电子商务英语unit03

电子商务英语课件制作人：张海波Objective8PassageA@ActivitiesOnPassageA@BasicE-commerceWriting&RelatedReading8PassageB@ActivitiesOnPassageB:Workonline

ContentsUnit3学习目标Objective:Inthisunit,youwilllearn:TheissuesneedtoknowintheapplicationofE-CommerceTheB2CapplicationflowmodelBenefitsandlossesoccurredintheapplicationofE-commerceBasicE-commerceEnglishWriting

Focus:UseE-commercewiselyandtakeadvantageofit.

Nodus:HowtoavoidthenegativeeffectbroughtbyE-commerce

TheSocialEffectCausedByElectronicCommercePassageA参考译文注释与翻译板电子商务往往通过网络把企业与顾客，雇员，供应商和分销商直接联系起来，并籍此获得市场先机，扩大顾客和供应商群体，提高效率并减少开支。

4注解：电子商务将传统的商务流程电子化、数字化，一方面以电子流代替了实物流，可以大量减少人力、物力，降低了成本；另一方面突破了时间和空间的限制，使得交易活动可以在任何时间、任何地点进行，从而大大提高了效率。

Ane-commerceconnectscriticalbusinesssystemsdirectlytocustomers,employees,suppliers,anddistributorsviatheWebtoimprovetimetomarket,accessabroaderbaseofcustomersandsuppliers,improveefficiency,andreducecosts.Toachievethesebenefits,existingbusinessesmusttransformtheirtraditionalbusinessprocesseswithe-commerceapplications.Newbusinesses,sometimescalled“NetGens,”canadopte-commerceapplicationsfromthebeginningtoachievethesamebenefits.Toallowe-commercetoreapthedesiredbenefits,e-commerceapplicationsmustmeetsomefundamentalrequirements;theymustbe:

NetGens(shortforNetworkGeneration),implyingthattheywerethenew,network-basedgenerationofsoftware网络情报toobtain12为了使电子商务获取这些所祈望的利益，电子商务的应用必须满足一些最基本的要求。4注解：以一个简单的定单交易为例，其中包括了定单内容的传递和对定单的处理。前者属于数据交换，后者属于流程交易。当买方企业把定单用基于XML的格式传给了其供应商，那么它们之间就完成了定单的数据交换。接下来，买方企业和供应商之间对定单的应答过程构成了定单的流程交易。如果供应商对定单的处理流程跟买方企业的一样，那么流程对话完成，交易实现。然而，事实上，大部分企业间的流程规定是不一样的。如果供应商系统中约定一段时间内的不回复表示拒绝，显然，这庄交易肯定不能做成功。在这种情况下，买方企业与供应商之间为了实现交易，就必须彼此沟通，通过利益均衡，定出一个折中的可行的标准接口流程。在互联网时代，企业所面对的客户和供应商已经不再仅仅局限于本地有限的几个，而是散布在世界各地的数目可观的一批。如果说原来企业间交易可以通过专门开发的接口，那么面对数量众多的异构商务平台，在实时性要求相当苛刻的现在，专用接口已经不能胜任，建立一个基于XML数据交换标准的、描述企业间商务流程交易的标准框架体系已经成为必需。

第二页PassageA注释与翻译板1.Standards-basedtoensureportabilityofe-commerceapplicationsacrossmultipleclientandserverplatformsandimproveflexibilityandtimetomarket2.Server-centrictoallowe-commerceapplicationstobedevelopedanddeployedquickly,expandaccesstoabroadrangeofclienttypes,andofferimprovedmanagementanddeploymentcapabilitiescharacteristicofmoderne-commerceapplications3.Scalabletoallowe-commerceapplicationstohandlethehighlyvariableandunpredictableloadsintoday'sWebenvironment4.AvailabletoaddresstheglobalnatureoftheWebrequiringthate-commerceapplicationsrun24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek,withguaranteedqualityofserviceTheabilitytoimportandexportdatabetweensystemsToputintouseoractionThisisanattributivephrasemodifyingthenoun“deploymentcapabilities”andequalsto“whicharecharacteristicofmoderne-commerceapplicationsTheabilityforawebsitetogrowwithouttheneedforatotalredesign.可升级的tomeetwithThisisanobjectiveclausePassageA注释与翻译板5.Securetoaddresscustomers',suppliers',andotherconstituents'demandsforsecureWebinteractions,inrecognitionofthepotentialrisksofdoingbusinessontheWeb6.Easytodevelopanddeploytoachievelowercostsandfastertimetomarket,bothcriticalsuccessfactorsforanybusiness7.Manageabletoachievelowermaintenancecostsandcontributetohigheravailability8.Abletoleverageandextendexistingassetstoimprovetimetomarketandreducecostofdevelopmentanddeployment,whileimprovingsecurity,reliability,andscalability.Identify;distinguishMakefulluseofproperty资产TheapplicationofelectroniccommercecanbeillustratedinFigure3.1:Ordermanagementsystem①Shoppingcart②Orderprocessing③Confirmorder④EntrytodatabaseShopfrontManagementSystem①Customermanagement②Customerdatabase③Salespromotion④SalesreportOnlineShopping①Browsecatalogue②Orderinquiry③SSLencryption④Registereduser⑤NewsletterupdateBrowserConsumerBrowserLogisticsCompany①Receiveorders②Delivergoods③CollectpaymentFinancialInstitution①Verification(vendor’sandconsumer’s)②Onlinepayment③OnlinebankingBusinessBusinesswebsite(ThirdPartyHosted)Internet

4注解：SSL(安全套接层)是

SecureSocketLayer

的首字字母缩写，是一种加密的通讯协定,用在使用者与网络服务器之间。SSL(SecureSocketLayerProtocol)网络资料传输的安全协定，是由著名的Internet先驱NetscapeCommunication提出的针对数据的隐秘性/完整性/身份的确认/开放性的安全标准机制。Netscape公司已经把SSL协议递交给W3C网络安全工作小组以便使之成为万维网应用的安全标准。尽管使SSL协议成为标准还需要一段时间，但SSL协议事实上已被大部分万维网软件生产商所采用。SSL协议能很好地解决身份验证、信息保密、信息完整等网络信息传输过程中最为关键的安全保密问题。

Aconfirmationoftruthorauthority.

核实，核查对真理或权力的确认课文学习完毕@ActivitiesOnPassageA3.3.1Criticalthinking1)WillECbelimitedbecausenotmanypeoplecanaffordPCsand/oraccesstotheInternet?2)Whatisyourconcernifyouwanttoinitiateatransactiononline?3)CanyoudescribetheapplicationflowofB2Cmodel?4)WhatistheapplicationflowofB2Bmodeltoyou?5)Whatarethenecessarymeasurestoensureinternetsafetyandprivacy?GivetheChineseequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:3.3.2Translationpractice1)SSLencryption2)server-centric3)orderenquiry4)maintenancecosts5)shopfrontmanagementsystem6)verification7)improveefficiency8)reducecosts9)consumerprivacy10)governmentregulationSSL加密（技术）以服务器为中心的订单咨询

维修费用店面管理系统

认证

提高效率

减低成本消费者隐私

政府监管GivetheEnglishequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:3.3.2Translationpractice1)售后服务2)客户数据库3)订货管理系统4)物流管理5)在线支付6)服务质量保证7)供货商8)在线购物9)网络名录10)安全性和可靠性

after-saleservicecustomerdatabaseordermanagementsystemlogisticsmanagementonlinepaymentguaranteedqualityofservice

vendoronlineshoppingonlinecataloguesecurityandreliabilitySentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

3.3.2Translationpractice1)Consumersfinditverydifficulttobelievethattheirfinancialinformationwillbesafelytransmittedbetweenthemselvesandamerchant.消费者很难相信他们的财务资料能被安全地通过互联网送达商户。2)Itwillrequiretheuseofdigitalsignaturesandencryptiontoensuresecurity.这需要使用数字签名和加密技术来确保安全。

3)Electroniccommerceraiseissuesofsecurity,consumerprivacy,andgovernmentregulation.电子商务在安全，个人隐私和政府监管方面都产生了新问题。

SentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

3.3.2Translationpractice4)TheE-commerceapplicationmustbescalabletoallowe-commerceapplicationstohandlethehighlyvariableandunpredictableloadsintoday'sWebenvironment电子商务应用适应范围应较广，以满足在当今的网络环境下处理多变及不可预料的工作需求。

5)Electroniccommercecouldleadtoimprovementsinbothdevelopednationsanddevelopingnations.发达国家与发展中国家都能从电子商务中受益。

SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish.3.3.2Translationpractice1)消费者足不出户，就能支付账单，开立账户并且清点股票。(opennewaccounts)

Withoutleavinghome,consumerscanpaybills,opennewaccountsandcheckstocks.2)电子商务能让公司降低广告、装运费用及设计和生产的成本。(allow…toreduce)Electroniccommerceallowscompaniestoreduceadvertisingcosts,deliverycostsanddesignandmanufacturingcosts.SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish

3.3.2Translationpractice4)我们可以利用互联网采集各种各样的商品信息。(leverage)WecanleveragetheInternettocollectvariousproductinformation.5)你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗？(connect)Willyouconnectthiswiretothetelevision?End3)他之所以取得成功是他努力的结果。(achievesuccess)Heachievedsuccessbecausehewasahardworker.注释与翻译板DistinguishingFeaturesofE-Commerce

PassageBE-commercehasseveralbenefitsoverthenormalmanualtrade.AsthereachofInternetisvast,theMerchantcansellgoodstoalargernumberofpeople.Moreover,amerchantcanreachacustomerwhoisphysicallytoofaraway.Thecustomer,ontheotherhand,canbuysomethingfromamerchantwhowouldotherwisenothavebeenaccessibletohim.Hehasgotawiderchoice.Moreover,unnecessarydelaysthatareinvolvedinconductingatradelikemovingtotheplacewheretradeisconductedcanbecutshort.Thisalsoreducestheoverheadcostsincertaincases.Takethecaseofanormalauction.Youhavetopayforthepersonconductingtheauctionandtheplacewheretheauctionisbeingheld.Ashereisusedasaconjunction,introducinganadverbialclause.Thewordreachhereisanoun,usedasthesubject,meaningrangeorscopeofinfluenceoreffect.影响力产生影响或效果的范围或领域(Plscomparethereachinthenextsentence,whichmeanstocontact.)拍卖Theoperatingexpensesofabusiness,includingthecostsofrent,utilities,interiordecoration,andtaxes,exclusiveoflaborandmaterials.

管理费用，经常费用企业的管理费用，包括租金、设备、内部装修及缴税等的花销，但不包括工资和购买原料的费用第二页PassageB注释与翻译板参考译文

人们一般不会愿意将有关财务方面的信息提交给互联网，除非他们确信信息不会被未授权者获得。

4注解：beaccessed意思是“被获取”；过去分词短语notauthorizedtogettheinformation修饰someone。However,iftheauctionisconductedontheInternet,youjusthavetopayforthewebapplicationconductingtheauction,whichingeneralwillbetoocheapormightevencomeforfree.Theotheradvantagetothecustomerisround-the-clockavailabilityofgoods/services.Thedemandsofcustomerscanbemetatawkwardhoursforthereisnopersonneededtoconductthetrade.Thesellercanhaveawebapplicationsellinghisgoods.However,therearecertainproblemsrelatedtoE-commercethathasgreatlystalledtheprogressofE-commerce.Themostobviousofthesearethoserelatedtosecurityandprivacy.Peoplewon'tliketogiveinformationovertheInternetrelatedtofinanceunlesstheyareverysurethattheinformationcannotbeaccessedbysomeonenotauthorizedtogettheinformation.

1alldayandallnightwithoutstopping全天候的stop;haltPassageB课文学习完毕

注释与翻译板参考译文4注解：注意anyuniversallyaccepted属于过去分词短语，用作定语，直接放在其修饰的对象solution的前面。

然而，即使到那时，对于那些能够支付昂贵的软件安装费用来解决他们个别的问题的商家而言，安全解决方案仍会受到制约。4注解：主语this指前面所提到的solution；remainrestricted意为“仍然受制约”；定语从句thataremadetosolvetheirindividualproblem修饰先行词protocols。

Anumberofsolutionsarebeingproposedtotakecareofalltheseproblems.Thoughnoneofthemcanbeappliedtoeverysituation,E-commerceissurelycatchingup.Giventhebenefitsitprovides,therelatedproblemsmustbesolved(inacheapandefficientmanner).Thereisnowayout.However,tillthenthiswillremainrestrictedtothemerchantswhocanaffordtopayforinstallationofcostlyprotocolsthataremadetosolvetheirindividualproblem.Moneytransactionhastobedonesecurely.Moreover,sometransactionsdemandanonymityofthecustomer.Alltheseissuesareverycomplicatedandtherehasnotyetbeenanyuniversallyacceptedsolutiontoit.TheotherreasonforpeoplebeingwaryofE-commerceisthatthelegalframeworkforE-commerceisnotproperlydefined.

123假如电子商务有利可图，那么相关问题就必须（以低廉而有效的方式）得到解决。4注解：Given假设的，假使的。例如：△Givengoodweather,ourshipwillreachShanghaiMondayevening.假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。△I'dcomeandseeyouinNewYork,giventhechance.如果有机会,我就到纽约来看你。所有这些问题都非常复杂，而且也还没有得到普遍认可的解决方案。

Thequalityorstateofbeingunknownorunacknowledged.匿名Tospecifydistinctly;Todescribethenatureorbasicqualitiesof;explain规定;解释3.6.1Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsare(T)orfalse(F)3.6Activities@ActivitiesOnPassageB1ConsumersneedtoknowtheirfinancialinformationsecuredbeforetheyarereadytosendoutrelateddataovertheInternet.2Asolutiontothesecurityissueiswidelyacceptedbypeople.3ThelegalframeworkofE-commerceisstillincomplete.4BothmanufacturerandconsumerfindthemselvesawiderchoicebyusingE-commerce.5CustomercanobtaingoodsorservicesthroughInternetatanytime.TFTTT3.6.2MatchtheEnglishontherightwithChineseontheleft1authorizedA隐私和安全2auctionB法律框架

3privacyandsecurityC匿名4legalframeworkD被授权

5anonymityE拍卖EndBasicRequirementsFortheLettersofCommerce@BasicE-commerceWriting3.7.1Well-expressedandclearlanguage明确而清晰的语言Whenyouwriteabusinessletter,youmusttrytosetdownyouraim.Askyourself,whyamIwriting?AndwhatdoIwanttoachieve?Thecleareryouareinyourownmindaboutwhatyouwanttoachieve,thebetteryourletter.Bydoingthis,youhavetolearntopresentthemostrelevantinformationforyourreaders'needs.

3.7.2Helpfulandfriendlywriting有益和善的写作Whenyouwriteabusinessletter,it’sveryimportanttouseatonethatisfriendlyandefficient.Trytogiveapersonalandhumanfeeltoyourwriting,andtrytomakewritingmuchmorereadablesuchasusingI,we,you,your,my,andourinyourwriting.Thisisausefultricktomakewritinglookandsoundmorelikeface-to-facetalk.3.7.3Writeyourbusinessletterinplainlanguage简明扼要的语言Yourbusinesslettermaybeimpressingbecauseyouhaveorganizedthecontenttoappealtothereader'sneeds;youneedtouseprofessionaleditingtechniquestomakesureyouwriteclearlyandconcisely.Don'tstrainyourreader'sconcentrationwithlongsentences.3.7.4Useactiveverbs使用生动的动词Trytowritethesentencewithstrong,activeverbs.Thiswillpresentyouasactive,andgiveasensethatthewriterisincontrolandisdynamicallyinvolvedwiththesubjectbeingdiscussed.3.7.5Positiveandseriousattitude积极认真的态度Thequalityofpositivenesswouldgiveyourwritingmuchmoreimpactandisacommontechniqueinmarketingandadvertisingmaterial.Marketingpeopleusethistechniquetoputinformationacrossclearlyandtogivetheirwritingimpact.

Keepingyourletterseriouscanavoidsuspicion,evenwithsomeoneyouknowwell,itisbettertowritestraightforwardlyonthesubject.3.7.6Establishingnecessarybusinessrelations建立必要的商务关系Establishingbusinessrelationsisthefirststepinatransactionforeigntrade.Italwaysincludestheself-introduction,initialintentionsanddesires.Thisshouldbeabrief,friendlyletter.Itshouldnotimplythatyourreaderhasanobligationtomeetwiththecontact,butitdoesshowyourinterestandconsideration.Yourreadermustretaintheoptionofactingonthisinformationbasedonhisorherownneedsanddesires.Thisisnotaletterofreference,soincludeonlyinformationrelevanttotheoccasion.Forexample:3.7.7Sample1

DearSirsLearningfromtheCommercialCounselor’sOfficeofourEmbassyinyourcountrythatyouareoneoftheleadingimportersofcannedfoodstuffs,wehavethepleasureofintroducingourselvestoyouasastatecorporationspecializingintheexportofcannedgoods,andexpressourdesiretoenterintobusinessrelationswithyou.Inordertogiveyouageneralideaofourcannedgoods,wearesendingyoubyseparateairmailacopyofourlatestcatalogue.Quotationsandsampleswillbesenttoyouuponreceiptofyourspecificenquiries.Wearelookingforwardwithinteresttohearingfromyou.YoursfaithfullyDearSirsWewishtoappointanexclusiveagentforourTextbookDivisioninthefollowingterritories:…wouldyoubeinterestedintakingthisagency?Wewishstocktobeheldlocallyandwouldpreferanoutrightpurchaseagreement,butwouldconsiderconsignmentterms.Weenclosepreliminaryinformationabouttheproductdivisioninquestion.Weprovidedetailedsupportforouragencies,includingregularadvanceproductinformationandsharedpromotionalmaterial.Ifyouareinterested,couldyoukindlysendusyourproposalsforhandlingthisproductline,coveringthefollowingmatters:Othercompaniesrepresented;Commercialandfinancialreferences;Summaryofmarketconditionsfortheproductline;Yourorganization,localcoverageandpromotionalactivities;Three-yearsalesoutlookforourproducts;Yoursuggestedtermsofagreement.Welookforwardtohearingfromyouandtodiscussingpossibletermsinmoredetail.Withbestwished.Yourstruly

Encl.:resume3.7.9WritingPractice

1)WritealettertoMessrs.Zhang&Co.withthefollowingparticulars:

End4Yourcompanyestablishedin1950,4Yourcompanyhasbeenexpandingbusinessoperationsaroundtheworldasaleadingexporterandimport

ofbusinessmachines.4Yourlineofbusinessincludes:copyingmachines,typewriter,calculators,printing,etc.4Youwishtohavetheco-operationforeachother.参考答案OutlookExpress&RelatedReadingMicrosoftOutlookExpressputstheworldofonlinecommunicationonyourdesktop.Whetheryouwanttoexchangee-mailwithcolleaguesandfriendsorjoinnewsgroupstotradeideasandinformation,herearewhatyouareenabledtodowithit.1.Ifyouhaveseverale-mailornewsgroupaccounts,youcanworkwithallofthemwithinonewindow.Youcanalsocreatemultipleusers,oridentities,forthesamecomputer.Eachidentityhasuniquee-mailfoldersandanindividualAddressBook.Multipleidentitiesmakeiteasyforyoutokeepworke-mailseparatefrompersonale-mail,andalsotokeepindividualusers'e-mailseparated.2.Usingthemessagelistandpreviewpane,youcanviewalistofmessagesandreadindividualmessagesatthesametime.TheFolderslistcontainse-mailfolders,newsservers,andnewsgroups,andyoucaneasilyswitchamongthem.Youcanalsocreatenewfolderstoorganizeandsortmessages,andthensetupmessagerulessothatincominge-mailthatmeetsyourcriteriaautomaticallygoestoaspecificfolder.Youcanalsocreateyourownviewstocustomizethewayyoulookatyoure-mail.4.YoucansavenamesandaddressesintheAddressBookautomaticallybysimplyreplyingtoamessage.Youcanalsoimportnamesandaddressesfromotherprograms,typethemintotheAddressBook,addthemfrome-mailmessagesyoureceive,oraddthemfromasearchofpopularInternetdirectoryservices(whitepages).TheAddressBooksupportsLightweightDirectoryAccessProtocol(LDAP)forviewingInternetdirectoryservices.3.IfyourInternetserviceprovider(ISP)usesanInternetmessageaccessprotocol(IMAP)e-mailserverforincominge-mail,youcanread,store,andorganizeyourmessagesinfoldersontheserverwithoutdownloadingthemessagestoyourcomputer.Thatway,youcanviewmessagesfromanycomputerthatcanconnecttothatserver5.Youcaninsertessentialinformationintooutgoingmessagesaspartofyourpersonalsignature,andyoucancreatemultiplesignaturestousefordifferentpurposes.Youcanalsoincludeabusinesscardwithmoredetailedinformation.Tomakeyourmessageslookmoreattractive,youcanaddstationerypatternsandbackgrounds,andyoucanchangethecol