八年级英语下Unit6 How long have you been collecting shells SectionA

Unit6Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?SectionA1a-2cDidyousleepwelllastnight?Whattimedidyougotobed?Whattimedidyougetupthismorning?Howlongdid

yousleep

lastnight?Isleptfor…·Whendidyoustartclasstoday?·What’sthetimenow?·Areyoustillhavingclassnow?-Ihavebeen

inclass

for…·Howlonghave

you

been

inclasstoday?A:Howlongdidyousleeplastnight?B:Islept

for

…A:Whendidyoustartclasstoday?B:Istartedclass

at…A:Howlong

haveyoubeeninclasstoday?B:Ihavebeeninclass

for…PairworkshellsIlikecollecting

shells.NewwordsashellastampIlike

collecting

stamps.stampsTheyarerunning

amarathon.Theyare

raisingmoneyforcharity.raisemoneyforcharityaskateapairofskatesSheisskating.Sheisaskater.Howlong

hasshebeenplayingcomputer?(fourhours)Shehasbeenplayingcomputerforfourhours.Howlong

hashebeenplayingbaseball?(twohours)Hehasbeenplayingbaseballfortwohours.Howlong

havetheybeenworking?(aweek)Theyhavebeenworking

foraweek.Howlong

hashebeenridingamotorcycle?(tenhours)Hehasbeenridingitfortenhours.A:Howlonghaveyoubeenplayingsoccer?B:I’vebeenplayingsoccerfortwohours.havebeenNow:3:00pmStart:1:00pmIlikeplayingsoccer

Istartedplayingsoccerat1:00pm.I’mstillplayingsoccernow.IstartedteachingEnglishin2002.IamstillteachingEnglishnow.HowlonghaveyoubeenteachingEnglish?

I

havebeenteaching

Englishfor11years.have/has是助动词been是be的过去分词表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，并有可能持续下去．

时态－现在完成进行时（一）构成形式：have/hasbeen+Ving

for+一段时间have/hasbeen+doingsth+since+过去的时间点

since+从句(一般过去时)与过去时的比较：1.IwatchedTVforthreehours.我看了三小时的电视．（我现在没有看电视了）2.IhavebeenwatchingTVforthreehours.我看了三小时的电视．（我现在仍然在看电视）例句

1我已经学了５年的英语了．I

havebeenlearningEnglishfor5years.例句2他已经集邮10年了．Hehasbeencollectingstamps

for10years.Hehasbeencollectingstamps

since10yearsago.Hehasbeencollectingstamps

since1999.画线部分提问：Howlonghashebeencollectingstamps?（二）引导时间的介词for与since的区别forsince表示时间的持续for+时间段表示“自从过去某一时间点以来”since+时间点强调一段时间强调动作或状态一直延续到现在(for与since引导的短语用howlong提问)时间状语for与since引导的短语forfiveminutestendaysfiveyearssinceMay1,20038:00hewassevenyearsoldsevenyearsago成龙（JackieChan）wasborn:1954act:1961~nowHehasbeenacting

for52years.HowlonghasJackieChan

beenacting?Hehasbeenacting

sincehewas7yearsold.Hehasbeenacting

since1961.Traceywasborn:1981

learnEnglish:1994~now

HowlonghasTraceybeenlearningEnglish?ShehasbeenlearningEnglishsince1994.ShehasbeenlearningEnglishfor19years.ShehasbeenlearningEnglishsinceshewas13.ShehasbeenlearningEnglishsince19yearsago.PairworkLinda/30minutesHarry/45minutesAlice4hoursAlan/3hours

2years1hourA:Howlonghashe/shebeen………?B:He/she’sbeen…….for…………1b.Listen.Areporteristalkingtotheparticipantsinaskatingmarathon.Fillinthechartbelow.

Howlong?AlisonI’vebeenskatingforfivehours.SamIskatedforfourhours.VictorCeliaI’vebeenskatingforfivehours.Iskatedfortwohours.PairworkA:HowlonghasAlisonbeenskating?B:She’sbeenskatingforfivehours.A:HowlongdidSamskate?B:Heskatedforfourhours.2aListentotheinterviewwiththeskatingmarathonwinnerandcheckthequestionsyouhear.Questions

Answers

1.Howlongdidyouskatetoday?a.No,Iskatedinamarathonlastyear.

2.Howlonghaveyoubeenskatingtoday?b.Yes,Ido.

3.Wasthisyourfirstskatingmarathon?c.Forsixhours.

4.Doyouskateeveryday?

5.Whendidyougetyourfirstpairofskates?d.SinceIwassevenyearsold.

6.Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?NameHobbyYearsNameHobbyYearsTomskating2Maryswimming3Jackcollectingstamps4Johnplayingbasketball2

1.HowlonghasTombeenskating?Hehasbeenskatingfortwoyears.2.HowlonghasJackbeencollectingstamps?Hehasbeencollectingstampsforfouryears.4.HowlonghasMarybeenswimming?Shehasbeenswimmingforthreeyears.5.HowlonghasJohnbeenplayingbasketball?Hehasbeenplayingbasketballfortwoyears.用for和since填空TheyhavebeenlearningChinese_____theycametoChina.2.Ihaven’tseenher_____alongtime.3.Hehasbeenlivinghere_____2001.4.Shehasbeendoingherhomework____twohours.5.It’s5years_____weleftschool.6.–HowlonghasMarybeenateacher?–_____twoyearsago.HaveatrysinceforsinceforsinceSinceSummary:Newwordsandexpressions:Grammar:collect,shell,marathon,pair,skate,since

现在完成进行时

have/hasbeen+doingsth.

+

for+一段时间

since+过去的时间点

since+从句

(一般过去时)GrammarfocusHowlonghaveyoubeenskating?I’vebeenskating

sincenineo’clock.I’vebeenskating

forfivehours.Howlongdidyouskate?Iskatedfortwohours.定义：表示某动作从过去开始，一直延续到现在,常有可能持续下去,常和表示一段时间的状语连用。时间状语:1.for+一段时间

2.since+过去的时间点

3.since+一般过去时的句子构成：

have/hasbeen+V-ing+……现在完成进行时Grammar:have/has是助动词been是be的过去分词1)I’ve

beenstudyingEnglishsinceIwas4yearsold.自从4岁起我就一直学英语。2)Hehasbeenlivingatthestreetforabout20years.他一直在这条街住了近20年了。3)Shehasbeenlisteningtomusicforthreehourstoday.她今天听了三个小时的音乐了。例如：4)Haveyoubeentalkingwithhimonthephonesince6:00pm?你六点起就一直在给他打电话？5)Howlonghasitbeenraining?雨下多久了？6)Whatbookhaveyoubeenreading

recently?最近你在看什么书？2.由上我们可以总结出现在完成进行时的构成:肯定形式:

have/hasbeen＋(现在分词)doing否定形式为:have/hasnotbeendoing一般疑问句形式:Have/Hassb.beendoingsth.?特殊疑问句形式(询问持续时间长短):Howlonghave/hassb.beendoingsth.?3.注意:for表示时间的持续,后跟时间段。表示一段时间,多与带数词的名词连用,谓语需用延续性动词。since表示“自从过去某一时间点以来”,后面接时间点,强调动作或状态一直延续到现在,

since后可接表时间的名词或名词短语,也可接一个时间状语从句。4.一般过去时、现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别：Howlongdidyouskate?(一般过去时)Howlonghaveyoubeen

skating?(现在完成进行时)Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?(现在完成时)注意:1)一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,该动作已结束,不强调同现在的关系。2)而现在完成进行时表示动作从过去开始发生一直持续进行(到现在),可能仍在进行,也可能停止了一会儿。3)现在完成时强调的是:①表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。②过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的动作或状态,可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。注意这三个时态语意上的差异。YaoMing’ssportslife1980wasborn1989startedplayingbasketballhasbeenplaying24yearsHe

started

playingbasketballin1989.Hehasbeenplayingbasketballsince1989.He

hasbeenplaying

basketballfor24years.2013plays1.Ihavebeenpracticingthepiano____10:30.2.Mariciahasbeenrunning____15minutes.3.Sarahhasbeensleeping_____9:00.4.Dalehasbeentalkingonthephone_____5minutes.5.LouiehasbeenstudyingChinese____hewas6yearsold..6.Ihavebeenwatchingyou____10minutes.

用for和since填空Exercises时态填空:1.Howlong_____you_____(collect)stamps?Forhalfayear.2.Howlong______he____(skate)?SinceI__________(be)tenyearsold.3.When_____he_____(start)learningtodance?In2002.4.We_______(run)ontheplaygroundsince6o’clocka.m.A：你收集贝壳有多长时间了？B:自从我上中学以来。A：Howlong______you___________shells?B：______I_____tomiddleschool.2.

我滑冰已有五个小时了。

I___________________________5hours.3.

A:这是你首次参加滑冰马拉松吗？B:不，去年我参加过。

A:Wasthisyour_______________________?

B:No，I______ina________lastyear.4.

A:你什么时候得到第一双溜冰鞋？B:3年前。

A:Whendidyou______yourfirst__________________?B:Threeyearsago.5.A:他游泳有多长时间了？B:他已游了半小时了。

A:Howlong_______he______________?B:He___________________________halfanhour.1.Tomhasbeenplayingfootballfortwohours.(变否定句)Tom___________________footballfortwohours.2.Thetwinshavebeendoingtheirhomeworksince6:00pm.(改为一般疑问句,并做肯定回答)_______thetwins_____________theirhomeworksince6:00pm?Yes，_______________3.Thegirlhasbeendancingforhalfanhour.(对画线部分提问)____________________thegirlbeendancing?4.Alisahasbeenskatingforfivehours.(写出同义句)Alisahasbeenskating__________________________.5.翻译句子：他们从四点开始就一直在打网球。___________________________________________________。SectionA3a-4HowlonghaveyoubeenlearningEnglish?

WehavebeenlearningEnglishsince2007.We‘vebeenlearningEnglishfor

6years.We’vebeenlearningEnglishsince6yearsago.WhendidyoustartlearningEnglish?WestartedlearningEnglishin2007/6yearsago.2hoursHowlonghasshebeenreading?Shehasbeenreadingfor2hours.Shehasbeenreading

since2hoursago.15minutesHowlonghashebeendrawingapicture?Hehasbeendrawingapicturefor15minutes.since15minutesago.

45minutesHowlonghavetheybeenplayingsoccer?Theyhavebeenplayingsoccerfor

45minutes.since

45minutesago.SheisstillteachingEnglishnow..ShestartedteachingEnglishin1998.-Shehasbeenteaching

English

since1998.15yearsago.Howlong

hasshe

beenteaching

English?for15years.*Hestartedteachingmathwhenhewas20yearsold.Heis50yearsoldnowandheisstillteachingmath.Howlonghashebeenteachingmath?Hehasbeenteaching

math

30yearsago.for

30years.since

hewas20yearsold.Whatis/are…doing?Howlonghas/have...been…?Practicewithyourpartnerusing

since/for:

20minutes

halfanhouranhourPairwork

1year

5years50minutesWritethequestions:1_____________________________________Hehasbeenstandingthereforfourhours.2_____________________________________IhavebeenridingabikesinceIwastenyearsold.3____________________________________________Shehasbeenwalkingforfivehours.4.____________________________________I’vebeenwatchingTVsince7:00.5.____________________________________He’sbeenwaitingforthetrainforanhour.Howlonghasshebeenwalking?Howlonghaveyoubeenridingabike?Howlonghashebeenstandingthere?HowlonghaveyouwatchingTV?Howlonghashebeenwaitingforthetrain?Readthepassageandthencompletethetable3aNameHasbeenskatingforAlison5hoursSam4hoursLuNing4hoursLiChen1hour1.Whyarestudentsskating?2.Howmuchdoeseachstudentraiseforeveryhourtheyskate?3.Howlonghastheskatingmarathonbeengoing?4.Whowasthefirsttostart?5.Howlonghashebeenskating?Reading–SectionA3aToraisemoneyforcharity.Tenyuan.Forfivehours.Alisonwasthefirsttostart.Hehasbeenskatingforfivehours.6.HowlonghaveSamandLuNingbeenskating?7.Whowasthelastone?8.Whendidhestart?9.Howlonghashebeenskating?Theyhavebeenskatingforfourhours.LiChenwasthelastone.Hestartedanhourago.Hehasbeenskatingforanhour.9am10am11am12am1pm2pmAlisonSamLuNingLiChenIt’snow2pm.Writethestudents’namesfromactivity3aonthetimeline.3bforwholeraisetoskatestillhasI’mtalking

youfromtheHilltopSchoolSkatingMarathon.Here,studentsareskatingtoraisemoneyforcharity.Foreveryhourthey

,eachstudent

tenyuanforcharity.Theskatingmarathon

beengoingforfivehoursnow,andseveralskatersare

skating.Alisonwasthefirstonetostart,andhasbeenskatingforthe

fivehours.NextisSam,andhehasbeenskating

fourhours.LuNinghasbeenskatingforfourhourstoo,andLiChenjuststartedanhourago.toskateraiseshasstillwholeforLanguagepoints1.Studentsareskatingtoraisemoneyforcharity.raisevt.举起risevi.起身,升起(太阳、月亮等)raiseone’shand

举手raiseone’shattosb.

向某人举帽致敬raiseachild

养育孩子raisefunds

筹集资金

raisesalaries增加薪水raisemoney

筹钱,筹款2.Foreveryhourtheyskate,eachstudentraisestenyuanforcharity.每滑一小时,每个学生为慈善机构筹集10元钱。every,each

都表“每一”,但every指大家具有的共性,every还等于all表示全体齐全,一个不缺;而each强调每个人或事物有着各自互不相同的个性或差异性。此外every还可表每隔(一段时间/距离)。例如：Everystudentishere.学生都到齐了。Everytwoweekshegoestovisithisfriendsinthetown.他每隔一周去看一次他在城镇的朋友。Eachpersonhashisownadvantages.每个人都有他的优势(长处)。Eachstoryhasaninterestingname.每个故事都有一个有趣的名字。3.Alisonwasthefirstonetostart,andhasbeenskatingforthewholefivehours.Alison是第一个开始滑的,并且已滑了足足5个小时。注:序数词前必须用定冠词the,后接名词或代词。句中不定式短语“tostart”作后置定语修饰代词one,one指代滑冰的人。whole

adj.“整个的,完整的”,前常加“the”或物主代词。eg.Iwanttogettoknowthewholestory.Heputshiswholelifeoneducation.Ilike…What’syourhobby?A:Whatdoyoulike?B:Ilikeplayingbasketball.A:Whendidyoustart…ing…?B:Istarted…ing……A:Howlonghaveyoubeen…ing…?B:Ihavebeen…ing…for/since…TalkaboutyourhobbyName:JackieChan

Job:actorHobby:playinggolfstartedplayinggolf:1990.Name:JayZhouJob:singerHobby:writingsongsstartedwritingsongs:1995.Let’swriteInterviewWhat’syourname?NancyHowoldareyou?thirteenWhereareyoufrom?EnglandWhatdoyoulikedoing?skatingWhydoyoulikeit?Becauseit’sfun.Howlonghaveyoubeen___?sevenyearsDoyourparentssupportyou?Yes.What’sthedifficult?Idon’thaveenoughmoney.ReportIhaveanewfriend.HernameisNancy.Sheisthirteen.SheisfromEngland.Shelikesskating.Andshehasbeenskatingforsevenyears.Herparentssupportherverymuch.Butshesaid:“Idon’thaveenoughtimetopractice.”Homework:Writeasmallintroductionaboutyournewfriendusingthenewsentencewelearntoday.1）开始上课

2）在课堂上3）滑冰马拉松赛

4）第一双滑冰鞋

5)从我七岁开始6)从九点开始用all或whole填空：7.Mygrandfathertoldmethe_________story.8.Mybrotherwashungry,heate_______thecakes.A.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。1.They’llorganizeaconcerttor______moneyforthedisaster.2Shehass________goodfriendshere,butnottoomany.3.C__________stampsismyhobby.4.Shehasbeenswimmings_______shewastwoyearsold.5.今天他是最后一个到校的学生。Hewasthelaststudent__________________today.6.他是第一个赢得这个奖的音乐家。Hewasthefirstmus