2023年中国建设银行招聘考试模拟试题英语部分

中国建设银行招聘考试模拟试题英语部分第三部分

英语部分Passage

1

Over

the

past

decade,

American

companies

have

tried

hard

to

find

ways

to

discourage

senior

from

feathering

their

own

nests

at

the

expense

of

their

shareholders.

The

three

most

popular

reforms

have

been

recruiting

more

outside

directors

in

order

to

make

boards

more

independent,

linking

bosses’pay

to

various

performance

measures,

and

giving

bosses

share

options,

so

that

they

have

the

same

long-term

interests

as

their

shareholders.These

reforms

have

been

widely

adopted

by

American’s

larger

companies,

and

surveys

suggest

that

many

more

companies

are

thinking

of

following

their

lead.

But

have

they

done

any

good?

Three

papers

presented

at

the

annual

meeting

of

the

Academy

of

Management

in

Boston

this

week

suggest

not.

As

is

usually

the

case

with

boardroom

tinkering,

the

consequences

have

differed

from

those

intended.Start

with

those

independent

boards.

On

the

face

of

it,

dismissing

the

boss’s

friends

from

the

board

and

replacing

them

with

outsiders

looks

a

perfect

way

to

make

senior

managers

more

accountable.

But

that

is

not

the

conclusion

of

a

study

by

Professor

James

Westphal.

Instead,

he

found

that

bosses

with

a

boardroom

full

of

outsides

spend

much

of

their

time

building

alliances,

doing

personal

favors

and

generally

pleasing

the

outsiders.All

too

often,

these

seductions

succeed.

Mr.Westphal

found

that,

to

a

remarkable

degree,

“independent”

boards

pursue

strategies

that

are

likely

to

favor

senior

managers

rather

than

shareholders.

Such

companies

diversify

their

business,

increase

the

pay

of

executives

and

weaken

the

link

between

pay

and

performance.To

assess

the

impact

of

performance

related

pay,

Mr.Westphal

asked

the

bosses

of

103

companies

with

sales

of

over

$1

billion

what

measurements

were

used

to

determine

their

pay.

The

measurements

varied

widely,

ranging

from

sales

to

earnings

per

share.

But

the

researcher’s

big

discovery

was

that

bosses

attend

to

measures

that

affect

their

own

incomes

and

ignore

or

play

down

other

factors

that

affect

a

company’s

overall

success.In

short,

bosses

are

quick

to

turn

every

imaginable

system

of

corporate

government

to

their

advantage—which

is

probably

why

they

are

the

people

who

are

put

in

charge

of

things.

Here

is

a

paradox

for

the

management

theorists:

any

boss

who

cannot

beat

a

system

designed

to

keep

him

under

control

is

probably

not

worth

having.1.

What

is

the

purpose

of

the

large

companies

in

recruiting

outsiders

and

putting

them

on

the

board

of

directors?A)

To

diversify

the

business

of

the

corporation.B)

To

enhance

the

cooperation

between

the

senior

managers

and

the

board

directors.C)

To

introduce

effective

reforms

in

business

management.D)

To

protect

the

interests

of

the

shareholders.2.

What

does

Professor

James

Westphal’s

study

suggest?A)

Boardroom

reforms

have

failed

to

achieve

the

desired

result.B)

Outside

board

directors

tend

to

be

more

independent.C)

With

a

boardroom

full

of

outsiders,

senior

managers

work

more

conscientiously.D)

Cooperation

between

senior

managers

and

board

directors

suffered

from

the

reforms.3.

The

word

“seduction”(Line

1,Para.4)

probably

means

“

”.A)

efforts

to

conquerB)

attempts

to

win

overC)

endeavors

to

increase

profitsD)

exertions

to

understand4.

Which

of

the

following

statements

is

true?A)

Corporate

executives

in

general

are

worth

the

high

pay

they

receive.B)

The

income

of

corporate

executives

is

proportional

to

the

growth

of

corporate

profits.C)

Corporate

executives

tend

to

take

advantage

of

their

position

to

enrich

themselves.D)

The

performance

of

corporate

executives

affects

their

own

interests

more

than

those

of

the

shareholders.5.

How

does

the

author

feel

about

the

efforts

to

control

senior

executives?A)

Doubtful.

B)

Optimistic.

C)

Positive.

D)

Approving.

Passage

2

U.S.

college

students

are

increasingly

burdened

with

credit

card

debt,

according

to

a

study

released

Tuesday,

and

the

consequences

can

be

serious--ranging

from

higher

drop-out

rates

to

future

employment

problems

and

even

suicide.

Based

on

hundreds

of

face-to-face

interviews

and

surveys

with

students,

sociologist

Robert

Manning

of

Georgetown

University

concluded

both

the

number

with

credit

card

debt

and

their

indebtedness

had

been

"systematically

underreported"

in

previous

studies

which

failed

to

reflect

the

"survival

strategies"

many

used

to

cope

with

their

debts.

These

included

the

use

of

federal

student

loans

to

pay

off

credit

cards,

effectively

shifting

the

debt,

appeals

to

parents

for

loans,

cutting

back

on

course

work

to

increase

time

at

paid

jobs,

or

even

dropping

out

altogether

to

work

full

time.

"Official

dropout

rates

include

growing

numbers

of

students

who

are

unable

to

cope

with

the

stress

of

their

debts

and/or

part

time

jobs

for

servicing

their

credit

cards,"

the

study

said.

Even

then,

debts

can

haunt

students.

"Student

credit

card

debts

are

increasingly

scrutinized

during

the

recruitment

process

and

may

be

an

important

factor

in

evaluating

prospective.

employee,"

it

noted.

And

the

stress

can

also

manifest

in

far

more

tragic

ways.

Janne

O'Donnell's

2g-year-old

son,

a

junior

at

the

University

of

Oklahoma,

committed

O'Donnell

and

Manning

agreed

students

should

bear

some

responsibility

for

reckless

use

of

credit,

but

said

credit

card

companies

also

had

to

be

held

accountable

for

making

it

so

easy

for

them

to

get

into

debt.

Manning

said

one

of

the

most

disturbing

aspects

of

the

student

credit

card

issue

was

"the

seduction

of

college

and

university

administrators

by

the

credit

card

industry."

Card

issuers

were

sponsoring

school

programs,

funding

activities

and

even

entering

into

business

partnerships

with

schools

involving

college-branded

"affinity"

cards,

he

said.

"As

a

result,

rather

than

protecting

the

economic

and

educational

interests

of

their

students,

college

administrators

are

playing

an

active

and

often

disingenuous

role

in

promoting

the

prominence

of

credit

cards

in

collegiate

life."

1.

Which

is

NOT

one

of

the

strategies

American

students

may

use

to

deal

with

their

credit

card

debt?

A)

Use

federal

student

loans.

B)

Seek

part-time

jobs

to

get

money.

C)

Promote

the

prominence

of

credit

cards.

D)

Ask

parents

to

help

them

pay

the

debt.

2.

Which

may

NOT

be

the

consequence

of

students'

credit

card

debt?

A)

High

drop-out

rates.

B)

Enter

into

business

partnerships

with

schools.

C)

Commit

suicide.

D)

Future

employment

problems.

3.

Who

should

be

least

criticized

for

negative

consequences

of

students'

credit

card

debt

according

to

the

passage?

A)

Parents.

B)

Students

themselves.

C)

College

and

university

administrators.

D)

Credit

card

issuers.

4.

The

main

idea

of

this

passage

is

______.

A)

negative

consequences

of

students'

using

credit

card

B)

college

administrators

are

playing

their

proper

roles

in

promoting

credit

cards

C)

card

issuers

or

college

administrators

promoted

credit

card

D)

reasons

for

high

drop-out

rates

in

universities

5.

We

can

infer

from

the

passage

that

______.

A)

students

should

not

have

part-time

jobs

B)

credit

cards

should

not

be

used

C)

if

there

is

no

credit

card,

college

students

may

not

commit

suicide

D)

college

students

should

learn

to

wisely

manage

their

personal

financesPassage

3

In

the

first

year

or

so

of

Web

business,

most

of

the

action

has

revolved

around

efforts

to

tap

the

consumer

market.

More

recently,

as

the

Web

proved

to

be

more

than

a

fashion,

companies

have

started

to

buy

and

sell

products

and

services

with

one

another.

Such

business-to-business

sales

make

sense

because

businesspeople

typically

know

what

product

they're

looking

for.

However,

many

companies

still

hesitate

to

use

the

Web

because

of

doubts

about

its

reliability.

"Businesses

need

to

feel

they

can

trust

the

pathway

between

them

and

the

supplier,"

says

senior

analyst

Blane

Erwin

of

Forrester

Research.

Some

companies

are

limiting

the

risk

by

conducting

online

transactions

only

with

established

business

partners.

Another

major

shift

in

the

model

for

Internet

commerce

concerns

the

technology

available

for

marketing.

Until

recently,

Internet

marketing

activltie8

have

focused

on

strategies

to

"pull"

customers

into

sites.

In

the

past

year,

however,

software

companies

have

developed

tools

that

allow

companies

to

"push"

information

directly

out

to

customers,

transmitting

marketing

messages

directly

to

targeted

customers.

Most

notably,

the

Point

cast

Network

uses

a

screen

saver

to

deliver

a

continually

updated

stream

of

news

and

advertisements

to

subscribers'

computer

monitors.

Subscribers

can

customize

the

information

they

want

to

receive

and

proceed

directly

to

a

company's

Web

site.

Companies

such

as

Virtual

Vineyards

are

already

starting

to

use

similar

technologies

to

push

messages

to

customers

about

special

sales,

product

offering,

or

other

events.

But

push

technology

has

earned

the

contempt

of

many

Web

users.

Inline

culture

thinks

highly

of

the

notion

that

the

information

flowing

onto

the

screen

comes

there

by

specific

request.

Once

commercial

promotion

begins

to

fill

the

screen

uninvited,

the

distinction

between

the

Web

and

television

fades.

But

it

is

hardly

inevitable

that

companies

on

the

Web

will

need

to

resort

to

push

strategies

to

make

money.

The

examples

of

Virtual

Vineyards,

Amazon:

com

and

other

pioneers

show

that

a

Web

site

selling

the

right

kind

of

products

with

the

right

mix

of

interactivity,

hospitality,

and

security

will

attract

online

customers.

And

the

cost

of

computing

power

continues

to

fall,

which

is

a

good

sign

for

any

enterprise

setting

up

shop

in

silicon.

People

looking

back

5

or

10

years

from

now

may

well

wonder

why

so

few

companies

took

the

online

plunge.

1.

We

learn

from

the

beginning

of

the

text

that

Web

businesses

______.

A)

has

been

striving

to

expand

its

market

B)

intended

to

follow

a

fanciful

fashion

C)

tried

but

in

vain

to

control

the

market

D)

has

been

booming

for

one

year

or

so

2.

Speaking

of

the

online

technology

available

for

marketing,

the

author

implies

that

______.

A)

the

technology

is

popular

with

many

Web

users

B)

businesses

have

faith

in

the

reliability

of

online

transactions

C)

there

is

a

radical

change

in

strategy

D)

it

is

accessible

limitedly

to

established

partners

3.

In

view

of

Net

purists,

______.

A)

there

should

be

no

marketing

messages

in

online

culture

B)

money

making

should

be

given

priority

to

on

the

Web

C)

the

Web

should

be

able

to

function

as

the

television

set

D)

there

should

be

no

online

commercial

information

without

requests

4.

We

learn

from

the

last

paragraph

that

______.

A)

pushing

information

on

the

Web

is

essential

to

Internet

commerce

B)

interactivity,

hospitality

and

security

are

important

to

marketing

C)

leading

companies

began

to

take

the

online

plunge

decades

ago

D)

setting

up

shops

in

silicon

is

independent

of

the

cost

of

computing

power

5.

The

purpose

of

the

author

in

writing

the

text

is

to

______.

A)

urge

active

participation

in

online

business

B)

elaborate

on

various

marketing

strategies

C)

compare

Web

business

with

traditional

commerce

D)

illustrate

the

transition

from

the

push

to

pull

strategy答案解析Passage

1

1.【答案】D。解析：D

细节理解题解题根据为本文第一段第一、二句"Over

the

past

decade,

American

companies

have

tried

hard

to

find

ways

to

discourage

senior

from

feathering

their

own

nests

at

the

expense

of

their

shareholders.

The

three

most

popular

reforms

have

been

recruiting

more

outside

directors

in

order

to

make

boards

more

independent."此句大意为:在过去旳十年里,美国企业力图寻求措施以制止资深管理者以牺牲股东利益为代价损公肥私旳行为。为此采用了最流行旳三种改革措施，如招录外来董事以使董事会愈加独立。由此我们可推知招录外来董事旳目旳是为了保护股东旳利益。其中to

feather

their

own

nests意为"构筑自己旳窝"；at

the

expense

of

their

shareholders意为"以股东旳利益为代价"。2.【答案】A。解析：A

细节推论题文章第二段最终一句"the

consequences

have

differed

from

those

intended"表明改革旳成果是事与愿违，这是一种总旳结论。第三、四、五段是详细阐明，重要是引用了Westphal旳调查成果。因此，本题答案应当是A。3.【答案】B。

解析：B

词义判断题文章第三段最终讲外来董事会旳老板们会花诸多时间建立联盟,施惠于个人以讨好外来董事,第四段开始接着说这些手段一般是成功旳,由此我们可以推知老板旳这些手段是为了争取外来董事而结成联盟,

进而可推知B对旳。4.【答案】C。解析：C

细节判断题本题可用排除法。选项A(企业高层应拿高薪)文章未提及;

选项B(企业高层旳收入与企业增长旳利润成比例)也未提及;

选项D(企业高层旳体现比那些股东更会影响其自身利益)文章同样未提及;

选项C(企业高层倾向于运用其地位肥己)与文章第五段最终一句所述之意相符。5.【答案】A。解析：

A

观点态度题纵观全文,作者所述三项改革举措并未收到预期旳效果,反而适得其反,事与愿违,由此我们可判断作者对其最终旳成果显然持怀疑态度，故对旳答案为A,B选项(乐观旳)、C选项(肯定旳)和D选项(赞成旳)均排除。Passage

21.【答案】C。解析：C

细节题。文中第二段提及“These

included

the

use

of

federal

student

loans

to

pay

off

credit

cards，effectively

shifting

the

debt，appeals

to

parents

for

loans，cutting

back

on

course

work

to

increase

time

at

paid

jobs，or

even

dropping

out

altogether

to

work

full

time．”，因此，对旳答案为C项。选项C是college

administrators从事旳活动，不是美国学生。2.【答案】B。解析：B

细节题。文中开篇提到“the

consequences

can

be

serious-ranging

from

higher

drop-

out

rates

to

future

employment

problems

and

even

suicide”，最终一段谈到“Card

issuers

were

sponsoring

school

programs，funding

activities

and

even

entering

into

business

partnerships

with

schools”，由此可以看出选项B是card

issuers从事旳活动，而不是美国学生，更不是使用credit

card旳后果。因此，对旳答案为B项。3.【答案】A。解析：A

细节题。文末倒数第二句、第三句中提到了“students，card

companies，university

administrators”都应当为信用卡负面影响负责。因此，对旳答案为A项。4.【答案】A。解析：A

主旨题。本文首句即提到“U．S．college

students

are

increasingly

burdened

with

credit

card

debt”，第二段主旨是“growing

numbers

of

students

who

are

unable

to

cope

with

the

stress

of

their

debts

and/or

part

time

jobs

for

servicing

the