商务英语翻译Unit 5 Economy

Unit5Economy

--TranslationPracticeC-E改革开放30年以来，中国的国民经济保持了稳定快速增长。国民生产总值年均增长9.3%，比改革开放前30年的年均增长速度高3.2个百分点。与上个世纪90年代世界经济2.5%的增长速度相比，显得更加突出。中国的经济实力明显增强。2008年国内生产总值超过13万亿元，比1990年增长近两倍，排名世界第三，发展中国家第一。Duringthelast30yearsofreformandopeningtotheglobalmarkets,China’snationaleconomyhasmaintainedasteadyandrapidgrowth.GDPincreasedby9.7percentonanannualbasis,whichis3.2%higherthantheaverageannualgrowthrateinthe30yearspriortoreform.Thegrowthrateismoreoutstandingwhencomparedwithglobaleconomicgrowthofonly2.5%inthe1990s.China’seconomicstrengthhasincreasedsignificantly.In2008,GDPtotaledover13,000billionYuan,upnearly200%since1990,rankingfirstamongdevelopingcountriesandthirdworldwide.VocabularyPreparation国民经济改革开放稳定快速增长国内生产总值年均增长速度在……前经济实力排名世界第三跃居世界首位nationaleconomyreformandopeningsteadyandrapidgrowthGDP(grossdomesticproduct)averageannualgrowthratepriortoeconomicstrengthrankthirdworldwidecomefirstintheworld外汇储备1989年只有55.5亿美元，2008年底已增加到1.95万亿美元，跃居世界第一位。粮食储备创历史最高水平。经济运行的质量和效益不断提高。企业进行了全面的技术改造。2008年每万元国内生产总值消耗的能源比1990年下降73.3%。今年已有35家大公司进入世界500强。教育事业得到前所未有的发展，国民素质普遍提高。财政收入大幅度增加，2008年达到61316.9亿元。VocabularyPreparation外汇储备粮食储备创历史最高纪录经济运行效益全面的技术改革世界500强教育事业前所未有的国民素质财政收入大幅度地foreignexchangereservesgrainreserveshitanall-timehigheconomicperformanceefficiencyall-aroundtechnologicalrenovationtheranksofglobaltop500educationalundertakingunprecedentedpeople’squalityfinancialrevenueconsiderablyChina’sforeignexchangereservesssoaredfromUS$5.55billionin1989toUS$1950billionbytheendof2008,rankingfirstworldwide.Grainreservesalsohitanall-timehigh.Thequalityandefficiencyofeconomicperformancehaveimprovedsteadily.Chineseenterpriseshaveundertakencompletetechnologicalrenovation.From1990to2008,theenergyconsumptionfor10,000YuanworthofGDPdroppedby73.3%.35large-scaledChinesecompanieshaveenteredtheranksoftheglobaltop500thisyear.Witharenewedfocusoneducationandunprecedenteddevelopmentoftheeducationalsystem,Chinesepeople’qualityhasimproveddramatically.Revenuehasalsogainedsharpincreases,reaching6131.69billionYuanin2008.VocabularyPreparationbudget预算deficit亏损，赤字budgetdeficit预算赤字，财政赤字tradedeficit贸易逆差

surplus盈余currency通货，货币

illustrate表明，说明perceive察觉，领会erode侵蚀，腐蚀purchasingpower购买力utilization利用robust强健的，强壮的E-CEconomicconditionsincludethefollowingaspects:1)Governmentbudgetdeficitsorsurpluses.Themarketusuallyreactsnegativelytowideninggovernmentbudgetdeficits,andpositivelytonarrowingbudgetdeficits.Theimpactisreflectedinthevalueofcountry’shomecurrency.经济状况包括以下几个方面：（1）政府财政赤字或盈余。市场通常都会对政府赤字扩大做出负面的反应，而对预算赤字缩小做出积极的反应。这些反应往往会通过国内货币价值显现出来。2)Balanceoftradelevelandtrends.Thetradeflowbetweencountriesillustratesthedemandforgoodsandservices,whichinturnindicatesdemandforacountry’shomecurrencytoconducttrade.Surplusesanddeficitsintradeofgoodsandservicesreflectthecompetitivenessofanation’seconomy.Therefore,tradedeficitsmayhaveanegativeimpactonanation’shomecurrency.（2）贸易水平的平衡和趋势。国家间的贸易流动不仅能显示各国对商品和服务的需求，而且也能显示进行贸易所需的货币的供应。商品和服务贸易中的盈余或赤字反映的是一个国家经济的竞争力。因此，贸易赤字会对一国货币造成负面影响。3)Inflationlevelsandtrends.Typically,acurrencywilllosevalueifthereisahighlevelofinflationinthecountryorifinflationlevelsareperceivedtoberising.Thisisbecauseinflationerodespurchasingpower,thisdemand,forthatparticularcurrency.（3）通货膨胀的水平和趋势。如果一个国家的通货膨胀水平较高或者人们认为该国的通货膨胀水平会持续增高，则该国的货币就会贬值。其原因是通货膨胀会削弱该国货币的购买力和对该货币的需求。4)Economicgrowthandhealth.ReportssuchasGDP,employmentlevels,retailsales,capacityutilizationandothers,detailthelevelsofacountry’seconomicgrowthandhealth.Generally,themor