto

uncover

moreandmorelevelsofancientrock.Wallsofrockfallawaysharplyatyourfeet.Insomeplaces,the

canyonwallsaremorethanakilometerdeep.visionvisiontheColoradoRiver.Ontheotherside,sunshinelightsupthenakedrockwallsinred,orange,andgold.Thebrightcolorsaretheresultofmineralsintherocks..visionTheir

appearance

changesendlessly--withthelight,thetimeofyear,andtheweather.sunsetvisionblue,purple,green.visionTheclimatewinteryoumayfindcoldwindsandsnowatthetop……springButatthebottom,youmayfindwarmwindsandflowers.

Severalkindsofplantsandanimalsarefoundinthe

canyon

andnowhereelseonEarth.Becausethe

canyon'senvironmentsare

sodifferent,these

species

didnot

spredbeyondthecanyon,orevenfarwithinit.visionTheHopi,thePaiute,theNavajoandotherNativeAmericantribeshaveallbeenintheareaforatleastsevencenturies.

However,muchofwhatweknowtodayabouttheGrand

Canyon

wasrecordedbyJohnWesleyPowell.Ineighteensixty-nine,hebecamethefirstwhiteAmericantoexplore

muchofthe

canyon.HistoryvisionToday,theGrand

Canyon

isknownasoneofthesevenwondersofthenaturalworld.AboutfivemillionpeoplevisittheCanyoneachyear.America'sNationalParkServiceisresponsibleforprotectingtheGrand

Canyon

fromtheeffectsofsomanyvisitors.

Allwastematerialmustbecarriedoutofthe

Canyon.Allrocks,historicalobjects,plants,andwildlifemustbeleftuntouched.Takeonlyphotographs.Leaveonlyfootprints!vision

ManywritershavetriedtodescribethewonderoftheGrandCanyon.Theyusewordslikemysterious,overpowering,strange.Yetwritersrecognizethatitisimpossibletoputhumanmeaninginsuchaplace.TheGrandCanyonexistsinitsownspaceandtime.《Canyon

Lullaby》——PaulWinterArtisticworks：visionthemorningvisionThealmostoverpoweringsilenceanddeepnessoftheGrandCanyonshakespeople--atleastbriefly--outoftheirself-importance.Itwillmakesusrememberourplaceinthenaturalworld.

visionAndnow,it'stimeto···Thankyou!Andbestwishesforyou~

Goodbye~

演讲文本：TheGrand

Canyon:ATrueWonderoftheWorldVOICEONE:I'mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndI'mBarbaraKleinwithEXPLORATIONSinVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetakeyoutooneofthemost

popular

andbeautifulplacesintheUnitedStates.ItistheGrand

Canyon

inthesouthwesternstateofArizona.今天，我们将带着大家认识在美国最受游客欢迎、最美丽的一处景点——西南部亚利桑那州的大峡谷。(MUSIC:"Canyon

Lullaby")VOICEONE:ThecanyonsofAmerica'sSouthwestaredeep,ancientopeningsintheearth.美国西南部的大峡谷是世界上最深、最古老的峡谷。Theylookasiftheyformedastheearth

split

apart.Butthecanyonsdidnotsplit.Theywerecutbyrivers.Theriverscarrieddirtandpiecesofstonethatslowlyateawayatthesurroundingrock.Formillionsofyears,theriversturnedandpushed.Theycutdeeperanddeeperintotheearth.Theyleftapathwayofgreat

rocky

openingsintheearththat

extend

forhundredsofkilometers.它们可能成形于地球板块分裂之时。不过，大峡谷并没有裂开。它是被一条条的河流给隔开的。带着沙石的河流逐渐侵蚀周围的岩石，数百万年来，不停地流转、冲刷。河流越来越深地切入地表，在延绵数百公里的大峡谷中留下了一条通道。VOICETWO:TheGrand

Canyon

inArizonaisoneofthelargestandmostbeautifulofallcanyons.Itextendsfourhundredfiftykilometers.亚利桑那州的大峡谷是最大、最美丽的峡谷之一，绵延450公里。Thesurroundingareadoesnotmakeyou

suspect

theexistenceofsuchagreatopeningintheearth.Youcomeuponthe

canyon

suddenly,whenyoureachitsedge.Thenyouarelookingatalandlikenothingelseintheworld.但周围的区域环境让你不会想到地球上还有如此巨大的峡谷。只有当游客们到达峡谷边缘时，才会突然感觉到它的存在。他们所看到的是世界上独一无二的一片土地。VOICEONE:Wallsofrockfallawaysharplyatyourfeet.Insomeplaces,the

canyon

wallsaremorethanakilometerdeep.Farbelowisthedark,turninglineoftheColoradoRiver.脚底下就是刀削一般险峻的悬崖壁。有些地方的悬崖深达一千多米，悬崖之下就是深邃的、蜿蜒的科罗拉多河。Ontheotherside,sunshinelightsupthenakedrockwallsinred,orange,andgold.Thebrightcolorsaretheresultofmineralsintherocks.Their

appearance

changesendlessly--withthelight,thetimeofyear,andtheweather.峡谷的另一边，阳光辉映下的峭壁呈红、橙和金色；绚丽的色彩是因为峭壁上的矿石所致。其色彩随着阳光、季节和气候的变化而变化。Atsunset,whenthesunhasmovedacrossthesky,thecanyon

wallsgiveuptheirfieryredsandgolds.Theytakeonquietercolorsofblue,purple,andgreen.

日落时，阳光划过天空，峡谷峭壁褪去了火一般的红色和金色，呈现出较为柔和的蓝色、紫色和绿色。VOICETWO:Hundredsof

rocky

pointsrisefromthebottomoftheGrandCanyon.Someareverytall.Yetallarebelowthelevelofanobserverontheedge,lookingover.LookingattheGrand

Canyon

islikelookingbackintime.数百座石峰屹立于峡谷中，有些石峰非常高。然而，站在悬崖上俯瞰，所有的石峰又尽在脚下。了解大峡谷的历史要穿越历史的长河。Fortymillionyearsago,theColoradoRiverbegancuttingthroughthearea.Atthesametime,thesurroundinglandwaspushedupbyforcesdeepwithintheEarth.Rain,snow,ice,wind,andplantrootsrubbedawayatthetopofthenew

canyon.Below,the

flowing

rivercontinuedto

uncover

moreandmorelevelsofancientrock.SomeofEarth'soldestrocksareseenhere.Therearemanylevelsof

granite,schist,

limestone,andsandstone.四千万年前，科罗拉多河开始流经这一地带。与此同时，周围的土地被地球深处的能量推向高处。雨雪、冰雹、风和植物的根部侵蚀了新形成的峡谷的顶部。峡谷下面，河流奔腾不息地冲刷着地古老的岩石，冲刷面越来越大。这里有一些世界上最古老的岩石。有很多各种层次的花岗岩、片岩、石灰岩和砂岩VOICEONE:TheGrand

Canyon

hasseveralweatherenvironments.Thetopisoftenmuchdifferentfromthebottom.Onsomewinterdays,forexample,youmayfindcoldwindsandsnowatthetop.Butatthebottom,youmayfindwarmwindsandflowers.峡谷地区有好几种气候环境。谷顶和谷底的气候通常相差很大。举个例子，冬季来临时，谷顶可能寒风呼啸、遍布积雪，谷底却暖风拂面、鲜花盛开。Severalkindsofplantsandanimalsarefoundinthe

canyon

andnowhereelseonEarth.Becausethe

canyon'senvironmentsaresodifferent,these

species

didnot

spread

beyondthecanyon,orevenfarwithinit.大峡谷的某些植物和动物也是世界上其它地区无法见到的。其原因是因为大峡谷独特的生态环境使这些生物无法传播到峡谷的周边地区，甚至无法在峡谷以外的地方存活。(MUSIC)VOICETWO:NativeAmericanIndians

occupied

theGrand

Canyon

threethousandyearsago.

Evidence

oftheirexistencehasbeenfoundinmorethantwothousandfivehundredplacessofar.Bones,hair,feathers,eventheremainsofplantshavebeenfoundindeep,drycaveshighintherockwalls.芭芭拉•克莱恩：美国印第安人三千年前就居住大峡谷地区。到目前为止，已经找到2500多处地方可以证明他们曾经在这一带生活过。人们在岩壁深处干燥的岩洞里发现了骨骼、毛发、羽毛，甚至还有残留的植物。TheHopi,thePaiute,theNavajoandotherNativeAmericantribeshaveallbeenintheareaforatleastsevencenturies.

However,muchofwhatweknowtodayabouttheGrand

Canyon

wasrecordedbyJohnWesleyPowell.霍皮人、派尤特人、纳瓦霍人还有其他的印第安部落都曾在峡谷地带生活过七个世纪以上。不过，我们今天对大峡谷的了解来自约翰•韦斯利•鲍威尔的记录。Ineighteensixty-nine,hebecamethefirstwhiteAmericantoexplore

muchofthe

canyon.1869年，约翰•韦斯利•鲍威尔成为第一个深入探索大峡谷的美国白人。VOICEONE:JohnWesleyPowellandhisgrouptraveledinfourboats.Theyknewverylittleaboutgettingovertherapid,

rocky

watersoftheColoradoRiver.Inmanyareasoffast-flowing

water,aboatcouldbeturnedoverbyawaveashighasahouse.Soonafterstarting,Powell'sgrouplostsomeofitsfoodandequipment.Thenthreemembersofthegroupleft.Astheywalkedupandoutofthe

canyon,theywerekilledbyIndians.Therestofthegroupwasluckyto

survive.Starvingandtired,theyreachedtheendofthe

canyon.TheyhadtraveledontheColoradoRiverformorethanthreemonths.JohnWesleyPowell'sreportsandmapsfromthetripmadehimfamous.TheyalsogreatlyincreasedinterestintheGrandCanyon.Butvisitorsdidnotbegintogotothereinlargenumbersuntilnineteen-oh-one.Thatwaswhena

railroad

reachedthearea.史蒂夫•恩伯：约翰•韦斯利•鲍威尔和他的队员乘坐四艘轮船航行。他们对遍布礁石的、险峻的科罗拉多河所知甚少。在很多水流湍急的水域，船只很有可能被房子一般高的波浪击沉到海底。出发后不久，鲍威尔的船队损失了一些食物和设备。接着，船队又损失了三名船员。他们在下船走出峡谷时被印第安人杀害了。其余的船员幸存了下来。带着饥饿和疲劳，他们来到了峡谷的尽头。他们已经在科罗拉多河上航行了三个多月。约翰•韦斯利•鲍威尔绘制了让他成名的航行路线图，并记录了航行经过。这些资料也大大唤起了人们对大峡谷的兴趣。大峡谷在1990年通上了火车。不过在那之前，很少有大批游客来大峡谷。(MUSIC)VOICETWO:

Today,theGrand

Canyon

isknownasoneofthesevenwondersofthenaturalworld.Aboutfivemillionpeoplevisitthe

canyon

eachyear.大峡谷被认为是世界七大自然奇观之一，每年约有五百万游客前来参观Mostvisitorswalkalongpathspartwaydownintothecanyon.Ittakesseveralhourstowalktothebottom.Ittakestwotimesaslongtogetbackup.Somevisitorsridemulestothebottomandback.Themulesarestronganimalsthatlooklikehorses.Theyareknownfortheirabilitytowalkslowlyandsafelyonthepaths.许多游客沿小路而下进入峡谷，数小时之内可以抵达谷底，原路返回还需增加一倍的时间。也有游客骑骡子往返于悬崖和谷底之间。骡子看起来像马一样强壮，以在小路上行走缓慢、安全而出名。America'sNationalParkServiceisresponsibleforprotectingtheGrand

Canyon

fromtheeffectsofsomanyvisitors.Allwastematerialmustbecarriedoutofthe

canyon.Allrocks,historicalobjects,plants,andwildlifemustbeleftuntouched.AstheNationalParkServicetellsvisitors:"Takeonlyphotographs.Leaveonlyfootprints.美国国家公园服务处保护大峡谷，使之免受游客的破坏。游客必须带走所有的垃圾。所有的岩石、历史文物和野生动植物都必须完好无损，正如国家公园给游客的忠告一样：“带走的是照片，留下的是脚印。”VOICEONE:ThereareseveralotherwaystovisittheGrand

Canyon.Hundredsofthousandsofpeopleseethe

canyon

byaireachyear.Theypayahelicopterorairplane

pilot

toflythemaboveandaroundthecanyon.AbouttwentythousandpeopleayearseetheGrand

Canyon

fromtheColoradoRiveritself.Theyrideboatsovertherapid,

rocky

water.Thesetripslastfromoneweektothreeweeks.史蒂夫•恩伯：游览大峡谷有很多种方式，每年都有很多人从空中俯瞰峡谷。他们花钱请直升机或飞机飞行员带他们盘旋于大峡谷上空。每年大约有两万名游客在科罗拉多河上乘船游览大峡谷。他们乘船经过遍布礁石的、险峻的河流。这些旅程可持续一到三周。VOICETWO:VisitorscanseetheGrand

Canyon

instillanotherway.Ahugeglasswalkway,calledtheSkywalk,extendstwenty-onemetersfromtheedgeoftheGrand

Canyon.TheSkywalkis

suspended

morethanonethousandtwohundredmetersabovethebottomofthecanyon.Itisshapedlikeagianthorseshoe.Visitorspaytwenty-fivedollarseachtowalkbeyondthecanyonwalls,surroundedbythecanyon,whilestandingattheedgeoftheglassbridge.TheHualapaiIndianTribebuilttheSkywalkatacostofmorethanfortymilliondollars.Thetribeownsalmostfourhundredthousandhectaresoflandinthe

canyon.TheHualapaibuilttheSkywalktogainmoneybygettingmorepeopletovisitits

reservation.Thetribesaysthearea,calledGrand

Canyon

West,will

include

alargevisitors'center,restaurants,andpossiblyhotelsinthefuture.SomepeoplesaytheSkywalkisanengineeringwonder.However,otherpeoplehave

criticized

theSkywalkandfuturedevelopment.

TheysayitharmsanationaltreasureandreducestheenjoymentofnatureintheGrand

Canyon.（音乐）芭芭拉•克莱恩：还有一种方式可以让游客们游览大峡谷。大峡谷的悬崖边延伸出一条宽达21米的玻璃通道，被称为“天空步道”。“天空步道”悬挂在距谷底1200多米的半空，其形状就像一个巨大的马蹄铁。游客可以花25美元走在岩壁外面，四围都是峡谷，人就站在玻璃天桥的边缘。华拉派印第安部落耗资四千多万美元建造了这座人行天桥。该部落拥有大峡谷近四十万公顷的土地。他们通过吸引更多的游客参观这一历史遗产来集资建造天桥。华拉派部落表示，这一地带称为西部大峡谷，将来还会有大型的游客中心、餐馆，有可能还有酒店。有人认为“天空步道”是建筑上的奇迹。不过，也有人批评“天空步道”及未来的发展。他们认为它浪费了国家的财富，也减少了人们对大峡谷的自然风光的享受。(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Manywritershavetriedto

describe

thewonderoftheGrand

Canyon.Theyusewordslikemysterious,

overpowering,strange.Yetwriters

recognize

thatitis

impossible

toputhumanmeaningin