化学品安全知识培训

化学品安全知识培训It’spreventingaccidentsandinjurieswhileusingchemicalsintheworkplace.在工作场所使用化学品时防止事故及伤害的发生。什么是化学品安全?4maintypesofchemicals四种主要类型的化学品3waystobeexposedinchemicalshazards三种可能暴露途径HowdoIknowwhattherisksare?了解危害所在Containerlabels容器标签MaterialSafetyDataSheets(MSDS)物质安全数据表Colorandnumbercodedlabelsystem颜色和数字编号标签系统Knowingthechemicalriskandhazards,takethenecessarystepsandsafeguardstopreventfromgettinghurt了解化学品危险性和危害，采取必要措施和安全装置来预防受伤AlwayswearyourPPE一直佩戴合适PPESafetyworkpractices安全工作实务Followsafetyworkpractices跟踪它们Knowemergencyprocedure明了紧急处理程序Helpcontrolchemicalhazards协助控制化学品危害Topic讨论话题4MainTypes

ofChemicals

四种主要类型的化学品

canputyouatrisk...

可以使你处于危险之中…Thesedestroybodytissues-eyes,respiratorysystemandskin-oncontact.通过接触,会损害人体组织部-眼睛,呼吸系统和皮肤腐蚀性的Thesearepoisonsthatcancauseillnessordeath.这些是可能致病或致死的毒物.有毒试剂Theseliquidsandgasescatchfireeasilyandburnquicklyorexplode.这些液体和气体极易着火,燃烧迅速和爆炸可燃的或易燃的Thesechemicalsburn,explodeorgiveofftoxicgasesifdropped,heatedormixedwithcertainothersubstances.跌落,加热或与其它某种物质混合,这些化学品会燃烧,爆炸或释放有毒气体.反应性的三种可能暴露于化学品危害的途径ë

INHALEDintheformofdust,gasorvapors以粉尘,气体或蒸汽的形式吸入.ëSWALLOWED-especiallyifyoueatorsmokearoundchemicals.吞入-尤其当你在化学品周围吃东西或抽烟时ë

ABSORBEDthroughtheskinorsplashedintotheeyes通过皮肤或溅入眼睛而吸收

HowdoIknowwhatthe

RISKSare?

我怎样知道危害是什么?ContainerLabels

容器标签Tellyou:告诉你:TheChemical’sIdentity化学品的身份

-itsnameortradename名字或商品名

PhysicalHazards物理危害

-ifthechemicalisexplosive,corrosive,etc..此化学品是否是爆炸性的,腐蚀性的,等等..TheDegreeofRisk危险程度

-asignalwordsuchas“CAUTION!”,“WARNING”or“DANGER!”willtellyou.(“DANGER!”indicatesthemostseverhazard,“CAUTION!”theleast.)一个信号词,如“注意!”,“警告”或“危险!”会告诉你.(“危险”表明危害严重,“注意”最轻.

HealthHazards健康危害

-ifthechemicaliscancer-causing,toxic,radioactive,etc..表明此化学品是否致癌,有毒或放射性的

Precautionstotake需采取的措施

-howtoavoidinjuryorillness,suchas“washthoroughlyafterhandling”,or“useonlyinawell-ventilatedroom”.如何避免伤害或疾病,如“接触后彻底洗手”,或“在通风良好的房间里使用“

HowtoHandle,StoreandDisposeofChemicals

如何处置,储藏和处理化学品.safemethodsandPPEtouseduringtheseprocedures.在这些操作中的安全方法及PPE.SpecialSymbols特殊标识arealsousedonmanylabelstohelpyourecognizethekindofhazardthechemicalcouldpresentifyou’renotcareful.被用于许多标签上,可帮助你识别由于不小心而导致的化学品危害的种类.You’llfindthesesymbolsonlabelsofcontainersthathavebeenshippedbytruck,rail,orair.你会在由卡车,火车或飞机运输的容器上的标签上找到这些图案SpecialSignalWords

特殊标识文字areusedonmanylabelstotellyouquicklyhowdangerousthechemicalcouldbe.用于许多标签上,很快告诉你化学品可能有多危险.Thecommonsignalwordsandtheirmeaningsare:常用标识文字极其含义如下:DANGER

-cancauseimmediateseriousinjuryordeath.危险品-可导致立即严重伤害或死亡WARNING

-cancausepotentiallyseriousinjuryordeath.警告-可导致潜在的确伤害或死亡.CAUTION

-cancausepotentiallymoderateinjuryordeath.注意-可导致潜在的中度伤害或死亡.Hereisalistofsomeofthehealthhazardsyoumightfindonachemicallabel:以下是一些健康危害的列表,你可能在某一化学品标签上找到:ó

Carcinogen 致癌物质ó

Highlytoxicagent高毒性试剂ó

Sensitizer敏化剤 ó

Hepatotoxin肝毒素ó

Nephrotoxin肾毒素 ó

Neurotoxin神经毒素ó

Reproductivehazard生殖系统危害 ó

Irritant刺激物ó

Corrosive腐蚀剂Manyofthesetermsmaysoundverytechnical.ConsultMSDS,oraskyoursupervisororsafetypersonifyouhavequestions.许多这些专业术语可能听起来很专业.若有问题,查看MSDS,或咨询你的主管或安全人员.PrecautionaryStatements

预防性申明Alabelmayalsotellyouwhatyoushoulddotoavoidproblems.Herearesomeexamples:标签可能也告诉你需做什么来避免问题.这儿有一些例子:

Donotbreathevaporsfromthisproduct.不要吸入这个产品的蒸汽

Useonlyinwell-ventilatedareas.只在通风良好的情况下使用.Washthoroughlywithsoapafterhandling.接触后用肥皂彻底洗手.Keepawayfromsparks,heat,andflame.远离火星,热源和火源.Donotstorenearcombustiblematerials.不要将其储藏在可燃材料附近.Keepcontainerclosedwhennotinuse.不用时保持容器密闭.Avoidcontactwithskin.避免皮肤接触.Storeintightlyclosedcontainer.储存在紧闭的容器中.Removeandwashcontaminatedclothingpromptly.及时脱去并清洗污染的衣物.Keepfromcontactwithclothingandothercombustiblematerials.避免与衣物或其它可燃物接触.MATERIALSAFETYDATASHEETS

物质安全数据表（MSDS）MaterialSafetyDataSheets(MSDS)aredesignedtohelpusunderstandhowtoworksafelywithchemicals.MSDS’swillhaveapproximately8to10sectionswhichexplaintheproperwaystouse,handleandstorechemicals.物质安全数据表被用来帮助我们如何安全地处理化学品.MSDS大概会有8~10段,用来解释使用,搬运和储藏化学品的正确的方法.MSDS’sprovideinformationregardingthehealthhazardsassociatedwiththeuseofchemicals,theprecautionarymeasurestofollow,andtheemergencyproceduresforspills,andfirstaid.MSDS’s提供与使用化学品有关的健康危害的信息,需遵循的预防措施,针对泄漏的紧急程序和紧急救护.

ChemicalIdentification

化学品识别

Theintroductorysectionofthe MaterialSafetyDataSheets (MSDS)includesthechemicalmanufacturer’snameandemergencynumber,addressandemergencyphonenumber,thechemicalname,tradename,andchemicalformula.ThissectionhelpsyouidentifythechemicalontheMSDS.MSDS中的介绍部分包括化学品制造商,紧急号码,地址和紧急电话,化学品名称,商标,以及化学方程式.这部分帮助你识别MSDS上的化学品.Howtouseandunderstand

MaterialSafetyDataSheets

如何使用和理解MSDSHazardousIngredients有害成分Thissectionlistsanyhazardousingredientsfoundwithinthechemicalthatcanbehazardoustoyou.Inthissection,youmightalsoseethetermsTLV(ThresholdLimitValue)andPEL(PermissibleExposureLimit).这部分列出此化学品中所有的有害成分,同时，你有可能看到这些术语：TLV（阈值浓度限）和PEL（容许暴露限）。HazardousIngredients有害成分Bothtermsareusedtoexpresstheairborneconcentrationlevelsofachemicaltowhichmostpersonscanbesafelybeexposedduringanormalworkday.Anotherterm,C.A.S.(ChemicalAbstractSafety),willusuallybelistedinthissectionoftheMSDS.TheC.A.S.numbersidentifyspecificchemicalsaccordingtoinformationpublishedbytheAmericanChemicalSociety.这俩个术语是用来表示在一个正常工作日中，大多人能够被允许接触的空气中所含化学品的浓度，在这个浓度范围内，人身是安全的.另一个术语是C.A.S(化学品文摘服务)它通常被列入MSDS中,C.A.S码通过美国化学协会发表的相关信息来定义特定的化学品.

PhysicalData

物性数据

Thissectionlistssuchimportant physicalpropertiesofthechemical asboilingpoint,vapordensity, percentvolatile,appearanceandodor,andothers.Thisinformationhelpsdeterminethedegreeofhazardsassociatedwiththechemicalindifferentworkenvironments.此章节列出化学品的一些重要物理性质，譬如，沸点、蒸气密度、挥发度、外观、气味及其它。这些信息帮助我们定义化学品在不同工作环境中的危害程度。PhysicalData物性数据Forexample,vapordensitydescribestheweightofavaporrelativelytoanequalvolumeofair(air=1).Ifachemicalhasavapordensityofgreaterthan1,thevaporwillbeheavierthanairandtendstofallandhugtheground.举例来说，蒸气密度描述的是相对于同样体积的空气（空气密度=1）某种蒸气的重量。如果说某个化学品的蒸气密度大于1,此蒸气会比空气重，易于下沉，紧贴地面。Fire&ExplosionData消防和爆炸数据Thissectionhelpsyoudeterminethechemical’sflashpoint,whichisthetemperatureatwhichachemicalwillreleaseenoughflammablevaportoignite.Chemicalsthatigniteatorabove60oCareclassifiedascombustible;thosethatignitebelow60oCareclassifiedasflammable.此部分将帮助你了解化学品的闪点，在此温度（闪点）下，化学品将挥发出足够的可燃性蒸气，导致着火。化学品在60摄氏或以上温度自燃被称为可燃的，在60摄氏以下被称为易燃化学品。Fire&ExplosionData消防和爆炸数据Inaddition,thissectionusuallyliststhechemical’supperandlowerflammabilitylimits,propertypesofextinguishingmediarequiredtosafelyextinguishthefire(exampleCO2,water,foam,etc.),specialfirefightingprocedures,andanyunusualfireandexplosionhazardsassociatedwiththechemical.另外，此部分通常列有化学品爆炸上下限、合适的灭火介质种类（例如，二氧化碳型、水型、泡沫型等等），特殊的灭火程序，和不常见的消防以及其它与该化学品相关联的爆炸危害性。HealthHazardData健康危害数据Thissectiondescribesthehealtheffectsassociatedwithbeingoverexposedtothechemicalthroughingestion,inhalation,andskinoreyecontact.此部分描述的是某种化学品通过吞入、吸入、皮肤或眼睛接触对健康的影响。HealthHazardData

健康危害数据Theinformationmayinclude:theacuteandchroniceffectsofoverexposuretothechemical,whetherthechemicalisknowncarcinogen,emergencyandfirstaidprocedurestofollowincaseofoverexposure,whetheroverexposuremayrequireimmediatemedicalattention,andmedicalconditionswhichmaybeaggravateduponcontactwiththechemical.Ifyouworkinanareawhereoverexposureislikely,safetyequipmentmaybeneededtoprotectyou.信息可能包括：过度暴露于某化学品（所产生的）急性和慢性影响。该化学品是否会致癌，应急处置和急救程序是否被遵守以免过度暴露，过度暴露（后）是否需要进行立即医学观察，以及可能的医疗禁忌，如果你的工作区域有暴露于化学品的可能性，（我们）可以用安全装置来保护。

ReactivityData反应性数据Theinformationcontainedinthissectionhelpsyoutodetermineifthechemicalwillreactwithotherchemicalsorconditions.Chemicalsthatarereactive(unstable)mayexplode,burnorreleasetoxicsubstancesundercertainconditions.该章节所包含的信息会帮助你了解该化学品是否会和其它化学品反应或其反应条件。可反应的（不稳定的）化学品在某种条件下可能爆炸、燃烧、释放出有毒气体。ReactivityData反应性数据Inaddition,thissectionusuallytellsyouifthechemicalisstableorunstableandlistsanychemicalsorsubstancesthatmightbeincompatiblewiththechemical.另外,这部分通常会告诉你此化学品是否稳定或与此化学品不相容的物质。

SpillorLeakProcedures溢出或泄漏程序

Thissectionliststheproceduresto followwhenachemicalis accidentallyreleasedorspilled.Itwillalsocovertypesofclean-upandprotectiveequipmentneededtosafelycontainorcleanupaspillaswellasproperwaystodisposeofthechemical.此部分列出当化学品意外释放或溢出时应遵循的程序。并包含为了安全地收集或清除泄漏所需的清除和保护设备以及处置化学品的正确方法。SpecialProtectionInformation特殊的保护信息Thissectionliststhetypesofspecialprotectiveequipment(respirators,gloves,eyeprotection,ventilation)thatisrecommendedtobeusedwhenworkingwiththechemical.这部分列出当处理化学品时被推荐使用的特殊的保护设备（呼吸器，手套，眼睛保护及通风）。SpecialProtectionInformation

特殊的保护信息Remember,therearevarioustypesofprotectiveequipmentthatarespeciallydesignedforcertaintasks.Consultwithyoursupervisortoensureyouareusingthecorrecttypefortheworkyouareperforming.记住，不同类型的保护设备被设计用于特定的任务。咨询你的主管以确保你在将正确的保护设备用于你的工作中。SpecialPrecautions特殊的预防措施Thelastsectionusuallydiscussesspecialprecautionstobetakenduringhandlingandstorageofthechemical.AlsothislastsectionwillusuallydiscussanyotherhealthorsafetyconcernsthathavenotalreadybeenmentionedinothersectionoftheMSDS.最后部分通常讨论在处置和储存化学品时所需采取的特殊预防措施。并且这部分会讨论在MSDS的其它部分未讨论的任何其它的关于健康和安全的担忧。颜色和数字CLASSIFICATIONANDCLASSLABELSFORHAZARDOUSSUBSTANCESSS286:PART1:1984

分类与标识有害物质Asystemofclassificationforhazardoussubstancesandaseriesofcautionlabelscorrespondingtothedesignatedclassesandsubdivisionsforuseinlandtransportationandstorage.是一个对有害物质分类的系统，和根据指定的分类（进行的）一系列警示标识，以及陆地运输和存储中使用的细则。Tofacilitatetheidentificationofhazardoussubstancesandthehazardsassociatedwiththeirtransport,handling,storageanddisposal,soastoreducetheriskoflife,healthandpropertyarisingfromthehazardouspropertiesofthegoods.为减少对生命、健康的危害和所导致的财产损失，要推进人们对于有害物质的认识，以及在运输、使用、存储和处理方面的危害。CLASSIFICATIONANDCLASSLABELSFORHAZARDOUSSUBSTANCESSS286:PART1:1984

分类与标识有害物质Labelsforhazardoussubstances

accordingtoclass

根据分类来标识有害物质Class1Explosives分类1爆炸物Classes1.1to1.5inaccordancewiththenatureofthehazard.Class2Gases:compressedordissolvedunderpressure分类2气体：压缩的和液化的2.1Flammablegases可燃气体2.2Non-flammablegases非可燃气体2.3Poisonous(toxic)gases有毒气体Labelsforhazardoussubstances

accordingtoclass根据分类来标识有害物质Class3FlammableLiquids分类3可燃液体3.1Lowflashpointgroupofliquids

低闪点液体3.2Intermediateflashpointgroupofliquids中度闪点液体3.3Highflashpointgroupofliquids

高闪点液体3Labelsforhazardoussubstances

accordingtoclass根据分类来标识有害物质Class4Flammablesubstances分类4可燃固体(otherthanthoseofClasses1,2,3and5.2)

4.1Flammablesolids可燃固体4.2Substancesliabletospontaneouscombustion自燃物质4.3Substanceswhich,oncontactwithwater,emitflammablegases接触水能释放可燃气体的物质Labelsforhazardoussubstances

accordingtoclass根据分类来标识有害物质Class5OxidizingAgents分类5氧化剂5.1Oxidizingagents(otherthanorganicperoxides)

氧化物剂（非有机过氧化物）5.2Organicperoxides

有机过氧化物Labelsforhazardoussubstances

accordingtoclass根据分类来标识有害物质Class6Poisonous(toxic)orInfectiousSubstances分类6毒性物质或传染性物质6.1Toxicsubstances

毒性物质6.2Infectioussubstances

传染性物质Labelsforhazardoussubstances

accordingtoclass根据分类来标识有害物质Class7RadioactiveSubstances分类7放射性物质CategoryI-White类别1-白色CategoryII-Yellow类别2-黄色CategoryIII-Yellow类别2-黄色Categoriesinaccordancewiththelevelofradiationemittedfromthecontainer根据放射物从容器辐射等级来分类Labelsforhazardoussubstances

accordingtoclass根据分类来标识有害物质Class8CorrosiveSubstances分类8腐蚀物质Labelsforhazardoussubstances

accordingtoclass根据分类来标识有害物质NFPAHAZARDINDENTIFICATIONSYSTEM国家防火协会（美）危险标识体系TheNFPAsymbolforasubstancegivesquickvisualindicationofthedegreeofhazardassociatedwiththatsubstanceinthefieldsofhealth,flammabilityandreactivity.Italsoprovidesforanindicationofcertainotherspecialhazardswhichmaybeassociatedwithasubstance.某物的NFPA符号提供与该物有关的关于健康、可燃性、反应性的非常直观的危害等级指示，也会提供其相关联物质的某些特别危害性指示。HEALTH健康4Toodangeroustoentervapororliquid极其有害－不能接触其气体和液体3Extremelydangerous-Usefullprotectiveclothing非常有害－全面保护服2Hazardous-UsebreathingApparatus有害－戴呼吸器1Slightlyhazardous轻微有害0Likeordinarymaterial类似普通物质3

FLAMMABLE可燃性4Extremely 2Igniteswhenflammable moderately

极其易燃

heated适度加热即燃3Ignitesatnormal 1Mustbepreheatedtemperatures

toburn须预热才致燃常温即可点燃

0

Willnotburn

不能燃烧43REACTIVITY反应性

4

Maydetonate-Vacateareaifmaterialsareexposedtofire可能引爆－撤离火区

3Strongshockorheatmaydetonate–Usemonitorsfrombehindexplosionresistantbarriers强烈震动或加热可引爆－在爆炸隔离栏外使用检测器2Violentchemicalchangepossible-Usehosestreamsfromdistance可能有剧烈化学反应－远距离使用水龙头（扑火）1Unstableifheated-Usenormalprecautions加热不稳定－普通预防0Normallystable一般稳定WAvoiduseofwater避免用水NFPASystemGuideforHazardousMaterialsNFPA体系有关于危害物的指导OXY423TheWHITEpartofthelabelishandleddifferentlyoneach:NFPA-typelabels在每份NPFA型标签的白色区域标注有所不同WHITE=SpecificHazard白色＝特殊危害OXY =oxidizer氧化剂ACID =Acid酸ALK =Alkali碱COR =corrosive腐蚀物W =usenowater

不可用水

=Radioactive

放射物ExamplesofNFPASystemNPFA体系举例CalciumCarbide Benzene电石苯NFPAHAZARDINDENTIFICATIONSYSTEM国家防火协会（美）危险标识体系HAZCHEMEMERGENCYACTIONCODESS286:PART3:1984危险化学品标识系统（英）紧急措施代码TheHAZCHEMsystemisusedforconveyinginformationtoemergencyservicesinconnectionwiththetransportandhandlingofhazardoussubstances.

危险品化学品标签系统用来传达在传输和处理有害物质时相关的紧急措施信息Thesystemprovidesforcorrectimmediateresponseactionintheeventoffireorspillagesoastominimizethehazardstopeopleandthelocalenvironment.该体系提供在发生火灾或泄漏时，为将对人员及地区环境的危害降至最低所需采取的正确和立即的响应行为HAZCHEMEMERGENCYACTIONCODESS286:PART3:1984HAZCHEM紧急措施代码800600DIETHYLAMINE二乙基胺11542YEINEMERGENCYDIAL999POLICEorFIREBRIGADEDUPONT(S)FIBRESPTELTDTEL:8694646SPECIALISTADVICEHAZCHEM危险化学品标识代码UNNo.联合国代码39038010PVRSSTTWVXYYZZEVVFULLBABAforFIREonlyBABAforFIREonlyBAforFIREonlyBAforFIREonlyBABAFULLDILUTE稀释CONTAIN堵漏CONSIDEREVACUATION考虑撤离UNNo.Hazchem1234JETS喷气式FOG喷雾式FOAM泡沫式DRYAGENT干粉式FORFIREORSPILLAGE为消防与泄漏HazchemScaleHAZCHEM划分NotesforGuidance

指导性注释FOG喷雾Intheabsenceoffogequipmentafinespraymaybeused.缺乏喷雾器时，可使用细喷雾（来灭火）DRYAGENT干粉Watermustnotbyallowedtocomeintocontactwiththesubstanceatrisk.一定不能让水接触到危险品。V剧烈的（反应）Canbeviolentlyorevenexplosivelyreactive.能够发生猛烈甚至爆炸性反应FULL全面（保护）FullbodyprotectiveclothingwithBA.用带呼吸设备的防护服进行全面身体保护BA呼吸设备Breathingapparatusplusprotectivegloves.呼吸器外加防护手套DILUTE稀释Maybewashedtodrainwithlargequantitiesofwater可用大量水冲洗至排水沟CONTAIN堵漏Preventbyanymeansavailable,spillagefromenteringdrainsorwatercourses.尽可能阻止泄漏至排水沟或（任何）水系统里CONSIDEREVACUATION考虑撤离Thisisthefirstpriority.Incaseofdoubtevacuateimmediatevicinityandrequestpoliceassistance.撤离会被优先考虑，假设有所怀疑，立即撤离至附近地区，请求警方协助。TransportEmergencyCard运输应急卡片IsaQUICKandSHORTinformationandinstructionforhandlingoftransportemergency.是一份快速和简明的信息，也是运输中紧急事件处置的指导TransportEmergencyCard

运输应急卡片MATERIALIDENTIFICATION:DMAc物品名：二甲基乙胺ACETAMIDE,N,N-DIMETHYL乙酰胺DIMETHYLACETAMIDE二甲基乙胺MSDSDU000262UNno.NA, NANo.1993Colorless,clearliquid无色透明液体Faintammoniacalodour有窒息性氨味Class6.1(b)类别6.1（b)Date日期:22May19926NatureofHazard Combustible.Flushpoint:63degreeC.危害性质 Burningmayproduceobnoxiousandtoxicfumes Harmfulifinhaledorabsorbedthroughskin. Maycauseeyeandskinirritation.

易燃，闪点：63摄氏度，燃烧会产生难闻和有毒气体吸入或经由皮肤吸收有害，可刺激皮肤与眼睛。ProtectiveDevices Wearappropriateequipmenttopreventskin防护设备 andeyecontact:穿适当防护设备以保护皮肤与眼睛

Chemicalsplashgogglesorfulllengthfaceshield. Butylgloves,apronandboots. Approvedrespiratorequippedwithorganicvapour catridgesiftherearespills. Ifspillsarebig(morethan20litre),useself-contained breathingapparatus

化学防溅护目镜或全面罩，丁基橡胶手套，围裙与靴子有有机气体泄漏的地方要戴适当的带有有机气体滤盒呼吸器，若有大量泄漏（超过20升），使用自携式呼吸器。

EmergencyAction应急措施

Stopthevehicleandengine.车辆勿进，熄火

Nonakedlights.Nosmoking.无裸露照明灯，禁止吸烟

Markroadsandwarnotherroadusers.道路标示，在其它道路设立警示标牌

Wearprotectiveequipment.戴保护设备

Keeppublicawayfromdangerarea.使人员远离危险区域

Keepupwind.（人员）处于上风口Spillage泄漏

Useappropriatepersonalprotectiveequipment.使用适当个人保护设备

Dikespillwithsand,earthorotherappropriatemeans.用沙子，泥土或其它适当方法筑堤

Absorbwithsandorothernon-combustiblematerialandtransfertocoveredsteeldrumsforrecoveryordisposal.Flushawayremainingtraceswithwater.用沙子或其它不燃物吸收，再转移至有盖铁桶以回收或进一步处理。用水冲洗污染痕迹。

Storage储存

Storeinwell-ventilatedarea.储于良好通风处

Keepcontainertightlyclosed.使容器密闭

Awayfromfoodanddrink.远离实物及饮料Fire消防

Allunprotectedpeopleshouldbefarremovedfromtheareaandupwind.所有没有保护人员须远离此区域并处于上风口

Wearself-containedbreathingapparatus.戴自携式呼吸器FirstAid急救

Ifinhaled,removetofreshair,ifnotbreathing,giveartificialrespiration.Ifbreathingdifficult,giveoxygen.若吸入，移至新鲜空气处。若不呼吸，实施人工急救。如果呼吸困难，给氧

Incaseofskinoreyecontact,washimmediatelywithwaterforatleast15minutes.CallPhysician.假设皮肤或眼睛有接触，用水冲洗15分钟，叫医护人员。KnowingtheChemicalRiskandHazards…了解化学品危险性及危害TaketheNecessaryStepsandSafeguardsToPreventFromGettingHurt采取必要措施与安全装置来阻止（被）伤害It’syour“firstlineofdefense”againstchemicalhazards!这是你防止化学品伤害的第一道防线一直佩戴个人保护设备Yourjobmayrequire你工作中可能需要:

safetyglasseswithsideshields,有侧面罩的安全眼睛

chemicalgoggles,化学护目镜

orafaceshieldormask.面罩或面具

gloves手套

safetyshoesorboots安全鞋或靴子

aprons,coveralls,labcoatsorsuitsanapprovedrespirator-eitherair-purifyingorair-supplying.围裙，防护服，实验服,合适的呼吸器－带滤盒或自供空气UsePPEthatfitsandthat’sappropriateforthehazardsyouface!

使用适当PPE来保护你的脸以免受到伤害InspectPPE检查PPEbeforeandafteruse.Checkfordirt,tearsandscratches.Replaceasneeded.使用前与使用后，检查是否有污渍，破损，划痕，需要时更换MaintainPPEPPE的维护byfollowingthemanufacturer’sinstructionsforaclean,dryareadesignatedforPPE依据供应商的指导，为PPE指定一个清洁干燥的区域.Ifyouwanttohandleflammablessafely,minimizetheirfiredanger.安全地处理易燃品，要将火灾隐患降至最低

安全工作实务C

PPE个人保护设备

Besuretowearproper

protectiveclothingwhenhandlingflammableliquids.

确保在处理可燃液体穿戴合适的防护服

w

SafetyGoggles

安全防护镜

-protecteyesfromsplashingorsprayingliquids,fumes.

保护眼睛以防被泼溅，雾蒸或烟薰安全工作实务w

LongSleevesandPants长袖和长裤

-protectskinfrompossibletoxiceffectsofflammableliquids.

保护皮肤以防可燃液体有毒w

GlovesandSpecialCreams手套和特殊面霜

-protect

handsfromchemicalirritation保护手以防化学刺激w

ProperWorkShoes合适的工作鞋

-giveyoumoresecurefooting,protectfeet.给你更安全的脚步保护安全工作实务NOTE注解:Removeclothingifyouspillorsplashflammableliquidonit.Flushskinwithwaterbeforeputtingonfreshclothing.Checkwithsupervisortofindoutifyoushouldreporttotheinfirmary.若衣服被泼或溅到可燃液体，脱下它，在穿上干净衣服前冲洗你的皮肤。与你主管一起决定你是否需要报告医方（以进一步处理）安全工作实务C

FireExtinguishers灭火器

Knowwhichtypetousefortheflammablesyouhandle:usingthewrongtype(aninthewrongdirection)canspreadthefire.在处置易燃品时需知道哪种灭火器合适：类型用错（指导错误）会助长火势。C

Ventilation通风

Mixandhandleflammablesinwell-ventilatedareas.

在通风良好的地方混料与处理易燃品安全工作实务CMixing混料

Mixflammableswithotherchemicalsonlywhenyou’resurethatit’ssafe.

在确信安全的前提下，再将易燃化学品与其它化学品混合。C

Grounding接地

Usegroundingwireswhenyoutransferflammables(pouringflammablescanproducestaticelectricitythatignitesthevapors).在传送可燃物时使用接地线（流动的易燃物会产生静电，此静电能够点燃可燃物的挥发蒸气。安全工作实务CNoSmoking禁止吸烟

Don’tsmoke,weld,cut,grind,ordoanythingthatproducesheatorsparksaroundflammables.在易燃品周围不要吸烟、电焊、切割、碾磨、或进行任何可产生热/火花的作业。安全工作实务SafeWorkPracticesWhenWorkingWithSolvents

与溶剂打交道时的安全工作实务þKeepyourhandsawayfromyoureyeswhenusingsolvents.

使用溶剂时勿让手碰及眼睛þKnowthelocationofthenearesteyewashstations.Incaseofexposure,flusheyesforatleast15minutestopreventpossiblelossofsight.了解最近洗眼器的位置，万一被溅，冲洗眼睛15分钟以免有可能的失明þUseventilationsystems,fans,fumehoods,andotherengineeringcontrolsthathelptokeepyourexposurewithinsafelimits.使用通风系统，风扇，烟罩，以及其它一些工程控制来帮助你在安全范围内工作。þEvenwithgloveson,don’tputyourhandsintoasolvent.Usethetoolsprovided(awirebucket,tongs)todippartsintothesolvent.即使戴了手套，也不能将手伸进溶液中，使用所提供的一些工具（金属筛，夹具）将东西浸泡在溶液中。þWashyourhandswithsoapandwater(orskincleanser)aftereachshiftandbeforeyoueatorsmoke.每次完成任务后、吃饭或吸烟前要用肥皂和水（或皮肤清洗液）洗手Usethe3ARule:AlwaysAddAcidstowater

(notviceversa)whenmixingthemtoprevent

splashing,heatandboilingover.

使用3A规则：混合时总是加酸到水中（反之不行）以防泼溅、过热和沸腾。Keepyourhandsawayfromyoureyeswhen

workingaroundcorrosives,andknowwhere

thenearesteyewashstationsareinyourworkarea.

在腐蚀物周围工作注意不能让手碰到眼睛，了解工作场所最近的洗眼器位置。SafeWorkPracticesWhenWorkingWithCorrosives

与腐蚀物打交道的安全工作实务

§Replaceyourcanisterorcartridgeasinstructed,anduseanyventilationsystemsorfansprovidedforyoursafety.根据指导更换你的滤毒罐或过滤盒使用任何提供安全的通风系统或风扇§Don’tcutorweldonmetalstillwetwithcorrosive:itmaycauseabreathinghazard.金属上沾着湿的腐蚀物时不要进行切割或焊接。这可能会导致呼吸危害。§Dippartsslowlytopreventsplashes(no“slamdunking”).浸泡物体时要轻放以免溅出。（不要大手大脚）§Mixallcorrosivesslowly.混合时要慢§Washyourhandswithsoapandwater(ormildskincleanser)aftereachshiftandbeforeyoueatorsmoke.

每次完成任务后、吃饭或吸烟前要用肥皂和水（或皮肤清洗液）洗手FollowSAFEWORKPRACTICES!跟踪安全工作实务StoringandDisposingofChemicals化学品存储与处理Useonlyapprovedcontainers只使用被核准的容器fortransportingorstoringchemicals.Makesurethey’relabeledproperly.为了运输或存储化学品，需确认它们被贴上合适的标签Storechemicalsinapproved,ventilatedareas在通风处存储经核准的化学品-awayfromheat,moistureandsunlight.远离热量，潮湿及光线Closecontainersimmediately随手盖紧容器afteruse.使用后Don’tblockventilationductsorpipes不要堵塞通风道或通风管withchemicalcontainers给予化学容器通风ChecktheMSDS检查MSDStofindoutifit’ssafetostorespecificchemicalsnexttoeachother.每次找出是否能安全存储下一个其它化学品Disposeofchemicalssafely安全处理化学品accordingtoapprovedproceduresonly.只能根据经核准了的程序（处理）Dispensehazardousliquidscarefully小心配制有害液体-useapproveddispensingdevicesandnozzles,anddripcansortraysasneeded.使用被许可的配制设备、喷嘴、盛漏桶或托盘，如果需要的话。FollowSAFEWORKPRACTICES!跟踪安全工作实务Don’trelyonyoursenseofsmell不要依赖嗅觉totellyouifairbornechemicalsaredangerous.来辨别空气里的化学品是否