常用词的用法6

UnitSixface,failure,familiar,famous,fancy,far,fault,fear,feast,feel,fight,fill,final,find,fire,first,fit,fly,fold,folk,follow,fond,foot,for,forbid,force,forecast,forgive,former,fortunate,forward,free,friend,frighten,full,fun,furniture,further,future.face

face脸、面孔、面对。短语：facetoface面对面地（作状语）；face-to-face面对面的（作定语）；facetofacewith遇上；makeaface(atsomebody)做鬼脸；withasmileonone’sface面带笑容地；loseone’sface失掉面子；hitsomebodyintheface打某人的脸；looksomebodyintheface=lookinsomebody’sface瞅着某人的脸；inone’sface当面；in(the)faceof面对着、纵然、即使；onthefaceof从……的外表判断起来；havethefacetodosomething居然有脸做某事；toone’sface当着……面；Sheisagoodjudgeoffaces她善于根据面部表情来判断人的性格；facesomebody/something面对某人（物）；faceon/onto/to/toward/upto朝着某处、面临某种形势；face(tothe)south朝南；befacedwithdifficulty/byamostimpressivescene面临着困难、展现出一幅非常令人难忘的景色；faceupto面对、承担；facethemusic接受（不愉快的后果或情况）、应受惩罚；比较：face面孔，表示“在脸上”多用on。如：Shehasaverybeautifulface.look脸色、神气、外表，复数指面容。如：Neverjudgeamanbyhislooks.appearance外表、外貌，用单数时着重指人，往往包括衣着。如：Hiswifeisordinaryinappearance.①Theboywascaughtcheatingintheexamandhehadto___.A.facemusicB.playthemusicC.facethemusicD.listentomusic②___suchadifficultproblem,hedidn’tknowwhattodo.A.FacedB.FacingC.FacedtoD.Facingwith③MrSmithlivesina___flat.A.facedsouthB.southfacedC.south-facingD.facingsouth④Thehouseiscleanandbright,withalargewindow___.A.facingsouthB.facingthesouthC.facingtosouthD.facessouth⑤Thereporterwantedtofix___interview.A.afacetofaceB.aface-to-faceC.anfacetofaceD.anface-tofaceCCBBAfail

fail失败、不及格。短语：failtodosomething/indoingsomething未能做某事；fail(in)one’sexam(inphysics)=failphysics=failtopasstheexaminphysics=don’tpassthephysicsexam物理考试不及格；failsomebodyinmaths使某人数学不及格；failsomebody使某人失望、辜负期望；failtopersuadehim=failinpersuadinghim=don’tpersuadehim没能说服他；failhimfrommyfault我的过错使他失望；failofelection未能当选；withoutfail必定、务必；用法：fail后跟不定式作“不成功”讲时，不定式可改为indoing形式，也可直接跟动名词，表示在某一范围、方面的失败。如：Hefailedinpassingtheexam.fail后跟不定式作“失败、没有、不”讲时，只表示单纯的否定，不定式不能改为indoing形式。如：Don’tfailtorememberwhatIhavesaid.①___thateveningwasduetohisillhealth.A.HefailedtocomeB.ThathefailedtocomingC.HisfailuretocomeD.Hisfailureincoming②Hiseffortsendedin___.Thatistosay,heis___asanurse.A.afailure;afailureB.afailure;failureC.failure;afailureD.failure;failure③Words___mewhenIwantedtoexpressmythankstohimforhavingsavedmysonfromtheburninghouse.A.failedB.leftC.discouragedD.disappointedCCAfailure

failure失败（U）、失败的人或事（C）。短语：meetwithfailure失败；(a)failureofcrops=acropfailure歉收；Hisfailuretocomethateveningwasduetoillhealth.他那天晚上没有来；failurein(doing)sth在（做）某事上失败；thefailuretodosth未能做某事；heartfailure心脏病；(a)powerfailure停电；①___thateveningwasduetohispoorhealth.A.HefailedtocomeB.ThathefailedtocomingC.HisfailuretocomeD.Hisfailureincoming②Hiseffortsendedin___.Thatistosay,heis___asanurse.A.afailure;afailureB.afailure;failureC.failure;afailureD.failure;failure③Words___mewhenIwantedtoexpressmythankstohimforhavingsavedmysonfromtheburninghouse.A.failedB.leftC.discouragedD.disappointed④___severaltimes,theyoungscientiststillkeptonmakinghisexperimentsinchemistry.A.HavingbeenfailedB.HavingfailedC.ThoughfailedD.BecauseoffailureCCABfamiliar

familiar熟悉的、亲近的。短语：thingsfamiliartosomebody某人所熟悉的事物；befamiliarwithsomebody/something熟知某人（事）、与某人亲密（主语是人，含主动意味）；somethingbefamiliartosomebody对某人来说某物是很熟悉的（含被动意味）；配套练习：①TheInternetsongisveryfamiliar___us,soweareveryfamiliar___itssinger.A.with;withB.to;toC.to;withD.with;to②Yourfaceseems___.I’veprobablymetyouyousomewhere.A.familiarB.knownC.similarD.alikeCAfamous

famous闻名的、著名的。反义词：unknown.短语：befamousas作为……而闻名；befamousfor/bewellknownfor因……而闻名、以……而著称；befamousat/in善于；beknownas/for作为……而出名、因为……而出名；beknowntosb为某人所知；Itisknown/well-knownthat…人人都知道；famous仅用于befamousas/for结构，不用于It’sfamousthat…和befamousto结构中。用法：famous后不接从句。如：Itisfamous（改为：well-known）thatJapanproducesfinecars.比较：（1）、befamous1）、当主语是表示人的名词时，跟for表示“以某种知识技能、作品或特征而出名”；跟as则表示“以某种身份而出名”。如：Heisfamousforhisfineacting/Heisfamousasagreatscientist.2）、当主语是地点名词时，跟for表示“以某种特产而出名”；跟as则表示“以什么样的产地或地方而出名”。如：Theareaisfamousforitsgreentea/Theareaisfamousasagreenteaproducingplace.3）、当主语是事物名词时，跟for表示“以其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知”；跟as则表示“以某种形式而出名”。如：Thegrammarbookisfamousforitspracticalusage/Thebookisfamousasareferencebook.总之，befamousfor后的介词宾语是主语的所属内容，而befamousas后的介词宾语则与主语是同位成份。（2）、famous表示著名的，有众所周知的意味，通常用在好的意味上。如：Hewasfamousasasinger.well-known含有为大家所熟知的、众所周知的意味，仅指普通的事物，指有些小名气。如：Heisawell-knownpainter.①SherlockHolmesisfamous___adetectiveasheisknown___everybody___hisquickthinkingandcarefulobservation.A.as;to;forB.to;for;byC.for;to;asD.to;as;for②ProfessorWhitehaswrittensomeshortstories,butheis___knownforhisplays.A.thebestB.moreC.betterD.themostAC③CharlieChaplinwasfamous___hisgreatcontributions___thefilmindustry.A.for;asB.for;toC.as;toD.to;as④Thewomanisknown___asingerandsheismostknown___singingpopularsongs,whichisknown___manyyoungpeople.A.to;for;asB.as;for;toC.for;to;asD.as;to;for⑤Thewritercanmakeverygoodshortnovels,buthe’s___knownforhisplays.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best⑥Amanisknown___thecompanyhekeeps.A.forB.asC.byD.with⑦ProfessorWhitehaswrittensomeshortstories,buthe’s___knownforhisplays.A.thebestB.moreC.betterD.themostBBCCCfancy

fancy(n/v/adj)想象（力）、幻想、设想、认为、花样的；fantastic想象出来的、奇异的；fantasy想象、幻想；短语：fancy(one’s)doingsth想象（某人）做某事；fancysb(tobe)想象某人是；fancysbas想象某人为；haveafancythat感到、揣测，takeafancyto变得喜欢；catchone’sfancy引起某人的喜欢；fantasticshapes奇形怪状；tripthelightfantastic跳舞；用法：fancy作名词，单数形式后接for,to，或间或接of，表示“爱好、投合……的心意”。如：Shehasagreatfancyforyoungcat.复数形式后接of，表示“对……的幻想”。如：Shehadwildfanciesoffameandwealth.fancy作动词，后接that引起的宾语从句，表示“揣想”。如：IfancyIhavemetyoubefore.后接how,what等引起的从句、短语或复合宾语，表示“想象、自以为”。如：Youcanhardlyfancywhatacapitalhandsheisatwriting.用于感叹句，常后接动名词，表示惊奇、诧异、不满等。如：Fancyhersayingsuchrudethings!fancy可接so或not代替前面的情况。用fancy,imagine或enjoy的适当形式填空：①Ihavea_______forsomewinewithmydinner.②Hisnewsongcaughtthe________ofmillionsofyoungpeople.③Didyou_______yourselflastweekend?④Canyou________lifewithoutelectricity?fancyfancyenjoyimaginefar

far远的(地)。短语：onthefarther/furtherbankoftheriver在河的彼岸；dofurtherstudy继续学习、深造；farfromeasy太不容易；farfrom(being)true/thetruth远远不是真的；sofaras…isconcerned就……而论(中间用名词或代词)；sofar到目前为止(用现在完成时)；atthefarendofthestreet在街道的那一头；onthefarsideofthehill在山的另一边；asfaras/sofaras/inas(so)faras到某个地方、到某种程度为止；asfaras就……而论，常与know,see,learn或从句等连用。如：asfarasIknow就我所知；用法：(1)、farfrom除了表示距离的“远离”外，还有“远远不、完全不、决非(=notatall)”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。如：He’sfarfrompleasedwithyourwork=He’snotpleasedwithyourworkatall.(2)、byfar用来修饰形容词、副词的比较级，意为“远比……或……得多”、最高级，意为“最最”，以加强语气。修饰最高级时放在the前，修饰比较级时放在比较级后，当比较级前有the时，可前可后。如：He’sfarfrompleasedwithyourwork=He’snotpleasedwithyourwork.(farfrom=notatall远非)(3)、howfar常用来问路程，指距离多远，常与移动性动词连用，而与静态性动词连用要用howfaraway提问，如：Howfarawaydidyoulive?Howfardidyougo?faraway(from)作状语，也可作后置定语。faraway作前置定语。(4)、far表示距离时，通常用于否定句和疑问句中，肯定句用alongway，但toofar,sofar,faraway,asfaras,farenough,等可用于否定句或疑问句中。类似的还有：many,much,long(指时间)，它们也用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中分别用plentyof,alotof,alongtime。(5)、凡是用farther的，都可用further代替，反之则不行，因further还有“更进一步”的意思。如：Ican’tgoanyfarther/further.Theproblemmustbefurtherdiscussednexttime.(6)、far副词，作程度状语，修饰形容词、副词的比较级、最高级或介词短语。如：farbelowtheordinarylevel.far不可用在表示确切距离的句子中，而distant则可。如：Thestationistenmilesfar(改为：distant)fromhere.在表示距离的词后可加away，不可再用far，如果无表示距离的数词时才可有far；away是副词，后加介词才可带宾语。far很少作形容词，不说：afarcountry，要说：adistantcountry。在口语中far一般与so,too连用，用在否定句或疑问句中。比较：（1）、faraway作表语、后置定语和状语，和连用表达“离……很远、遥远”。如：Thesunisnotfarawayfromtheearth.faraway是形容词，意为“遥远的”，作前置定语。如：Thepeoplearelivingahappylifeeveninthefarawayvillage.（2）、farfrom表示“远离、远远没有、极不、决非”的意思。如：Thisexperimentisfarfromsimple.fromfar意为“从远方”。如：Thismachinewasfetchedfromfar.①Aftertwoyears’research,wenowhavea___betterunderstandingofthedisease.A.veryB.farC.fairlyD.quite②He___themoneytomesofar.A.doesn’treturnB.hasn’treturnedC.didn’treturnD.hadn’treturnedBBfault

fault缺点、毛病。短语：atfault有毛病、感到困惑、不知所措；havenofaultstodosomething做某事无可挑剔；findfault(U)withsomebody/something挑出某人（某事）的毛病；afaultontherightside因祸得福；infault有过失的；toafault过分的；afaultin在……之中有缺陷、过错；比较：fault指行为、品质方面经常表现出来的缺点、毛病，或指因违反某种规章、准则而犯的错误、过失，含有责备的意味，并强调对所犯的错误负有责任。如：Thereisafault（缺陷）inthisengine.mistake指因概念模糊或粗心大意而造成的错误、过失，它本身不含有批评与指责的意味。如：learnfrompastmistakestoavoidfutureones.惩前毖后；wrong是指不公正、不正当的行为，或较fault更为严重的罪行。如：knowthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong.明辨是非；①He___inhishomework.A.madealotoffaultsB.didalotoffaultsC.didalotofmistakesD.madealotofmistakes②Hehasturnedonallthelightsintheroom.That’sawasteofelectricity.It’snothis___.Hejustdidwhathewastoldto.A.mistakeB.wrongC.faultD.shortcoming③YousoldmeablousethatIcan’twear;youshoulddosthaboutit.Butitisthe___ofthecompanywhichmadeit.A.mistakeB.faultC.thingD.matterDCBfear

fear恐怕、害怕、担忧。短语：fearforsomething=worryaboutsomething为某事担忧；Ihaveafearthat…=Ifearthat…我怕；feartodosomething不敢做某事；fearwalkingaloneatnight不敢夜晚独自走路；Ifearso/not恐怕是（不是）；haveafearof担心；forfear(that)唯恐、以防（引出目的状语从句）；beinfear(of)为……而提心吊胆；in/withfear惊恐地；befearfulfor为……而担心；befearfuloffalling怕摔倒；fearless不怕的、无畏的；用法：fear不接宾语加不定式。要接that从句。①Didhedowellinthefinalexams?___.A.IfearB.Idon’tfearC.IfearnotD.Idon’thopeso②Hewon’tgetwelltomorrow.___.A.I’mafraidB.IfearsoC.IhopesoD.IthinktooCBfeast

feast享受、盛宴、使得到享受、节日、酒席；短语：afeastfortheeyes极为好看的东西；feastone’seyesonthewonderfulperformance尽情欣赏精彩表演；adeath’sheadatthefeast令人扫兴的人/事物；afeastforthegods极其精美的饮食、使人很愉快的事物；用法：宾语接on，表示“用……招待、享受”。如：Theyfeastedusonduckandgreenpeas.Hesatthere___.A.feastshimselfB.feastinghimselfC.wasfeastinghimselfD.feastedhimselfBfeel

feel感觉、摸。短语：feel(like/quite)oneself觉得身体情况正常；feeltheweightofsomething试试某物的重量；feelgreatjoyatthegoodnews听到那个好消息感到非常高兴；feelasif加从句，意为“觉得好像”；feelback/sick不舒服；Ifeel(that)youaremakingamistake.我认为（以为）；feelfor/withsomebody同情某人、为某人难过；feellikedoingsomething想要做某事(多用于疑问句、否定句中，相当于want/wouldlike)；用法：feel后接宾语可跟tobe作宾语补足语，to不能省。如：feeltheplantobeunwise（欠考虑），feel后可跟现在分词或不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词、名词作宾语补足语。如：Ifeelsomethingtouch/touchingmyfoot.比较：（1）、feel由触摸而感知。如：Silkfeelssmooth.touch只表示接触。如：Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.（2）、feellike(doing)something想要（做某事）、（摸起来）感觉像，前者可接名词、动名词；后者多接物质名词或指天气、时间的名词。如：Ifeellikegoingtobed.I’mtiredout./Hefeelslikefool.Wouldlikesomething比较喜欢、愿意要，表示选择或习惯，wouldliketodosomething希望、想做某事，表示愿望。如：I’dliketheredone./I’dliketogotothemovies.prefer宁愿（要）、更喜欢，可接名词、动名词、不定式或从句。如：Ipreferthathe(should)leave.Youcanfeelhelpfulnessandcareeven___thesechildren.A.onB.atC.withD.inDfight

fight打仗、打架、战斗、斗争。短语：ahardfight=struggle奋斗；fightabout为（某事）争吵、打架；fightagainstsomebody/something=fightsomebody/something和……斗争；fightfor为……而战；fightwith和……在一起作战；fightover为某事而相争；fightback还击；fighttothefinish/end/last战斗到底；fighttokeepbackone’stears抑制住自己的眼泪；fighter战士、战斗机、歼击机。①TheRedArmysoldiershadtofight___allkindsofdifficultiesintheirfight___thepeople’sfreedom.A.for;forB.with;withC.against;againstD.against;for②Allthepeopleintheworldshouldfight___peace.A.againstB.forC.toD.with③Nowadayspeopleallovertheworldare___pollution.A.fightingforB.fightingagainstC.foughtagainstD.fightingoverDBBfill

fill装满、满。短语：fillup填空、装满；fillin填充、填写；fill…with把……装满；fillmeaglassofwater（双宾）；flowersfillthegarden花园里都是花；fillwith充满了；①Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork___mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled②Thisformmust___ink.A.befilledinB.fillininC.befilledininD.befilledwithBCfinal

final最后的。短语：afinalgame决赛；thefinaldayofaschoolterm一学期的最后一天；用法：final表示决赛、期末考试用复数。如：Hefailedinthefinals期末考试末及格。比较：final最后的，有终局的意味。如：Theyweresuretheywouldwinthefinalvictory.last最后的，指连续顺序中的最后的，又可作“上一次”讲。如：Decemberisthelastmonthoftheyear.①Whatwasthe___scoreofthefootballmatch?A.finalB.lastC.endD.late②Fourpolicemenrodepastontheirmotorbikes,thencametheTVbroadcastingcar,and___themarathonrunners.A.atlastB.latelyC.finallyD.laterACfind

find找到、发现、发觉、感到。短语和句型：findout查明、发现、了解；findhimhislostpen=findhislostpenforhim为他找到了丢失的钢笔；findoneself发现自己在(处于)……；findout+that/who/what/where从句；1）、findhimveryclever；2）、finditadifficultbook；3）、findawalletlyingontheground；4）、findthedoorbroken；5）、findtheboyinthetalltree；6）、findhimout；7）、findthebooktobeuseful；8）、findthatshehasabadheadache；用法：(1)、find一般不用于进行时态。(2)、find后的复合宾语中不可以用行为动词的不定式作宾语补足语。如：Ifoundthem（tobe去掉）workinginthefields.可用tobe+adj./n作宾语补足语,如：Ifoundthemtobehappy.findit+形容词、名词+todosomething感到、发现，可用于这种结构的词还有：consider,think,suppose等。如：Youwillfinditusefultokeepadiary=Youwillfindkeepingadiaryuseful=Youwillfindthatitisusefultokeepadiary/thatkeepingadiaryisuseful/thatitisusefulkeepingadiary.(3)、find指一时的动作。不用表示一段的时间状语修饰，不说：Ihavefoundthelostbookforaweek.要改为：Ifoundthelostbookaweekago.(4)、Duskfoundtheboycryinginthestreet.这种拟人用法使句子显得形象生动，主语通常是表示时间、地点的名词，宾语补足语通常是现在分词，主语可改为表示时间或地点的状语这种句子的谓语动词常是find,see,discover。(5)、HefoundTomabrightstudent.变为被动式，谓语动词后要加tobe，用作主语补足语。如：Tomwasfoundtobeabrightstudent.find,help后的不定式作宾语补足语时，to可要，也可不要。如：Wefoundthemachine(to)workwell.(6)、Howdidyoufind/like…?你觉得(认为)……怎么样？是征求对方对某人(事)的看法或意见的用语。回答时在find后要跟复合宾语，即：somebody/something+adj./-ing.比较：findout找出、查明、发现，后接名词或宾语从句，作宾语的若是代词，要放在find和out之间。find找到，着重结果。发现，指偶然或是通过一番经历的发现。最常用的结构是“find+复合宾语”，宾语补足语由分词、形容词、介词词组以及不定式tobe充当。如：Losttimeisneverfoundagain.lookfor寻找，着重行动。如：Heislookingforhispen,buthecan’tfindit.findout发现，发现无形而隐藏的事物，指明和探索或观察而发现，有“搞清楚、弄明白、找出来”的意思。如：Wemustfindoutthetruthofthematter.discover发现，用于第一次发现某物或寻找隐藏着的东西，发现的对象是本来存在，但主语不知道，如新的科学真理，新的区域等。如：Theyaredoingtheirbesttodiscoverthesecretsoftheuniverse.invent发明，发明的对象是以前没有的东西，如工具、手段或方法。如：Parachutesareinventedtosavethelivesofthepilotsinanaccident.①Ihurriedtotherailwaystation,only___alltheticketsfortomorrowhadbeensoldout.Badluck!Nowwe’dbetterphoneand___theinformationabouttomorrow’sflight.A.found;findoutB.tofind;findoutC.finding;tofindoutD.findout;find②Havetheparents___theirdaughter?Notyet.Andmorepeoplehavejoinedin___theneighborhoodforthemissinggirl.A.found;searchB.foundout;lookingforC.foundout;searchingforD.found;searching③Whenhewasachild,helikedto___outhowthingsworked.A.lookB.watchC.comeD.find④Thepolicemenareworkinghardinorderto___the___ofhisdeath.A.findout;causeB.search;reasonC.find;causeD.lookinto;reason⑤I___mywatcheverywhereand___itatlast.A.lookedfor;foundB.found;lookedforC.foundout;foundD.found;foundoutBDDAA⑥I’m___mypeneverywherebutIhaven’t___ityet.A.founded;foundB.lookingfor;discoverC.lookingfor;foundD.findingout;founded⑦Howdoyoufindthewatchyoulost?___.A.WiththehelpofXiaoLiB.InmyclassroomC.AnexpensiveoneD.Idon’tlikeit.⑧___thatletter?Yes,I___itwhenItidiedthedrawer.A.Didyoufind;havefoundB.Didyoufind;hasfoundC.Haveyoufound;foundD.Haveyoufound;havefound⑨ItwasnotuntilthePeople’sRepublicofChinawas___thathislostbrotherwas___.A.found;foundB.found;foundedC.founded;foundD.founded;founded⑩Canyou___MrSmith’stelephonenumberforme?I’mnotsosureaboutit.A.findoutB.findC.discoverD.foundCCCCAfindoneself＋宾语补足语，（不知不觉中）发现自己来到某地或处于某种境地；findoneself之后的宾语补足语可以是形容词、介词短语、过去分词（表示被动状态）、现在分词（表示主动状态）。①Whenshecamebacktolife,shefoundherself___attheentrancetoavalley.A.lieB.liedC.layD.lying②Thenhefoundhimself___agroupofboys.A.surroundingB.surroundedbyC.surroundedD.surroundingby③Shefoundherself___conditionthatday.A.outB.outofC.ofD.in④WhenMrsSmithwenthome,shefoundawindow___andsomejewels___.A.opened;robbedB.open;stolenC.opening;stealingD.open;robbed⑤Thebossfoundthemachinestill___whilenoonewasthere.A.worksB.workedC.workingD.towork⑥Findinghercar___,shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp.A.tobestolenB.havingstolenC.stolenD.beingstolenDBBBCCfire

fire火（U）、火炉、火灾、火警（C）、开火、射击、解雇（口语）。短语：onfire着火；catchfire着火；setfiretosth=setsthonfire放火烧某物；make/startafire生火；lightafire点火；putoutthefire灭火；fightthefire救火；underfire受到攻击；gothroughfireandwater赴汤蹈火；sbbeonfireforsth某人因某事而激动；firesbforbeinglate因迟到开除某人；fireatsth向某物射击；fireagunatsb把枪向某人瞄准；fireone’simagination激发某人的想象力；用法：报火警的表示法有：soundthealarm/shoutfireforhelp/phone(call)thenumber119；比较：（1）、setfireto=set…onfire使燃烧、放（点）火，可为故意或为意外。如：Hesetthebuildingonfire.catch/takefire着火、起火，一般出于意外、自动。如：Papercatchesfireeasily.burn燃烧，指客观的动作。如：Thehouseisburning.（2）、fire开枪、开炮。如：We’llneverfirethefirstshoot.shoot射击、打枪，主要指用枪射击。如：Heshotatabird,butmissedit.①Look!Thebuildingis___.Let’sgotohavealook.A.onfireB.gotfireC.setfireD.caughtfire②Lastnightthelibrary___suddenly.A.wascaughtfireB.hascaughtfireC.catchesfireD.caughtfireAD③Theoilpan___suddenlyandsoonthekitchen___.A.caughtfire;wasonthefireB.wasonfire;catchfireC.caughtfire;wasonfireD.catchesfire;onfire④Thehousehad___foranhourwhenwearrivedthere.A.caughtfireB.gotonfireC.beenonfireD.beensetonfire⑤Hewas___byhiscompanyonly3monthsafterbeingtakenonforstealing.A.hiredB.firedC.employedD.received⑥You’llbe___ifyoudon’tworkhardorcomeontime.A.hiredB.firedC.tiredD.admired⑦Don’tthrowthecigaretteendabout.Thedrygrass___easily.A.catchfireB.isonfireC.lightafireD.catchesfireCCBBDfirst

first第一、首次、最初、开始、开端。短语：firstandlast总的说来；firstorlast迟早、早晚；inthefirstplace首先、一开始；fromfirsttolast自始至终、一贯；用法：（1）、This/That/Itis/wasthefirst/theonly/thebest/theworst…等表达方式后要用现在或过去完成时。如：Itwasthethirdtimehehadbeeninlovethatyear.这是他那一年中第三次谈恋爱了。（2）、firstof后跟复数名词时，不作第一个讲，而意为“头几个、头一批”。如：thefirsttwomen=thetwofirstmen；（3）、如序数词前还有其它的修饰词，不需要加the，如：myfirstdays；（4）、thefirst/thesecond/thelast等常可在其后加上不定式作定语，相当于一个定语从句。如：Heisalwaysthefirsttocome(=whocomes)andthelasttoleave(=wholeaves).比较：first表示一系列动作或事物的开始，表示“第一、最先”，可作形容词或副词。如：Firstputacoinandthenpressthebutton.atfirst多暗示后来发生的事情或动作与前不同，甚至相反。相当于atthebeginning最初。如：Atfirstheknewnobodybutnowhehasmanyfriends.firstly第一，用于列举谈话内容：firstly首先；secondly其次；lastly最后。表示这种用法时，first可代替firstly。如：First(ly),letmeintroduce.firstofall首先、第一，与aboveall相似，用来强调重要性。Heisalwaysthefirsttocome,andthelasttoleave.thefirst,thelast等结构后常跟不定式作定语，这时thefirst,thelast可用作代词。①Thefirst___downintotheboatsweresomewomenandchildren.A.comingB.tocomeC.havingcomeD.tohavecome②Whoisthefirst___?A.toarriveB.toreachC.arrivingD.reachingBAfit

fit（使）适合、（使）符合、安装、适合的。短语：befitforsth胜任、适合某事；befittodosomething适合做某事；Thedriedgrainisfittostore/tobestored晒干的谷物可贮藏；Itisfitthatsomebodyshoulddosomething某人做某事是恰当的；think/seefittodoso认为这样做很恰当；keepfit保持健康；Thecoatisapoorfit适合、全身（的衣服）；fit…onsomebody试穿上看是否全身（合适）；fitoneselftosomething使自己能担当某事；fitinwith适应、与……处得融洽；fiton试穿fitsbforsth使某人能适合或胜任某事；befittedwith向……供给、给……装配；fitsomebody/somethingfor/into/in/on/to使某人（物）适合……；用法：（1）、fit可引申为“吻合、协调”；静态及物动词fit,have,lack,suit等无被动式。但fit作“使……合适于”讲时，可用于被动句中。如：Bamboocanbefittedtogethersothattheycanbeusedtocarrywater.（2）、主语表示时间、空间时，不定式后常带介词。如：Theroomisnowfittostorethingsin.比较：fit指衣服、鞋子等的尺寸、大小、款式是否合身，或指某人的能力是否适合做某项工作，或某种情况的存在是否适合做另一件事情。如：Thisdressdoesn’tfither.match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。如：Thecapisamatchforthecoat.suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等，以及表示款式、花色的适合。如：Redisnotthecolorthatsuitsher.suitable一般指外表，如形状、颜色的协调，上下文意义的连贯，合不合某人的心意。如：Isthispresentsuitable(不用：fit)forher?proper适合的、适当的，指对某种场合是适合和可接受的。如：Somepeoplealwaysseemtoknowtheproperthingtosay.①Thedriedgrain___store.A.isfittoB.fittoC.fitforD.fits②Thecoatdoesn’t___mewell;canyoushowmeabiggerone?A.fitB.suitC.suitableD.fitforAAfly

fly飞行、飞、乘飞机旅行、空运（乘客、货物）、苍蝇。短语：onthefly在飞行中、匆忙地；flyingtime起飞时间；letflyat向……射出；Timeflies(likeanarrow)光阴似箭；flyinbythewindow从窗口飞进来；flysomebody/something用飞机运送人或物；用法：不及物动词fly,run,stand,walk,work等作使役动词可用于被动式。Tomis___thekite.A.throwingB.flyingC.thrownD.flewBfold

fold折迭、合拢。短语：foldsomebody/somethinginone’sarms抱住某人（物）；foldsomething(up)inpaper用纸把某物包起来；watchwithone’sarmsfolded袖手旁观；①aterribleaccident___onNo.6Streetyesterday,whereacouplewerekilledbyatruck.A.foldedB.partedC.pattedD.occurred②Hestoodtherewatchingwithhisarms___.A.foldB.foldingC.unfoldedD.foldedDDfolk

folk民间的、人们。短语：homefolks家属；folkmusic民间音乐；country/townfolk国民；用法：folk人们，是集体名词，没有复数，谓语动词用复数；如用复数形式，则表示双亲、亲戚或家庭成员；folk也可作民间、民俗解。完成句子：①Doyou_______________________________________（喜欢民间音乐还是流行音乐）？②I’dlikeajob________________________________________.（与老人或小孩打交道）enjoyfolkmusicmusicpoporworkingwitholdfolkorkidsfollow

follow跟随、接着、遵循、听从、听懂。短语：followafter追求、力求达到（取得）；followout贯彻、执行；followyouradvice听从你的意见；followthedirectionsofsomebody遵从某人的指导；followon一会儿接着进行；followup再接再厉；followtheexampleofsomebody学习某人的榜样、效法；asfollows如下、如次；inthefollowingyears=intheyearsthatfollowed在随后的几年里；followsb跟随/听懂某人；followorders遵循/按照；followeverymomentofthemouse注视；followtheexampleof效法、以……为榜样；followingthespeech演讲之后；用法：follow+宾语，后可接副词或介词短语，不可接不定式。如：followhim（去togo）intotheroom；follow后不跟after或behind。比较：（1）、follow遵循、听从，其宾语是规则、指示、忠告、风俗习惯、建议等。如：Theseordersmustbefollowedatonce.obey遵守、服从，其宾语是法律、法规、命令等。如：Thepartshouldobeythewhole.（2）、follow跟随、接踵而来，是一般用词，指随之而来或去。如：Theboyfollowedhisfatherout.succeed指在时间次序中随后而来的，通常指取代某人或某物，它是及物动词，后要接宾语。如：Asilencesucceededhisspeech.onthefollowingday=onthedayfollowing第二天（在间接引语中相当于next）；用法：following紧接着的、下一个，也可作代词表示“下面、如下的人或事”，只有在指过去发生的事情时，following才能用来代替next；若指现在或将来发生的事情，就只能用next，不能用following；在过去时态中的“下一周”用thenext/followingweek；在将来时态中用next/thecomingweek；①Whenyoutalk,youhavetoatleastmakeyourself___.A.followB.followedC.followingD.beingfollowed②Heworkedhardinthe___years.A.followedB.followingC.followsD.follow③Inthedays___,hewasstillinlowspirits,anditseemedhardforhimtogetoverit.A.followingB.followedC.thatfollowedD.tofollow④Thencameaterriblethunder___thesuddenlightening.A.followedB.followedbyC.followingD.tofollow⑤ShallIexplainitagain?Yes,please.Icouldn’tquite___whatyousaid.A.agreewithB.knowaboutC.thinkofD.follow⑥HespokesofastthatIcouldn’t___him.A.listenB.hearC.followD.understoodBBCCCDfond

fond喜爱的、爱好的。短语：afondmother慈祥的母亲；befondof=likeverymuch=takepleasurein爱好、喜爱；用法：fond只作表语，不作定语，作定语用favorite代替；fond后不跟不定式，不指一时的爱好。如：I’mfondoftakingawalknow要改为：wouldliketotakeawalk；不喜欢用：notcareto或don’tlike，不用：benotfondof；①Sheisalovelygirl___toallkindsofpartiesandballs.A.isfondofbeinginvitedB.fondofinvitingC.whoisfondoftobeinvitedD.fondofbeinginvited②Inseniormiddleschool,Ienjoyed___footballmatches,butIhavebecome___ofplayingfootballnow.A.watching;fondB.looking;intoC