人教版高中英语必修4unit1课文知识点详解1

人教版高中英语必修4unit1课文知识点详解15.Thereisaclosecbetweensmokingandlungcancer.6.Thefirstperiodoftheengineering_______(工程)isnowcomplete.7.Heisa___________(专家)ingeography.8.Hegainedourrespectbyhisgreat_____________(成就).9.Ajazzbandprovidedthe______________(娱乐),whileweateanddrankunderthestars.10.Mindyour_________(举止)！It’sbadmannerstodolikethat.onnectionprojectspecialistachievementsentertainmentbehaviorⅡ.重点短语再现1._________离开；起程2.______________过着……的生活3._________(想法、问题等)涌上心头4.__________________蔑视；瞧不起5._________查阅；谈到；参考6._____________(偶然)遇见7.__________碰巧；凑巧继续；坚持9.______________献身于……10._________________判……死刑11.________________为……设计12.______________某人自己的moveoffleada...lifecrowdinlookdownupon/onrefertocomeacrossbychancecarryondevote...to...putsb.todeathbeintendedforofone’sownⅢ.典型句式运用1.FollowingJane’swayofstudyingchimps，ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthemin方法去森林里拜访它们。现在进展时除表示现在外,还可以表示____________________________,用进展时表示一种期待感，比较生动。常用的动词有：come,go,leave,start,begin,arrive,stay,take,stop等。考点提炼将来常有的意图、安排或打算等2.Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupisour务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。watchingafamilyofchimpswakeup是___________,在句中作____。动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经历。Alibrarywith100bookswasdenotedtoourschool考点提炼动名词短语主语3.Sheisleadingabusylifebutshesays：“OnceIstop,itallcomescrowdinginandIrememberthechimpsinlaboratories.〞她的生活是繁忙的，然而，她却说：“我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。〞onceIstop是once引导的________从句,主句是由___连接的两个并列分句,crowdingin为现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰comes。考点提炼时间状语and4.Isaytomyself，“Aren’ttheylucky?〞我会对自己说，“难道它们不幸运吗？〞aren’t...是否认式疑问句，表示“______________？〞，可以用来表示责备等。5.WhynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiandcarryonhergoodwork?为什么不像林巧稚那样去医学院学习然后继续她的有益的事业呢？的句型。____形式有时还含有责备的意味;____形式那么常用来表示建议。Whycomesolate?为什么这么晚才来？Whynotaskhim?为什么不问问他呢？考点提炼考点提炼难道不……吗肯定否认重点单词Shehas_______thatwildanimalsshouldbeleftinthewild...(回归课本P2)观察思考Theyarguedtheplanforalongtime.他们就该方案辩论了很长时间。We’realwaysarugingwitheachotheraboutmoney.我们总是为钱吵嘴。导练互动arguedHewastootiredtoarguethepoint.他太累了，不想讨论这个问题。归纳总结argue_______________________。arguewithsb.on/about/oversth.与某人争论某事argueagainst/for为反对/赞成……而辩论说服某人做/不做某事arguethat-clause辩论说……argumentn.争论，辩论；论据；理由anargumentagainst反对……的理由anargumentfor/infavorof赞成……的理由putforwardanargument提出论点vi.&vt.争论；辩论；讨论即学即用(1)他和玛丽争论度假的最好地方。

He____________Marythebestplaceforaholiday.(2)他们就这笔钱怎样花而争论不休。

Theywere______________howtospendthemoney.arguedwitharguingaboutoverShespentyears__________andrecordingtheirdailyactivities.(回归课本P2)观察思考Shehasobservedthestarsallherlife.她一生都在观察星星。Heobservedastrangerhangingaroundthestore.他看到一个陌生人在商店附近闲逛。Wemustobservetherulesoftheroad.我们必须遵守交通规那么。observing归纳总结observe_____________________________。observe属于感观动词，在主动语态中，作宾补的不定式,但在被动语态中那么必须。observe+宾语+do/doingsth.看到，觉察到某人做某事/正在做某事observesth.观察(注意到)某事物observethat...观察到……observeon/uponsth.关于……陈述意见observeachild’sbehavior观察一个孩子的行为observethetermsofacontract遵守合同的条款vt.看到；观察到；注意到；遵守不带to用toobserveananniversary庆祝周年纪念日observern.观察者;观测者;遵守者observationn.观测，监测，观察，观察力underobservation在观察中;在监视中即学即用Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears,manyChinesestill____thetraditionalcustoms.A.performB.possessC.observeD.support解析observe在此句中意为“遵守,奉行(法律、协议或习俗等)〞。句意为：尽管在国外居住了这么多年，许多中国人仍然遵循着传统的风俗习惯。CForfortyyearsJaneGoodallhasbeenoutspokenaboutmakingtherestoftheworldunderstandand________thelifeoftheseanimals.(回归课本P2)观察思考Ideeplyrespecthiscourage.=Ideeplyrespecthimforhiscourage.我深深敬仰他的勇气。Werespecthimasagreatleader.我们敬重他是伟大的领袖。respectAtwominutesilencewasheldasamarkofrespect.人们静默两分钟以示尊敬。Inthisrespectweareveryfortunate.在这方面我们是很幸运的。归纳总结respect_______________________________。have/showrespectfor尊敬，尊重；重视holdsb.inrespect尊敬某人innorespect无论在哪方面都不是……，完全不是……withrespectto关于，就……来说vt.&vi.尊敬，尊重；n.尊敬；方面insomerespects在某些方面ineveryrespect/inallrespects在各方面withoutrespectto不考虑……；不管……即学即用(1)他因老实而深受大家的尊敬。He____________________byeveryoneforhishonesty.(2)你认为这部电影在哪一方面有失偏颇？________________doyouthinkthefilmisbiased?ishighlyrespectedInwhatrespectTherewasstoryafterstoryofhowLinQiaozhi,tiredafteraday’swork,wentlateatnightto________ababyforapoorfamilywhocouldnotpayher.(回归课本P6)观察思考

Wouldyoudelivermymessagetoyourelderbrother?你可以帮我传口信给你哥哥吗？

Thedoctordeliveredthewoman.

医生给这位妇女接生。

Sheisduetodeliveralectureongeneticengineering.

根据安排她要作一个关于遗传工程的演讲。deliver归纳总结deliver_________________________。deliversth.tosb.把某物交付某人bedeliveredofababy生小孩deliveroneselfofsth.发言，发表deliversth.(up/over)(tosb.)放弃某事物;交出某物deliversb.(fromsth.)拯救/挽救某人deliveron不负所望；履行诺言deliveraspeech/lecture发表演讲v.递送；接生；发表(演说等)即学即用(1)一些新书已被送到学校。

Somenewbooks____________________totheschool.(2)昨天校长在大会上发言了。

Theheadmaster___________________atthemeetingyesterday.havebeendelivereddeliveredaspeech5.considerationWhatmadehersucceedlateronwasthekindnessand______________sheshowedtoallherpatients.(回归课本P6)观察思考Afterafewmoments’consideration，hebegantospeak.他考虑了片刻后开场讲话。Theirkindnessandconsiderationwillnotbeforgotten.人们不会忘记他们的友善和体贴。considerationHehasnevershownmuchconsiderationforhiswife’sfeelings.他从不顾及他妻子的感情。归纳总结consideration____________________________。inconsiderationof...考虑到……，顾及……oconsideration考虑到……;体谅……beunderconsideration在考虑中，在审议中giveconsiderationtosth./givesth.consideration考虑某事considerv.考虑；认为considerdoingsth.考虑某事beconsideredtobe/as...被认为……；被看作……n.［U］考虑;体贴;体谅；关心outofconsiderationfor出于对……的关心/体谅showconsiderationforsb./sth.体谅/关心……considerateadj.考虑周到的；体谅的；体贴的即学即用(1)他们考虑到他还年轻没给他重活。Theydidn’tgivehimheavywork_____________________hisyouth.(2)教师说对于学生的要求他会予以考虑的。Theteachersaidthathewould_______________________therequestofthestudents.inconsiderationoftakeintoconsiderationIlookedcarefullyatthetextandrealizedthatitwas_________forwomeninthecountryside.(回归课本P6)观察思考

Thiskindofbicycleisintendedforpeoplewhoistootall.

这种自行车是专为身材过高的人设计的。

Thisdictionaryisintendedforchildren.

这本词典是给小孩用的。intendedIdidn’tintendhertoseethispaintinguntilitwasfinished.我本来不想在这幅画还没完成之前让她看到。Today,Iintendtofinishreadingthisbook.今天我打算读完这本书。归纳总结intend_______________________________。(1)intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事

todosth.doingsth.打算使……成为；想让……从事某事vt.意指，愿意；方案，打算，意欲打算做某事beintendedtodosth./forsth.是用来……intendthat...打算，想……hadintendedtodosth.(=intendedtohavedonesth.)过去本打算做……(2)intentionn.意图；打算；目的byintention成心havenointentionofdoing...无意做……withtheintentionof抱有……目的；打算withoutintention无意中，不是成心地即学即用(1)我本来是打算去北京的，但我没买到票。I______________________toBeijing,butIdidn’tgettheticket.(2)Shewentoutwiththedoorunlockedby___althoughsheknewearlythatitwouldresultintheft.A.accidentB.intentionC.chanceD.purpose解析byintention=onpurpose成心;bychance=byaccident偶然。intendedtohavegoneB重点短语与句型7eacrossBychanceI____________anarticleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhi,aspecialistinwomen’sdiseases.(回归课本P6)观察思考Icameacrosshiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上无意中碰到了他。Whilecleaningtheroomyesterday,Icameacrossanoldphotoofmymother.我昨天清扫房间时,意外地发现一张我母亲的照片。cameacross归纳总结comeacross意为:______________________。Howcome?为什么？怎么会？怎么搞的？comeabout发生comealong一起来；一道走comedownto下垂到；到达；流传下来comeon得啦；快点comeout出来；出版；开花cometo到达；总计为；结果是cometooneself(昏迷后)苏醒过来；恢复理性comeup上来；(从土中)长出，发芽,被提出comeupwith提出；想出cometrue实现(偶然)遇上，碰见；发现即学即用(1)It’salready10o’clock.Iwonderhowit____thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.A.cameoverB.cameoutC.cameaboutD.cameup

解析

comeover过去；comeout出来;comeup出现，到来。comeabout发生，符合题意。C(2)—Haveyou____somenewideas?—Yeah.I’lltellyoulater.AeaboutBeintoCeupwithDeoutwith解析comeabout发生；comeinto进入,得到;comeupwith想出；comeoutwith发表，公布，说出。句意为:——你想出新的主意了吗？——是的，我过会儿告诉你。C8.carryonWhynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiand_________hergoodwork?(回归课本P6)观察思考Carryon(with)thegoodwork!好好做下去！Despiteallthenoise,shecarriedonstudying.尽管很吵，她还在继续学习。Negotiationswerecarriedon，inspiteofthefighting.尽管还在打仗，谈判仍在进展。carryon归纳总结carryon意为:_______________。carry...about随身携带……carryaway拿走，冲走，掠走；吸引住(某人)carryback将……送/带回原地；使某人忆起carryforward过帐，结转carryoff运走，带走；获得(奖项)，夺得成功地应付(困难)局面carryout搬出；实施，执行，履行；完成carrythrough达成，贯彻；使渡过难关继续，继续下去即学即用(1)我不在的时候你要继续工作。

_________________/GoonwithyourworkwhileI’maway.(2)Themealover,themanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomto____theirdiscussion.A.putawayB.takedownC.lookoverD.carryon

解析

putaway收好,放好,takedown写下,记下;lookover从……上面看；查看,检查;carryon继续。句意：吃完饭,经理们回到会议室继续讨论。CarryonworkingD9.Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonths，wassheallowed她的忙，这才使她得以开场自己的方案。典例体验__________________________thestresshewasunder.直到那时她才意识到他所承受的压力。______________________________theproblem.只有用这种方法你才能解决问题。Onlythen，didsherealizeOnlyinthisway，canyousolve归纳总结此句是only引导的一个___________。当only修饰____、________或状语从句，且________时,主句必须用局部倒装构造。(1)否认副词(词组)never，nor,hardly，little，seldom,bynomeans等置于句首时,句子要用局部倒装构造。NeverbeforehaveIseensuchamovingfilm.我从来没有看过这样感人的电影。Bynomeanswillwegiveintothem.我们决不会向他们让步。(2)so或neither/nor表示前者的情况也适用于另一人或物时,其句型为“so/neither/nor+be/助动词/情态局部倒装句副词介词短语放在句首动词+另一主语〞。so指肯定情况，意为“……也是如此〞,neither/nor适用于前者是否认的情况,意为“……也不这样〞。Lilycan’tride,neither/norcanLucy.莉莉不会骑车，露西也不会。注意如果句意不是“……也是如此〞,而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和(此时的so=indeed)，那么句子不可使用倒装语序。—Youforgottotakeyourkeywithyouagain!——你又忘记带钥匙了！—Oh,mygod.SoIdid!——噢，我的天哪，我确实忘了带！(3)so+adj./adv.+that...引导的结果状语从句构造中,so+adj./adv.置于句首时，句子须用局部倒装。SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.他英语讲得如此清晰，以致于别人总能理解他的意思。注意that引导的句子不倒装。(4)在非真实条件句中可省略if,把were,had,should提到句首构成局部倒装构造。Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.假设明天下雨，我们就不去爬山了。Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.如果你早点来，你就赶上公共汽车了。即学即用(1)OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly____howmuchIlovedthem.A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize解析考察局部倒装。“only+状语〞放于句首时,主句用局部倒装。(2)Sodifficult____ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound解析so(such)...that构造中,so或such位于句首加强语气时用倒装。DB〔1〕Iambusypreparingfortheweeklytest.IwillgetintouchwithyounextMonday.A.then B.now C.nowandthen〔2〕Wewillbeabletodiscusstheplan,soyouwon’tdisturbme.A.then B.now C.nowandthen

BAC品味构词串联扩展对立意义的词并列构成新义

adv./adj.原词adv./adj.对立词构成词组，作状语now现在then那时(=sometimes）不时here这里there那里(=everywhere）到处up向上，朝上down向下，往下

上上下下nowandthenhereandthereupanddownback后面front前面

前后颠倒backward朝后的/地forward朝前的/地

来回地，来去地once一次more更

又一次，再一次thick厚的thin薄的

不顾艰难in里面out外面

时进时出far远的，遥远的near近的，附近的farandnearbacktofrontbackwardandforwardonce(and)more(through)thickandthininandout四面八方

2.利用-spect相关的派生词，品句填词(1)Ifyoudon’t

others,ofcourseotherswon’t

you.(2)Theleadercametoourofficeand

thecaseofthetheftbecausehe

someonehadstolenit.However,ifyouwanttofindthethiefandthenyoucan’tjudgeapersonbyhis

.Allinall,we

thepolicewillbeabletocatchthethiefsoon.

respectrespectinspectedsuspectedaspectexpect串联扩展

前缀词根派生词a--spect(看,look)aspect(=looks)in-(=lookinto)检查re-respect(=lookupto尊敬)ex-expect(=hope/believe期望，期盼)su-suspect(=feeldoubt)面貌inspect疑心【例1】It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation____theycanseethemselvesdifferently.(福建高考)解析领先行词为situation,case,stage,point等时，假设定语从句中缺少状语，那么定语从句的引导词为where。课文原文Thismeansgoingbacktotheplace_____weleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.考题回扣whereD【例2】—Doyouthinkit’sagoodideatomakefriendswithyourstudents?—____,Ido.Ithinkit’sagreatidea.(安徽高考)

解析

句意为:——你认为和你的学生交朋友是个好主意吗？——我认为是个好主意。由下句肯定回答可知赞同对方的观点，故用actually。

课文原文

She__________observedchimpsasagrouphuntingamonkey...Cactually【例3】Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof____hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.(上海高考)解析句意为:作为一个新外交官，他常常考虑在这样的场合中如何更恰当地反响。句中react是不及物动词，不能与what(什么)和which(哪一个)搭配；that没有具体的含义，因此只有how(如何)符合题意。课文原文Shealsodiscovered____chimpscommunicatewitheachother,...Dhow【例4】Howmuch____shelookedwithoutherglasses!(全国Ⅰ高考)A.wellB.good解析句意为:她不戴眼镜看起来好看多了!much修饰比较级，故只有better正确。课文原文Wassheso_____clevererthananyoneelse?muchD【例5】—Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.—Thefirsttwoarefree____thethirdcosts$30.(安徽高考)解析句意为:——我想知道你的效劳收费多少？——前两个是免费的，但第三个收费30美元。根据句意,“前两个免费〞和“第三个收费30美元〞之间是前后比照关系。而until表示“直到……时候〞；when表示“当……时候〞;before表示“在……之前〞，均不合题意。A课文原文

Everybodysitsandwaitsintheshadeofthetrees______thefamilybeginstowakeupandmoveoff.whileⅠ.品句填词1.Withhergreatefforts,shehasaeverythingshewantedtodo.2.“Haveyoutakenpartineitherofmylasttwoc?〞Theofficeraskedthesoldier.3.Ifyouwanttohelpthepoor,youcanjointheo,whichusuallyhassomesuchactivities.4.Heisanagriculturals，whodevotesallhislifetotheresearchintoagriculture.自主检测chievedampaignsrganizationpecialist5.Thelittleboy’sbadbatthepartymadehisparentsupset.6.Ibytheteacher’swords,heisdeterminedtostudyharderthanbefore.7.Inourschool,everyteacherisaskedtowriteoneortwoaaboutteachingeveryyear.8.Everythingtakenintoc,hehasdoneagoodjobthistime.9.Thefamousdoctorhasdhundredsofbabiesduringherlife.10.Itiscofyounottomakeanynoisewhiletheothersarehavingarest.ehaviournspiredrticlesonsiderationeliveredonsiderateⅡ.短语运用

carefor,carryon,put...todeath,setup,catchone’seye，devote...to,lookdownupon,onone’sown,makeup,workout1.Thegovernmentthecriminals_________byhangingthem.2.Weneedanotherthreeplayersto________ateam.3.Heisanindependentchild;hedoesallthethings___________.4.AfterheleftIjusttriedto_________asnormal.todeathmakeuponhisowncarryonput5.Theyounggirl________allhersparetimestudyingEnglish.6.You’ll_________theproblemifyoukeepworkingonit.7.Aspecialhospitalwas_______totreatSARSinBeijing.8.Hehatestobe_________________,sotreathimasourhonoredguest.9.Heisgoodat____________sickanimals.10.Iwaslookingthroughthenewspaperandsuddenlyaphoto______________.devotesworkoutsetuplookeddownuponcaringforcaughtmyeyetoⅢ.完成句子1.Mycarhasbeen__________________(车况良好)sinceitwasrepaired.2.Mr.Brown_______________(忠于)hiswife.3.Itis_______________________________(仔细考虑是值得的〕thewaytosolvetheseproblems.4.BynowI_________________________(迫不及待地想了解)moreabouther.5.Butitwasnothersuccessatuniversity_____________________(使她成名).6.Sheworkedhard____________________________________________(让尽可能多的国家同意)nottousethem.ingoodconditionisdevotedtoworthwhileconsideringcarefullycannotwaittofindoutthatmadeherfamoustomakeasmanycountriesaspossibleagreeⅣ.单项填空1.Smokinginallpublicplaces，includingbars,restaurants,cafes,andhotels,_____prohibitedinNewZealand.Ifyousmoke，pleaseremembertosmokeoutside.C.hasbeenD.isbeing解析考察主谓一致及时态。因为句子的主语是smoking，故谓语动词应用单数形式;由句意可知此句是说明一种现在的事实，故用一般现在时，选A项。A2.IamsurethispaintingwasnotpaintedbyPicasso.It’sonlyanunsuccessfulfake(赝品)andsoit’s_____.解析priceless,invaluable和precious都表示“无价的,珍贵的〞;而worthless指“不值钱的，没有价值的〞，符合句意。3.We’vealwayswantedahouseinthecountry,butwe____aboutwhereitshouldbe.A.argued B.hadarguedC.willargue D.arearguing解析由前一个分句知后半个分句应使用以现在为起点的时态，故排除A、B、C三项，选D项。CD4.Heistherightpersonyoucanrelyonto____yourresearchwhenyouareonvacationforthenexttwoweeks.A.takeupB.carryonC.fixonD.goover解析考察动词短语辨析。carryonyourresearch继续开展你的研究。takeup干扰性最大，但它的意思是“开场从事〞，而由句意“在你的两周度假期间，他就是你可以依赖、继续你的研究的人〞可知，研究工作早已经开场，所以应该排除。B5.____thedangerfromenemyaction,peoplehadtodealwiththelackoffood,clothing,fuelandalmosteverything.A.AsfarasB.AslongasC.AswellasD.Assoonas解析考察固定搭配。句意为：除了来自敌人的危险，人们还要解决缺少食物、衣服、燃料等几乎所有问题。aswellas=inadditionto，besides除了……。A、B、D三项只能引导句子。C6.Itwasfromtheyear2006____theChinesegovernmentstoppedraisingtaxesfromfarmers.解析考察强调句型。句意为：从2006年起,中国政府就停顿向农民征收税收。这是用强调句型强调时间状语。A项前后时态不对,B项和C项表示定语从句，但如果空格后是定语从句,那么前面句子的意思不完整。D7.Believeitornot,intheUnitedStates,40percentofthetoys____