江苏省常州市2017年中考英语真题及答案

2017年常州市初中毕业统一学业英语考试试卷分析试卷整体分析：1.选材贴近生活，体现人文性，具有时代感今年完形填空也前几年中考题材相似，都是情感类记叙文。今年的选材是关于师生的，与学生的学习生活比较贴近，更容易让学生产生共鸣，选项集中于形容词，副词，动词，副词，短语等词义辨析。四篇阅读理解文体各不相同，A篇是一个关于“蓝色都市”国际文学节的明细通知，这篇阅读是根据国外网站的一篇文章改编的，题目较简单，基本能在文中找到。B篇说明文，也是之前比较热的一个话题，一位年轻人发明了一个便携式的移动冰箱，并且不打算申请专利的事情。C篇是一个记叙文，话题与时下热点话题校园欺凌有关。D篇是议论文，内容是关于如何公正地评判别人。从选材和话题来看，阅读理解选取的文章主要是时下热点话题或者一些为人处世的态度。文章的来源主要是一些国外网站或者报刊杂志上的文章。今年的作文是话题作文，题材也比较常见，是合理利用互联网进行学习。这个题材比较好写，学生有很多的相关经验。2.整卷难度适宜，阅读理解D篇稍有难度2017年中考英语常州卷题型、分值与往年保持不变。全卷共八大题，60道小题，总分90分。从考察内容来看，语言基础知识部分，包括单项选择、词汇运用、动词填空、完成句子，共32分；阅读部分，包括完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读，共6个语篇，共43分；书面表达15分。整体难度中等偏容易。在2014年英语中考达到难度高峰之后，近三年的试卷难度整体持平。易、中、难题比例为5:3:2。其中，单选题偏基础，考查的点都是平时多次训练的考点。今年单选几乎没有涉及到句法考点，除最后一题情景对话之外，基本都是针对代词，动词，连词等词性用法的考查。其中，对于动词的考查占比很大。并且，今年的单选题给出的语境和语义都比较简单，没有陷阱题，大部分是比较熟悉的题型。完型填空题难度较易。阅读理解A篇、B篇、C篇难度适中，D篇稍有难度。任务型阅读整体难度适中，考查学生对文本信息精准查找的能力，对常见词性转换及近义词转换要求较高。词汇运用部分考查的词汇均源于教材，且都是常用词，没有涉及到一些七八年级的长单词的考查，且变形较简单。动词填空考点分布也与往年类似，四道谓语动词加一道非谓语动词，其中，一题涉及被动，其余三个时态也是常考的过去进行时，现在完成时和一般过去时。非谓语动词考查不定式的否定形式，且是固定搭配，较简单。二、各题型分析：1.单选题：题号专题考点能力1特殊疑问词How系列句型识记2代词辨析it和one的区别知识识记+句意理解3连词辨析状语从句连词句意理解4动词短语辨析含有up的动词短语词义识记+句意理解5情态动词辨析表猜测的语气词义识记+句意理解6副词短语辨析与all相关的词组词义识记+句意理解7非谓语动词固定句型句型识记+句意理解8Therebe句型和非谓语动词usedto和beusedtodoing句型识记+句意理解9现在完成时衍生考点延续性动词havebeento/havebeenin/havegoneto的区别知识识记+句意理解10情景对话如何回答请求句意理解+日常用语题目：---______________isitsinceyouleftyourprimaryschool?---Threeyears.A.Howold B.Howlong C.Howfar D.Howsoon【解析】考查特殊疑问词组辨析。句意：——你小学毕业多久了？——三年了。由题干中since引导的时间状语从句和答句“Threeyears.”提示主句是对一段时间提问，用howlong表示“多久”。howold询问“年龄”；howfar询问“距离多远”；howsoon询问“多久之后”。故选B。【答案】B---Howniceyourdictionaryis!Wheredidyouget__________?I’dliketobuy____________,too.---Intheshopinthecitycenter.A.it;one B.one;one C.one;it D.it;it【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——你的字典真好！你在哪里买的？我也想买一本。——在市中心的商店。代词it指代前文出现过的名词，特指同一物品；one指代同类名词中的“一，一个”。故选A。【答案】AMymotherwon’tallowmyfathertodrive__________hepromisestogiveupdrinking.A.unless B.since C.if D.after【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：除非我父亲承诺戒酒，否则我妈妈不允许我爸爸开车。前文的否定意义提示下文用unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”，相当于if...not。故选A。【答案】AAchildrenshouldbeencouragedtotellthetruthinsteadof__________storieswheneverheorshehasdonesomethingwrong.A.takingup B.puttingup C.makingup D.settingup【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：孩子应当被鼓励说真话，而不是当他或她犯错时编造谎话。takeup“占据；从事”；putup“搭起，举起”；setup“建立”。动词短语makeup表示“编造借口（理由）等，和story“故事；假话”构成动宾短语。故选C。【答案】C---WillDadbebackhomeat6o’clockthisevening?---Heshould,buthe__________not.Sometimesheexercisesafterwork.A.can B.must C.need D.may【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——爸爸今晚会在6点钟回家吗？——他应该会，但是也许不会。有时他下班后要锻炼。答句中but表示的转折句意以及“sometimesheexercises...”提示用may“或许”表示可能性。故选D。【答案】D---CouldyoutellmehowtobehavepolitelyinpublicintheUK?---Yes.__________,youshouldkeepyourvoicedownandalwaysqueue.A.Afterall B.Firstofall C.Inall D.Atall【解析】考查副词短语辨析。句意：——你能告诉我在英国如何在公共场合举止文明吗？——好。首先，你应当放低声音并且总是讲究秩序。afterall“毕竟”；inall“总共”；atall“根本”。用firstofall回答上文的“如何举止文明”表示次序、顺序上的“首先”。故选B。【答案】B---Whydoesn’tthesurgeonstop____________lunch?---Becauseheistoobusy__________adyingpatientintheoperationroom.A.tohave;tosave B.having;tosave C.tohave;saving D.having;saving【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——为什么这名外科医生不停下来去吃午饭？——因为他在手术室拼命忙着抢救一位垂死的病人。stoptodosth.表示“停下来去做某事”；bebusydoing表示“忙于做某事”。故选C。【答案】CI’llneverforgetthetowninwhichthere_________acleanriverandmanybigtalltrees.A.usedtobe B.usedtohave C.wasusedtobeing D.wasusedtohaving【解析】考查therebe句型和非谓语动词。句意：我永远不会忘记那个曾经有一条清澈的河流和许多高大树木的小镇。therebe句型表示“那里有……”，先排除BD；usedto表示“过去常常”，后跟动词原形。故选A。【答案】ATheshoppingmall_______fortwoyears,butI___________thereonlyonce.A.hasopened;havegone B.hasopened;havebeenC.hasbeenopen;havegone D.hasbeenopen;havebeen【解析】考查延续性动词的现在完成时以及have/hasbeen(to)和have/hasgone(to)的区别。时间状语“fortwoyears”是“一段时间”，谓语动词用beopen表示“状态”，先排除AB；onlyonce“仅有一次”提示主语I后用havebeen(to)表示“曾经去过”。故选D。【答案】D---CouldyoulookaftermyplantswhileI’mawayonbusiness,please?---_____________.I’llwaterthemontime.A.Comeon B.Withpleasure C.Takeiteasy D.You’rewelcome【解析】考查日常交际用语。句意：——我出差时，请你照看一下我的花草行吗？——很乐意帮忙，我将会按时给它们浇水。could引导的一般疑问句表示委婉的请求。A项“加油”；C项“别紧张”；D项“不用谢，不客气”。故选B。【答案】B2.完形填空：题号考点能力11形容词词义辨析上下文联系12动词词义辨析上下文联系13名词词义辨析上下文联系14名词词义辨析搭配15动词词义辨析上下文联系16动词短语辨析上下文联系17动词词义辨析上下文联系18动词词义辨析上下文联系19介词词义辨析上下文联系20副词词义辨析上下文联系21名词词义辨析上下文联系22名词词义辨析推理题目：Onthefirstdayofmy11thgrade,Iwasn’texcitedwhenIlookedatmytimetableandsaw“BiologyII-RobinHaworth,Rom301”.IhadneverlikedbiologyandIfoundit___11___.AfterIenteredtheroom,Itookaseatintheverybackand___12___formynewteacher.ThebellrangandMrs.Haworthenteredtheclassroom.Shebegantotellushowherclasswasgoingtobedifficultandthatifweweren’tuptothe___13___,shewouldgladlyletusleave. Theclassrequiredlotsof___14___.ThiswasespeciallyhardformebecauseIwasbalancinganewschoolwithanewpart-timejob.Mygradessoonbeganto___15___.JustasIbegantoappearinaseaofD,Mrs.Haworthaskedmewhatwasup.ItoldheraboutthedifficultyIwashaving.ShelistenedtomeandIknewshetruly___16___mylifeandmyproblems.Shetoldmethatshe___17___mebutthatIneededtolearnhowtomanagemytimebetter.Mrs.Haworthgreatly___18___myabilitybyhelpingmelearntosolvemyproblemsonmyown.IfIgotaCinatest,shewouldhandit___19___andaskedmetodealwiththeonesImissedandtellherwhy.She___20___increasedmygradesbuttaughtmehowtostudyharder.IgottoknowthatifIhaddonemybestforthefirsttimeIdidit,Iwouldn’thavesomany___21___.Andaftermanytrials,mygradesbecamebetter. Ihadneverhada(n)___22___whoopeneduptomeandtreatedmeasherequal.OverthepastyearsshewastaughtmethatifIwanttobeexcellent,Iamtheonewhocanmakethathappen.11.A.Amazing B.practical C.boring D.important12.A.prepared B.wished C.searched D.waited13.A.experience B.challenge C.education D.value14.A.competition B.attention C.conversation D.creation15.A.fall B.change C.improve D.miss16.A.cheeredfor B.caredabout C.lookedafter D.believedin17.A.understood B.recommended C.admired D.remembered18.A.supported B.influenced C.developed D.displayed19.A.back B.in C.out D.over20.A.even B.ever C.sometimes D.never21.A.business B.mysteries C.differences D.mistakes22.A.friend B.leader C.adult D.parent【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在进入11年级后遇到的生物老师霍沃思夫人，她关心作者面对的困境，引导作者有效地管理并利用自己的时间，激发了作者的潜力，使作者认识到命运掌握在自己手中。C由上文“Iwasn’texcited...”及“Ihadneverlikedbiology”可知，空格处应用形容词boring“无聊的”，故选C。D由下一句“ThebellrangandMrsHaworthenteredtheclassroom.”可知，是坐下来等老师，用动词wait，构成短语waitforsb.，意为“等候某人”，故选D。B承接上文“她的生物课很难”，用challenge表示“挑战”，beuptothechallenge表示“面对挑战”。句意：如果我们不准备面对挑战，她将很高兴让我们离开。故选B。B用名词attention“注意；关注”作动词require的宾语，requirelotsofattention表示“需要大量的精力”，与下文“这对我尤其困难，因为我要平衡新学校的学习和刚找到的兼职”相呼应。故选B。A由上文“这对我很困难”及下文“出现在D的名次”提示用动词fall“下降”，表示“我的成绩很快开始下降”。故选A。B下文的“mylifeandproblems”提示用动词短语careabout“关注；关心”，表示“我知道她真的很关心我的生活和(我所面临的)困难。”故选B。A承接上文，用understandsb.表示“理解某人”。句意：她告诉我她理解我，但我需要学会如何更有效地管理我的时间。故选A。C由下文“通过帮我学会独自解决问题”可知，用动词develop“发展；开发”和名词ability构成动宾短语，表示“发挥能力；培养能力”。故选C。D由下文“让我处理漏掉的东西并告诉她原因”提示用over和hand搭配，handitover意为“把它递给我”。故选D。D由下文的but提示用副词never，构成never...but...，意为“从不……，而是……”。句意：她从来不是提高我的成绩，而是教我如何更加努力地学习。故选D。D承接上文“如果我刚开始就尽力去学习”，此处为“我也就不会犯这么多错误”，用mistake表示“错误”。故选D。C作者是位学生，他的老师是成年人，用adult表示“成年人”。句意：我从来没有遇到过一位对我敞开心扉，平等对待我的成年人。故选C。阅读理解：题号文体题型23说明文细节理解题24细节理解题25细节理解题26说明文细节理解题27细节理解题28主旨大意题29记叙文词义猜测题30细节理解题31主旨大意题32议论文细节理解题33细节理解题34句意猜测题35标题归纳题题目：ATheBlueMetropolisLiteraryFestivaliscoming! Itwillhostnearly120family-friendlyactivitiesfromApril11toApril17.Morethan40writersandstorytellers,includinglocalwritersMoniquePolakandLydiaLukidis,willbejoiningineducationalactivities.Ithopestobringcitizensofdifficultculturestogethertoenjoyreadingandliterature.Herearesomeoftheeventsofthisyear’sfestival. ●Tuesday,April12,at10:00a.m. Activity: ThewriterMoniquePolak,whocomesfromMontreal,willdiscusshernewdetectivebookandholdaworkshopforkidsbetweentheagesof9and12onhowtheycanbeskilledatwritingtheirowndetectivetales. Location:BennyLibrary,6400MonklandAve. ●Tuesday,April12,at4:00p.m. Activity:LydiaLukidis,thelocalchildren’swriter,willbegivingatalkabouttheworldoffolktalesforkidsaged6to10.Lukidiswillpresentdifferentfolktales,andthenthekidswilltrytheirhandatcomingupwiththeirownstories. Location: WestmountLibrary,4574SherbrookeSt. ●Wednesday,April13,at10:00a.m. Activity: HelaineBeckerwillhelpkidsaged6andupmasterallthedetailedfactsofcomedywritingandcartoons. Location:EcoleSt.,Germaind’Outremont,46Vincentd’IndyAve. ●Wednesday,April13,at1:30p.m. Activity:HighschoolstudentswillbepresentingvideostheycreatedhonouringtheunsungheroesoftheSecondWorldWar. Location:TheMontrealHolocaustMemorialCentre,5151CoteSt.23. Thefestivalisheldmainlyto______________. A.encouragetheculturalexchangefromdifferentareas B.invitefamouswriterstointroducetheirnewbookstotheirfans C.helppeoplefromdifferentcountriestobuildgoodrelationships D.gatherpeoplefromdifferentculturestoenjoyreadingandliterature24. Whatcanyoulearnfromthelocalchildren’swriterLydiaLukidis? A.Thecontentofthenewdetectivebook. B.Tipsfortellingandwritingfolktales. C.Themethodofcomingupwithnewcomedies. D.TheunknownheroesoftheSecondWorldWar.25.Ifan8-year-oldboylikescomediesandcartoons,hecangoto_____________.A.BennyLibrary,6400MonklandAveonTuesday.B.WestmountLibrary,4574SherbrookeSt.onTuesdayC.EcoleSt.,Germaind’Outremont,46Vincentd’IndyAveonWednesdayD.TheMontrealHolocaustMemorialCentre,5151CoteSt.onWednesday【解析】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了蓝色都市文学节的相关信息。D细节题。文章第二段倒数第二句“Ithopestobringcitizensofdifficultculturestogethertoenjoyreadingandliterature.”和D项意思相符。故选D。B细节题。根据文章中“LydiaLukidis,...givingatalkabouttheworldoffolktalesforkidsaged6to10.”及“...thekidswilltrytheirhandatcomingupwiththeirownstories.”可知，可从LydiaLukidis那学到讲民间故事和编写民间故事的技巧。故选B。C细节题。以comedy和cartoon为线索，找到HelaineBecker的相关信息，可知举办地点是C项。故选C。B A22-year-oldBritishstudenthasinventedamobilefridgethatcouldsavemillionsoflivesacrosstheworld. WillBroadway’s“Isobar”hasbeendesignedtokeepvaccines(疫苗)attheidealtemperaturewhiletheyarebeingsentindevelopingcountries.Andwilldoesn’tplantomakemoneyfromhiscreation.Hispurposeistogetvaccinestopeoplewhoneedthem,whichiswhyhewon’tbetryingtogetapatent(专利).Will’sIsobarhaswonhimtheJamesDysonAwardthatchallengesyoungpeopleto“designsomethingthatsolvesaproblem”. Presentmethodsoftransportingvaccinescanleadtothevaccinesfreezing(冻住)beforereachingtheirplacesindevelopingcountries,buttheIsobarkeepsatemperatureof2to8degreesfor30days. Will’sinventionisexpectedtosavethelivesof1.5millionpeopleacrosstheworld,anumberhesaysis“amazing”.Havingnowfinishedcollegeeducation,heismakinganefforttotaketheIsobarintoproduction.“Iwouldbehands-on,allthewaythroughit,knowingthatitworks,”hesays,“It’samazingtojustgiveitago,eveninmybackyard,andseethepotential(潜能)ofthetechnology.” Theproducthasbeendesignedtotransportvaccines,butalreadyWillseesthepossibilityforothermedicalusesinthedevelopingworldandbeyond.“Blooddonations,organtransplants(器官移植)-iftheygettrappedintraffic,youstillusecold-bagsthatreallyaren’tgoodenoughforalongtime,”hesays. Thereisalsoapossible,non-medicalusefortheIsobar.“Itwouldbeagreatthingtotakeonafive-daytripwhereyouhavenopower,”hesays.Butheinsistsvaccinetransportationistheprimaryfunction(功能)ofhisinvention..26.What’stheadvantageoftheIsobarforsendingvaccinesindevelopingcountries? A.Itcansavemoreenergy. B.Itcansendmorevaccinesatatime. C.Itcankeepvaccinesinanidealcondition. D.Itcantransportvaccinesatafasterspeed.27.TheJamesDysonAwardispresentto_____________. A.oldscientistswhohavedevelopedmoderntechnology.B.youngmenwhohavesolvedproblemswiththeirdesignsC.doctorswhohavesavedpeople’slivesindevelopingcountriesD.collegestudentswhohavegotpatentsfortheircreativeinventions28.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout? A.Theproductionofanewfridgeanditsfuture. B.Theinventionofanewfridgeanditsinventor. C.Thetransportationofvaccinesanditsproblem. D.Theintroductionofanawardanditsnewwinner.【解析】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了22岁的英国学生发明的移动冰箱的相关情况。C细节题。根据文章第二段第一句可知这个发明能在一个理想的条件下保存疫苗。故选C。B细节题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知该奖项是用于激励年轻人用自己的发明来解决问题故选B。B主旨大意题。短文主要叙述了“Isobar”这项发明和发明者。故选B。C Iwasbulliedquitebadlyinhighschool.Akidwouldtrytomakemefeelterribleineverywayheknew.Forexample,hewouldhitmeinthehead,callmeuglyandstupid,makefunofmeand–ofcourse-threatentohitmeharderifIeverfoughtback.Itwaslikehisdailytask. Anditwasmydailytasktojustgetthroughtheday.WhatcanIsay?Itmademyworldverysmallbecausethatwasmymainfocus-justsurviving.Everythingelsefellbythewayside.Unluckily,thatincludedanyformofsociallife.Sonotonlywasmyworldtiny,itwaslonely. Lookingbacktothattime-whichwasabout11yearsago-mybiggestmistakewasnotbringinganyoneintothatworldofmine.Iwastooproud,andembarrassed(尴尬的),togethelp.IwouldrathernotfacethefactthatIneededhelpbecauseinmymind,thatwouldmeanthatthebullywon.Itwouldalsomeanthatthebullywon.ItwouldalsomeanthatIwasweak. Letmejustsaythis-bullyingsomeoneisaweakchoice.Theonlyreasontheycomeafteryouisbecausetheythinkyouwon’tdoanythingaboutit.Doesthatmakeanyonestrong?No.Bestronger-reachouttoaparent,ateacherorafriend.Admit(承认)youneedhelp. Youcanputitlikethis:Somebodywhoistryingtomakehimselforherselfseemimportanthasbulliedme.Why?SimplybecauseIamniceandIhaven’tdoneanythingaboutityet.Well,Ihatethis.Ihavebasichumanrights.ItisjustnotOK.HowdoImanagethistherightway?Idon’twantthepaincycletocontinueandIdon’twanttobecomesomeoneIdon’twanttobe. Iwillclosebysayingthis-IamOK!Iamnotjustsurviving.Iamenjoyingmylife.Igraduatedfromcollegewithgoodgrades,bytheway(beingstupidwasalie…itisallalie).Youdon’thavetowaittolive.Dosomethingtoday.29.Theunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto(指)__________.A.gettingalongwiththewriterB.havingadifficulttimeatschoolC.makingfriendswithotherstudentsD.hurtingthewriterwithforceandthreat30.Thewritersuggests_________tofightbullies. A.gettingusedtothepainassoonaspossible B.lookingforhelpfromparents,teachersandfriends C.increasingtheunderstandingofbasichumanrights D.keepingitasecretinsideandreducingyoursociallife31.Thewriterwritesthepassagemainlyto___________. A.sharehisthoughtsondealingwithbullies B.saythatheregretsbeinghurtbadlyatschool C.describehowhechangedhisweakpersonalityD.showhowthankfulhewastothosewhohelpedhim【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己在上中学时遭受校园欺凌的痛苦经历。对校园欺凌现象提出了自己的观点和看法，并就如何应对校园欺凌提出了建议。D词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第三句“...hewouldhitmeinthehead,callmeuglyandstupid,makefunofme...”可知it指代“用暴力和威胁伤害作者”。故选D。B细节题。根据文章第四段最后两句“Bestronger-reachouttoaparent,ateacherorafriend.Admityouneedhelp.”可知，要向父母、老师和朋友寻求帮助来对抗欺凌。故选B。A主旨大意题。通读全文，作者写这篇文章的目的是通过对自己曾遭受校园欺凌的经历来说明自己对这一现象的看法并提出建议。故选A。DImagineyouarewalkingthroughthewoodsandyouseeasmalldog.Itlookscuteandfriendly.Youmoveuptopetthedog.Suddenlyitbarksandtriestobiteyou.Thedognolongerseemscuteandyoufeelafraidandpossiblyangry.Then,asthewindblows,theleavesonthegroundarecarriedawayandyouseethedoghasoneofitslegscaughtinatrap.Now,youtakepityonthedog.Youknowitbecomesunfriendlybecauseitisinpain.Wealljudge(评判)othersallthetime.Itmightbeoversmallthings,likeaworkmatewhotakestoolongofalunchbreak.Oritmightbeoverbiggermatters,suchasapersonwhobehavesselfishlyorhurtsourfeelings.Therearemanyreasonswhywejudgeothers.Itishumannaturetofindawaytosurvive.Whenweseeadog(oraperson)thatmightbiteus,ofcoursewefeelthreatened(威胁).Webecomenervous,wanttofightbackandareunabletoseethepossiblereasonsforanother’sbehavior.Althoughjudgmentisanaturalreaction(反应),trytocatchyourselfbeforeyouspeak,foryoucan’tgetyourwordsback.Makeashortstop.Trytochangeyourthoughtintoapositive(正面的)one.Afterall,likethatdoginthetrap,wereallydon’tknowthereasonsforsomeone’sbehavior.Whensomeonedisagreeswithusorsomehowmakesourlifedifficult,rememberthatit’susuallynotaboutus.Itmaybeabouttheirpainorstruggle(挣扎).Whynotgiveotherstherighttoexpresstheirdoubt?“Neverunderestimatethepainofaperson,”WillSmithsaid,“becauseinallhonesty,everyoneisstruggling.Somepeoplearebetterathidingitthanothers”32.Thewriterstalksaboutthedoginthefirstparagraphmainlyto__________. A.giveanexample B.makeacomparison C.shareagoodstory D.setthebackground33.Accordingtothewriter,weusuallyjudgeothers__________. A.overbigmattersinsteadofsmallones B.afterthinkingcarefullyabouttheirsituation C.abouttherealreasonsbehindtheirbehaviorD.forourownsurvivalwhenfeelingthreatened34.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence”Neverunderestimatethepainofaperson”mean? A.Neverbelieveothershavepain. B.Neverpayattentiontoothers’pain. C.Neverthinkothers’painisbiggerthanitreallyis. D.Neverthinkothers’painissmallerthanitreallyis.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage? A.TheBestWaytoJudge B.TooLatetoJudge C.ThinkTwiceBeforeYouJudge D.You’veGotaReasontoJudge【解析】本文是一篇议论文。通过事例和生活中的场景来说明如何公正地评判别人。D细节题。根据文章开篇Imagine...“设想...”可知是下文“评判别人”设置背景，故选D。D细节题。根据文章第二段倒数第二、三两句可知，我们通常评判别人是在我们感到自身生存受到威胁时。故选D。D句意猜测题。根据上文“为什么不给别人表达疑惑的权利呢？”及下文“老实说，每个人都在挣扎。”可以推断画线部分句子意为“永远不要低估一个人的痛苦”。故选D。C标题归纳题。通过全文，本人主要说明在评判一个人或某人行为时，要多角度来考虑问题。即“评判别人时要三思。”故选C。任务型阅读题号题型分类36归纳概括37近义词转换38固定句型39词性转换40词性转换题目：Britishpeoplepridethemselvesontheirpolitemannerstowardsoneanotherinpublic.Theyoftenusetheword‘sorry’—evenwhentheydon’treallymeanit!Usually,iftheywanttoaskastrangerforthetime,theywouldstartbysaying‘Sorrytobotheryou.Doyouknowwhattimeitis?’Ifthey’refiveminuteslateforanappointment(约会),theywouldgenerallygreetthepersonbysaying‘SorryI’mlate!’Theyusetheword‘sorry’insomanydifferentsituationsthatthemeaningofthewordhaschangedalittleovertime.Thetwomaindictionarydefinitions(释义)of‘sorry’are:1)feelingsadforsomeoneelsebecauseoftheirproblemsorbadluck;2)feelingregretbecauseyou’vedonesomethingwrong.Now,thinkaboutthis.Normally,whentheywanttoaskastrangeraquestion,theystartwith‘Sorrytobotheryou’.Inthissituation,theyaren’tsayingsorrybecausetheyfeelsadforthatpersonorbecausetheyfeelregret.Sowhatdoes‘sorry’reallymean?AndwhydoBritishpeopleuseitsomuch?Well,intheBritishculture,saying‘sorry’isawaytobepolite,especiallytopeoplewhotheydon’tknowverywell.It’salsoaverycleverwaytogetwhattheywant.Inarecentexperiment,anactorwentuptoadifferentstrangersonarainydaytoaskifhecouldusetheirmobilephonesinordertomakeacall.Whenhewentuptoonegroupofstrangersandaskedthemwithoutsaying‘sorry’first,hewasonly9percentsuccessfulinborrowingtheirphones.However,whenhesaid‘sorry’toanothergroupofstrangersaboutthebadweatherbeforeaskingifhecouldusetheirmobilephones,hewas47percentsuccessful.Somaybesaying‘sorry’isnotjustbeingpolite,butitisalsoagoodmethodtogetwhattheywanttoo!Title:WhydoBritishpeoplesaysorry?MainpointsDetailedinformationThe___36___inwhichtheysay‘sorry’askingforthetimeBeinglateforanappointmentThechangeofthemeaningof‘sorry’Thetwomaindictionarydefinitionsof‘sorry’;feelingsadforothers’problemsorbadluckfeelingregretbecauseofone’sown___37____WhenBritishpeopleaskastrangeraquestionbystartingwith‘sorry’,theyaresayingsorry____38____becausetheyfeelsadforthatpersonnorbecausetheyfeelregret.The____39____meaningof‘sorry’awaytobepoliteagoodwaytogetwhattheywantTheresultofanexperimentshowsit’seasierforoneto____40____inborrowingamobilephonebysaying‘sorry’.__________37.__________38.__________39.__________40.__________【解析】本文是一篇说明文。短文结合事例说明了“sorry”一词的含义以及“sorry”在英国人日常生活中的应用情况。occasions/situations/chances根据右栏提示左栏空格处是说“sorry”的场合、情况或机会。fault/mistakes根据文章第二段中“2)feelingregretbecauseyou’vedonesomethingwrong.”可知是由于自己的过错或错误而感到抱歉。neither根据文章第二段最后两句可知，问陌生人问题时说“sorry”既不是因为感到伤心也不是因为感到抱歉，只是一种礼貌的表达方式。real根据文章最后一段首句“Sowhatdoes‘sorry’reallymean?”可知用形容词real修饰meaning，表示“sorry”真实的含义。succeed根据文章最后一段中的形容词“successful”和空格后的“inborrowing...”可知用动词succeed构成固定短语succeedindoingsth.表示“成功做某事”。词汇：题号专题考查方式41名词词性转换，变换复数42形容词比较级43形容词词性转换44副词词性转换，反义词45形容词词性判断46名词词性判断47介词单词识记48动词固定搭配题目：根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空填一词。QiBaishiwasoneofhemostfamous___________(art)inChina.【解析】根据主语“齐白石”提示空格处用artist表示“画家”。oneofthemostfamous后接名词复数，表示“最著名的……之一”。【答案】artistsTheORBISdoctoradvisedthegirltohavetheoperationtopreventhereyeproblemgettingmush___________(bad).【解析】副词much修饰形容词bad的比较级形式worse“更糟糕的”。【答案】worseTocompletethework,hedranksomecoffeetokeephimself____________(wake).【解析】动词keep后跟形容词做宾补，用形容词awake表示“醒着的，清醒”，符合句意“为了完成工作，他喝了一些咖啡来让自己保持清醒”。【答案】awakeToprotecttheearth,wemustn’tthrowawaythewaste_____________(care).【解析】用副词carelessly表示“草率地，随意地”修饰throwaway，符合句意“为了保护地球，我们一定不能随意乱扔垃圾”。【答案】carelesslyB)根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空填一词。Wemustbe__________(勇敢的)enoughtofacedifficultiesinourlife.【解析】根据be+adj.可知这里填“勇敢的”的形容词形式，为brave。【答案】braveSomewildanimalsarein______________(危险)astheearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.【解析】根据in+名词可知这里填“危险”的名词形式，为danger。【答案】dangerMarygoestoworkeveryday_____________(除……之外)Sundays.【解析】考查除……之外介词，为except。【答案】artistsThegeneralmanageralwaysthinkstwicebefore______________(回复)tothecustomers.【解析】before是介词，后加动名词，填replying。【答案】replying动词填空题号考点考查方式49过去进行时句型+句意理解50一般过去时时态标志词+无被动考点51现在完成时时态标志词52非谓语动词固定搭配53被动语态+一般过去时时态标志词+句意理解题目：IhadmyfingercutwhenI_____________(divide)thewatermelonintopieces.【解析】由“had”提示空格处用when引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时描述割伤手指的场景。【答案】wasdividingLastyear,thelight-colouredcar_____________(sell)betterthanthedark-colouredones.【解析】动词sell用主动形式表达被动意义，时间状语“lastyear”提示用一般过去时态。【答案】sold---MayIhavethekeytoRoom425,please?Iwanttohavearestinit.---Ofcourse,we_____________(tidy)itupalready.Hereyouare.【解析】由上一句“要钥匙”及下一句“already”提示用现在完成时态。【答案】havetidiedChildrenarewarned_____________(notplay)ontheroads.---Ofcourse,we_____________(tidy)itupalready.Hereyouare.【解析】句型warnsb.nottodosth.意为“警告某人不要做某事”。本句中使用被动语态，动词不定式的否定形式作主语补足语【答案】nottoplayAllthechildren_____________(bring)backtotheirparentsyesterdayafterthepolicefoundthem.【解析】主谓语存在被动关系，时间状语“yesterday”提示用一般过去时，故谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态形式。【答案】werebrought完成句子题号考查句型其他考点54bemadeof时态55beinterestedin比较句型56leavesth.+状态祈使句57beworthdoing主将从现；介词58besatisfiedwith原因状语从句题目：54.历史上的第一个风筝是由木头做成的吗？______________________________________________________________________________.【解析】考查句型bemadeof，注意时态是过去时，历史上短语为inhistory，注意不加冠词。【答案】Wasthefirstkitemadeofwoodinhistory?55.他对研究古钱币比对收集邮票更感兴趣。Heis_________________________________________________________________________.【解析】考查句型beinterestedin和比较级句型比较级than...。注意interested是多音节形容词，所以比较级要在单词前加more。【答案】moreinterestedinstudyingancientcoinsthanincollectingstamps.56.离开时不要任由水龙头一直开着。______________________________________________________________________________.【解析】考查句型leavesth.+状态，表示任由某人/某物怎样。另外注意不要遗漏状语离开时，是whenyouleave或者whenleaving。【答案】Don'tkeepthetaprunningwhenyouleave.57.我想知道这个演讲是否值得一听。【解析】考查句型beworthdoing。另外注意这里要完成的是个宾语从句，从句为一般疑问句，用if或者whether引导。【答案】ifthespeechisworthlisteningto.58.这些疾病与噪音污染无关。Thesediseases__________________________________________________________________.【解析】考查句型havenothingtodowith与……无关。【答案】havenothingtodowithnoise.59.老师们对他很满意，因为他取得了很大的进步。Theteachersare________________________________________________________________.【解析】考查句型besatisfiedwith...对……感到满意。另外注意下后面跟了个原因状语从句，取得很大的进步是makegreatprogress，注意progress不可数。【答案】satisfiedwithhimbecausehewasmadgreatprogress/satisfiedwithhimbecauseofhisgreatprogress.书面表达时态：一般现在时结构：利弊分析句型：It’sadj.todo....;bemadat....随着互联网的发展，许多中学生开始利用互联网进行学习。对此，某英文报组织了“合理利用互联网进行学习”的征稿活动，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语文章进行投稿。互联网用于学习的优势学习资源丰富查找资料方便3.....可能导致的问题迷上网络游戏...建议....注意： 1.表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确必须包括表格中所有的要点，并适当发挥词数不少于90字（文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数）不得使用真实姓名和校名参考词汇：resourcen.[C]资源Deareditor,I’dliketosaysomethingaboutthistopic.____________________________________