英语语法被动语态

ThePassiveVoice

被动语态英语语法了解被动语态被动语态构成：be+P.P2、形式:1）一般现在时：am/is/are+P.P

1.英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态2)一般过去时：was/were+P.P3)情态动词+be+P.P4)一般将来时：will+be+p.p5)现在完成时：have/has+been+P.P6)现在进行时态：is/am/are+being+P.P1.Bananas

aregrown

inHainan.(海南种植香焦。）2.Manymoretrees

willbeplanted

inourschoolnextyear.（我们学校明年将种更多的树。）3.Were

thetrees

planted

byhim.这些树是他种的吗？4.Youngtrees

mustbelookedafter.

(必须照看好小树）5.Thebuilding

isbeingbuilt.(那栋楼房正在建设中。）6.Thehomework

hasbeenfinished

yet.（家作已经做完了。）1.Heteaches

English

inourschool.

Englishistaughtinourschoolbyhim.语态转换宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动be加done,时态看主动2.We

plantedmanytreeslastyears.Manytrees

wereplanted

byuslastyear.过去时的被动语态：was/were+P.P3.We

shouldplantmanymoretrees.Manymoretreesshouldbeplantedbyus.含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+PP4.ShewillteachClass6.Class6willbetaughtbyher.将来时的被动语态：Will/shall+be+PP5.Manycountrieshavesentupsatellitesintospace.Satelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.完成时的被动语:Have/has+been+PP现在进行时的被动语态：is+being+pp6.SheisteachingClass6.Class6isbeingtaughtbyher.I

wasgiven

abook

byher.Abook

wasgiven

tome

byher.7.Shegave

me

abook.如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell…）8.Hemademe

do

thework.

Iwasmade

todo

theworkbyhim.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。（feel,listento,hear,lethave,make,lookat,see,watch…)9.They

takegoodcareof

thebaby.Thebabyis

takengoodcareof

bythem.注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。1Stamps______bypeopleforsendingletters.A.useB.usingC.usedD.areused.2.Mustoldpeople_____topolitely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokeD.bespoken3.Bikemustn’t_____everywhere.A.beupB.beputC.putC.putting4.Thewomanfelloffthebikeand____ontheroad.A.layB.waslainC.liedD.haslainDDBA5.Theoldmanandthechildren_____inourcountry.A.musttakegoodcare.B.mustbetakegoodcareofC.musttakegoodcareofDmustbetakengoodcareof6.Alltreesmust_____wellwhenitisdry.A.bewaterB.wateringC.waterD.bewatered7.__Ithinktheshop_____________.__No,it’sopen.It_____________atsix.close,closeBclosed,closedC.closed;closesD.isclosed,closesDDD将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。

1.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.

Thework_______________intwodays.

2.TheyproducesilkinSuzhou.

Silk___________inSuzhou.

3.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.

AnEnglishsong_______________bythechildren.

4.Youneedn'tdoitnow.

It___________________byyounow.

5.LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek.

ANewYearCard____________mebyLucylast

week.

6.Hemademedothatforhim.

I__________________thatforhim.

7.Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary.

Thisbook_________________tothelibrary.canbefinishedisproducedwillbesungneedn’tbedonewassenttowasmadetodohasbeengivenAtrafficaccident________(happen)justnow.happened2.连系动词（Link.v.)

如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writesThiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物动词（vi.)

如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,…不用被动语态的动词：1.Largenumbersofplasticbags_________(use)inthesupermarketseveryday.2._____ourcountry____(send)upanotherman-madesatellitelastyear?3.Musttheoldpeople___________(speak)topolitely?4.Hergrandmawasstillalivewhenhe_________(take)tothehospital.5.English__________(speak)inmanycounties.areusedDidsendbespokenwastakenisspoken6.Threequartersoftheworld’sbooks____________(write)inEnglish.7.Thiskindofsweater__________(sell)well.8._________Lesson50___________(teach)nextweek?arewrittensellsWillbetaught

Fillintheblanksusingrightforms:1.Allthestudents__________(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.2.Aremanyways_______(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?3.—Whatareonshowinthemuseum?—Somephotos_________(take)byAmericanchildren.4.Thiscoat_________(wash)well.9.Haveyoufoundyournecklace________(偷)lastweek?6.I’moften_________(警告）nottocopyothers’homework.7.Hecouldn’texplainwhydinosaurs___________(消失).8.I’llhavemybike__________________(修理)tomorrow.5.Musttheoldpeople____________(speak)topolitely?10.ThePRCwas_________(成立)onOctober1,1949.wereasked

triedtakenwashesbespokenwarneddisappearedmended／repairedstolenfounded1.现在进行时态表将来go,come,leave,get,arrive,meet,seeoff,takeoff,return,start,fly,stay,etc.e.g.I’mleavingatseventonight2.Whentheplane,thetrain,thebus,meetingplan,filmandprogrammeareusedasthesubject,theseverbsshouldbeusedinsimplePresentTense.e.g.TheplanetoLondonleavesat9:30tomorrowmorning.Thefilmbeginsat6:00.3.Thepresenttenseisusedforthefutureinaclauseintroducedby“when”,“if”,“before”,“till/until”,“everytime”,“bythetime”,“assoonas”,“themoment”.e.g.Weshallnotgooutforahike

ifitrainstomorrow.一般将来时的被动语态用法例析一般将来时的被动语态是被动语态学习中的难点,也是重点。本文通过对若干典型例题的分析,对其进行了归纳和总结,希望对同学们有所帮助。 1.基本结构一:shall/will+be+done 【经典例题1】Ipromisethatthismatter_____nextweek. A.willbetakencare B.willtakecareof C.willtakegoodcare D.willbetakencareof

【思路点拨】

选D。从题干不难看出,一是从句中的thismatter和takecareof是被动关系;二是takecareof是固定搭配,不能拆开;三是相对于promise来说,takecareof是将要发生的动作。故从句谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。【经典例题2】Thesedictionaries_____thelibraryagain(byyou).A.willbetakenoutof B.won’tbetakenoutofC.willtakeoutof D.won’ttakeoutof

【思路点拨】选B。由题干结构及句意可知,此题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态的否定式。 另外,我们还应注意:其疑问式为Shall/Will+主语+be+done...?或特殊疑问词+shall/will+主语+be+done...?2.基本结构二:be(am/is/are)goingto+be+done【经典例题1】Theclass____oneverythingtheyhavelearntthisyear. A.isgoingtobeexamining B.aregoingtoexamine C.isgoingtobeexamined D.aregoingtobeexamined

【思路点拨】选D。题中theclass指全班同学,谓语动词应用复数形式,并且主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。【经典例题2】Anexhibitionofpainting_____attheartmuseumwhenhecomesbackfromabroad. A.isgoingtohold B.isgoingtobeheld C.aregoingtohold D.aregoingtobeheld

【思路点拨】选B。根据题意,此处应用一般将来时的被动语态,而且主谓应保持一致。现在进行时的被动语态“四注意”一.注意不可遗漏being 现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行的一个被动的动作,强调主语是动作的承受者,其构成为“am/is/are+being+动词的过去分词”。如果我们把being漏掉,就成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。如:*Look!Thechildrenarebeingtakencareofbytheiraunt.瞧!那些孩子正由他们的姑妈照看着。*Childrenaretakengoodcareofatschool. 孩子们在学校被照看得很好。(指通常情况)*Thereportisbeingwrittenbyoneofthebeststudents.报告正在由一名最好的学生写着呢。*Thereportiswellwritten. 这个报告写得很好。(系表结构)二.注意现在进行时的被动语态也可以表示将来 现在进行时的被动语态有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动的动作(此种用法仅限于少数及物动词)。如: Apartyisbeingheldtonight. 今晚将要举行一场晚会。三.注意没有现在进行时的被动语态的动词 一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在”等的动词,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态,而常用一般现在时的被动语态。如: XiaoWang,comehere.Youarewantedonthephone.小王,过来,有你的电话。 Footballisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Inotherwords,itislovedbymoreandmorepeople.足球现在越来越流行了,换句话说,它被越来越多的人喜爱。

.四.注意“be+under/in等介词+名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。如: Theproblemisunderdiscussion(isbeingdiscussed)atthemeeting. 这个问题正在会上讨论。 Thetelephoneisinuse(=isbeingused)now.这部电话正在使用中。