版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
2022-2023学摸底考试英语试题一、阅读理解Sittingontheedgeoftheworld,Sydneyisconsideredasoneoftheworld’sgreatestcitiesforareason.WanttorelaxyourselfinSydney?ThisshortlistofthingstodoandseeinSydneyshouldpointyouintherightdirection.HitthebeachesEveryoneknowsaboutBondiBeachanditsIcebergspool,restaurantsandthecrashingwavesarethepostcardimageofSydney.Bondiisagreatplacetostart.Butafteryou’vecaughtsomesunortakenasurflessonwithLet’sGoSurfing,we’dsuggesttakingtheCoogeeCoastalWalk.BeginningattheBondiIcebergsswimclub,the3.7-milewalkaffordsamazingcliffsideviewsofrockpoolsandbays.CatchashowSydneyisfullofeventsandperformanceseverynightoftheweek.ThefirstplacethatjumpstomindistheiconicSydneyOperaHouse,designedbyJ?rnUtzon.AUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,thisincrediblepieceofarchitecturedoesn’tjustdoopera.You’llalsofindstand-upcomedy,ballets,andmore.Butit’snottheonlyplaceinSydneyputtingonashow.The1920sStateTheatre,inthecentralbusinessdistrict,isknowntohostinternationalballets,concertsandworld-classorchestras.GotothezooFromtheskylineviewstothecharminggrounds,there’sareasonwhySydney’sTarongaZooattractsmorethan1millionvisitorseveryyear.Theexpansivespaceplayshosttomorethan4,000animals,includingtigers,giraffes,kangaroos,platypus,koalas,Komododragons,elephants,lions,chimpsandmore.Loveitsomuchthatyouneverwanttoleave?Staythenightinoneofitsluxurysafari(狩猎)tents.ClimbthebridgeNicknamed“thecoathanger”,theSydneyHarbourBridgeopenedin1932.LiketheSydneyOperaHouse,itwasanengineeringmasterpiecethatwaswayaheadofitstime.Sure,youcanwalkorcycleacrossthebridge,butthebestwaytoappreciatethearchitecturalwonderisupcloseandpersonal.WhatcanyoudoatBondiBeach?Enjoyanoutdoorconcert.B.AppreciateincredibleC.Enjoycliffsideviews. D.CyclealongtheCoogeeCoast.What’srecommendedforanovernightstayinTarongaZoo?Inasafaritent. B.Inyourowncar.C.Atafive-starhotel. D.Onarestbench.WhatdoSydneyOperaHouseandHarbourBridgehaveinA.Theybothholdoperas.Theyareengineeringclassics.Theywerebuiltinthe19thcentury.TheyareontheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist.Imaginethatyoutakeawalkaroundyouryardornearbyparkandimmediately,thesoundsofaninsectbandsurroundyou.Producedbythemuscularmovementsofinsectscalledtreehopper(角蝉),thisimaginedsoundscapecomesfromvibrations(共鸣、振动)thatflowthesurfaceofplants.Butitisnotatalllikethefamiliarvocalizationsofcrickets(蟋蟀);instead,it’ssomethingricher,morevaried.Somesoundsaresong-like,othersaresimilartothenoisesofmachinesormusicalinstruments.Thenoisemadefromevensingleplantmaybe“asnoisyasabusystreet”.InAnImmenseWorld:HowAnimalSensesRevealtheHiddenRealmsAroundUs,Pulitzerprize-winningsciencejournalistEdYongexplainsthat,onarealwalkinsteadofthisonewe’veimagined,humanswouldnotbeabletohearthetreehoppers’musicwithoutspecialequipment.Inthecompanyofscientistswithalaservibrometer(振动计),adevicethatchangesthetreehoppervibrationsintosoundsaudibletohumanears,Yonggetstoheartheminthewildandinthelaboratory.Heisshockedbytheattractivesounds.Inthisbookthatfollowsonfrom2018’sIContainMultitudes,Yongwritesinaperfectbalanceofscientificseverityandpersonalaweasheinvitesreaderstograspsomethingofhowotheranimalsexperiencetheworld.Communicatingthroughsurfacevibrationsisarathercoolexamplethatextendsbeyondtreehopperstoelephantsandspiders,andtothisfactaboutfrogs.Attunedtovibrationsenteringtheeggs,froghatchesquicklyifasnakeshowsupwithahardbite,butignorerain,wind,footstepsandevenanearthquake.Myadmirationforthebookis,well,immense.Likemanythousandsofotherpeople,IhavereliedthroughoutthecourseofCOVID-19onYong’sreportingatTheAtlanticashecrackedopenthefast-changingworldofpandemicscience.Now,withAnImmenseWorld,Yongbringsintobeautifulfocusahostofotheranimalsensoryworldsthatco-existwithours,andhowwemayprotectthem.HowdoesthesoundscapecomeaboutaccordingtoparagraphA.Itcomesfromhumans’muscles.Itarisesfromthevocalizationsofcrickets.Itcomesfromanimaginableworld.Itarisesfromvibrationsflowingacrossthesurfaceofplants.WhycanYonghearthetreehopper’sA.Becauseofalaserdevice.Becauseofthesurfaceofplants.Becauseofthenatureoftheinsects.Becauseofthespecialimaginableenvironment.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnImmenseA.Itappealstoallkindsofpeoples.Itisaimedatprotectingtheanimals.Itisscheduledtobepublishednextyear.Itdescribesavirtualworldfullofanimals.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Ahistoricalnovel.C.Abookreview. D.Apersonalbiography.StanfordUniversityresearchershavedevelopedadevicecalledanature-inspiredaerialgrasper,orSNAG,whichcanbeattachedtoaquadcopterdrone(四轴无人机)togiveitfeetandlegslikethoseofaneagle.Whenequippedwiththedevice,thedroneisabletoflyaroundcatchingandcarryingobjectsandperching(栖息)onvarioussurfaces,accordingtoaStanfordnewsreleasedatedDec.1,2021,describingthework.Butcopyingtheflexibilityofbirdswasn’teasytodo.Theresearchersshotvideosofsmallparrotsflyingbackandforthbetweenspecialperchesthatcontainedsensorstomeasurethephysicalforcesoflanding,perchingandtakeoff.“Whatsurpriseduswasthattheydidthesameaerialmilitaryexercise,nomatterwhatsurfacestheywerelandingon,”oneoftheresearchers,WilliamRoderick,explainedinthenewsrelease.“Theyletthefeethandlethevariabilityandcomplexityofthesurfacetextureitself,”hesaid.Givingadronesimilarabilitiesrequiredtechnologicalfeat.SNAGhasa3D-printedstructurethatimitatesaneagle’slightweightbones,andeachofitslegsisequippedwithamotorformovingbackandforthandasecondoneforgrasping.Mechanismsintherobot’slegsaredesignedtoabsorbimpactenergyandpassivelychangeitintograspingforce,thewaythatabird’smuscleswould.Asaresult,adroneequippedwiththedevicecangraspsomethingstronglyinjust20milliseconds.Oncetherobot’sfeetarewrappedaroundaperch,itsankleslockandanaccelerometer—adevicethatmeasuresvibration-detectsthelandingandactivatesabalancingalgorithm(算法)tostabilizeitontheperch.Elsewhere,researchersatotherinstitutionsalsohavebeenworkingforyearsongivingdronestheabilitytolandandhangontosomething.Asthis2019Smithsonianarticleexplains,beingabletolandinvariousplaceshelpsdronestoconserveenergythatwouldexpendbyhavingtoremainintheair.That’simportant,becausetheflighttimeofroboticaircraftsislimitedbytheirbatterypower.WhatinspiredtheSNAG’sdevelopment?Thewayparrotsperch. B.Themilitaryexercise.C.The3D-printedtechnology. D.Theeagle’slightweightbones.Whatmakesthedrones’grabbingsomethingstronglysopossible?Thepowerfulbattery.Theirabilitytoimitateparrots’takingoff.Theapplicationofadvancedflyingtechniques.Themechanicaldevicesmodelingabird’smuscles.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Flighttimeisnotvitaltothedrones.After2019,researchersquiteffortstoimproveflighttime.Flighttimehasbeenaproblembeforethisstudy.Researchingtheabilitytolandandhangontosomethingmeaningless.WhatisthemostsuitabletitlefortheA.Drones,anapplicationtothemilitaryB.Roboticdrones,reallylikebirdsC.Roboticdrones,acomparisonofbirdsD.Quadcopterdrones,advancedtechnologyAnewstudysuggeststhatcropinsuranceservesasadisincentive(抑制因素)forfarmerstoadoptclimatechangereliefmeasuresontheircroplands.ThestudybyresearchersatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityexaminedtheinteractionsofwarmertemperatures,cropyield(产量)riskandcropinsuranceparticipationbyfarmers.Forthestudy,researchersdevelopedmodelsusinghistoricalcounty-levelcornandsoybeanyielddataintheUnitedStates,withaneyetowardunderstandingtheproductionimpactsofrisingtemperatures.Theresearchersfoundthatvariationincropyieldduetohighertemperaturesrosewhenmorefarmershadcropinsurance.Interestingly,theresultsshowedgreatervariabilityeffectsforcornyieldsthanforsoybeanyields.“Thiscouldbeanunintendedconsequenceofthegovernment’sprovidingsubsidiesforcropinsurance,whichcostsalargesumofmoney,”saidRodM.Rejesus,professorofagriculturalandresourceeconomicsatNCStateandtheauthoroftheresearchstudy.“Theconceptofmoralcrisiscouldbepresenthere.Ifinsurancewillcovercroplossesduetovariouseffectslikedroughtorsevereweather,afarmermaynotwanttopaytheextraexpenseforclimatechangeadaptationeffortssuchasusingcovercropstoimprovesoilhealth,forexample.”Thestudymodelsindicatethatanincreaseofdailyminimumandmaximumtemperaturesof1degreeCelsiuswouldincreasecounty-levelcornyieldvariabilityby8.6bushels(1bushelequalsto35.24L)peracreif80%offarmersinacountyhavecropinsurance.Thesametemperatureriseinacountywith10%cropinsuranceparticipationwouldincreasecornyieldvariabilitybyjust6.2bushelsperacre.Theresearchersbringuppossiblesolutionstothissituationforpolicymakers.Theyincludeprovidingmoresubsidiestoencouragefarmers’useofclimatechangereliefefforts—likesoilhealthpractices—andstartinghigh-levelpolicyconversationsabouthowtopossiblyadjustrulesandguidelinesthatgoverncropinsurancecontractsinordertoreducethedisincentiveeffects.Whatdoesthestudyfindaboutcropinsurance?Itensurescropproduction.
Itleadstounexpectedeffects.ItresultsinworseclimateD.Itdoesn’tbringanybenefitschange. farmers.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subsidies”inparagraph4A.Marketsupport. B.Verbalsupport.C.Technicalassistance. D.Financialaid.Whatmightexplaintheunintendedconsequenceofcropinsurance?A.Moralcrisis. B.Lawissue.C.Studymodels. D.Customchange.Howdidtheauthorshowtheeffectsofcropinsuranceonyieldvariability?A.Bydoingexperiments. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Bylistingfigures. D.Byconsultingexperts.二、七选五Asoftenaswemovearoundthesedaysforschool,workorlongdistancefriendshipsarearealityofadulthood. 16 ,there’snoreasontoletdistancekeepyoufromstayingconnected.BedefiniteandintentionalaboutkeepingyourlongdistancefriendIfyouwanttokeeppeopleinyourlife,youhavetotellthemandbereadytoputintheeffort.Whetheryou’vejustmovedawayfromyourfriendoryou’vebeenapartforyears,longdistancefriendshipsrequireareciprocal(相的)commitment. 17 .Thatmeansfindingtimetohangout.Thatmeansshowingyourfriendthatyouvaluethem.Andthereciprocalistrue—rememberthattheyvalueyou,too.UsecommonintereststofeelconnectedandgetrealDevelopan“anchor”foryourfriendship.Ananchorissomethingthatyouhaveincommonthatactsasatriggertoreachouttoeachother. 18 soyoueachsendphotosofthenewdishesyoumakewithalinktotherecipe.Oryoubothlove,let’ssay,HBOshowEuphoria,andyoutexttodiscussaftereachepisode(集)comesout.Itdoesn’treallymatterwhatitis,aslongasithelpsyoustartaconnection.Don’thesitatetoreachoutIfyoutwofeellikeyourcommunicationisboring,don’tbeafraidtobethefirstonetoreachout.Itshowsyourfriendthattheydon’tneedtofearrejection.Bycreatingthespacetomakefriendfeelvalued,wehelpthembecomemorecourageoustotakeofintimacy(亲密)withus. 19 .20Separationishard.Miscommunicationhappens.Andbecausethere’sjustalimitedamountoftimeyougetwithyourfriend,it’seasytoletconflictsgounaddressed.Trynottosweepthingsundertherug.Infact,addressingconflictisoneofthewaysyoucanbecomecloserwithyourfriend.ThatmeansreachingoutMaybeyoubothlovecookingBevitaltocommunicateopenlyIfyoudeterminetoabandonthefriendshipE.Conflictsarenaturalandhealthy—addressthemF.WhiletheymightrequiresomeplansandcreativitytokeepupG.Wehelpcreatethespaceforthemtowanttoinvestmorewithus三、完形填空Anactofkindnesshaswarmedpeople’sheartsafterastrangerleftanoteandboxesoffreefoodoutinapark.Thelastyearhasbeenanespecially 21 timeformany.Therearenumerouspeoplewhofindthemselvesin 22 ofahelp.Andonekind 23 hastakenituponthemselvesmakeadifferencetosomeoneinneed.Theydidsoby 24 foodsuppliesonaparkbenchforpeoplecollect,freeof 25 .Alocalresident 26 theboxesandbagsoffreefoodonabenchwhile 27 throughLeithLinkspark.then 28 itviaFacebookalertingothersthatmaybestrugglingforfoodduringthecold 29 period.Thephotoshowedthereweretwobigboxesandabagpackedfullof 30 suchasbread,rolls,fruitandvegetablesa 31 attachedthatread:“Freetouse,pleaseputthelidbackon.”The 32 whosharedthecollectionoffoodcommented,“Whata 33 thingtodo.”Thisisn’tthefirsttimeasimilar 34 ofgoodwillhasbeenspottedoverthelastfewyearsintheareatohomelessindividualsandthosestruggling 35 .inthecommentssaidthatthishasbeena 36 occurrenceovertheyears,withonesoultakingituponthemselvesto 37 helpduringthewintermonths.21.A.greatB.difficultC.successfulD.excellent22.21.A.greatB.difficultC.successfulD.excellent22.A.needB.honorC.memoryD.support23.A.farmerB.soulC.mindD.teacher24.A.spoilingB.makingC.leavingD.selling25.A.payB.controlC.holdD.charge26.A.cameacross B.tookin C.gaveout D.send27.A.driving B.looking C.walking 28.A.ignored B.declared C.promoted 29.A.summer B.winter C.autumn 30.A.belongings B.materials C.supplies 31.A.note B.letter C.diary 32.A.journalist B.local C.photographer 33.A.usual B.common C.kind 34.A.gesture B.organization C.number 35.A.constantly B.personally C.physically 36.A.recent B.clear C.regular 37.A.arrange B.pretend C.prevent 38.A.suffered B.differed C.heard 39.A.frighten B.benefit C.amuse 40.A.shoulders B.arms C.legs D.backs四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everypersoninthisworldhastheirownuniqueexperiencesandchallenges—andjustbecausetheyaren’tuniversal,itdoesn’tmeantheyaren’tthere.That’swheretheHumanLibraryprojectcomesin.Itgivesusachance41(explore)thestoriesthatmightneverknowaboutotherwise.Itgivesus42uniqueopportunitytolookattheworldtheeyesofothers.Itisdonewithout 43 (judge),anditleadsunderstanding.TheHumanLibrarystarted 44 theconceptoflivingbooks.Eachpersonbecameanopen“book”andsharedtheirownexperiencesinlife.Theywouldtalkabout 45 lifewaslikeintheirshoes.Theprojectbeganwithfiftydifferenthumanbookswhichwerehigh
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 蛋品加工厂质量改进措施
- 2023年河北省秦皇岛市青龙满族自治县公路局公务员考试《行政职业能力测验》历年真题及详解
- Module 2 Unit 6 Music Lesson 1(教学设计)-2023-2024学年沪教牛津版(深圳用)英语四年级下册
- 2024秋八年级英语上册 Unit 2 My Favourite School Subject Lesson 11 Lily Learns about China教学设计 (新版)冀教版
- 西厨房工作总结
- 小学二年级机械结构活动课教案 32漫步机
- 6 观察云 教学设计-2024-2025学年科学三年级上册教科版
- 小学语文五年级下册《习作例文:我的朋友容容小守门员和他的观众们》教案
- 学会应用地形图教学设计地理
- 安全自护素质教育教学设计
- GB/T 23445-2009聚合物水泥防水涂料
- 苏科版初中物理全目录
- 机电一体化毕业论文范文(精选十五篇)
- 经皮神经电刺激疗法课件
- 国防教育 主题班会课件(共15张ppt)
- 社会福利机构消防安全课件
- 声学基础课后完整答案
- 2022年北京朝阳国有资本运营管理有限公司招聘笔试题库及答案解析
- 职业倦怠量表
- 水平二原地侧向投掷垒球-课件
- 小学语文人教四年级上册(统编2023年更新)第四单元-《盗亦有道》教学设计
评论
0/150
提交评论