Unit 5 First Aid Using Language 知识点详解课件 【知识精讲+备课精研】 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Usinglanguage-Shareyourstoryaboutprovidingfirstaidinterruptscreamfellowdinerchokesteakthroatvi.&vt.打断；打扰vt.使暂停；使中断vi.&vt.(因愤或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫n.尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音adj.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的n.男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类n.(尤指餐馆的)就餐者vi.&vt.

(使)室息；(使)哽咽n.牛排；肉排n.咽喉；喉咙desperateslaphelpsbtoone'sfeetpracticalobstructionfistgrabtightlyn.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的vt.(用手掌)打、拍n.(用手掌)打、拍；

拍击声帮助某人站起身来adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的n.阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物n.拳；拳头vt.抓住；攫取n.抓取；抢夺adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地tightmotionfaceup/downjustifywelfarecollapsemanualadj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的

adv.紧紧地；牢固地n.运动；移动面朝上(朝下)

vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由n.幸福；福祉；安康；福利vi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒n.使用手册；说明书adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的ChenWei,ahighschoolstudentinBeijing,

hadhisdinnerinterrupted

whenheheardsomeonescreaming

fromanothertable.Afellowdinerattherestaurant,ZhangTao,waschokingonsomesteak.Hewasnowholdinghisthroatwithhisfaceturningred,whilehisdesperatefriendswereslappinghimontheback.北京高中生陈伟在吃晚餐，这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声。原来餐厅里的一个叫张涛的就餐者被牛排噎住了。只见他按着喉咙，满脸通红，他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。ChenWei，ahighschoolstudentinBeijing，hadhisdinnerinterrupted

whenheheardsomeonescreamingfromanothertable.陈伟是北京的一个高中生，当他听到另一个桌子的一个人正在尖叫时，他停下了吃饭。※hadhisdinnerinterrupted是“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构。have复合结构的具体构成：1

使……被……；某人遭遇……

使某人一直做某事

不容忍/不允许某人做某事

让某人做某事

有事情要做(不定式作定语)havesb./sth.donehavesb.doingsth.can’thavesb.doingsth.havesb.dosth.havesth.todo※heardsomeonescreaming是“hear＋宾语＋宾补”结构。hear复合结构的具体构成：do听到……做(宾语和宾补是主动关系)doing

听到……正在做(宾语和宾补是主动关系)done

听到……被做(宾语和宾补是被动关系)hear＋宾语＋(1)Theteacheraskedthegirlstohaveeverything________(prepare)beforetheperformance.老师要求女同学们在表演之前把所有的事情都准备好。(2)Tomakeprogress，theyhavemuchhomework

everyday.为了取得进步，他们每天有很多的作业要做。(3)Tofinishthetaskontime，themanhadthemachine

(work)alldaylong.为了按时完成任务，那人让机器一直运行着。(4)Shewaswalkingintheemptystreetwhensheheardhername _____(call).她正走在空荡荡的大街上，这时她听见有人喊她的名字。todopreparedworkingcalledWith复合结构：介词with+宾语+宾语补足语

with+宾语+形容词副词名词介词短语v-ingv-edtodo主动、进行被动、完成尚未发生“有...要做”句法功能：状语（表伴随条件、原因等）或定语Chenwastednotime.HegotupandrantoZhang'stableatonce.Withthehelpof

Zhang'sfriends,hewasabletohelp

Zhangtohisfeet.Then,standingbehindZhang,ChendidtheHeimlichmanoeuvre.Thefoodwasinstantlyforcedout,andZhangbegantobreatheagain.Tenminuteslater,anambulancearrived.ThedoctorscheckedZhangandmadesurethathewasfine.Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtake

smallerbitesbeforetheyleft.陈伟毫不迟疑。他立刻起身，跑到张涛桌前。在张涛朋友们的帮助下，陈伟扶着他站了起来。接着，陈伟站在张涛的背后，实施海姆立克急救法。食物瞬间被排出，张涛又能开始呼吸了。十分钟后，救护车赶到。医生们为张涛做了检査，确保他没有大碍。离开前，医生建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。离开前，医生建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtake

smallerbitesbeforetheyleft.2若suggest表示“建议”,则其后接的that从句谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式.一坚持insist二命令ordercommand三建议suggestadviserecommend四要求ask,demand,request,require

Chokingvictimsusuallyhaveonlyaboutfourminutesbeforetheycollapseandsometimesdie,

leavingnotimeforanambulancetoarrive.Tosolvethisproblem,in1974,anAmericandoctor,HenryHeimlich,createdtheHeimlichmanoeuvre,savingthousandsoflivesaroundtheworld.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreisquick，

practical,andeasy.Itissoeasy,infact,thatalmostanyonecanlearnhow.噎食者通常大约四分钟后就会瘫倒在地，有时甚至死亡，等不到救护车的到来。为解决这一问题，1974年美国医生亨利・海姆立克发明了海姆立克急救法，挽救了全世界成千上万人的生命。海姆立克急救法简便、实用、见效快。事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会。

Ifyouseesomeonechoking,firstcalltheemergencyservices.Then,makesurethevictimisreallychoking:Achokingpersoncannotspeak.Slappingthevictim’sbackwilloftenforceouttheobstruction.Ifthisdoesnotwork,youcanperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvrebystandingbehindhimandwrappingyourarmsaroundhiswaist.Makeafistwithonehandandplaceitintheupperpartofhisstomach.Grabbingyourfistwithyourotherhandtightly,pushupandintohisstomachinonemotion.Continuedoingthisuntiltheobstructionisforcedout.如果你发现有人被噎住，首先拨打急救电话。然后，确定此人确实是被噎住了:人被噎时是无法说话的。拍打噎食者的背部通常可以将异物排出。如果不奏效，那么你可以实施海姆立克急救法。具体做法是:站在此人身后，用双臂环抱其腰部。一只手握拳，置于其上腹部，另一只手紧紧握住拳头，快速用力向上往里挤压。重复上述动作，直至异物排出。1.HowtoperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonadultstandbehindhim/her

wrapyourarmsaroundhis/herwaistmakeafistwithonehandplaceitintheupperpartofhis/herstomachGrabyourfistwithyourotherhandtightlypushupandintohis/herstomachinonemotionDoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonasmallchildisnotrecommended,

asyoumayhurthim.Instead,laythechildfacedown

onyourlapwiththeheadlowerthantherestofhisbody,andthengivefirmslapstohisupperbackuntilhecanbreatheagain.

不建议对小孩实施海姆立克急救法，因为你可能会伤到他/她。相反，应将孩子脸朝下放在大腿上，使其头部低于身体其他部位，然后用力拍打其上背部，直至他/她恢复呼吸。2.HowtoperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonsmallchildlaythechildfacedownheadlowerthanhis/herbodygivefirmslapstohis/herupperback

Withchokingvictims,everyminutecounts.

Youcannotjuststandbyanddonothing.Luckily,Chenhadlearnthowtogivefirstaid

inschool.SeeingZhangchoking,heremainedcalmandreactedimmediately.Chenlatersaidabouttheincident,"HowcouldIjustify

sitting

thereanddoingnothing?Weareallhumansandweallhavearesponsibilitytolookafteroneanother'swelfare”

救助噎食者，分秒必争。不要袖手旁观。幸运的是，陈伟在学校学过急救方法。看到张涛噎住，他保持冷静，且反应迅速。后来，陈伟谈起此事时说道:“我有什么理由坐在那儿袖手旁观呢?大家都是人，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。”Withchokingvictims,everyminutecounts.对于挽救窒息者而言,每一分钟都非常要紧3count

在这里的意思是“有价值;很重要;要紧”,如:Everypointinthisgamecounts.这场比赛每一分都很重要matter的用法和含义与

count类似,如:Thechildrenmattermoretoherthananythingelseintheworld.对她来说,在这世界上没有比孩子更重要的了Everyminutecounts.是英语口语中的常用表达,意思是“一刻千金;分秒必争”,多用于紧急情况或提醒人们珍惜时间的语境。如:

Incaseofmedicalemergency.callforanambulancerightaway-everyminutecounts.遇到医疗紧情况,立即拨打电话叫救护车,分秒必争!HowcouldIjustifysittingthereanddoingnothing？我怎么可能坐在那儿什么都不做呢？4justifyv.为……辩护、开脱、找理由；证明……正当、有理、正确justify(doing)sth.为……辩护；

证明……正当、有理、正确justifyoneselffor(doing)sth.

因为(做)……为自己辩护(1)Hersuccesshadjustifiedthefaithherteachershadputinher.她的成功证明了老师对她的信心是正确的。(2)Theexperimentsjustify

(change)thenormalmethodofwork.这些实验说明改变通常的工作方法是对的。(3)Facedwithsomanyangrypeople，hehadtojustify

(he)forhisbehaviour.面对那么多愤怒的人，他不得不为自己的行为辩白。changinghimselfSummary1.ChenWei,ahighschoolstudentinBeijing,hadhisdinnerinterruptedwhenheheardsomeonescreamingfromanothertable.2.Hewasnowholdinghisthroatwithhisfaceturningred,whilehisdesperatefriendswereslappinghimontheback.3.Then,standingbehindZhang,ChendidtheHeimlichmanoeuvre.4.Chokingvictimsusuallyhaveonlyaboutfourminutesbeforetheycollapseandsometimesdie,leavingnotimeforanambulancetoarrive.宾补宾补状语定语状语5.Tosolvethisproblem,in1974,anAmericandoctor,HenryHeimlich,createdtheHeimlichmanoeuvre,savingthousandsoflivesaroundtheworld.6.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreisquick，practical,andeasy.7.Ifyouseesomeonechoking,firstcalltheemergencyservices.8.Then,makesurethevictimisreallychoking:Achokingpersoncannotspeak.9.Slappingthevictim’sbackwilloftenforceouttheobstruction.10.Ifthisdoesnotwork,youcanperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvrebystandingbehindhimandwrappingyourarmsaroundhiswaist.11.Grabbingyourfistwithyourotherhandtightly,pushupandintohisstomachinonemotion.状语主语宾补定语主语宾语状语12.Continuedoingthisuntiltheobstructionisforcedout.13.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonasmallchildisnotrecommended,asyoumayhurthim.14.Withchokingvictims,everyminutecounts.15.SeeingZhangchoking,heremainedcalmandreactedimmediately.Chenlatersaidabouttheincident,"HowcouldIjustifysittingthereanddoing

nothing?主语定语状语宾补宾语宾语have＋宾语＋宾语补足语句中hadhisdinnerinterrupted是“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，hisdinner与动词interrupt之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。其用法如下：

使……被……；某人遭遇……

使某人一直做某事

不容忍/不允许某人做某事

让某人做某事

有事情要做(不定式作定语)1havesb./sth.donehavesb.doingsth.can’thavesb.doingsth.havesb.dosth.havesth.todo(1)(应用文之建议信)Learningthatyou_____________________________________inEnglishlearning，I’mwritingtoofferyousomeadvice.Firstly，youhadbetter_________________________________everyday.Besides，whynot__________________________________youwhenyoucomeacrosssomedifficulties？Allinall，followtheaboveadviceandyoucan_____________________intime.can’thaveyourselffallingbehindothershavesomewordsandsentencestorecitehaveyourfriendsandEnglishteacherhelphaveyourEnglishimproved得知你不能容忍自己在英语学习方面落后于他人，我写信给你一些建议。首先，你最好有每天背诵的一些单词和句子。其次，当你遇到困难时，何不让你的朋友和英语老师帮你？总之，听从以上建议，你迟早会提高你的英语。(2)Iamterriblysorryto

intherainforsuchalongtime.我非常抱歉让你在雨里等这么长时间。haveyouwaitingso...that...结构此句中的so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，其用法如下：_____________________________________________somany/few/much/little(少)＋that2so＋adj./adv.＋thatso＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that注意：such...that...意为“如此……以至于”，也可引导结果状语从句，其用法如下：such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...such＋adj.＋

＋that...在so/such...that...结构中，如果so/such...放句首，句子要用部分倒装不可数名词/复数名词(1)(读后续写之喜悦心理描写)Hewas

healmostjumpedup，withtearswellingupinhiseyes.＝

healmostjumpedup，withtearswellingupinhiseyes.他是如此高兴，几乎要跳起