初中英语初一形容词副词

形容祠和副祠【学习目标】掌握形容词的用法，并对形容词和副词比较级最高级用法的回顾。【知识要点】（一）形容词的用法形容词：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语和宾语补足语。.用作定语，修饰名词或代词。（1）一般置于它所修饰的名词之前；例如：heisatallboy（2）形容词修饰由some,any,every,no等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。例如：Willyoupleasetellussomethinginteresting?你给我们说一些有趣的事好吗？There,snothingspecialinthebox,盒子里没有什么特别的东西。（3）enough修饰名词时，既可以放在名词之前，也可以放在名词之后。例如：Don,tworry,wehaveenoughtime/timeenoughtogetthere.另ij着急，我们有足够的时间赶到那.用作表语，位于系动词之后。常用的有：be,become,get,look,feel,smell,taste,sound,turn,seem,keep,grow例：Theparkisverybeautiful.这座公园很美。Thesoupsmellsdelicious.汤闻上去真鲜美。Thatsoundsgood.那听上去不错..It,s+adj.+（of/for）sbtodosth.译作“（某人）做某事是...的”。It是形式主语，不定式结构是真正主语。of/for后面的sb是不定式的逻辑主语。.当形容词是可修饰人的形容词，即sb和adj.有主系表关系时，sb前用of。如It,scleverofyoutoanswerthequestionsoquickly./It,skindofyoutohelpmealot.这样的形容词有：kind,nice,rude,clever,silly,foolish等。（2）当形容词是不可以修饰人的形容词，即sb和adj.没有主系表关系时，sb前用for。如It,seasyforhertocleanthewindowbyherself./It,simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.这样的形容词有：easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,dangerous等。（二）形容词、副词比较级和最高级构成：1.单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化：

规则原级比较级最高级1.在词尾后直接加-er/esttalltallertallest2.词尾是e,只加-r/stnicenicernicest3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变i再加-er/esthappyhappierhappiest4.重读闭音节.，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/estthinthinnerthinnest2.其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/mostbeautiful-morebeautiful-(the)mostbeautiful3.由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词，都是在该词前加-more/most.quickly-morequickly-(the)mostquicklydifficultly-moredifficultly-(the)mostdifficultly4.不规则变化:good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolder（指新旧）oldestelder（指年龄）eldestfarfarther（指距离）farthestfurther（指程度）furthest（三）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法:1.原级的用法：1)甲=乙：甲+be+as+原级+as+乙，用于两者之间对比，意思为“……和……相同”TomisashonestasJack.Tom和Jack一样诚实。Herskinisaswhiteassnow.Mydogisasoldasthatone.2)甲不如乙：甲+benot+as/so+原级+as+乙Heisnotas(=so)tallasI.他没我高。Theweatherhereisnotas(=so)coolastheweatherinHarbin.3)甲是乙的几倍：甲+be+数词+times+as+原级+as+乙Thisroomisfourtimesaslargeasthatone.这间房比那间房大四倍。22.比较级的用法：1)甲〉乙或甲〈乙：甲+be+比较级+than+乙SusanishappierthanJane.Hisbrotherisyoungerthanme.Beijingismorebeautifulthanhere.形容词比较级前还可以用much,even,still,alittle,far,alot,abit,muchmore来修饰。very,so,too,quite不能修饰比较级。2)数字+形容词、副词比较级+thanI'mtwoyearsolderthanyou.3)比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越……”Theearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.the+比较级，the+比较级结构，表示“越……就越……”ThemoreIstudyit,themoreIlikeit.which/who+is+比较级Whichcityisbigger,BeijingorTianjin?Whoishappier,youorme?3.最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较，最高级前加the,最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面踉带in或of表范围的短语。1)oneofthe+最高级ShanghaiisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.Ourcityisoneofthesafestcitiesintheworld.2）最高级意义的表达方法:例句最高级Sheisthebestinherclass.比较级Sheisbetterthananyotherstudentinherclass.Nootherstudentinherclassisbetterthanshe.原级Nootherstudentinherclassisasgoodasshe.特殊：1）形容词最高级前一般都用定冠词，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词时，则不用定冠词。e.g.：Todayismyhappiestday今天是我最高兴的一天。Givemybestregardstoyourfamily.请代我向你们全家问好。2）most有时与形容词连用，前面用不定冠词或不用冠词，意为“非常，很，极其”，用来加强语气。这时它不表示最高级的概念。

e.g.:Heisamostfriendlyfellow,他是个极其友好的人。【经典例题】：——Areyoufeeling? Yes,I,mfinenow.A.wellB.betterC.goodD.quitebetter答案：B.quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.Theexperimentwaseasierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch答案：C.much可修饰比较级，因此B,C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。【经典练习】.写出下列形容词的变化形式(2)large(2)large(比较级)(4)thin(最高级)(6)much(比较级)(8)far(最高级)(3)busy(最高级)(5)delicious(比较级)(7)good(最高级).句型转换(1)ShanghaiisthelargestcityinChina.(变同义句)ShanghaiisthancityinChina.ShanghaiisthancityinChina.(2)Thisdressismorebeautifulthanthatblouse.(变同义句)Thatblouseisnotasthisdress..选择.(1)Shealwaysbuysclothesthoughsheisrichenough.A.cheapB.goodC.expensiveD.beautifulNowtheairinourtownisthanitusedtobe.Somethingmustbedonetostopit.A.verygoodB.muchbetterC.ratherbadD.evenworse—Whichis,thesun,themoonortheearth?—Ofcourse,themoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallestA.weakerBA.weakerB.healthierD.worseC.luckier

ThepopulationofChinaisthanofanyothercountryintheworld.A.larger;theoneB.more;thatC.larger;thatD.more;theoneTheturckytastesthechicken.A,asbetterasB,muchbetterthanC,aswellasD,thebesttoI'mnottolifttheheavybox.A.shortenoughB.enoughtallC.healthenoughD.strongenoughThesmileonmyfather,sfaceshowedthathewaswithme.A.sadB.pleasedC.angry D.sorryJonelookssotodaybecauseshehasgotan“A"inhermathstest.A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrilyThisbookisn,tsoasthatone.It,shardtoread.A.newB.difficultC.easyD.easierAllthestudentsinourclassareoverfifteenexceptLiLei.Heisinourclass.A.youngerB.theoldestC.badD.worse一Whatdeliciouscakes!一Theywouldtastewithbutter.A.goodB.betterC.badD.worseInourcity,it,sinJuly,butitiseveninAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotC.hotter;hot D.hot;hotterIlikeChinesebecauseitsounds.A,wonderB,wonderingC,wonderfulD,wonderfullyThebookis.Mostoftheteachersareinit.A.A.interesting;interestedC.interested;interestingTheseorangestaste.A.good B.well4.按要求写句子(翻译句子)(1)英语和数学同样重要.Englishisimportant—D.interested;interestedtobegood D.tobewellmath.5(2)在这两个女孩中，露西的个子比较高.Lucyisofthetwogirls.(3)他买了一件漂亮的蓝色新衬衫.Heboughtashirt.(4)北京变得越来越美丽了.Beijingbecomesbeautiful.5.用所给词的恰当形式填空。.Whichis(big),thesun,themoonortheearth?.Whichis(beautiful),theblackcoartorth