下载本文档
版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
2022-2023学摸底考试英语试题一、阅读理解Sittingontheedgeoftheworld,Sydneyisconsideredasoneoftheworld’sgreatestcitiesforareason.WanttorelaxyourselfinSydney?ThisshortlistofthingstodoandseeinSydneyshouldpointyouintherightdirection.HitthebeachesEveryoneknowsaboutBondiBeachanditsIcebergspool,restaurantsandthecrashingwavesarethepostcardimageofSydney.Bondiisagreatplacetostart.Butafteryou’vecaughtsomesunortakenasurflessonwithLet’sGoSurfing,we’dsuggesttakingtheCoogeeCoastalWalk.BeginningattheBondiIcebergsswimclub,the3.7-milewalkaffordsamazingcliffsideviewsofrockpoolsandbays.CatchashowSydneyisfullofeventsandperformanceseverynightoftheweek.ThefirstplacethatjumpstomindistheiconicSydneyOperaHouse,designedbyJ?rnUtzon.AUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,thisincrediblepieceofarchitecturedoesn’tjustdoopera.You’llalsofindstand-upcomedy,ballets,andmore.Butit’snottheonlyplaceinSydneyputtingonashow.The1920sStateTheatre,inthecentralbusinessdistrict,isknowntohostinternationalballets,concertsandworld-classorchestras.GotothezooFromtheskylineviewstothecharminggrounds,there’sareasonwhySydney’sTarongaZooattractsmorethan1millionvisitorseveryyear.Theexpansivespaceplayshosttomorethan4,000animals,includingtigers,giraffes,kangaroos,platypus,koalas,Komododragons,elephants,lions,chimpsandmore.Loveitsomuchthatyouneverwanttoleave?Staythenightinoneofitsluxurysafari(狩猎)tents.ClimbthebridgeNicknamed“thecoathanger”,theSydneyHarbourBridgeopenedin1932.LiketheSydneyOperaHouse,itwasanengineeringmasterpiecethatwaswayaheadofitstime.Sure,youcanwalkorcycleacrossthebridge,butthebestwaytoappreciatethearchitecturalwonderisupcloseandpersonal.WhatcanyoudoatBondiBeach?Enjoyanoutdoorconcert.B.AppreciateincredibleC.Enjoycliffsideviews. D.CyclealongtheCoogeeCoast.What’srecommendedforanovernightstayinTarongaZoo?Inasafaritent. B.Inyourowncar.C.Atafive-starhotel. D.Onarestbench.WhatdoSydneyOperaHouseandHarbourBridgehaveinA.Theybothholdoperas.Theyareengineeringclassics.Theywerebuiltinthe19thcentury.TheyareontheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist.Imaginethatyoutakeawalkaroundyouryardornearbyparkandimmediately,thesoundsofaninsectbandsurroundyou.Producedbythemuscularmovementsofinsectscalledtreehopper(角蝉),thisimaginedsoundscapecomesfromvibrations(共鸣、振动)thatflowthesurfaceofplants.Butitisnotatalllikethefamiliarvocalizationsofcrickets(蟋蟀);instead,it’ssomethingricher,morevaried.Somesoundsaresong-like,othersaresimilartothenoisesofmachinesormusicalinstruments.Thenoisemadefromevensingleplantmaybe“asnoisyasabusystreet”.InAnImmenseWorld:HowAnimalSensesRevealtheHiddenRealmsAroundUs,Pulitzerprize-winningsciencejournalistEdYongexplainsthat,onarealwalkinsteadofthisonewe’veimagined,humanswouldnotbeabletohearthetreehoppers’musicwithoutspecialequipment.Inthecompanyofscientistswithalaservibrometer(振动计),adevicethatchangesthetreehoppervibrationsintosoundsaudibletohumanears,Yonggetstoheartheminthewildandinthelaboratory.Heisshockedbytheattractivesounds.Inthisbookthatfollowsonfrom2018’sIContainMultitudes,Yongwritesinaperfectbalanceofscientificseverityandpersonalaweasheinvitesreaderstograspsomethingofhowotheranimalsexperiencetheworld.Communicatingthroughsurfacevibrationsisarathercoolexamplethatextendsbeyondtreehopperstoelephantsandspiders,andtothisfactaboutfrogs.Attunedtovibrationsenteringtheeggs,froghatchesquicklyifasnakeshowsupwithahardbite,butignorerain,wind,footstepsandevenanearthquake.Myadmirationforthebookis,well,immense.Likemanythousandsofotherpeople,IhavereliedthroughoutthecourseofCOVID-19onYong’sreportingatTheAtlanticashecrackedopenthefast-changingworldofpandemicscience.Now,withAnImmenseWorld,Yongbringsintobeautifulfocusahostofotheranimalsensoryworldsthatco-existwithours,andhowwemayprotectthem.HowdoesthesoundscapecomeaboutaccordingtoparagraphA.Itcomesfromhumans’muscles.Itarisesfromthevocalizationsofcrickets.Itcomesfromanimaginableworld.Itarisesfromvibrationsflowingacrossthesurfaceofplants.WhycanYonghearthetreehopper’sA.Becauseofalaserdevice.Becauseofthesurfaceofplants.Becauseofthenatureoftheinsects.Becauseofthespecialimaginableenvironment.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnImmenseA.Itappealstoallkindsofpeoples.Itisaimedatprotectingtheanimals.Itisscheduledtobepublishednextyear.Itdescribesavirtualworldfullofanimals.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Ahistoricalnovel.C.Abookreview. D.Apersonalbiography.StanfordUniversityresearchershavedevelopedadevicecalledanature-inspiredaerialgrasper,orSNAG,whichcanbeattachedtoaquadcopterdrone(四轴无人机)togiveitfeetandlegslikethoseofaneagle.Whenequippedwiththedevice,thedroneisabletoflyaroundcatchingandcarryingobjectsandperching(栖息)onvarioussurfaces,accordingtoaStanfordnewsreleasedatedDec.1,2021,describingthework.Butcopyingtheflexibilityofbirdswasn’teasytodo.Theresearchersshotvideosofsmallparrotsflyingbackandforthbetweenspecialperchesthatcontainedsensorstomeasurethephysicalforcesoflanding,perchingandtakeoff.“Whatsurpriseduswasthattheydidthesameaerialmilitaryexercise,nomatterwhatsurfacestheywerelandingon,”oneoftheresearchers,WilliamRoderick,explainedinthenewsrelease.“Theyletthefeethandlethevariabilityandcomplexityofthesurfacetextureitself,”hesaid.Givingadronesimilarabilitiesrequiredtechnologicalfeat.SNAGhasa3D-printedstructurethatimitatesaneagle’slightweightbones,andeachofitslegsisequippedwithamotorformovingbackandforthandasecondoneforgrasping.Mechanismsintherobot’slegsaredesignedtoabsorbimpactenergyandpassivelychangeitintograspingforce,thewaythatabird’smuscleswould.Asaresult,adroneequippedwiththedevicecangraspsomethingstronglyinjust20milliseconds.Oncetherobot’sfeetarewrappedaroundaperch,itsankleslockandanaccelerometer—adevicethatmeasuresvibration-detectsthelandingandactivatesabalancingalgorithm(算法)tostabilizeitontheperch.Elsewhere,researchersatotherinstitutionsalsohavebeenworkingforyearsongivingdronestheabilitytolandandhangontosomething.Asthis2019Smithsonianarticleexplains,beingabletolandinvariousplaceshelpsdronestoconserveenergythatwouldexpendbyhavingtoremainintheair.That’simportant,becausetheflighttimeofroboticaircraftsislimitedbytheirbatterypower.WhatinspiredtheSNAG’sdevelopment?Thewayparrotsperch. B.Themilitaryexercise.C.The3D-printedtechnology. D.Theeagle’slightweightbones.Whatmakesthedrones’grabbingsomethingstronglysopossible?Thepowerfulbattery.Theirabilitytoimitateparrots’takingoff.Theapplicationofadvancedflyingtechniques.Themechanicaldevicesmodelingabird’smuscles.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Flighttimeisnotvitaltothedrones.After2019,researchersquiteffortstoimproveflighttime.Flighttimehasbeenaproblembeforethisstudy.Researchingtheabilitytolandandhangontosomethingmeaningless.WhatisthemostsuitabletitlefortheA.Drones,anapplicationtothemilitaryB.Roboticdrones,reallylikebirdsC.Roboticdrones,acomparisonofbirdsD.Quadcopterdrones,advancedtechnologyAnewstudysuggeststhatcropinsuranceservesasadisincentive(抑制因素)forfarmerstoadoptclimatechangereliefmeasuresontheircroplands.ThestudybyresearchersatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityexaminedtheinteractionsofwarmertemperatures,cropyield(产量)riskandcropinsuranceparticipationbyfarmers.Forthestudy,researchersdevelopedmodelsusinghistoricalcounty-levelcornandsoybeanyielddataintheUnitedStates,withaneyetowardunderstandingtheproductionimpactsofrisingtemperatures.Theresearchersfoundthatvariationincropyieldduetohighertemperaturesrosewhenmorefarmershadcropinsurance.Interestingly,theresultsshowedgreatervariabilityeffectsforcornyieldsthanforsoybeanyields.“Thiscouldbeanunintendedconsequenceofthegovernment’sprovidingsubsidiesforcropinsurance,whichcostsalargesumofmoney,”saidRodM.Rejesus,professorofagriculturalandresourceeconomicsatNCStateandtheauthoroftheresearchstudy.“Theconceptofmoralcrisiscouldbepresenthere.Ifinsurancewillcovercroplossesduetovariouseffectslikedroughtorsevereweather,afarmermaynotwanttopaytheextraexpenseforclimatechangeadaptationeffortssuchasusingcovercropstoimprovesoilhealth,forexample.”Thestudymodelsindicatethatanincreaseofdailyminimumandmaximumtemperaturesof1degreeCelsiuswouldincreasecounty-levelcornyieldvariabilityby8.6bushels(1bushelequalsto35.24L)peracreif80%offarmersinacountyhavecropinsurance.Thesametemperatureriseinacountywith10%cropinsuranceparticipationwouldincreasecornyieldvariabilitybyjust6.2bushelsperacre.Theresearchersbringuppossiblesolutionstothissituationforpolicymakers.Theyincludeprovidingmoresubsidiestoencouragefarmers’useofclimatechangereliefefforts—likesoilhealthpractices—andstartinghigh-levelpolicyconversationsabouthowtopossiblyadjustrulesandguidelinesthatgoverncropinsurancecontractsinordertoreducethedisincentiveeffects.Whatdoesthestudyfindaboutcropinsurance?Itensurescropproduction.
Itleadstounexpectedeffects.ItresultsinworseclimateD.Itdoesn’tbringanybenefitschange. farmers.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subsidies”inparagraph4A.Marketsupport. B.Verbalsupport.C.Technicalassistance. D.Financialaid.Whatmightexplaintheunintendedconsequenceofcropinsurance?A.Moralcrisis. B.Lawissue.C.Studymodels. D.Customchange.Howdidtheauthorshowtheeffectsofcropinsuranceonyieldvariability?A.Bydoingexperiments. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Bylistingfigures. D.Byconsultingexperts.二、七选五Asoftenaswemovearoundthesedaysforschool,workorlongdistancefriendshipsarearealityofadulthood. 16 ,there’snoreasontoletdistancekeepyoufromstayingconnected.BedefiniteandintentionalaboutkeepingyourlongdistancefriendIfyouwanttokeeppeopleinyourlife,youhavetotellthemandbereadytoputintheeffort.Whetheryou’vejustmovedawayfromyourfriendoryou’vebeenapartforyears,longdistancefriendshipsrequireareciprocal(相的)commitment. 17 .Thatmeansfindingtimetohangout.Thatmeansshowingyourfriendthatyouvaluethem.Andthereciprocalistrue—rememberthattheyvalueyou,too.UsecommonintereststofeelconnectedandgetrealDevelopan“anchor”foryourfriendship.Ananchorissomethingthatyouhaveincommonthatactsasatriggertoreachouttoeachother. 18 soyoueachsendphotosofthenewdishesyoumakewithalinktotherecipe.Oryoubothlove,let’ssay,HBOshowEuphoria,andyoutexttodiscussaftereachepisode(集)comesout.Itdoesn’treallymatterwhatitis,aslongasithelpsyoustartaconnection.Don’thesitatetoreachoutIfyoutwofeellikeyourcommunicationisboring,don’tbeafraidtobethefirstonetoreachout.Itshowsyourfriendthattheydon’tneedtofearrejection.Bycreatingthespacetomakefriendfeelvalued,wehelpthembecomemorecourageoustotakeofintimacy(亲密)withus. 19 .20Separationishard.Miscommunicationhappens.Andbecausethere’sjustalimitedamountoftimeyougetwithyourfriend,it’seasytoletconflictsgounaddressed.Trynottosweepthingsundertherug.Infact,addressingconflictisoneofthewaysyoucanbecomecloserwithyourfriend.ThatmeansreachingoutMaybeyoubothlovecookingBevitaltocommunicateopenlyIfyoudeterminetoabandonthefriendshipE.Conflictsarenaturalandhealthy—addressthemF.WhiletheymightrequiresomeplansandcreativitytokeepupG.Wehelpcreatethespaceforthemtowanttoinvestmorewithus三、完形填空Anactofkindnesshaswarmedpeople’sheartsafterastrangerleftanoteandboxesoffreefoodoutinapark.Thelastyearhasbeenanespecially 21 timeformany.Therearenumerouspeoplewhofindthemselvesin 22 ofahelp.Andonekind 23 hastakenituponthemselvesmakeadifferencetosomeoneinneed.Theydidsoby 24 foodsuppliesonaparkbenchforpeoplecollect,freeof 25 .Alocalresident 26 theboxesandbagsoffreefoodonabenchwhile 27 throughLeithLinkspark.then 28 itviaFacebookalertingothersthatmaybestrugglingforfoodduringthecold 29 period.Thephotoshowedthereweretwobigboxesandabagpackedfullof 30 suchasbread,rolls,fruitandvegetablesa 31 attachedthatread:“Freetouse,pleaseputthelidbackon.”The 32 whosharedthecollectionoffoodcommented,“Whata 33 thingtodo.”Thisisn’tthefirsttimeasimilar 34 ofgoodwillhasbeenspottedoverthelastfewyearsintheareatohomelessindividualsandthosestruggling 35 .inthecommentssaidthatthishasbeena 36 occurrenceovertheyears,withonesoultakingituponthemselvesto 37 helpduringthewintermonths.21.A.greatB.difficultC.successfulD.excellent22.21.A.greatB.difficultC.successfulD.excellent22.A.needB.honorC.memoryD.support23.A.farmerB.soulC.mindD.teacher24.A.spoilingB.makingC.leavingD.selling25.A.payB.controlC.holdD.charge26.A.cameacross B.tookin C.gaveout D.send27.A.driving B.looking C.walking 28.A.ignored B.declared C.promoted 29.A.summer B.winter C.autumn 30.A.belongings B.materials C.supplies 31.A.note B.letter C.diary 32.A.journalist B.local C.photographer 33.A.usual B.common C.kind 34.A.gesture B.organization C.number 35.A.constantly B.personally C.physically 36.A.recent B.clear C.regular 37.A.arrange B.pretend C.prevent 38.A.suffered B.differed C.heard 39.A.frighten B.benefit C.amuse 40.A.shoulders B.arms C.legs D.backs四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everypersoninthisworldhastheirownuniqueexperiencesandchallenges—andjustbecausetheyaren’tuniversal,itdoesn’tmeantheyaren’tthere.That’swheretheHumanLibraryprojectcomesin.Itgivesusachance41(explore)thestoriesthatmightneverknowaboutotherwise.Itgivesus42uniqueopportunitytolookattheworldtheeyesofothers.Itisdonewithout 43 (judge),anditleadsunderstanding.TheHumanLibrarystarted 44 theconceptoflivingbooks.Eachpersonbecameanopen“book”andsharedtheirownexperiencesinlife.Theywouldtalkabout 45 lifewaslikeintheirshoes.Theprojectbeganwithfiftydifferenthumanbookswhichwerehigh
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 奶粉购货合同范例范例
- 仓储合同范例及批注
- 工程咨询简易合同范例
- 焊接采购合同范例
- 巴西合同范例有些
- 菜籽饼销售合同范例
- 建劳务用工合同范例
- 户型平面设计合同范例
- 2025届福建省厦门二中高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析
- 公司质押股权合同范例
- DB1331T 041-2023 雄安新区绿色街区规划设计标准
- 北京市海淀区2022届高三上学期期末考试政治试题 含答案
- 初中七年级主题班会:如何正确对待自己的错误(课件)
- 中华民族共同体概论学习通超星期末考试答案章节答案2024年
- 2024年航空职业技能鉴定考试-航空票务知识考试近5年真题集锦(频考类试题)带答案
- 2023年山东省潍坊市中考物理试卷及答案
- 天津市2023-2024学年七年级上学期期末数学试题(含答案)
- 第七单元测试卷-2024-2025学年语文三年级上册统编版
- 舌尖上的植物学学习通超星期末考试答案章节答案2024年
- 2024年湖南长沙市公安局监所管理支队招聘13人历年高频500题难、易错点模拟试题附带答案详解
- 2023-2024学年河南师大附中九年级(上)期末数学试卷(含答案)
评论
0/150
提交评论