【课件】Unit 4 Natural Disaster 单元课件 -高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisastersVocabularyExpansion1.naturaldisasters自然灾害P48-2earthquake地震tornado龙卷风wildfire野火/山火drought旱灾landslide/landfall滑坡tsunami海啸flood洪水volcaniceruption火山喷发dryadj.干的；干旱的—droughtn.旱灾slide-slid-slid-slidingslidev.滑动；滑行n.滑梯2.floodn.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没floodinto/in涌入3.rescuen.&vt.营救；救援arescueteam/worker救援队/救援人员rescue…from…把……从……营救出来cometoone’srescue=rescuesb.救援某人4.damagevt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失（作为损坏不可数，作为损害赔偿金可数）damagedadj.被破坏的do/causedamageto…对……造成损害damageone’shealth损害某人健康5.destroyvt.摧毁；毁灭destructionn.破坏；毁灭destroy指彻底破坏，无法修复damage指部分毁坏，可以修复destroy-destroyed-destroyed-destroyingdestructiveadj.毁灭性的6.deathn.死；死亡die-died-died-dyingv.死；死亡deathrate死亡率besentencedtodeath被判死刑birthrate出生率deadadj.死的7.affectvt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动affectionn.喜爱；感情；影响；感染be(greatly/deeply)affectedby被……深深打动；深受影响affect=haveaneffect/influenceon对……产生影响haveanaffectionfor…喜爱……8.sheltern.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避（风雨或危险）undertheshelterofsth.在某物的庇护下takeshelterfrom…躲避……9.ruinn.&vt.破坏；毁坏(lie/be)inruins严重受损；破败不堪（作“废墟”用复数）ruinone’shope/health毁掉某人的希望/健康gotoruin/fallintoruin衰落；败落10.shockn.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使）震惊inshock震惊；吃惊shockingadj.使人震惊的shockedadj.震惊的beshockedat/bysth.对某事感到震惊beshockedthat……对……感到震惊beshockedtosee/hear/learn…看到/听到/知道……很震惊11.electricityn.电；电能electricadj.电的;电动的electricaladj.电气的electronicadj.电子的12.trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱be/gettrappedin被困在……/陷于……trap—trapped—odoingsth.诱骗某人做某事。13.buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏buryoneselfin（doing）sth.=beburiedin（doing）sth.埋头/专心做某事buryone’sface/headin…把脸/头埋在……_________(bury)herselfinherstudy,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside._________(bury)inherstudy,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.BuryingBuriedburialn.葬礼14.breathevi.&vt.呼吸breathn.呼吸breathein/out吸气/呼气holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸loseone’sbreath喘不上气=beoutofbreathtakeadeepbreath深呼吸breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的breathtakingadj.令人惊叹的=takeone’sbreathaway15.revivev.复活；（使）苏醒revivaln.振兴；复苏16.effortn.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力makeefforts/aneffort/everyefforttodosth.努力做某事。sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力做某事。with/withouteffort费力地/毫不费力地17.wisdomn.智慧；才智wiseadj.明智的18.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦sufferingn.痛苦；苦难sufferfrom遭受；患病sufferern.受难者；患病者sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage/losses遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏/损失sufferfromillness患病19.eruptvi.&vt.（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出eruptionn.爆发；突发volcaniceruption火山喷发20.supply—supplied—suppliedn.供应（量）；补给；（复数）补给品vt.供应；供给

food/water/gas/electricitysupply食物/水/煤气/电供给inshortsupply供应不足suppliern.供应商providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.supplysth.tosb.=supplysb.withsth.offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.给某人提供某物21.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过survivorn.幸存者survivaln.幸存surviveon=liveon靠……生存survivethewar/disaster在战争/灾难中幸存22.powern.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力powerfuladj.强有力的powerlessadj.无权力cometopower上台执政（表动作）beinpower执政（表状态）within/beyondone’spowertodosth.某人有能力/无能力做某事。Asisknowntoall,knowledgeispower.众所周知，知识就是力量。havethepowertodosth.具有做某事的能力23.emergencyn.突发时间；紧急情况emergentadj.新兴的；紧急的inanemergency在紧急情况下incaseofemergency如遇紧急情况24.calmadj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静calmlyadv.平静地；镇静地；冷静地stay/keep/remaincalm保持镇静calm(sb.)down（使某人）平静下来calmnessn.平静；镇定25.aidn.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.帮助；援助firstaidkit急救箱firstaid急救withtheaid/helpof在……的帮助下aid/assistsb.in（doing)sth.帮助某人做某事aid/helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人aidsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事26.onhand现有（尤指帮助）;在手边handin上交handout分发handinhand手拉手ontheonehand…ontheotherhand一方面……另一方面……27.crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞crashinto/ontosth.撞到某物上acar/planecrash车祸/飞机失事28.sweepv.打扫；清扫sweep—swept—swept—sweepingsweepaway消灭；彻底消除sweepern.清洁工；清扫机29.waven.海浪；波浪vi.&vt.挥手；招手waveat/tosb.向某人招手30.strike1.打击v.Strikewhiletheironishot.2.敲钟v.Theclockstruckten.3.擦火柴v.strikeamatch4.罢工n.be/goonstrike（for)5.袭击v.&n.Thelionisreadytostrike.6.忽然想起v.Itstrikessb.that…=Ithitssb.that…=Itoccurstosb.that…某人忽然想起……strikesb.with…用……打某人bestruckby被……所打动/被……侵袭strike—struck—struck/striken31.delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表deliveryn.递送；分娩deliveraspeech/lecture做演讲deliverababy接生deliversth.to把某物送到……被动:bedeliveredto被送到……32.summaryn.总结；概括；概要summarizevt.概括；总结insummary/inaword/allinall总而言之makeasummaryof做总结=summarizesummarizeone’spoint总结某人的观点33.effectn.影响；结果；效果effectiveadj.有效的；高效的反：ineffective低效的effectivelyadv.有效地bring/oeffect实行comeintoeffect=takeeffect生效；开始实施haveaneffect/influenceon对……有影响causeandeffect因果sideeffect副作用34.lengthn.长；长度lengthenv.（使）变长longadj.长的adj.n.v.长：long—length—lengthen高：high—height—heighten宽：wide—width—widen深：deep—depth—deepen强：strong-strength-strengthen背诵五分钟五分钟后提问连线。sweepawaycausedamagetoinruinsbedeeplyaffectedbyfirstaidcalmdownrescue…from…haveaneffectondeliveraspeechsupplysth.tosb.A.给某人提供某物B.把……从……中营救出来C.严重受损；破败不堪D.对……有影响E.消灭；彻底消除F.发表演讲G.对……造成损害H.平静下来I.深受感动；受到重大影响J.急救填空。Manystudents________________(涌入了）theclassroom.Whydidn’tyou____________________________(来救我）？Parents____________________(有影响）theirchildren.Ifelt_______________(好像）myhearthadstopped.Thecityis_______________(成为废墟）.floodedinto/inrescueme/cometomyrescuehaveaneffectonasif/thoughinruins填空。6.Iam_________________________(震惊）.7.Lily_______________________________(不遗余力地学习英语）.8.___________________________(我忽然想起）Ididn’tdomyhomework.9.Theteacher_______________________(给我提供了一个好机会）toimprovemyEnglish.10.Mymomaidedme____________________(clean)myroom.inshock/shockedsparesnoefforttostudyEnglishItstruck/strikesmethatsuppliesagoodchancetome/suppliesmewithagoodchancetoclean/(in)cleaningReadingandThinking根据课文选择。1.What’sthemainideaofthetext?AterribleearthquakeofTangshan.BeforetheearthquakeofTangshan.DuringtheearthquakeofTangshan.DamageoftheearthquakeofTangshan.根据课文选择。2.Whendidtheearthquakehappen?AtnightonJuly28th,1976.OnthemorningofJuly28th,1976.OntheafternoonofJuly28th,1976.Thewriterdidn’ttellus.根据课文选择。3.Whatdoesthesentence“Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.”mean?A.ThelifeinTangshanbegantoreturntonormal.B.Thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantohelppeople.C.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.D.Windsbegantoblowintothecity.KeyWordsandPhrases1.happentosb.发生在某人身上2.strangeadj.奇怪的；陌生的3.inthecountryside在农村4.riseandfall升升降降；起起伏伏5.atleast至少反：atmost至多6.smellyadj.发臭的smelln.气味v.闻7.too…to…太……而不能……KeyWordsandPhrases8.refusetodosth.拒绝做某事9.mousen.老鼠复数：mice/mouses10.lookfor寻找11.asleepadj.睡着的12.asusual像往常一样KeyWordsandPhrases1.Itseemsasif看起来好像2.cometoanend结束3.directlyadv.直接地；正好；一……就……4.deadlyadj.致命的deadadj.死的5.onethird三分之一分子基数词；分母序数词；分子大于一；分母加s6.cutacross横穿KeyWordsandPhrases7.waterwayn.水路；水道8.hardadj.努力的；坚硬的；辛苦的adv.努力地9.lessthan少于反：morethan10.lieinruins成为废墟；严重受损lie(撒谎）--lied—lied--lyinglie(躺；位于）--lay—lain-lyinglay(下蛋;放置）--laid—laid--layingKeyWordsandPhrases13.thenumberof………的数量+单数谓动anumberof+可数名词复数许多+复数谓动14.badlyadv.严重地；非常；恶劣地15.morethan多于；不仅仅；非常11.thousandsof成千上万的12.leave-left-left-leavingv.离开；留下KeyWordsandPhrases1.everywhereadv.到处；每个地方2.nothingbut只有，仅仅3.nearlyadv.几乎；差不多nearprep.附近4.blowsth.away刮走；吹走5.uselessadj.无用的反：useful6.tensofthousandsof数万7.hundredsofthousandsof数十万KeyWordsandPlionsof数百万9.insteadof代替；而不是10.lateradv.后来；随后adj.较晚的lateadj.迟的；晚的belateforlattern.后者theformer…thelatter…latestadj.最新的；最近的11.falldown落下；跌倒；倒塌；失败12.lastadj.最后的；上一次的v.持续KeyWordsandPhrases1.soonadv.很快；不久；马上2.digout挖掘；发现dig-dug-dug-digging3.betrapped(in)被困在……4.thedead死者the+adj.表一类人5.medicalcare医疗护理6.by+交通工具KeyWordsandPhrases1.starttodosth.=begintodosth.开始做某事2.getbackuponone’sfeet重新站起来3.tirelessefforts不懈的努力tirelessadj.不知疲倦的；孜孜不倦的4.greatimprovements巨大改善5.therestof其余的；剩下的KeyWordsandPimesof在……的时候7.abrighterfuture一个更美好的未来不规则动词risefallrunseehearbeginshakecutrosefellransawheardbeganshookcutrisenfallenrunseenheardbegunshakencut不规则动词becomeleavedestroygoblowdigbuildbringbecameleftdestroyedwentblewdugbuiltbroughtbecomeleftdestroyedgoneblowndugbuiltbrought根据课文填空1.Some_________(smell)gascameoutofthem.2.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervous__________(eat).3.Itseemedas_______theworldwerecomingtoanend!4.Soonthewholecitylay______ruins.5.Manypeoplediedorwere________(injure).smellytoeatifininjured根据课文填空5.Peoplewere__________(shock)atthisandwonderedhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.6.Thearmysentsoldierstodigoutthose_______weretrappedandtoburythedead.7.Workersbuildsheltersfor_________(survive).8.Slowlythecitybeganto________(breath)again.shockedwhosurvivorsbreatheGrammar1：主谓一致1.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.2.About75percentofthecity’sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于of后的名词。1.50%ofthegirls_______(want)togoswimminginourclass.2.Onethirdofthewater________(be)red.3.Only8percentofthearea______(be)forested.4.About30percentofthestudentsinourschool_______(be)girls.wantisisareGrammar1：主谓一致Grammar2：固定句型Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.固定句型：主语+be+adj.+todo.1.todo和主语之间构成动宾关系；2.adj.通常为表示主语性质、特征的词：difficult,easy,hard,comfortable,good,interesting,exciting.3.若动词为不及物动词，要加介词。1.Englishiseasy___________(learn).2.Thesofais______________(comfort)tositon.3.Thisbookisveryinteresting________________(read).4.Tomisnoteasy____________________（getalong).tolearnGrammar2：固定句型comfortabletoreadtogetalongwithReadingforWriting根据课文回答问题。1.Whendidthetsunamihappen?2.Whatcausedthetsunami?3.Whywoulditbedifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies?Ithappenedon26December,2004.Averypowerfulearthquakeof9.0-magnitudewhichhappenedundertheseaoffthewestcoastofSumatraIslandinIndonesia.Dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.KeyWordsandPhrases1.newsreport新闻报道2.releasev.释放；发布3.hit-hit-hit-hittingv.打击；袭击4.themostpowerful最强烈的the+adj.最高级5.crashintocoastlines撞击/席卷海岸线6.atleast/most至少/至多7.sweepaway消灭；彻底消除KeyWordsandPhrases8.(be)causedby由……造成9.reachamagnitudeof震级达到……10.theunderseaquake海底地震11.offthewestcoast在西海岸附近KeyWordsandPhrases1.some+数字大约……2.thequakecentre震中3.thenumberof………的数量+单数谓动anumberof+名词复数许多+复数谓动4.standat+数字

达到…….5.beaffectedby受……影响/受……感动6.asmany/muchas多达KeyWordsandPhrases7.hurtv.使受伤；使疼痛adj.（身体）受伤的；（感情）痛苦的8.havebreakfast吃早餐9.runtosafety跑到安全地带KeyWordsandPhrases1.beexpectedtodosth.被期待做某事/应该做某事2.tsunami-hitcountries受海啸影响的国家3.“6123”结构4.manymore/evenhigher：alot；abit；alittle；many；much；evenfar；still；any；rather修饰形容词/副词比较级不规则动词sweepstrikestandsayfindrunsweptstruckstoodsaidfoundransweptstruck/strickenstoodsaidfoundranGrammar1:非谓语动词1.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquake.2.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.1.过去分词作定语（名后为定）2.现在分词作状语主动进行用doing被动完成用donetodo表目的，未完成Grammar1:非谓语动词1.Whoisthegirl__________(invite)toyourpartylastnight?2.___________(sing)asong,theteacherwalkedin.3.If_______(give)moretime,wewilldoitbetter.4.Tomcansingand__________(dance).5.Thechildren________(paly)inthegardenlookveryhappy.invitedSinginggivendanceplayingGrammar2:原级比较1.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas1,900hadbeenkilledalongthesoutherncoast.as…as…原级比较结构：1.as+adj./adv.+as…和……一样TomisashandsomeasJerry.2.否定形式：notas/so+adj./adv.+as…表示前者不如后者Tomisnotas/sohandsomeasJerry.Grammar2:原级比较3.加名词：as+adj.+(a/an+)n.+asWehaveproducedasmanycarsaswedidlastyear.LilyisasbeautifulagirlasLulu.1.Thisbookisnotso____________(interest）asthatone.2.Tomis_______thinasLulu.3.Theteacherisaskindawoman______mymother.4.Iamnot____________busyasIerestingGrammar2:原级比较asasas/soGrammar3:when句型1.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.1.sb.bedoingsth.when…某人正在做某事……这时……2.sb.beabouttodosth.when…某人正要做某事……这时……Grammar3:when句型4.sb.had(just)donesth.when…某人刚做完某事……这时……3.sb.beonthepointofdoingsth.when…某人正准备做某事……这时……1.Hewasabout__________(leave)whenhismomarrived.2.Iwasonthepointof_______(go)outwhenthetelephonerang.3.Wehadjustfinisheddoingourhomework________theteachercamein.4.Wehadjust___________(arrive)homewhentherainpoureddown.toleaveGrammar3:when句型goingwhenarrived写作：练习册ReadingforWriting书面表达事件发生六要素：时间地点范围原因灾情救援DiscoveringUsefulStructures1.abeautifulgirl2.astonetable3.mymother4.Ihavefiveapples.5.Itisaswimmingpool.6.Therearemanybookstoberead.7.Thegirlintheroomisverybeautiful.8.Ilikethegirlwhoissingingnow.9.ThegirlsittingbehindmeisLucy.10.Thetreesplantedbymyfathergrowwellnow.形容词作定语名词作定语代词作定语数词作定语动名词作定语不定式作后置定语（目的，未完成）介词短语作后置定语定语从句作定语现在分词作后置定语（主动，进行）过去分词作后置定语（被动，完成）定语从句Sheisabeautifulgirl.定语：修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。Sheisagirlwhoisverybeautiful.定语从句：在主从句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。HarryPorterisaboy

who

hasmagicpower.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,where,why定语从句三要素定语从句划分：1.正常划分Ilikethegirlwhoisasinger.2.划分到第二个谓语动词之前Thewomanwhoisateacherismymother’sfriend.TheteacherwhowillteachusEnglishcomesfromChina.找出下列句子的三要素1.Therearemanypeoplethatcometovisitthiscityeveryyear.2.Thisisthesuitcasethatsheislookingfor.3.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.Thefactorywhichwevisitedlastweekisverybig.5.Jimwasthemanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.6.Imissedthefriendwhohelpedme.HarryPorterisaboy

who

hasmagicpower.关系词三个作用：1.连接主句和从句2.在从句做成分3.指代先行词定语从句三要素找出关系词指人/物；在从句中所作成分1.Therearemanypeoplethatcometovisitthiscityeveryyear.2.Thisisthesuitcasethatsheislookingfor.3.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.Thefactorywhichwevisitedlastweekisverybig.5.Jimwasthemanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.6.Imissedthefriendwhohelpedme.that:人/主语that:物/宾语which:物/主语which:物/宾语who:人/宾语who:人/主语定语从句做题步骤1.判断用关系代词还是关系副词，如缺少主语/宾语/表语/定语，用关系代词；如缺少状语，用关系副词。2.如用关系代词，则遵循以下三点：找出先行词看先行词指人还是指物看关系词在从句中所作成分关系代词先行词指人/物关系词在从句中所作成分that人/物主/宾/表which物/整个句子主/宾/表who人主/宾/表whom人宾/表whose(……的）人/物定先看先行词，辨清人和物；再看从句里，有无主宾语；若无主宾语，就用关系代；若有主宾语，就用关系副。3.如用关系副词，则遵循下表：关系副词先行词关系词在从句中所作成分When=介词(in/on/at/during)+which时间名词时间状语Where=介词(in/at/on)+which地点名词地点状语Why=forwhichReason原因状语where的先行词：position/point/case/stage（阶段）/situationThechildrenareatthestagewheretheylikeplayingcomputergames介词+whom指人；介词+which指物；介词+whose:……的介词的选择：“一先二动三意义”一先：根据先行词搭配来确定；IneverforgetthedayonwhichIcametothisschool.二动：根据从句谓语动词的搭配来确定；Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.三意义：根据从句表达意义来确定。Thatismypen,without

whichIcan’twrite.注意：1.“名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词”通常指代整体的一部分；…ofwhich指物；…ofwhom指人；…ofwhose指…的。Thisisourschool,thebuildingofwhichisverytall.Thereare50girls,someofwhomcomefromShanghai.ThatisLily,fiveofwhosebooksareverypopular.怎么选择关系词？Tomisaboy_______likesswimming.Idon’tknowthereason_______youarelate.who/thatwhy1.Therearemanypeople______cometovisitthiscityeveryyear.2.Thisisthesuitcase_________sheislookingfor.3.Chinaisacountry_________hasalonghistory.4.Thefactory_________wevisitedlastweekisverybig.5.Jimwastheman__________werescuedfromtheruins.6.Imissedthefriend_________helpedme.who/thatwhich/that//which/thatwhich/that//who/that/whomwho/that练习只用that不用which的情况：1.当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词或由every,all,any,few,much等修饰时；Iknoweverythingthatisgoodforyou.2.当先行词被序数词修饰时；thefirst/second/thirdTomisthesecondstudentthatcameintotheroom.3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；SheisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.4.当先行词被thevery,theonly，thelast，theright等词修饰时；Sheistheonlygirlthatwontheprize.5.当先行词前有who,which等疑问词时，为避免重复，只能用that；Whichistheroomthathestayedinthelastweek.6.当先行词既指人又指物时。Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.只用that不用which的情况：1.当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词或由every,all,any,few,mu