现在完成时专项练习

Theusesof现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在，和一般过去时态，一般现在时态，现在进行时态既有联系，又有区别，所以同学们掌握起来比较困难。现把这种时态的用法简单的总结一下.完成时态的用法现在完成时基本思路

一、构成二、用法三、时间状语四、特殊结构五、与一般过去时区别六、区分have(has)beentohave(has)gonetohave(has)beenin构成have/has+过去分词注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。其否定句在Have/has后加not.一般疑问句把have/has提到主语前.Ihave

lostmybike.Ihave

seenthefilmShehashadherbreakfast用法（一）表示过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的影响和结果。常和以下的时间状语连用：１.already----------yet已经用于肯定句用于否定句，疑问句2.never从不ever曾经3.Befor以前just刚刚跟踪练习1.Shehasnotseenthisfilm

.2.Shehas

seenthisfilm.3.Ihave____

beentoBeijing.Iknownothingaboutit.4.Haveyou____spokentoaforeigner？yetalreadyneverever用法（二）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，而且还能够继续下去的动或状态。往往和表示一段时间的状语连用。for:+一段时间forayearSince过去的某一时刻,sincelastweek一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucame｛选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.forsinceforsinceforsince跟踪练习结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.1.直接用延续性动词buy–catch(get)acold–borrow—come/go/become—puton--2.转换成be+名词jointhearmy–jointheParty–gotoschool–havehaveacoldkeepbewearbeasoldierbeaPartymemberbeastudent3转换成be+形容词或副词die—finish–begin—leave—beawayfallsleep–beasleepclose–beclosed4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschool–beinschooljointhearmy–beinthearmy1.我们买这本书三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.2.他感冒三天了.

Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同意句bedeadbeoverbeon3.自从上星期我借的这本书Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.4.我成为一个学生两年多了.Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.Iborrowedthebooklastweek.Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.5.MrBlack死了三年了。MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.6.小名参军半年了。XiaoMinghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear.XiaoMingjoinedthearmyhalfayearago.7.我们上了8年学了。Wehavebeenstudentsforeightyears.8.下课10分钟了Theclasshasbeenoverfortenminutes.9.电影开始了一小时了

Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.注：含延续性动词的现在完成时的同义句转换。Shehasworkedfortenyears....

ShebegantoworktenyearsagoShehasworkedsincetenyearsago.ItistenyearssinceshebegantoworkTenyearshaspassed

sinceshebegantowork()()()()()()()()Ihaveboughtanewdictionaryforaweek.

Ihavehadanewdictionaryforaweek.我买一本新词典已有一星期了。Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.他们来这儿已经两天了。HehasjoinedtheLeaguememberfortwoyearsHehasbeenaLeaguememberfortwoyears.他已入团两年了。Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.Themanhasdiedforseveralyears.这个人已经死了几年了。请判断FTTFFTTF

Correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentences.1、Tomhasgotupforhalfanhour.2、LiuMeihasjoinedtheLeagueforthreeyears.3、Thetrainhasreachedthestationsince10minutesago.4、Thelittlegirlhasfallenasleepforfourhours.5、Whenhaveyoucleanedtheclassroom?It’scleannow.6、Howlonghaveyoucaughtacold?7、Shehasgottenlettersfromhermothersincelastweek.火眼金睛：beenupbeeninbeenatbeenasleepdidcleanhadhad注意：下列时间状语也常与现在完成时连用inthelast(past)fewyearssofar

recentlysincethen在过去几年中到现在为止最近从那时起特殊结构Itis/has

been+一段时间+since从句.自从某事发生已有一段时间了.

eg.Itis/has

beentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.两种时态的不同现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时一般过去时侧重不同现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，强调的是现在的情况．如：wehavecleanedtheclassroom.我们已经打扫了教室．（教室现在是干净的．）一般过去时只表示过去的动作＼存在的状态，和现在不发生关系。如：wecleanedtheclassroomthismorning.今天早上我们打扫了教室．（只说明教室是今天早上打扫的这一事实．）时间状语不同现在完成时常和already,yet,just,ever,never,before,since…,for…等时间状语连用．如：Ihaveneverseenherbefore.我以前从没见过她．一般过去时常和yesterday,lastweek,justnow,in2004,twodaysago等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用．如：Isawherthreeyearsago.我三年前见过她．PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.A:火车已经开走了.B:什么时候开走的?A:半个小时之前开走的.A:这本书我已经买了两年了.B:你在哪儿买的?A:在我老家买的.A:你看过这部电影吗?B:看过.A:什么时候看的.B:上周星期天看的.A:Thetrainhasleft.B:Whendiditleave.A:Itlefthalfanhourago.A:I`vehadthebookfortwoyears.B:Wheredidyoubuyit?A:Iboughtitinmyhometown.A:haveyouseenthefilm?B:Yes,Ihave.A:Whendidyouseeit?B:IsawitlastSunday.疑难解析have/hasbeento去过某地have/hasgoneto去了某地have/hasbeenin

在某地ShehasbeentoShanghaitwice.ShehasgonetoShanghai.ShehasbeeninShanghaifor3years.1.whereisJim?He

Wuhan.2.Myparents

theGreatWalltwice.Theylikethereverymuch.3.youever

totheHappyvalley?4.Howlong

Peter

theWestHillfarm?5.Mysister

theshop.Shewillbebackintwohours.6.She

Shanghai.Sheisn’there.7.She

Shanghai.Sheishere.8.She

ShanghaifortwoyearshasgonetohavebeentoHavebeentohasbeeninhasgonetohasgonetohasbeeninhasbeento跟踪练习中招直航：一、Choosetherightanswers.()1、ThetwinscanspeakgoodChinesebecausethey_________Chinafor6years.AhavebeentoBhavecometoChavebeeninDhavegoneto()2、UncleWang_______infactorysinceitopenedin1989.AworksBworkedChasworkedDhaveworked()3、_________haveyoulivedinBeijing?AHowsoonBHowoftenCHowmuchDHowlong()4、He's_________backhomesince3daysago.AcomeBgotCbeenDget()5、Heneverhaslunchathome,_____he?Ahasn'tBhasCdoesn'tDdoesCCDCD()6、----WhereisTom?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.----He______backforaholiday.A.wentB.goesC.hasgoneD.willgo()7、I_______himsincewe________children.knew,wereB.haveknown,wereC.k