2021年北京市中考英语试卷真题及答案详解（精校版）

试卷第=page1212页，共=sectionpages1212页试卷第=page1111页，共=sectionpages1212页2021年北京市中考真题英语姓名_____________准考证号_____________考场号_____________座位号_____________考生须知1.本试卷共10页,共两部分,共39题,满分60分,考试时间90分钟。2.在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上、选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字签字笔作答。5.考试结束,请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。第一部分本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．Mary’sbirthdayiscoming.We’vedecidedtomakeacakefor________.A．him B．her C．you D．them2．SpaceDayofChinafalls________April24theveryyear.A．on B．by C．at D．in3．—________shallwemeetforthepicnic?—Attheschoolgate.A．How B．When C．Why D．Where4．—Sam,________Ijoinyouinthecommunityservice?—Ofcourseyoucan.A．can B．must C．should D．need5．Thedoctorsworkedfortenhours,________nobodytookabreak.A．so B．for C．but D．or6．TheteacherisgladtoseethatTonyis________thanbefore.A．careful B．morecareful C．mostcareful D．themostcareful7．—Peter,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,I________areportaboutnationalheroes.A．willwrite B．amwriting C．wrote D．havewritten8．MyparentsandI________treeslastSunday.A．plant B．willplant C．areplanting D．planted9．—Lily,whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?—I________exercisewithmyfriends.A．do B．did C．willdo D．wasdoing10．Mr.Smith________Chinesefortwoyears.

He’smuchbetteratitnow.A．learns B．waslearning C．haslearned D．willlearn11．Today,manywinterOlympicsports________evenbychildren.A．enjoyed B．enjoy C．wereenjoyed D．areenjoyed12．—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—NextThursdaymorning.A．whenwevisitedtheCapitalMuseum B．whendidwevisittheCapitalMuseumC．whenwewillvisittheCapitalMuseum D．whenwillwevisittheCapitalMuseum二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。ThePictureofPeaceWhenMikewasseven,heknewhisdreamwastobeaphotographer.

Hekeptworkingonitforyears.Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset(日落)toentertheschool_____13_____competition.“Mom,ithasbeencloudythesedays.

Idon’tthinkIcangetthispicture!”Mikecomplained.“Whynotuseoneofyourphotosonthecomputer?”suggestedMom.“Ican’t—therulessaythephotoshavetobetakenwithatraditionalcamera.Wehandinarolloffilm,itgetsdeveloped(冲洗胶卷),andwe_____14_____onephotoforthecompetition.”“Whyisasunsetsoimportant?”Momasked.“The_____15_____ofthecompetitionispeace,”Mikeexplained,“andIfeelmostpeacefulseeingasunset.”Zach,hissix-year-oldbrothercameoutofthebedroom.“Hey,youwanttotakeapictureofme?Look!”Heputbotharmsoverhishead.“Notrightnow,”saidMike,laughing.Thatveryafternoon,Mikefeltexcitedwhenhesawclearskies.Hecarefullylineduphisshot(镜头)andwaited_____16_____tillthesunreachedtheground.“That’sit!Perfect!”heshoutedcheerfully.Thenextmorning,Mikenoticedhecouldtakeonemorepicturetocompletetherolloffilm,sohewalkedintoZach’sroom.Zachwas_____17_____quietlywithateddybearunderhisarm.Mikedidn’twakeZachup,andcarefullytookapictureofhim.Aweeklater,Mikegotthephotos.Thesunsetpicturewastheonehewasmost_____18_____tosee.Thereitwas!ItwasasnearlyperfectasMikehadexpected.Then,helookedthroughtheotherphotos.Suddenly,hestopped.Hiseyebrows(眉毛)roseashe

_____19_____thephotoofZach.Helookedbackatthephotoofthesunset,whichseemedlessperfectnow.He

_____20_____thetwochoices.Finally,hedecidedtohandinthephotoofZachforthecompetition.13．A．violin B．tennis C．photo D．chess14．A．choose B．collect C．describe D．design15．A．prize B．topic C．result D．purpose16．A．politely B．bravely C．hopefully D．secretly17．A．playing B．reading C．writing D．sleeping18．A．afraid B．eager C．surprised D．confused19．A．studied B．shared C．copied D．fixed20．A．changed B．offered C．accepted D．weighed三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。AYoungHeroesforthePlanetNowadays,peoplearoundtheworldareworkingtohelpourplanet.Checkouthowthefouryoungadultsmadeadifference.SavingPandasWhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.Healsosoldtoypandastoraisemoneytoprotectpandasindanger.“Ihopetoencouragemorepeopletocareaboutpandas,”Jacksays.GrowingRightKathy,14,setupanorganizationtoeducatepeopleaboutgrowingrightplantinrightplaces.Shealsowroteabooktohelppeoplelearnwhatplantsarenativeto(本土的)theirarea.CreatingEnergyAttheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.Itcollectsheatfromfieldstomakeelectricity(电),Lindasaysherinventioncreateselectricityinawaythatislessharmfultotheenvironment.CleaningUpPatrick,13,joinedtheOceanHeroesCamplastyear.Hestartedaprojectandpickedupplasticwastearoundnearbylakeswithhisfriends.Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.21．Whostartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas?A．Jack. B．Kathy. C．Linda. D．Patrick.22．HowoldwasLindawhensheinventedSuperE?A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14.23．WhatwasthegoalofPatrick’sproject?A．Tofightplasticpollution. B．ToprotectpandasindangerC．Tolearnaboutnativeplants. D．Touseheattomakeelectricity.BWhenIwasintheeighthgrade,myclasswasassigned(指派)tobefriendswiththesecond-gradekids.IgotthislittlegirlnamedShelley.ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold.

Shewassmallforherage,andshedidn’tplaywiththeotherkidsinherclass.Itriedallkindsofthingstogethertotalktome.Iboughthertoys,crayonsandcandies.ButtryasImight,nothingworked.Onetime,Igaveheracoloringbookandsaid,“Shelley,nowyoucancoloratanytime.”Shelleylookedatthecoloringbookandthenlookedupatme,andfinallylookedaway.Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.ItoldherthatIfeltlonelywhenIwaswithmyclassmates,andhowIthoughtonlymyteacherslikedme.Ialsotoldherthateverydaywasabattle(战役)formeandIfoughtbacktearssopeoplewouldn’tknowhowmuchIwashurting.Shesattherejustlistening,tryingtodecidewhetherIwaslyingornot.Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.Andthenshedidtheunthinkable.Shesaid,“Thankyou.”Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.Lookingbackatthis,I’minawe(惊叹),becauseallIdidwastohelpherrealizethatshewasn’talone.Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.24．WhatwasShelleylikewhenthewriterfirstsawher?A．Cold. B．Lazy. C．Noisy. D．Slow.25．InordertogetthroughtoShelley,thewriter________.A．wroteherabook B．madeheratoy C．drewherapicture D．toldherastory26．Shelleychangedalotbecausesherealizedthat________.A．herteacherslovedher B．herclassmateswerekindC．thewriterunderstoodher D．shehadtostudyevenharderCSchoolGardensCouldHelpChildrenTryMoreVegetablesIt’snotalwaysenjoyableforchildrentoeatvegetables.Butwhatifagardenisbuiltintheschool?Newresearchsuggeststhatagardeningprograminschoolscanincreasechildren’svegetableintake(摄入量).HowtheStudyWasCarriedOutThestudywascarriedoutineightschools.Eachschoolwasinthegardeningprogramforoneschoolyear.Everychildingrades3-5receivedatotalofeighteen60-minutelessonsacrosstheschoolyear.Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables.TheBenefitsChildrenCouldGetThestudyfoundthatvegetableintakeifthechildrenwhogrewtheirownproduceincreasedgreatlyacrosstheyear.Relatedstudiesshowthatincreasedvegetableintakecanimprovehealthandcuttheriskofchronicdiseases(慢性疾病).Notonlyaretherebenefitstohealth,increasingthevarietyofvegetableschildrenareexposed(接触)tomayalsomakemealtimesmucheasier.”Childrenwhoareoftenexposedtoavarietyofvegetablesaremorelikelytotrynewfoods,”explainsDr.KerryJones.Forchildren,growingtheirownfoodisapowerfultooltoincreasetheirintakeofthefood.28Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful.“Ifchildrenarelearningaboutvegetablesatschool,it’simportanttoencouragethisinterest,”saysJones.Parentscanlistentotheirchildrenaboutwhattheyhavelearnedandreadthehandoutstheybringhomefromschool.Parentsandchildrencanalsoreadbookstogether.

Youngerchildrencanenjoyreadingstoriesaboutvegetableswithparentswhoofferusefulmessages.Olderchildrenmayenjoysearchingthroughcookbookswithparentstofindnewdinnerideastocookvegetablesinatastyway.Besides,asmallplanterboxinasunnypartathomecanencouragechildrentounderstandmoreaboutwheretheirfoodcomesfrom.Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce.Ifchildrenaretaughttoenjoyvegetablesearlyinlife,theywillprobablycontinueeatingvegetablesinthelongterm.27．Whatdidchildrendointhegardeningprogram?A．Theydidresearchonnewplants. B．Theygrewfreshproduceatschool.C．Theytookhomegreenvegetables D．Theybuiltgardensfortheirclasses.28．WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebestheadingforParagaph4?A．IdeastoEncourageChildrentoCookatHomeB．WaystoExposeChildrentoVegetablesatHomeC．ReasonsWhyParentsShouldUnderstandChildrenD．SuggestionsWhichChildrenCouldGetfromParents29．Whatcanwelearnfromtheprogram?A．Parents’supportmightimprovechildren’sreading.B．Schoolprogramscoulddevelopstudents’creativity.C．Doingstudiescanpreparestudentsforfuturelearning.D．Hands-onexperiencemayinfluencechildren’spreference.DNatureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesandontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物种).Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗争)againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt(适应),progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting(打猎).Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons(武器)isrelatedtothatadaptation-fromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood.

Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture.

However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.

WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeakthatlanguage.30．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Culturebelongstohumannature.B．Natureteacheshumanshowtoadapt.C．Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized.D．Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.31．WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?A．Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.B．Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumans’struggleforlife.C．Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.D．Toexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons.32．Theword“transmission”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”.A．system B．spread C．start D．spirit33．Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthenature-culturerelationship?A．Cultureandnatureareseparateyetbalanced.B．Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.C．Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.D．Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.第二部分本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。四、阅读表达（每题2分,共10分）阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。Screen-FreeDaysIrememberthefirsttimeIsuggestedscreen-freedaysinourschooltosomeofourstudentleaders.Jokingly,Isaidtothegroup,“Whatdoyouthinkifwegoaweekwithoutusingourlaptopsorsmartphones?”Theylaughed,andoneofthemsaid,“Noway,Mr.White.Theywouldbetoomuch.”Icouldfeeltheirworry,andtoldthemthatIwasonlyconsideringsinglescreen-freedays.

Eventhatidealeftthemfeelingupset.Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.Manyofmystudentsstarttheirdaybycheckingtheirsmartphones.Ioftenseethemlookingattheirphoneswhengettingoffthebusoratparents’drop-off,theycan’tusetheirown“screens”atschool.Theyusuallyworkoncomputersatschoolforatleasttwohoursduringtheday.It’sclearthatourstudentsspendalotoftimeonscreens.Wedoseethebenefitsoftechnology.However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.

That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.Duringthecourseoftheyear,wehavebuiltinseveralscreen-freedaysthatrequireustomakedifferentplansforourstudentsabouthowtheywillcommunicatewithoneanotherandtheworldaroundthemwithout“screens”.

Forsometeachers,thismeansbringingbackavaluablelessonplanthathasbeenputoffforsometimebecauseitis“outofdate”.Othershavedesignedsomethingcompletelynew.Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脱)games,areorganizedatschool.Intheseactivities,studentssocializewithoutsmartphonesandhaveface-to-facecommunicationwithoutcheckingon“likes”they’vegotonline.Thesefunactivitiesalsomakeitpossibleforthewholegradetoenjoythecompanyoftheirfriendswithnosmartphones.Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.

Findingwaystohelpourstudentsconnectwithoneanotherisimportant.Whiletechnologyisalreadypartofourworld,itshouldn’tplaysuchanimportantroleinalearner’slife.34．Howmanyhoursdomoststudentsintheschoolspendonscreenseveryday?___________________________________________________________________35．Whyhavetheteacherscomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays?___________________________________________________________________36．Whatfunactivitiescanthestudentshaveatschool?___________________________________________________________________37．Howdidthestudentsfeelafterthefirstscreen-freeday?___________________________________________________________________38．Whatdoyouthinkoftheideaofscreen-freedays?Whydoyouthinkso?___________________________________________________________________五、文段表达(10分)从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。39．北京是一座蕴含着丰富文化的城市，这里的建筑、戏曲、美食、服饰、手工艺品等，都有文化的印记。假如你是李华，你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动，其公众号计划做关于北京文化的系列推送，现就“CulturalSymbolsofBeijing(北京文化标志)”这一话题在校内收集素材。请你用英语给公众号留言，推荐一个你眼中的北京文化标志，对其作简要介绍，并说明推荐理由。提示词语：show,traditional,love,treasure,important提示问题：Inyouropinion,what’stheculturalsymbolofBeijing?Pleasedescribeit.Whydoyouthinkitcanbeasymbol?I’mLiHua,fromClassI,Grade9.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihopemyideacanbetaken.Thanks!40．现实中，大到自然环境和社会环境，小到个人生活和学习，变化无处不在，面对变化，唯有积极适应，才能有所进步和收获。某英文网站正在开展以“适应变化”为主题的征文活动，假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你生活中的一个变化，你是如何应对这个变化的,以及有什么收获。提示词语：help,enjoy,new,challenge,takeaction提示问题：Whatisthechangethathappenedinyourlife?Howdidyoudealwithit?Whathaveyoulearnedfromtheexperience?Therearemanychangesinaperson’slife.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page88页，共=sectionpages99页答案第=page99页，共=sectionpages99页1．B【详解】句意：玛丽的生日快到了。我们决定为她做一个蛋糕。考查代词辨析。him他；her她；you你/你们；them他们。根据“Mary’sbirthdayiscoming.”可知，此处指Mary，女性，故选B。2．A【详解】句意：每年的4月24日是中国的“航天日”。考查介词辨析。on用在星期或具体时间前；by到……为止；at其后加点钟等；in其后加早中晚/月份/年份等。根据“April24th”可知，此处加具体的时间，故选A。3．D【详解】句意：——我们野餐在哪里见面？——在学校门口。考查特殊疑问句。How如何；When何时；Why为什么；Where哪里。根据“Attheschoolgate.”可知，此处对地点提问，故选D。4．A【详解】句意：——Sam，我能加入你的社区服务吗？——你当然可以。考查动词辨析。can可以；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“Ofcourseyoucan.”可知，此处请求对方允许，用can，故选A。5．C【详解】句意：医生们已经工作了十个小时，但是没人休息。考查连词辨析。so因此；for为了；but但是；or或者。根据前后句句意可知，“连续工作十小时”和“不休息”之间存在转折关系。故选C。6．B【详解】句意：老师很高兴看到托尼比以前细心了。考查形容词比较级。根据“thanbefore”可知，此处需用比较级，故选B。7．B【详解】句意：——彼得，你在干什么？——哦，我在写一篇关于国家英雄的报道。考查现在进行时。根据“whatareyoudoing”可知，此处强调动作正在发生，使用现在进行时，故选B。8．D【详解】句意：我的父母和我上星期天种树。考查一般过去时。根据“lastSunday”可知，时态是一般过去时，故选D。9．A【详解】句意：——莉莉，放学后你通常做什么？——我和我的朋友一起锻炼。考查一般现在时。根据“whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形，故选A。10．C【详解】句意：史密斯先生学汉语已经两年了。他现在做得好多了。考查现在完成时。根据“fortwoyears”可知，强调时间的延续，用现在完成时，故选C。11．D【详解】句意：今天，许多冬季奥运会项目甚至受到孩子们的喜爱。考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Today”可知，是一般现在时，根据“bychildren”可知，表被动，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。12．C【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们什么时候去参观首都博物馆吗？——下个星期四早上。考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；根据答语“NextThursdaymorning.”可知，对将来时间提问，故选C。13．C14．A15．B16．C17．D18．B19．A20．D【分析】Mike从小就梦想成为一名摄影师，一天学校组办摄影比赛，他希望用日落的照片参赛。之后无意间Zach的一张照片吸引了他的注意了，他改变了主意。13．句意：最近，他尝试拍摄日落的照片参加校摄影比赛。violin小提琴；tennis网球；photo照片；chess象棋。根据“Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset(日落)...”可知拍摄照片是为了参加摄影比赛。故选C。14．句意：我们上交一卷胶卷，冲洗胶卷后选一张参加比赛。choose选择；collect收集；describe描述；design设计。根据“...forthecompetition.”可知此处指选一张照片参加比赛。故选A。15．句意：比赛的主题是和平。prize奖励；topic主题；result结果；purpose目的。根据“The...ofthecompetitionispeace”可知此处介绍比赛的主题，摄影比赛通常都有一个主题。故选B。16．句意：他小心地调整镜头，满心希望地等着太阳到达地面。politely礼貌地；bravely勇敢地；hopefully有希望地；secretly秘密地。根据“Mom,ithasbeencloudythesedays.Idon’tthinkIcangetthispicture!”可知Mike期待很多天晴天，终于等到了，所以抱有希望地等着。故选C。17．句意：Zach搂着泰迪熊在安静地睡觉。playin玩；reading读书；writing写；sleeping睡觉。根据“Mikedidn’twakeZachup,andcarefullytookapictureofhim.”可知Zach在睡觉。故选D。18．句意：日落的照片是他最渴望看到的。afraid害怕的；eager渴望的；surprised惊讶的；confused困惑的。根据“Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset(日落)toentertheschoolphotocompetition.”可知Mike想用日落的照片参赛，所以渴望看到日落的照片。故选B。19．句意：在他研究了Zach的照片时眉毛上扬。studied研究；shared分享；copied复制；fixed维修。根据“Helookedbackatthephotoofthesunset,whichseemedlessperfectnow.”可知他对比了两张照片，认真地研究下。故选A。20．句意：他衡量了这两个选择。changed改变；offered提供；accepted接受；weighed权衡。根据“Finally,hedecidedtohandinthephotoofZachforthecompetition.”可知最终Mike选择Zach的照片参赛，因此是经过仔细权衡的。故选D。21．A22．B23．A【分析】现在世界上的人们都在努力保护我们的星球，本文介绍了四位正在改变世界的人。21．细节理解题。根据“WhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.”可知，Jack创办了一个组织去教孩子们关于熊猫的知识。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据“Attheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.”可知，Linda发明SuperE的时候12岁。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据“Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.”可知，Patrick项目目标是对抗塑料垃圾。故选A。24．A25．D26．C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者帮助一个不爱讲话的女孩Shelley变得更加开朗的故事，作者惊叹于Shelley的改变，因为作者认为自己所做的就是让Shelley知道自己并不孤单。24．细节理解题。根据“ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold.”可知，作者第一次见到Shelley时，她沉默而冷漠。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据“Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.”和“OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.”可知，为了接近Shelley，作者给她讲了一个故事。故选D。26．推理判断题。根据“Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.”，“Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.”和“Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.”可知，Shelley改变了很多是因为她意识到作者理解她。故选C。27．B28．B29．D【分析】本文介绍了在学校花园里让学生自己种植蔬菜的好处。27．细节理解题。根据“Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables”可知，在该项目中，每一所学校都建了一个花园，孩子们在那里学会种植自己的新鲜农产品，故选B。28．句意猜测题。根据“Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful”及整段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了从不同方面鼓励孩子们多吃蔬菜的方法，故选B。29．推理判断题。根据“Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce”可知，教孩子们自己种植农产品是增加他们对农产品偏好的一个很好的方法，所以实践经验可能会影响孩子的偏好，故选D。30．D31．C32．B33．C【分析】本文是一篇议论文，自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点，但是人类发展的研究表明，文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分。生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。30．段落大意题。根据“Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗争)againsthumannature.”和“Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures”可知，人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争，教育把文化作为一种方式，让我们摆脱最广泛的天性。所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据“Consider,forexample,hunting(打猎).Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.”可知，打猎似乎是一种适应，使人类能够进入新的和不同的地区，打开改变生活习惯的机会。文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的。故选C。32．词义猜测题。分析“Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture.”可知，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样，我们也带着我们的文化。所以此处transmission的意思是“传播”，故选B。33．观点态度题。根据“Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物种).”可知，作者认为文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。故选C。34．Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.35．Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.36．Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.37．Theyweresurprisedthey