高考阅读理解精讲

高考阅读理解精讲武芬阅读题材九大类阅读题型九大类九大题材一、科普知识类二、环境保护类三、社会文化类四、人物传记类五、说理议论类六、新闻报道类七、广告信息类八、逸闻趣事类九、史地常识类一、科普知识类科普知识类短文是一种用通俗易懂的语言，解释种种科学现象和理论的知识性短文。科普知识类短文包括方方面面，如节能减排、防震减灾、全民健身、医疗保健、航天航海、科技发明、社会百科等。二、环境保护类环境保护是热门话题，也是高考的重要方面之一，它包括范围很广，如全球变暖、大气污染、海洋污染、工业污染、水土污染、噪音污染、放射性污染、生态平衡、节约能源、城乡环境问题等。三、社会文化类社会文化类短文是高考重点选材之一，以记叙文和议论文为主，内容涉及社会政治、经济、科学、文化、教育、体育、文明、礼仪、生活习俗等方方面面。四、人物传记类人物传记主要描写某人的生平事迹、生活背景、个性特征、成长经历、奋斗过程、主要成就等，文章包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间先后或事件发展为主线，逻辑线索贯穿全文，可读性强。五、说理议论类说理议论类文章多通过叙述一些现象来阐释生活中的道理，或者直接叙述某些发人深省的生活哲理。文章一般论点鲜明，结构严谨，出题以考查学生对文章的深度理解为主，难度较大。六、新闻报道类新闻具有真实性、时效性和语言简洁的特点。对其考查一般落点在事件的时间、地点、人物、过程、结果及预测事件的影响。考查新闻的主题和标题概括也是一大考点。七、广告信息类广告是现代生活信息交流的重要手段和媒介，此类文章一般文句精炼，信息量大，表达方式多样。考试选材多选取商品广告、商品说明、体育广告、艺术广告、招聘信息、服务介绍等类别的文章。八、逸闻趣事类逸闻趣事类阅读理解多选取古今中外名人的逸闻趣事，社会生活中的罕事趣事，以及街头巷议的奇闻怪论等，侧重趣味性，多考查对文章内容的把握和对文章深层意义的理解。九、史地常识类史地常识类文章一般涉及某一国家、地区、河流、海洋、大山等的介绍以及历史事件、自然地理、风俗人情等方面的介绍，相当一部分文章还附有图表以帮助理解。九大题型一、细节理解题二、推理判断题三、词义猜测题四、句意理解题五、主旨大意题六、标题归纳题七、作者态度题八、事件排序题九、数据计算题一、细节理解题细节理解题旨在考查考生抓文章具体信息的能力，考生在做题时需要找出选项在文章中相对应的信息部分，看两者是否相符即可。二、推理判断题推理判断题考查考生根据文章中给出的信息对选项进行推理、判断以及给出结论的能力。选项在文中没有完全匹配的信息，需要考生进行推断。三、词义猜测题词义猜测题主要考查考生利用上下文判断文中某个单词或短语在特定语言环境中的确切含义的能力。四、句意理解题句意理解题考查考生利用山下文判断某一句子在特定语言环境中的准确含义的能力。五、主旨大意题主旨大意题旨在考查考生对所给短文的主题、中心思想，或者文中某个段落的中心思想的概括能力。六、标题归纳题标题归纳题一般考查对所给短文的最佳标题的概括和选择。七、作者态度题此类题一般考查作者对文中某一问题的态度、观点或全文的基调等。作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在字里行间或流露于文中的修饰词语中，考生应注意把握文中作者的措辞及语气。八、事件排序题此类题一般是给出几个事件，要求按文中叙述对事件排除正确的序列。做这种题时要注意把握关键事件的先后顺序排出正确序列。九、数据计算题计算题涉及到时间、距离、价格、数目、年龄等的数字计算。一类是直接选择，文中给出了具体数字；一类是运算题，答案需要根据文中的叙述通过运算才能得出答案。练习一、科普知识类

Zinc(锌)isoneofabout20elementsnecessaryforgoodhealth.Itispresentinthebodyinaverysmallamount,butitmakesitpossibleforimportantchemicalactionstobecarriedoutincells.Scientistsarejustbeginningtodiscoverhowzincandotherelementswork.Researchersfirststudiedzincasawaytospeedrecovery.Dr.Waltor

Powys,formerlywiththeUnitedStatesAirForce,notedthatthelaboratoryanimalsrecoveredfasterwhensomesubstanceswereaddedtotheirfood.Oneofthesesubstanceswaszinc.Dr.PowyslatertestedthezinctreatmentonanAmericanairmanrecoveringfrommedicaloperations.Theairmanwhoreceivedzincsulphate(硫酸盐)recoveredinonehalftheusualtime.Otherdoctorsstudiedpersonswhohadanumberofstrangedisorders.Thedoctorslearnedthatalloftheseproblemswerecausedbyalackofzincinthebody.Theytreatedthesedisorderssuccessfullybygivingthepatientszincsulphate.Theamountofzincinthebodycanbefoundbyexaminingthebloodandhair.Alackofthisimportantelementisnotuncommonamongpeopleinbothindustrialanddevelopingcountries.Zincisfoundinmosthighproteinfoods,suchasmeat,milk,fishandeggs.Itisalsofoundinwholegrains.Butmanypeopledonoteatenoughofthesefoods.Foodmakersshouldaddtheelementssothatmorepeoplecouldgetneededamountsoftheseessentialsubstances.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Scientistsarejuststartingtostudyhowzincandotherelementswork.B.Peopleonlyneedaverysmallamountofzinctomaintaingoodhealth.C.Zincisimportantbecauseitallowsimportantchemicalactionstotakeplaceincells.D.Alackofzincisrareamongpeopleindevelopedcountries.2.Somehealthexpertssayfoodmakersshouldaddsomeelements________peoplewon'tlacktheseessentialsubstances.A.thereforeB.sinceC.forthepurposethatD.fortheeffectthat3.Thetopicofthispassageis_______.

A.theroleofzinccaliphateB.therelationshipbetweenzincandpeople'shealthC.theamountofzincthatthebodyneedsD.thefoodthatcontainszinc【要点综述】本篇文章为说明文。锌是良好健康所需的20种元素之一。研究表明锌可以加速身体康复的速度，因而建议神品制造商们要添加锌以保证人们获取所需锌的量。1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Alackofthisimportantelementisnotuncommonamongpeopleinbothindustrialanddevelopingcountries.”，可知在工业国家和发展中国家缺少锌都不是罕见的，故选D。2.C【解析】细节理解题。在第三段最后一句内容“Foodmakersshouldaddtheelementssothatmorepeoplecouldgetneededamountsoftheseessentialsubstances.”，可知食品制造商应该添加元素以让更多的人可以获得所需要的这些基本的物质的量，故选C。3.B【解析】标题归纳题。根据文章内容，可知作者通过揭示研究结果，反映锌的重要性以及锌与健康的关系，故选B。练习二、环境保护类

Everytimeyougotothesupermarket,youcomeawaywithyourpurchasesinplasticbags.Butwouldn'titbekindertotheenvironmentifyouaskedforpaperbagsinstead?Theanswerisnottheeasyasitmightseem.Environmentalistssaytherearedrawbackstousingbothplasticbagsandpaperbags.AccordingtotheAmericanPlasticsCouncil,80percentofgroceriesintheUSarepackedinplasticbags.“Thenumbersarebecominghuge.”saidVincentCobb,abusinessmanfromChicagowhosetup“reusable”ontheInternet.Henotesthatconsumersusebetween500billionand1trillionplasticbagsperyearworldwide.Someexpertsbelievethatallthesebagsharmtheenvironment.Plastictakeshundredsofyearstobreakdownand,asitdoesso,poisonousmaterialsarereleasedintothewaterandsoil.Furtherdamageiscausedifplasticbagsenterthesea.Forexample,endangeredseaturtlescannottellthebagsfromjellyfish,theirmainsourceoffood,andoftenchokeonthem.FloatingplasticbagshavebeenspottedasfarnorthastheArcticOceanandasfarsouthasthesouthernendofSouthAmerica.Oneexpertpredictsthat,withintenyears,plasticbagswillwashupinAntarctica!However,thiskindofbagdoeshaveitsadvantages.“Plasticgrocerybagsaresomeofthemostreusedthingsaroundthehouse,”explainedLaurieKusekoftheAmericanPlasticsCouncil.AccordingtotheFilmandBagFederation,atradegroupintheUSplasticsindustry,paperbagsuseenergyandcreatemorewastethanplasticbags.Plasticbagsrequire40percentlessenergytoproduceandcause70percentlessairpollution,thegroupexplained.Theyalsoreleasemuchas94percentlesswasteintothewaterthanpaperones.Butpaperbagsdobreakdownmorequicklythanplasticbags.Theydon'tendangerwildlife,either.Sowhatshouldwedo?Onepossiblesolutionwouldbetousebiodegradable(能被生物分解的)plasticbags.Butuntilbiodegradabletechnologyimproves,itmightbeeasiertopackthingsyoubuyinreusableclothbags.1.Thebesttitleofthepassageis

.A.PaperCausesLessPollutionB.PlasticCausesLessPollutionC.BothpaperandPlasticsArePollutionalD.PaperBagsAreEnvironmental-friendly2.Theunderlinedword“drawbacks”mightmean“

”.A.advantagesB.disadvantagesC.limitsD.flaws3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Papertakeslesstimetobreakdownthanplastic.B.PlasticbagswillbefoundinAntarcticainthefuture.C.Paperbagsrequirelessenergythanplasticbags.D.Reusableclothbagsarepreferredwhenshopping.4.Whatadvantagesdothepaperbagshaveoverplasticbags?A.Paperbagstakelesstimetorot.B.Paperbagscauselesspollution.C.Paperbagsarethemostreusable.D.Paperbagsendangerthewildlife.【要点综述】购物时，使用塑料袋还是纸袋？两者熟优熟劣？本文在对比二者的同时，指出，二者都污染环境。1.C【解析】标题归纳题。文章在说明塑料袋和纸袋的优缺点，二者都污染环境，塑料袋难以分解，对南北极是个威胁，对海洋动物是个威胁，但是纸袋有消耗大量北边雇员、产生比塑料袋多得多的垃圾，塑料袋难以分解但是可以回收使用，而纸袋容易分解，可以看出文章的主题是二者都产生污染，故选C。2.B【解析】词义猜测题。第二段实际是主题，从下文的说明可知不管塑料袋还是纸袋都污染环境，所以可以猜得drawbacks是“劣势”的含义，故选B。3.C【解析】细节理解题。第十段提到纸袋比塑料袋使用更多的能源、产生更多的垃圾，C项陈述与文章内容不符，故选C。4.A【解析】细节理解题。第十一段提到，“但是纸袋比塑料袋分解快速”，故选C。练习三、社会文化类

FormanypeopleintheU.S,sportsarenotjustforfun.They’realmosta"religion".Thousandsofsportsfansbuyexpensiveticketstowatchtheirfavoriteteamsandathletesplayinperson.Otherfanswatchthegamesathome,stickingtotheirTVsets,nevermissingagame.Manyawifebecomesa"sportswidow(运动寡妇)"duringherhusband'sfavoriteseason.America'sdevotiontosportshascreatedanewclassofwealthypeople:professionalathletes.Sportsstarsoftenreceivemillion-dollarsalaries.Someevenmakebigmoneybyappearinginadvertisementsforsoftdrinks,shoesandalmosteverything.SportsareanimportantpartofAmericanculture.Throughouttheirschoollife,Americanslearntoplaymanysports.Manystudentstryoutfortheschoolteams.Athleticeventsatuniversitiesattractscoresoffansandbenefitthewholecommunity.Manypeoplealsoenjoynon-competitiveactivities,likehiking,cycling,horsebackriding,campingorhunting.Manysportswereimportedfromothercountries.Europeansbroughttennis,golf,bowlingandboxingtoAmerica.FootballandbaseballcamefromotherOldWorldgames.OnlybasketballhasatrulyAmericanorigin.Americansexportsportsfeveraswell.Satellitesbroadcastgamestosportsfansaroundtheglobe.NBAisagoodexample.ThenamesofAmericansuperstarslikebasketballgreatMichaelJordanhavebecomehouseholdwordsallovertheworld.1.Whatdoesa"sportswidow"meanintheU.S?A.WivesareseriousinreligionB.Wivesaredevotedtosports.C.ThehusbandsareaddictedtosportsD.Thehusbandsarelost2.Whatcanweknowaccordingtopassage?A.AlltheU.SsportsstarscanearnalargesumofmoneyviathemediaB.AmericanstudentstakeupvarioussportsandathleticeventsC.LotsofAmericanpeopletakepartinnon-competitiveactivitiesD.Americanpeopleliketoexchangedifferentsportsfromeachother3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.AlltheAmericansaresportsfans B.SportcultureinfluencestheworldC.MostAmericanslikecompetition D.Americalikesnewformsofsports4.Whatdoesthewritermainlyintendtotellus?A.HowimportantsportsareinAmericaB.wheresportsstarsmakemuchmoneyC.whythere’resomanysportsinAmericaD.whataffectthecouple’srelationship【文章大意】本篇文章为说明文。运动在美国不仅仅是娱乐，也是美国文化中的重要组成部分。运动吸引了很多人，也是很多人从事各种运动。美国不仅引进运动也输出运动。尤其NBA吸引了全球众多球迷。1.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段第三句和第四句“Otherfanswatchthegamesathome,stickingtotheirTVsets,nevermissingagame.Manyawifebecomesa"sportswidow(运动寡妇)"duringherhusband'sfavoriteseason”，可知很多球迷黏在电视机前，从不错过一场比赛，许多妻子在他们的丈夫最喜欢的赛季中也因此成为运动寡妇，故选C。2.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段后三句“America'sdevotiontosportshascreatedanewclassofwealthypeople:professionalathletes.Sportsstarsoftenreceivemillion-dollarsalaries.Someevenmakebigmoneybyappearinginadvertisementsforsoftdrinks,shoesandalmosteverything”可知由于美国人对运动的爱好，产生了一个新的阶层：职业运动员，他们经常是收入百万美元，而且从广告中获得巨大收入，A正确；第二段第二句和第三句“Throughouttheirschoollife,Americanslearntoplaymanysports.Manystudentstryoutfortheschoolteams.Athleticeventsatuniversitiesattractscoresoffansandbenefitthewholecommunity”，可知美国学生学会更多的体育运动，职业运动在大学也吸引了大量的拥蹙者，B正确；第二段第四局“Manypeoplealsoenjoynon-competitiveactivities,likehiking,cycling,horsebackriding,campingorhunting”可知，许多美国人喜欢非竞争性的运动，故C正确；D系轩昂文中没涉及，故选D不对，选择D。3.B【解析】推理判断题。最后一段可知，美国从其他国家引进运动，也输出运动，尤其是NBA的转播吸引了全球的球迷，NBA超级球星乔丹的名字家喻户晓，可知运动已经成为一种文化影响全世界，故选B。4.A【解析】主旨大意题。文章西欧那个第一段开始叙述运动在美国不仅仅是娱乐，第二段第一句又提到运动成为了美国文化的重要部分，说明运动在美国的重要性，故选A。练习四、人物传记类

Jerrywasalwaysinagoodmoodandalwayshadsomethingpositivetosay.Oneday,IwentuptoJerryandaskedhim,“Youcan’tbeapositivepersonallofthetime.Howdoyoudoit?”Jerryreplied,“Everytimesomeonecomplainstome,IcanchoosetoaccepthiscomplaintsorIcanpointoutthepositivesideoflife.Ichoosethepositivesideoflife.”Severalyearslater,IheardthatJerrywasshotbythreearmedrobbers.Luckily,Jerrywasfoundrelativelyquicklyandrushedtothehospital.FinallyJerrywasreleasedfromthehospitalwithfragmentsofthebulletsstillinhisbody.Aboutsixmonthsaftertheaccident,Isawhim.Iaskedhimwhathadgonethroughhismindastherobberytookplace.“ThefirstthingthatwentthroughmymindwasthatIshouldhavelockedthebackdoor,”Jerryreplied.“Then,asIlayonthefloor,IrememberedthatIhadtwochoices:Icouldchoosetolive,orIcouldchoosetodie.Ichoosetolive.”“Weren’tyouscared?”Jerrycontinued,“Thedoctorsandnursesweregreat.TheykepttellingmeIwasgoingtobefine.ButwhentheywheeledmeintotheemergencyroomandIsawtheexpressionsonthefacesofthedoctorsandnurses,Igotreallyscared.Intheireyes,Iread,‘He’sadeadman.’IknewIneededtotakeaction.”“Whatdidyoudo?”Iasked.“Well,therewasabig,strongnurseshoutingquestionsatme,”saidJerry.“SheaskedifIwasallergictoanything.‘Yes’,Ireplied.Thedoctorsandnursesstoppedworkingastheywaitedformyreply.Itookadeepbreathandyelled,‘Bullets!’Overtheirlaughter,Itoldthem,‘Iamchoosingtolive.OperateonmeasifIamalive,notdead.’”Jerrylivedthankstotheskillofhisdoctors,butalsobecauseofhisamazingattitude.Ilearnedfromhimthateverydaywehavethechoicetolivefully.1.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeJerry?A.Impolite.

B.Concerned.

C.Stubborn.

D.Optimistic.2.WhatdidJerryfirstthinkofwhentherobberyhappened?A.Hemightbeshotbythearmedrobbers.

B.Heshouldn’thaveleftthebackdoorunlocked.C.Howhecouldcallthepolicemen.

D.Hemightberobbedofmanythings.3.Fromtheexpressionsofthedoctorsandnurses,Jerryrealizedthat_______.theydidn’twanttosavehislife

B.hewasn’tseriouslywoundedC.theythoughthehadlittlechancetolive

D.hewastreatedasadeadman【要点综述】本文叙述了一位生活态度非常乐观的人，Jerry。不管发生什么事，他总能用积极乐观的态度对待。文中描述了有一天Jerry家遭到了抢劫，他受了重伤。医生们议论说他可能活不了，而这是躺在手术车上的Jerry，却还能开玩笑，最终他得救了。1.

D【解析】推理判断题。从文章开头第一句话“Jerrywasalwaysinagoodmoodandalwayshadsomethingpositivetosay.”可以推断出Jerry是一位非常积极乐观的人。而A.Impolite.有礼貌的；B.Concerned.关心的；C.Stubborn.固执的，这三项都不合乎题意。

2.

B.【解析】推理判断题。从第四段第一句话Jerry的回答“ThefirstthingthatwentthroughmymindwasthatIshouldhavelockedthebackdoor,”可以得知当抢劫发生时，Jerry才意识到自己忘记锁后门了。一开始他并没有受伤，故A不合题意；文中并没提到他报警的是，故不合题意；在被抢劫之初，他并不知道自己将被抢走许多东西，故不能选。3．C.【解析】推理判断题。从文中第六段“Isawtheexpressionsonthefacesofthedoctorsandnurses,Igotreallyscared.Intheireyes,Iread,‘He’sadeadman.’IknewIneededtotakeaction.””可以推断出Jerry生存的可能性很小。文中并没有提到医生不想挽救他的生命，故A不能选；因为作者自己认为医生认为他可能死了，可知他受伤很严重，所以B项不能选；而D项他被当做死人一样来拯救的，也不合题意。练习五、说理议论类

Myfatherwas44andknewhewasn’t

goingtomaleitto45.Hewrotemealetterandhopedthatsomethinginitwouldhelpmefortherestofmylife.

Sincetheday1was12andfirstreadhisletter,someofhiswordshavelivedinmybeart.Oneitawaystimesout.“Rightnow,youarepretendingtobeatime-killer.ButIknowthatonehay,youwilldosomethinggreatthatwillsetyouamongtheverybest.”Knowingthatmydadbelievedinmegavemepermissiontobelieveinmyself.“Youwilldosomethinggreat.”Hedidn’tknowwhatthatwouldbe,andneitherdidI,butattimesinmylifewhenI’vefeltproudofmyself,IrememberhiswordsandwishhewereheresoIcouldask.“Isthiswhatyouweretalkingabout,Dad?ShouldIkeepgoing?”

Alongwayfrim12now,IrealizehewwouldhavebeenproudwhenImadeanyprogress.Lately,thongn.I’vecometobelievehe’dwantmetomoveontowinatcomnext:tobenroodofandbelievein,somebodyelse.It’stimetostartwritingmyownletterstomychildren.Ourchildrenlooktouswiththesameunansweredquestionwehad.Ourkidsdon’tholdbackbecausethey’reafraidtofail.They’reonlyafraidoffailingus.Theydon’tworryaboutbeingdisappointed.Theirfear－asminewasuntilmyfather’sletter－isofbeingadisappointment.

Giveyourchikdrenpermissiontosucceed.They’rewitingforyoutobelieveinthem.Ialwaysknewwayparentslovedme.ButtrustmyThatelicwillbemorecomlece,thatlovewillbemorereal,andtheirbeliefinthenelces

whibegreaterifyouwritethewordsontheirhearts;“Don’tworry;you’lldosomethinggreat.”Nothavingthatblessingfromtheirparentsmaybetheonlythingholdingthemback.1.Welearnfromthetextthattheauthor

.

A.losthisfatherwhenhewasyoung

B.workedhardbeforehereadhisfather’sletter

C.askedhisfatherpermissiontobelieveinhimself

D.knewexactlyatthinghisfatherwantedhimtodo

2.Whatdoestheauthortellusinthe3rdparagraph?

A.Childrenneedtheirparents'letters.

B.Childrenareafraidtobedisappointed.

C.Hischildren’sfearoffailureheldthemback.

D.Hisfather’sletterremovedhisfearoffailinghisparents.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueoftheauthor?

A.Hegotnoaccesstosuccess.

B.Hewrotebacktohisfatherat12.

C.Hewassurehisparentslovedhim.

D.Heonceaskedhisfatherabouttheletter.

4.Themainpurposeofthetextisto_______.

A.describechildren’sthinking

B.answersomequestionschildrenhave

C.stresstheimportanceofcommunication

D.adviseparentstoencouragetheirchildren【要点综述】本文是一篇议论文，文章通过自己的亲身经历，劝说家长一定要信任和鼓励自己的孩子。A【解析】推理判断题。文章第一段讲到作者的父亲在45岁之前就去世了，之前写了文章中特别介绍的信件；再结合第二段第一句话可推出答案。2.D【解析】主旨大意题。结合第三段尤其是最后一句话可得出答案。3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Ialwaysknewmyparentslovedme”可得出答案。4.D【解析】写作目的题。结合全文，尤其是第四段中的第一句和最后一句可得出答案。练习六、新闻报道类

Scientistsarebuildingtheworld’sfirstthinkingrobot.It’strue.Somesaymachinesthatwalk,speakandfeelwillhavebeenmadeby2020.KismetisthenameofarobotwhichscientistshavebuiltthisyearattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).Kismetisdifferentfromtraditionalrobotsbecauseitcanshowhumanemotions.Itseyes,earsandlipsmovetoshowwhenitfeelshappy,sadorbored.Kismetisoneofthefirstrobotsofanewgenerationthatlooklikehumanbeingsandcanimitatehumanfeelings.Somepeoplesaythatby2020wewillhavecreatedrobotswithbrainssimilartothoseofadulthumanbeings.Theserobotswillbedesignedtolooklikepeopletomakethemmoreattractiveandeasiertosell.Whatkindofjobswilltheydo?Inthefuture,robotslikeRobonaut,arobotinventedbyNASA,willbedoingdangerousjobs,likerepairingspacestations.Theywillalsobedoingmoreandmoreofthehouseholdworkforus.InJapan,scientistsaredesigningrobotsthatwillentertainpeoplebydancingandplayingthepiano.Meanwhile,peoplewhoworryaboutthefuturearewonderingwhetherrobotswillbecomemonsters?Willpeoplethemselvesbecomeincreasinglylikerobots?Expertspredictthatmoreandmorepeoplewillbewearingmicro-computersconnectedtotheInternetinthefuture.Peoplewillhavemicrochipsinvariouspartsoftheirbody,whichwillconnectthemtoawidevarietyofsmallmachines.Perhapsweshouldnotexaggerate(夸大)theimportanceoftechnology,butonemaywonderwhether,inyearstocome,wewillbefallinginlove,andwhetherwewillfeelpain.Whoknows?

1.Kismetisdifferentfromtraditionalrobotsbecause_______.A.itismadeintheMIT,USAB.itisabletoexpressitsownfeelingsC.itisthefirstmodernrobotD.itisabletoshowhumanfeelings2.Possibly,robotswillbeableto_______inabouttenyearsfromnow.A.thinklikehumanbeingsB.doallkindsofjobsforusC.imitatehumanfeelingsD.becomedangerousmonsters3.Theunderlinedword“one”inthelastparagraphcanbebestreplacedby_______.A.someexpertsB.thewriterhimselfC.somescientistsD.peopleingeneral4.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat_______.A.robotswilltaketheplaceofhumanbeingsinthefutureB.theimportanceoftechnologyhasbeenexaggeratedC.scientistshavedesigneddifferentkindsofrobotsD.robotsmightbeahelperoradanger【要点综述】本文是一则新闻报道。未来机器人会是什么样子？会有哪些功能？它们对于人类来说，是利大于弊还是弊大于利？本文中给出了介绍。1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Kismetisdifferentfromtraditionalrobotsbecauseitcanshowhumanemotions可知，Kismet可以显示人的感情，这是它有别于其他机器人的地方。2.A【解析】细节理解题。由第三段Somepeoplesaythatby2020wewillhavecreatedrobotswithbrainssimilartothoseofadulthumanbeings可知，一些人声称到2020年将制造出大脑与成年人大脑相似的机器人。3.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，one在这里泛指一般人，而并非专家，科学家或作者本人。4.D【解析】推理判断题。由最后两段，特别是最后一段可知，没有人确切地知道未来的机器人会怎么样。它们可能是人类的助手也有可能是人类的对手。练习七、广告信息类6:00Channel3Let’sTalk!Guest:AnimalexpertJimPorterChannel5CartoonsChannel8NewsChannel9News7:00Channel3CookingwithCathyTonight:ChickenwithmushroomsChannel5MovieAlaughaMinute(1955)JamesRayburnChannel8Spin(旋转)forDollarsChannel9FarmReport7:30Channel3DoubleTrouble(comedy):ThetwinsdisruptthehighschooldanceChannel9WallStreetToday.StockMarketReport8:00Channel3NBABasketball.TeamstobeannouncedChannel8MovieAtDay’sEnd(1981)MichaelCollier,Julie

Romer.DramasetinWorldWarIIChannel9NewsSpecial“SavingOurWaterways:PollutionintheMississipi”Thefollowingprogramsareforentertainmentexcept______.A.CartoonsB.DoubleTroubleC.SpinforDollarsD.NewsSpecial2.Whichofthefollowingprogramsismostlikelyintendedforhousewives?A.Let’sTalk!B.WallStreetTodayC.CookingwithCathyTonightD.FarmReport3.Ifyou’dliketowatchasportsgame,youcouldturnontheTVto______,A.Channel5at6:00B.Channel8at7:00C.Channel3at7:30D.Channel3at8:004.WhichismostprobablytheNewsChannel?A.Channel3.B.Channel5C.Channel8D.Channel9【要点综述】这是一个电视节目单。1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一句话可以知道，第九频道是关于解决密西西比河污染问题的报道。2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据Channel3CookingwithCathyTonight:Chickenwithmushrooms可知，该频道很可能是教主妇们做饭的。3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据8：00Channel3NBABasketball.Teamstobeannounced可知答案。4.D【解析】细节理解题。推理判断题。通读全文可以发现，在各个时间段，第9频道的节目都是新闻报道，由此可以推断出可能是个新闻频道。练习八、逸闻趣事类

TheWife-carryingWorldChampionshiphasbeencelebratedinasmalltownincentralFinlandsince1992.In1992,thepeopleofthetowndecidedthatitwastimetorestartsomelong-forgottentraditions.Backinthelate1800s,therewasarobbercalledRosvo-Ronkaineninthatarea.Hewassaidtoonlyacceptmenasmembersofhisgangwhoprovedtheirworthinchallenges.Atthattime,itwasalsoacommonpracticetostealwomenfromneighboringvillages.TheWife-carryingWorldChampionshipisbecomingincreasinglypopular.Alargenumberofcompetitors,people,andjournalistsfromFinlandtoCanadaattendtheWife-carryingWorldChampionshipeveryyear.Theeventiswell-knownforitswarmandhumorousatmosphere.TheWife-carryingWorldChampionshipisheldona253.5meterslongofficialtrack.Thetrackhastwodryobstaclesandawaterobstacle,aboutameterdeep.Thereareafewbasicrulesandthewinningteamisthecouplewhocompletethecourseintheshortesttime.Thewifetobecarriedmaybeyourown,oryourneighbor’s.Theminimumweightofthewifetobecarriedis49kg.Ifsheislessthan49kg,thewifewillbegivenaheavybagtocarry.Eachtimeacompetitordropshiswife,thatcouplewillbefined15seconds.AlongwiththeWife-carryingWorldChampionship,thereisalsoateamcompetition.Thedistanceisthesamebutthreemenintheteamcarrythewifeinturns.Attheexchangepointthecarrierhastodrinkofficial“wife-carryingdrink”beforecontinuingtherace.Aspecialprizeisawardedtotheteamwiththebestcostumes.AlongsidewiththeWife-carryingWorldChampionship,therearebandsplayingmusic,awife-carryingdanceandotherformsofentertainment.1.Accordingtothepassage,theWife-carryingWorldChampionship_____.A.wasfirstcelebratedin1992B.wasfirstheldbyRosvo-Ronkainen

C.iscelebratedinFinlandorCanadaeveryyearD.willaward“wife-carryingdrinks”tothewinners2.TheWife-carryingWorldChampionshipisfamousbecause_____.A.itisheldona253.5meterslongtrackB.manycompetitorstakepartinitC.ithasapleasantatmosphereD.thewinnerwillbeawardedalotofmoney3.Ifahusbanddropshiswifethreetimesinthecompetition,hewillbefined_____.A.15seconds B.35seconds C.45seconds D.60seconds4.Thepassageiswrittenmainlyto_____.A.warnpeoplethatcompetitionisdangerousB.attractmorevisitorstotheWife-carryingWorldChampionshipC.introducehowtheWife-carryingWorldChampionshipbeganD.tellussomethingabouttheWife-carryingWorldChampionship【要点综述】本文介绍了芬兰一个小镇的有趣的风俗——“背老婆比赛”这个比赛的创想是来源于一个强盗团伙从邻村抢妇女的练习。自从1992起，这个镇上的人们就开始了这项特殊而有意思的活动。1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一句话“TheWife-carryingWorldChampionshiphasbeencelebratedinasmalltownincentralFinlandsince1992”可以判断出A项正确。2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句话“Theeventiswell-knownforitswarmandhumorousatmosphere.”可以知道它是因其令人愉快的气氛而闻名的。3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话“Eachtimeacompetitordropshiswife,thatcouplewillbefined15seconds.”可得出答案。4.D【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章就是通过介绍“被老婆比赛”的起源，比赛规则等让读者了解了芬兰的这个民风浓郁的活动。练习九、史地常识类

WhatisthetallestgiftreceivedbytheUnitedStates?LocatedinNewYorkHarbor,the152-footStatueofLibertywasagiftofinternationalfriendshipfromthepeopleofFrancetothepeopleoftheUnitedStates.Aninspirationtomillionsofimmigrants,thisstatueisauniversalsymboloffreedom,democracy(民主)，anddiplomacy(外交)。

TherelationshipbetweentheUnitedStantesandFrancebeganduring