2023年全国7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读一试题

全国7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题请将答案填在答题纸对应位置上，所有题目用英文作答(翻译题除外)1.CarefulReading.(40points,2pointsforeach)PassageOneQuestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theappealofadvertisingtobuyingmotivescanhavebothnegativeandpositiveeffects.Consumersmaybeconvincedtobuyaproductofpoorqualityorhighpricebecauseofanadvertisement.Forexample,someadvertisershaveappealedtopeople’sdesireforbetterfueleconomyfortheircarsbyadvertisingautomotiveproductsthatimprovegasolinemileage.Someoftheproductswork.Othersareworthlessandawasteofconsumers’money.Sometimesadvertisingisintentionallymisleading.Afewyearsago,abrandofbreadwasofferedtodieterswiththemessagethattherewerefewercaloriesineveryslice.Itturnedoutthatthebreadwasnotdietetic(适合于节食旳),butjustregularbread.Therewerefewercaloriesbecauseitwasslicedverythin,buttherewerethesamenumberofcaloriesineveryloaf.Onthepositiveside,emotionalappealsmayrespondtoaconsumer’srealconcerns.Considerfireinsurance.Fireinsurancemaybesoldbyappealingtofearofloss.Butfearoflossistherealreasonforfireinsurance.Thesecurityofknowingthatpropertyisprotectedbyinsurancemakesthepurchaseoffireinsuranceaworthwhileinvestmentformostpeople.Ifconsumersconsiderthequalityoftheinsuranceplansaswellasthemessageintheads,theywillbenefitfromtheadvertising.EachConsumermustevaluateherorhisownsituation．Arethebenefitsoftheproductimportantenoughtojustifybuyingit?Advertisingisintendedtoappealtoconsumers．butitdoesnotforcethemtobuytheproduct．Consumersstillcontrolthefinalbuyingdecision．1.Advertisingcanpersuadetheconsumertobuyworthlessproductsby________.A.stressingtheirhighqualityB.convincinghimoftheirlowpriceC.maintainingabalancebetweenqualityandpriceD.appealingtohisbuyingmotives2.Thereasonwhythebreadadvertisementismisleadingisthat______.A.thinslicesofbreadcouldcontainmorecaloriesB.theloafwascutintoregularslicesC.thebreadwasnotgenuinebreadD.thetotalnumberofcaloriesintheloafremainedthesame3.Accordingtothepassage，which0fthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Sometimesadvertisementsreallysellwhattheconsumerneeds.B.Advertisementsoccasionallyforceconsumersintobuyingthingstheydon’tneed.C.Thebuyingmotivesofconsumersarecontrolledbyadvertisements.D.Fireinsuranceisseldomaworthwhileinvestment.4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatasmartconsumershould______.A.thinkcarefullyaboutthebenefitsdescribedintheadvertisementsB.guardagainstthedeceivingnatureofadvertisementsC.befamiliarwithvariousadvertisingstrategiesD.avoidbuyingproductsthathavestrongemotionalappeal5.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.howtomakeawisebuyingdecisionB.waystoprotecttheinterestsoftheconsumerC.thepositiveandnegativeaspectsofadvertisingD.thefunctionofadvertisementsinpromotingsalesPassageTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Americansareproudoftheirvarietyandindividuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform,whetheritistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral.WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStates?Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilian(百姓旳)clothes.Peoplehavebecomeconditionedtoexpectsuperiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.Thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsauniformtendstoinspiremoretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes.Faithintheskillofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,abarber,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentitythantostepoutofuniform?Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.Theysaveonotherclothes.Theysaveonlaundrybills.Theyaretax-deductible(可减税旳).Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmoredurablethancivilianclothes.Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticulartypeisgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.Whenpeoplelookalike,theytendtothink,speak,andactsimilarly,onthejobatleast.Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.Thoughtheyarelong-lasting,oftentheirinitialexpenseisgreaterthancostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.6.ItissurprisingthatAmericanswhoworshipvarietyandindividuality____.A.enjoyhavingaprofessionalidentityB.stilljudgeamanbyhisclothesC.holdtheuniforminsuchhighregardD.respectanelevatoroperatorasmuchasageneralinuniform7.Peopleareaccustomedtothinkingthatamaninuniform______.A.appearstobemorepracticalB.suggestsqualityworkC.discardshissocialidentityD.lookssuperiortoapersonincivilianclothes8.Thechieffunctionofauniformisto______.A.providethewearerwithaprofessionalidentityB.inspirethewearer’sconfidenceinhimselfC.providepracticalbenefitstothewearerD.makethewearercatchthepubliceye9.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewearinguniforms______.A.tendtolosetheirindividuality B.areusuallyhelpfulC.looklikegenerals D.havelittleornoindividualfreedom10.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe______.A.UniformsandSocietyB.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofUniformsC.TheImportanceofWearingaUniformD.PracticalBenefitsofWearingaUniformPassageThreeQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Britishnewspaperscanbeclassifiedintogroupsaccordingtovariouscriteria,suchasareaofdistribution,sizeofsales,socioeconomicclassoftheirreaders,days(andtimes)ofpublication,andpoliticalbias.Eachofthesedifferentcriteriawillleadtomoreorlessdifferentgroupings.Withregardtotheareaofdistributionafairlycleardistinctioncanbemadebetweennationalpapersandlocalpapers.Thenational,e.g.TheTimes,DailyMirrorandSundayExpress,arereadilyobtainableinvirtuallyallpartsoftheUnitedKingdomatthesametime.Ontheotherhand,localpapers,e.g.YorkshirePostorLiverpoolEcho,serveaparticulararea,andoutsidethatareamustbespeciallyordered.Asregardsthesalesfigures,wemustrecognizethatthereisnoclearlinethatwilldistinguishbetweenlargeandsmallsales.However,wemakeasomewhatarbitrarydistinctionhere,partlybasedoncopiessold,butalsoinfluencedbythetypeofcontentofthepapers.Thisseparatestheso-called“popular”papersfromthe“quality”papers:the“qualities”,likeSundayTimesorFinancialTimes,tendtohavelarger,moreseriousarticlesthanthe“populars”,suchasThePeopleorNewsoftheWorld.Regardingthesocioeconomicclassofthereaders,aclassificationontheselineswilltoalargeextentreflecttheabovedistinctionintoqualityandpopular.Thisisbecausethequalitypapersaremostlyintendedfortheupperincomegroups,whilethepopularpapersfindtheirreadersamongthelowersocioeconomicgroups.Thus,areaderofTheObserverorFinancialTimes,whicharequalitypapers,islikelytobeaneducatedpersonwithquiteagoodincome,whileareaderofDailyMailorTheSunismorelikelytobealesswell-educatedpersonwithalowerincome.Astothedaysofpublication,mostBritishpapersareeitherso-called“dailypapers”,(whichintactdonotappearonSundays),e.g.TheGuardianorTheScotsman,orSundaypapers,likeSundayTimesorNewsoftheworld.Localpaperswithsmallcirculations,however,mightappearonlyonceortwiceaweek,orevenlessfrequently,dependingonthedemandforthem.Concerningthetimeofpublication,thevastmajorityaremorningpapers,i.e.theygoonsaleearlyinthemorning,whiletheminorityaretheso-called“evening”papers,whosesalesmightstartasearlyasmidday,andthencontinueuntiltheevening.11.AccordingtovariouscriteriaBritishnewspaperscanbeclassifiedinto______.A.nationalpapersandlocalpapers B.“qualities”and“populars”C.morningpapersandeveningpapers D.alloftheabove12.TheTimes,DailyMirror,andSundayExpressarereadilyobtainableinvirtuallyallpartsoftheUKatthesametime.Therefore,theyare______.A.so-called“dailypaper” B.nationalpapersC.popularpapers D.localpapers13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.The“'quality”paperstendtohavelarge,moreseriousarticlesthanthe“populars”.B.The“popular”papershavelargersales.C.The“quality”papersfindtheirreadersamongtheupperincomegroups.D.Areaderofthe“qualities”islikelytobealesswell-educatedpersonwithalowerincome.14.Astothedaysofpublication,Britishdailypapersappear______.A.onlyonSundays B.onlyonceortwiceaweekC.everydayexceptonSundays D.everyday15.Salesoftheso-called“evening”papersmightstart______.A.earlyinthemorning B.asearlyasnoonC.intheevening D.atmidnightPassageFourQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofthesameage.Forthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothosedifferences.Althoughwefocusontheneedsofexceptionalchildren,wefindourselvesdescribingtheirenvironmentaswell.Whiletheleadingactoronthestagecapturesourattention,weareawareoftheimportanceofthesupposingplayersandthesceneryoftheplayitself.Boththefamilyandthesocietyinwhichexceptionalchildrenliveareoftenthekeytotheirgrowthanddevelopment.Anditisinthepublicschoolsthatwefindthefullexpressionofsociety’sunderstanding—theknowledge,hopes,andfearsthatarepassedontothenextgeneration.Educationinanysocietyisaminorofthatsociety.Inthatmirrorwecanseethestrengths,theweaknessesandthecultureitself.Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheircapabilities.“Allmenarecreatedequal.”We’vehearditmanytimes,butitstillhasimportantmeaningforeducationinademocraticsociety.Althoughthephrasewasusedbythiscountry’sfounderstodenoteequalitybeforethecaw,ithasalsobeeninterpretedtomeanequalityofopportunity.Thatconceptimplieseducationalopportunityforallchildren—therightofeachchildtoreceivehelpinlearningtothelimitsofhisorhercapacity,whetherthatcapacitybesmallorgreat.Recentcourtdecisionshaveconfirmedtherightofallchildren—disabledornot—toanappropriateeducation,andhaveorderedthatpublicschoolstakethenecessarystepstoprovidethateducation.Inresponse,schoolsaremodifyingtheirprograms,adaptinginstructiontochildrenwhoareexceptional,tothosewhocannotprofitsubstantiallyfromregularprograms.16.Inparagraph2,theauthorcitestheexampleoftheleadingactoronthestagetoshowthatA.thegrowthofexceptionalchildrenhasmuchtodowiththeirfamilyandthesocietyB.exceptionalchildrenaremoreinfluencedbytheirfamiliesthannormalchildrenareC.exceptionalchildrenarethekeyinterestofthefamilyandsocietyD.theneedsofthesocietyweighmuchheavierthantheneedsoftheexceptionalchildren17.Thereasonthattheexceptionalchildrenreceivesomuchconcernineducationisthat_______.A.theyareexpectedtobeleadersofthesocietyB.theymightbecomeaburdenofthesocietyC.theyshouldfullydeveloptheirpotentialD.disabledchildrendeservespecialconsideration18.Theword“denote”inthefourthparagraphmostprobablymeans_______.A.translate B.indicateC.blame D.ignore19.Thispassagemainlydealswith____A.thedifferencesofchildrenintheirlearningcapabilitiesB.thedefinitionofexceptionalchildreninmodernsocietyC.thespecialeducationalprogramsforexceptionalchildrenD.thenecessityofadaptingeducationtoexceptionalchildren20.Fromthispassagewelearnthattheeducationalconcernforexceptionalchildren_______.A.isnowenjoyinglegalsupportB.disagreeswiththetraditionofthecountryC.wasclearlystatedbythecountry’sfoundersD.willexertgreatinfluenceovercourtdecisionsII.SpeedReading.(10points,1pointforeach)PassageFiveQuestions21-25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thehumanthumbmademan.Itsdevelopmentwasasimportantaneventinman’sgrowthashissuccessinlearningtowalkupright.Thethumbshapedthehumanhand.Withoutit,manmightnothavesurvived.Luckily,thehanddevelopedonlyonethumb.Twothumbsononehandwouldbelikehavingtwoormorecooksinasmallkitchen.Theywouldgetineachother’sway.AsoneEnglishwritersaidalmost500yearsago,“Ah,eachfingertodayisathumb,Ithink.”Thatishowwestilldescribeamanwhocannotgetanythingright.Wesayheis“allthumbs”.Therearedayswhenthishappenstoallofus,dayswheneverythingwedoseemstogowrong.Wecannotevengettherightshoeson.Thetypistcannothittherightkey.Thecarpenter’shammermissesthenailandhitshisfinger.Nothingcanbedonebutthrowupone’shandsandmoan(悲叹),“God,Iamallthumbstoday!”Clearly,thehandcanhavejustonemaster—thethumb.Itgivesthehandafreedomandcontrolofmovementthatarebeautifultosee.Thiscanbeseeninoldsculpturesandstonecarvings.Wehaveaspecialphrasetoexpressthismasteryofthethumb.Whenoneisruledbyanother,completelycontrolledbyhim,wesaythepersonis“undertheother’sthumb”.Asickman,forexample,oftenfindshimself“underhisdoctor’sthumb”.Tenantshaveoftencomplainedaboutbeing“underthethumbofthelandlord”.Therewasatime,verylongago,whensuchtenantsmightinanger“bitetheirthumbs”atthelandlord.Suchagesturewasaninsultthatcouldnotbeacceptedlightly.Peoplenolongerdothis.Buttheydosomethingaschildishandasoffensiveandugly.They“thumbtheirnoses”atsomebodytheywanttodefyorinsult.21.Ifapersonhastwoormorethumbsononehand,hewould______.A.domorethings B.havealotoftroubleC.workastwoormorecooks D.becomeawriter22.Without______manmightnothavesurvived.A.thecook B.thethumbC.thefinger D.thewriter23.Whenapersonsays“Iamallthumbstoday”,hemeansthat_______.A.hecan’tgettherightshoesonB.hishammermissesthenailandhitshisfingerC.hedoeseverythingsmoothlyD.hecan’tgeteverythingright24.Whenapersoniscompletelycontrolledbyanotherperson,_______.A.wesaythatheis“allthumbs”B.wesaythathehas“agreatthumb”C..wesaythatheis“undertheother’sthumb”D.heturnsthumbdownonhim25.Whenyouwanttoinsultsomeone,youcan_______.A.putyourthumbonyournose B.waveyourthumbathimC.puthimunderyourthumb D.donothingwithyourthumbPassageSixQuestions26-30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Wheredidthemoviesbegin?ItisoftensaidthattheyareanAmericaninvention,butthisisnotentirelytrue.Themotionpicturehasbeenthemostinternationalofartsbeforethedawnofthe20thcentury.Soonafter1889,whenthefamousAmericaninventorThomasEdisonfirstshowedmotionpicturesthroughadevicecalledthekinetoscope,otherdevicesforthesamepurposeappearedallovertheworld.OneotherimportantcontributionbyEdisonwastheintroductionof35mmastheinternationalstandardfilmwidth.Whenitbecamepossibletouseany35mmmachineforshowingmoviesfromanypartoftheworld,theinternationaltradingoffilmscouldbegin.Duringthefirstyears,therewerenospecialmovietheaters.Filmswereoftenshowninbuildingswhichhadformerlybeenstores.InAmerica,thesebecameknownasnickelodeonsbecauseeachmemberoftheaudiencepaidanickel(fivecents)towatchthemovie.Atfirst,moviespleasedpeoplejustbecausetheexperienceofwatchingthemwasnew.Intheblackandwhiteshadows,onecouldseelarger-than-lifeimagesofrealityandtheymoved!Butimagesalonecannotkeeppeopleinterestedforever.ThencamerasweretakentoSouthAfricaandCubatophotographwarsinaction.Prizefightswerefilmed,andsowerereligiousprocessions.Butnoneoftheseattractionscouldpleasethecrowdsforlong.Whatgavethemoviesthepossibilityofbecominganartformwastheintroductionofnarrative.Someonerealizedthatafilmcouldtellastory.EdwinS.PorterwasadirectorandcameramanforThomasEdison’scompany.Headvancedtheartofthefilmbyagiantstepwhen,in1903,heproducedTheGreatTrainRobbery.Althoughthisaccountofamailrobberyandthepursuitoftherobberswasverysimple,itrequiredthefilmingofseveraldifferentlocations.Theresultwasafilmthatnotonlyshiftedfreelyfromplacetoplacebutevenenabledviewerstoseetwoactionsthatoccurredatthesametime.Theywatchedtherobbersescapeandthensawthepursuersgatheringforthepursuit.Withinthisbrief,eight-minutemovielaytheseedsofatrueartform.In1908,Biograph,asmallfilmcompanyinNewYork,employedamanwhowastobecomethefirsttruegeniusofmotionpictures.HewasD.W.Griffith,anunsuccessfulactorandwriterofplays,whohadworkedbrieflyforPorter.Griffithpreferredwritingtoacting,butatBiographheworkedasawriter,anactorandadirector.Inlessthanfiveyears,hedirectedalmost300pictures,raisedBiographtoaleadingpositionamongfilmcompanies,andlaidthefoundationsformodernfilmart.26.ThefirstmotionpictureswereshownbyThomasEdisonin_______.A.1889 B.1903C.1907 D.190827._______madetheinternationaltradingoffilmspossible.A.TheuseofnickelsB.MovietheatersC.Theintroductionof35mmastheinternationalstandardfilmwidthD.Adevicecalledthekinetoscope28._______madeitpossibleforfilmstobecomeanartform.A.Larger-than-lifeimagesofrealityB.ThefactthatwarswerefilmedC.Prizefight D.Theintroductionofnarrative29.ThewritersaidthatPorteradvancedtheartofthefilmbyagiantstepinproducingTheGreatTrainRobbery.Thisisprobablybecausethefilm_______.A.hadatitlewhichhadatremendouseffectB.wasthelongestatthattimeC.wasproducedbyadirectorD.requiredthefilmingofseveraldifferentlocations30._______isregardedasthefirsttruegeniusofmotionpicture.A.Edison B.PorterC.Griffith D.BiographIlI.DiscourseCloze.(10points,1pointforeach)Directions:Thefollowingpassageistakenfromthetextbook.Readthepassageandfillinthenumberedspaces(therearemoresuggestedanswersthannecessary).WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.WORLDWARII,thenamecommonlygiventotheglobalconflictof1939-1945.Itwasthegreatestandmostdestructivewarinhistory.31._______,WorldWarIIincludedgiganticstrugglesnotonlyinEuropebutinAsia,Africa,andthefar-flung(广泛旳,漫长旳)islandsofthePacificaswell.Morethan17millionmembersofthearmedforcesofthevariousbelligerents(交战国)perishedduringtheconflict.Itsconductstrainedtheeconomiccapabilitiesofthemajornationsandleftmanycountriesontheedgeofcollapse.AttheendofWorldWarIthevictoriousnationsformedtheLeagueofNationsforthepurposeofairinginternationaldisputes,andofmobilizingitsmembersforacollectiveefforttokeepthepeaceintheeventofaggressionbyanynationagainstanotherorofabreach(对法律、义务等旳违犯)ofthepeacetreaties.TheUnitedStates,imbued(鼓吹)withisolationism,didnotbecomeamember.TheLeaguefailedinitsfirsttest.In1931theJapanese,usingasanexcusetheexplosionofasmallbombunderasectionoftrackoftheSouthManchuriaRailroad(overwhichtheyhadvirtualcontrol),initiatedmilitaryoperationsdesignedtoconquerallofManchuria.32._______Thereupon,JapanresignedfromtheLeague.Meanwhile,ManchuriahadbeenoverrunandtransformedintoaJapanesepuppetstateunderthenameofManchukuo.33._______.In1933also,AdolfHitlercametopowerasdictatorofGermanyandbegantorearmthecountryincontravention(违反，违反)oftheprovisionsoftheTreatyofVersailles.34.___.ThatyeartheItaliandictatorBenitoMussolinibeganhislong-contemplatedinvasionofEthiopia,whichhedesiredasaneconomiccolony.35._______.BritishandFrencheffortstoeffectacompromisesettlementfailed,andEthiopiawascompletelyoccupiedbytheItaliansin1936.AlarmedbyGermanrearmament,FrancesoughtanalliancewiththeUSSR.UnderthepretextthatthisendangeredGermany,HitlerremilitarizedtheRhinelandin1936.36._______.Emboldenedbythissuccess,HitlerintensifiedhiscampaignforLebensraum(spaceforliving)fortheGermanpeople.37._______.InSeptember,asHitlerincreasedhisdemandsontheCzechsandwarseemedimminent,theBritishandFrencharrangedaconferencewithHitlerandMussolini.AttheMunichConferencetheyagreedtoGermanoccupationoftheSudetenland,Hitler’sassertedlastclaim,inthehopeofmaintainingpeace.Thishopewasshortlived,forinMarch1939,HitlertookovertherestofCzechoslovakiaandseizedtheformerGermanportofMemelfromLithuania.TherefolloweddemandsonPolandwithregardtoDanzig(波兰港口)andthePolishCorridor.38._______.Aftersurprisingtheworldwiththeannouncementofanonaggressionpact(公约)withhisswornfoe,theSovietUnion,hesenthisarmiesacrossthePolishborderonSept.1,1939.39._______.AstheGermansdevastatedPoland,theRussiansmovedintotheeasternpartofthecountryandbegantheprocessthatwastoleadtotheabsorptionin1940ofLatvia,Estonia,andLithuania.TheyalsomadedemandsonFinland.40._______.Meanwhile,JapanhadundertakenmilitaryoperationsforthesubjugationofChinaproper,andwasmakingpreparationsfortheexpansionofitsempireintoSoutheastAsiaandtherichislandgroupsoftheSouthwestPacific.Mussoliniwatchedtheprogressofhisfellowdictator,Hitler,whilepreparingtojoininthewaratafavorablemoment.(FromTheWorldWarIIinBrief)A.TheLeaguevotedminorsanctions(制裁)againstItaly,butthesehadslightpracticaleffectB.HedenouncedtheprovisionsofthattreatythatlimitedGermanarmamentandin1935reinstitutedcompulsorymilitaryserviceC.WhereasmilitaryoperationsinWorldWarIwereconductedprimarilyontheEuropeancontinentD.Heforciblyannexed(吞并)AustriainMarch1938,andthen,chargingabuseofGermanminorities,threatenedCzechoslovakiaE.Becauseofalackofresources,AlliedstrategyhadenvisionedthepriordefeatofGermanywhileremainingonthedefensiveagainsttheJapaneseF.Afterreceivingthereportofitscommissionofinquiry,theLeagueadoptedaresolutionin1933callingontheJapanesetowithdrawG.ThePolesremainedadamant(顽强旳，坚决旳),anditbecamecleartoHitlerthathecouldattainhisobjectivesonlybyforceH.Beset(缠扰)byfrictionanddissension(冲突，纠纷)amongitsmembers,theLeaguetooknofurtheractionI.BritainandFrance,pledgedtosupportPolandintheeventofaggression,declaredwaronGermanytwodayslaterJ.Itwasadangerousventure,forBritainandFrancecouldhaveoverwhelmedGermany,but,resolvedtokeepthepeace,theytooknoactionK.Therecalcitrant(顽抗旳)FinnsweresubduedintheWinterWarof1939-1940,butonlyafterdealingtheRussiansseveralhumiliatingmilitaryreversesL.War’sendfoundtheUnitedStatesandtheUSSRthetwogreatestpowersintheworldIV.WordFormations.(10points,1pointforeach)Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformofthewordinthebrackets.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.41.(significant) Itisawasteoftimetolistentohis______talk.42.(astonish) Iwas______atthenewsofhisescape.43.(bankruptcy) Ourbusinessisatthecrossing.Ifthisdealdoesnotsucceed,weshall be______.44.(vain) Beforetheyfledthecountry,theenemy______attemptedtodestroyallthe factories.45.(extinct) Hismovieofthe______ofdinosaurswasagreatsuccess.46.(exist) Inherspeech,theMinistercameoutagainstanychangetothe______law.47.(patient) Thenursehasbeencriticizedforthethirdtimeforsheisalways______with herpatients.48.(mystery) Therearemany______storiesabouttheEgyptianpyramids.49.(valid) Thistickethaspasseditsexpirationdate,andsoitisnow______.50.(deprivation) Ifyoudrivetoofast,thepolicewill______youofyourlicence.V.GapFilling.(10points,1pointforeach)Directions:Thefollowingpassageistakenfromthetextbook.Fillinthenumberedgapswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesinthebox(therearemorewordsthannecessary).WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.forcesteadydependentableuniteamongholdcallapproveapplyremarkablywithturnBeforethewarended,thesethirteenstatesrealizedthattheywouldneedtoworktogetherinpeacetimeastheyhadbeen51.______todoinwartime.In1782theyputintoeffectaplanfor52.______underafederalsystem.Thismeantthateachofthestateswouldremain53.______inmanywaysbutwouldjoinwiththeothersinagovernmentthatwouldbeabletodothingsthatindividualstatescouldnotdobythemselveswithsuccess.Unfortunatelythisplandidnotprovideforafederalgovernmentstrongenoughto54.______ittodowhatneededtobedone.Thisbecameclearafterafewyearsofexperience.In1786acallwentouttoallthestatesinvitingthemtosenddelegatestoameetingtobeheldinPhiladelphiainthespringof1787.ThismeetingwastheConstitutionalConvention,agreat55.________pointinAmericanhistory.NomoreimportantmeetinghaseverbeenheldinAmerica.Toitcamefifty-fivemen,56.______themsomeofthemostfamousmeninourhistory.TheyincludedGeorgeWashingtonwhopresidedovertheconvention,BenjaminFranklin,JamesMadison,andAlexanderHamilton.Theyworked57.______andinsecretfromMaywellintoSeptemberandadjournedonlyaftertheyhadwrittenanew