Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 课件 【备课精准教研】人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册

UNIT

4

NATURAL

DISASTERSSection

Ⅲ

Discovering

Useful

Structures限制性定语从句Ⅰ（关系代词）学习目标

1.通过分析教材例句,理解和掌握限制性定语从句的用法。(语言能力)2.以练促学,巩固限制性定语从句的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)3.熟练使用关系词。Don’tforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned.

Treasurethethingsthatyoucan’tget.Don’tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyou,andkeepthoselostthingsinmemory.

欣赏下面的句子并翻译成汉语.曾经拥有的,不要忘记。得不到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。画出下面句子中的定语1.Strangethingswerehappeninginthecountryside.

2.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.3.Somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.4.Morebuildingsfelldown.5.Allhopewasnotlost.6.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.7.Thewomanteacherintheroomismymother.8....drivingalongthenewhighwayconnectingCuscotoLakeTiticaca.9.ThegirlwithabookinherhandisMary.10.Heisafamouswriterwhocomesfromasmalltown.

定语是起修饰限定作用的成分。可以是形容词、名词、数词、代词、介词短语、分词短语、从句等形式！定语从句那个男人是杰克船长。那个男人正在奔跑。

那个正在奔跑的男人是杰克船长。Translate.ThemanisCaptainJack.Themanisrunning.ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.一群人正在追赶一个男人。

这个男人叫杰克船长。一群人正在追赶一个叫杰克船长的男人。Translate.Agroupofpeopleisrunningafteraman.Theman’snameisCaptainJack.AgroupofpeopleisrunningafteramanwhosenameisCaptainJack.定语从句的定义

在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。定语从句一般位于先行词后。意义“...的”ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.先行词俺是守护者！关系代词定语从句的分类ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.俺是限制性定语从句！Theman,

whoisrunning,isCaptainJack.俺是非限制性定语从句！ThemanisCaptainJack,

whoisrunning

.关系代词的作用1连接主从句（引导从句）

2代替先行词

（意义相同）

3在从句中充当成分(主宾表定)ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.自主探究阅读下列句子,并注意划线部分的用法。1.Eleven

kilometres

directly

below

the

city,

one

of

the

most

deadly

earthquakes

of

the

20th

century

had

begun,

a

quake

that/which

even

caused

damage

more

than

150

kilometres

away

in

Beijing.

2.The

number

of

people

who/that

were

killed

or

badly

injured

in

the

quake

was

more

than

400,000.3.Soon

after

the

quakes,

the

army

sent

150,000

soldiers

to

Tangshan

to

dig

out

those

who

were

trapped

and

to

bury

the

dead.4.Workers

built

shelters

for

survivors

whose

homes

had

been

destroyed.

5.The

man(whom/who/that)I

have

to

phone

lives

in

Canada.我的发现(1)

关系代词who指人,在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,如句____、句____和句____。235(2)

关系代词whom指人,在定语从句中作_______,在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换,如句____。宾语5(3)

关系代词which指_____,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,如句____。物1(4)

关系代词that既可以指_____也可以指_____,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语,如句____、句____和句____。人物125(5)

关系代词whose既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作_______,如句____。定语4关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhose关系代词的用法

要点1关系代词的基本用法1.who引导的定语从句who指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语,作宾语时可省略。The

children

who

were

injured

in

the

car

accident

are

being

treated

in

the

hospital

now.

在车祸中受伤的孩子们目前正在医院接受治疗。Danny

was

the

man

(who)

we

rescued

from

the

ruins.

丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。2.whom引导的定语从句whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。Rose

is

the

person

(who/whom)

you

should

care

about.

罗丝是你应该关心的人。The

boy

(who/whom)

the

teacher

often

praises

is

their

monitor.

老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。特别提示●关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who/that来代替。Theboy(who/whom/that)wesawyesterdaywasJohn’sbrother.昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。●在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时,关系代词用whom,不用who。Heisamanfromwhomweareallreadytolearn.他是我们大家都愿意向其学习的人。3.whose引导的定语从句whose既可以指人,也可以指物,表示“所属”关系,whose在定语从句中作定语。I

know

the

person

whose

house

was

destroyed

in

the

earthquake.

我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。我认识那个房子在地震中被摧毁了的人。He

lives

in

a

room

whose

window

faces

north.

他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。4.which引导的定语从句which指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语时可省略。The

young

man

was

very

happy

to

get

back

the

gold

ring

(which)

he

had

lost

on

the

train.

那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指,他非常高兴。The

little

girl

is

having

an

apple

which

is

big

and

red.

小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。5.that引导的定语从句that既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom替代,指物多用which替代。The

number

of

people

that/who

come

to

visit

this

city

each

year

reaches

one

million.

每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。The

suitcase

that/which

lies

on

the

ground

is

hers.

放在地上的那个手提箱是她的。要点2用that不用which的情况1.当先行词为all、everything、nothing、anything、little、much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。All

that

can

be

done

has

been

done.一切能做的(事)都已经做了。2.当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。This

is

the

most

delicious

food

that

I

have

ever

had.这是我吃过的最美味的食物。3.当先行词被the

only、the

very、the

last修饰时。Chatting

was

the

only

thing

that

interested

her.聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事。4.当先行词既指人,又指物时。She

took

photographs

of

the

things

and

people

that

she

was

interested

in.她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。5.当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时,为避免重复而用that。Who

is

the

person

that

is

standing

at

the

gate?

站在门口的那个人是谁?6.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。Shanghai

is

no

longer

the

city

that

it

used

to

be.上海已不是过去那个样子了。要点3用which不用that的情况1.在定语从句中作介词的宾语,且介词位于关系代词前时。This

is

the

room

in

which

he

lives.这是他住的房间。2.引导非限制性定语从句时。Tom

came

back,

which

made

us

very

happy.汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。要点4使用定语从句的注意事项1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。“one

of＋复数名词”作先行词,谓语动词用复数形式；“the

only

one

of＋复数名词”作先行词,谓语动词用单数形式。This

is

one

of

the

books

which

were

written

by

Charles

Dickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书之一。He

is

the

only

one

of

the

boys

in

our

class

who

has

learned

French.他是我们班里唯一学过法语的男孩。3.关系代词的省略。(1)关系代词作主语时不能省略。(2)作动词宾语的关系代词,可以省略；作介词宾语的关系代词,如果不直接位于介词后,可省略,如果直接作介词的宾语,不能省略。(3)关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。2.为避免关系词的重复,被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。This

is

the

factory

which

we

visited

last

Sunday.(visited后不可加it)这就是我们上星期天参观过的工厂。练

习Ⅰ.单句填空1.The

earthquake____________hit

the

city

in

1906

was

one

of

the

biggest

disasters

in

American

history.that/which2.We

don’t

know

the

number

of

people__________lost

their

homes

in

the

disaster.who/that3.Have

you

read

the

book____________was

written

by

Anne

Frank?which/that4.My

father

bought

a

new

bike

for

me________price

added

up

to

more

than

1,000

yuan.whose5.She

said

she

would

do

anything______could

help

her

mother

recover

from

the

disease.that6.Hany

is

the

boy________mother

is

our

maths

teacher.whose7.The

writer

and

his

work___________you

told

me

are

really

famous.that/不填8.All___________we

need

is

enough

rest

after

long

hours’

work.that/不填9.Anyone_______has

helped

to

save

the

drowning

girl

is

worth

praising.who10.The

boy

and

the

dog______are

in

the

picture

are

very

lovely.thatⅡ.用定语从句完成句子1.The

earthquake_____________________________________________shocked

the

people

all

over

the

world.

发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。that/which

happened

in

Tangshan

in

19762.She

is

one

of

the

girls______________________________.

她是通过考试的女孩之一。who

have

passed

the

exam3.Do

you

mean______________________________yesterday?

你指的是昨天买的那个吗？the

one

(that)

you

bought4.We

are

going

to

learn

some

Chinese

poems___________________________in

the

Tang

Dynasty.

我们将学习在唐朝时期创作出来的一些中国诗歌。that/which

were

written5.The

teacher

is

saying

something

to

the

student_____________________in

the

accident.

老师正在与那个在事故中失去妈妈的学生说着什么。whose

mother

died

ThoughIcan’tremembereverything____happenedduringthetimeinuniversity,Istillremembersomepeopleandthings

_____

wererelatedtoMissBrown,_____usedtobemonitorinourclass.Ifyouwanttoknowwhotheladyis_____Ireferredtoinmydiary,Icantellyouit’sher,MissBrown.Hereisastory______makesmerememberMissBrownuntilnow.Oneafternoon,sheandIarrivedinNewYork,______wewouldlookforwardto.Wewenttothebiggestbookshopin______

thereweredifferentkindsofbookstobesold.thatthatwhothatthatwhichwhichⅡI.用关系代词完成下面短文Shepersuadedmetoreadeverygrammarbook______couldoffermeknowledgeofgrammarandbuyadictionary_______Icouldlookupthenewwordsin.MissBrownalsoboughtthesamebooks_____Idid.Justwhenweleftthebookshopandwerereadytogobacktoouruniversity,abigmanstoppedusandrobbedmeofmynecklace.I’llneverforgetthattimewhen

MissBrowntriedherbesttohelpmeandlostoneofherfingers.thataswhichDosomeexercises1.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters

hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.

(2019年全国III卷)2.Ontheedgeofthejacket,therei