2022北京八十中高三三模英语（教师版）

2022北京八十中高三三模英语第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Whenourrestaurantbusinessfailed,weheadednorthinacampingtrucktoTexas,hopingtohavea"freshstart”.AttheentranceofPaloDuroCanyon（峡谷）StatePark,I1ajobadvertisementhiringparkhosts.Thepositionoffereda2permanentcampsiteinthepark,and3thehostsservedasalinkbetweenthepark'sguestsandtherangers（护林人）.Itwastheperfectsolution:arent-freeplacetoreorganizeourlives.WeenteredtheparkandImadean4forthefollowingday.Theparkwas5.soittookussometimetofindanavailablesite.Thatevening,aswefinishedourdinner,mywifesawtwolargeskunks（臭鼬）walkingtowardourtable.Weimmediatelyclimbedontothetableand,forthenextfourhours,waitedfor（hemtoleaveourcamp.Havingsurvivedthatnightwewere6thateverythingelsewouldbeallright.Thenextdaywemetwiththepeoplewhoranthepark.Theyexplainedour7andgaveusabeautifulcampsite.Thatevening,8.welearnedaboutthecanyon9Theywerestrongandcold,rockingourlittlecampingtruckviolently,andwelayshakinginthedarkuntilthewindsdiedaway.Livinginthe（iny（ruckwithnotelevision,wesatclosetogetherreadingandtalking.Oneevening,standingunderajeweledsky,Ifoundmyself10forallthehardships.Wehadwalkedthetrailsandclimbedthecanyonwalls.Wehadbecomeafamily!1.A.sponsoredB.publishedC.noticedD.answered2.A.safeB.freeC.convenienlD.beautiful3.A.inreturnB.intimeC.inshortD.inturn4.A.attemptB.agreementC.appealD.appoinlmenl5.A.crowdedB.dangerousC.idealD.quiet6.A.satisfiedB.determinedC.confidentD.aware7.A.responsibilitiesB.requirementsC.circumstancesD.conditions8.A.moreoverB.thereforeC.meanwhileD.however9.A.snowsB.windsC.woodsD.trails10.A.desperateB.panicC.suitableD.thankful第二节语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Chinesedancer-choreographerLiuYaifsonstagejoumeystartedwhenshewasalittlegirl.Atage10.Liustoodoutamongherpeersand11（admit）intothemiddleschoolaffiliatedtotheBeijingDanceAcademy.Beforeshelefther第一段“Whenourrestaurantbusiness（ailed,weheadednorthinacampingtrucktoTexas,hopingtohaveaAfreshstart,,,,,nj知，作者生意失败了，想要重新开始，找到新工作，所以此处指作者注意到一则招聘广告。故选C。2题详解】考杳形容词词义辨析。句意：该职位提供了公园内一个免费永久营地，作为回报，主人充当了公园游客和管理员之间的联系。A.safe安全的；B.free免费的;C.convenient方便的；D.beautiful漂亮的。根据“Itwastheperfectsolution:arent-freeplacetoreorganizeourlives.”可知，这个职位能提供免费的居住地。故选B。【3题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：该职位提供了公园内一个免费的永久营地，作为回报，主人充当了公园游客和管理员之间的联系。A.inreturn作为回报；B.intime及时；C.inshort简而言之；D.inturn轮流。根据"thehostsservedasalinkbetweenthepark'sguestsandtherangers（护林人）.”“1知，这个职位能提供免费的永久居住地，同时，作为回报，看护人也要充当游客和护林员之间的纽带。故选A。【4题详解】考杳名词词义辨析。句意：我们进入了公园，我预约了第二天的时间。A.atlempi试图；B.agreement同意；C.appeal呼吁；B.appointment约定。根据第四段中的“Thenextdaywemetwiththepeoplewhoranthepark.“可知，作者与招聘人员约好第二天见面。故选D。5题详解】考杳形容词词义辨析。句意：公园里人很多，我们花了一些时间才找到空地。A.crowded拥挤的；B.dangerous危险的；C.ideal理想的；D.quiet安静的。根据“soittookussometimetofindanavailablesite.”可知，公园里人很多，很拥挤，所以花了一些时间才找到一块空地。故选A。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那晚我们活了下来，我们相信一切都会好起来的。A.satisfied满意的；B.determined有决心的;C.confident自信的;D.aware意识到的。根据"thateverythingelsewouldbeallright."可知，"我”们有信心这件事之后，其他-■切都会很顺利。故选C。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们向我们说明了我的工作职责，并给了我们一个漂亮的营地。A.responsibilities任；B.requirements要求；C.circumstances情况；D.conditions条件。根据，4Theyexplainedour7andgaveusabeaulifulcampsite.”可知，他们给了“我”们居住的地方，说明他们同意作者做这份工作，所以要向作者说明这份工作的职责。故选A。【8题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，那天晚上，我们了解到了峡谷里的风。A.moreover而且；B.therefore因此；C.meanwhile同时;D.however然而。根据“Theywerestrongandcold,rockingourlittlecampingtruckviolently,andwelayshakinginthedarkuntilthewindsdiedaway.”可知，峡谷里的风又大又冷，这是“我”们没有预料到的，和上文提到的“abeauli「ulcampsite”形成了对比，所以此处是转折关系。故选D。【9题详解】考克名词词义辨析。句意：然而，那天晚上，我们了解到了峡谷里的风。A.snows雪；B.winds风；C.woods森林；Derails足迹。根据"untilthewindsdiedaway.”可知，此处指峡谷的风。故选B。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，站在璀璨的星空卜，我发现自己很感激所有的艰辛。A.desperate绝望的；B.panic恐慌的；C.suitable合适的；D.thankful感谢的。根据"Wehadwalkedthetrailsandclimbedthecanyonwalls.Wehadbecomeafamily!”可知，作者虽然生意失败了，但是现在有时间和家人在一起，现在“我”们是真正的一家人，所以说作者感谢经历的这些苦难。故选D。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Chinesedanccr-chorcographcrLiuYan'sonstagejourneystartedwhenshewasalittlegirl.Atage10,Liustoodoutamongherpeersand11(admit)intothemiddleschoolaffiliatedtotheBeijingDanceAcademy.BeforesheleftherhometownintheInnerMongoliaautonomousregion,herfather.12isajudge,toldLiutodevelopmoreinterestslikereadingratherthanasingularpassion.13(dance).【答案】11.wasadmitted12.who13.dancing【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国舞蹈编导刘岩。【11题详解】考杳时态和语态。句意：1()岁那年，刘岩从同龄人中脱颖而出，考入了北京舞蹈学院附属中学。根据时间状语Atage10可知，用一般过去时。主语Liu与admii之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wasadmiited。【12题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在她离开内蒙古自治区的家乡之前，她当法官的父亲告诉她，要培养更多的兴趣爱好，比如阅读，而不是跳舞。句中先行词为herfather,在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：在她离开内蒙古自治区的家乡之前，她当法官的父亲告诉她，要培养更多的兴趣爱好，比如阅读,而不是跳舞。ralherthan后接名词形式,作名词asingularpassion的同位语。故填dancing。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Chenissufferingfromwhatiscalledunforcedsleeplessness,aterm(4(borrow)fromtennis,inwhichanunforcederrorreferstoamistakethatoccurswhenthereisnopressure.Commonsymptomsincludefallingasleeplaterthan2am,(5theaveragetimetakentofallasleepbeingmorethanonehour.Youngpeopleincitiesaremostvulnerabletosuchsymptoms,accordingtothe2020ChineseNationalHealthySleepWhitePaperbytheChinaSleepResearchAssociation.Commoncausesarc16(lonely),overtimesequelae(后遗症),excessivestressandemotionaldisorders.【答案】14.borrowed15.with16.loneliness【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“非受迫性失眠”的常见症状和产生原因。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：陈患的是“非受迫性失眠”，这个词是从网球运动中借来的。“非受迫性失误”指的是在没有压力的情况下发生的失误。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词的填入，因aterm和动词borrow为被动关系，故用非谓语动词中的过去分词形式表被动。故填borrowedo【15题详解】考查介词。句意：常见的症状包括凌晨2点后入睡，平均入睡时间超过1小时。分析句子结构以及分句中的theaveragetime和being可知，此处为with的复合结构作伴随状语。故填with0【16题详解】考查名词。句意：常见的原因是孤独、加班后遗症、过度压力和情绪障碍。由空后sequelae、stress以及and连接的disorders,都为名词可知，此处为lonely的名词形式loneliness,为不可数名词。故填loneliness。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Formerbankclerk,nowcomedian,profitsfromsenseofhumor.Fiveyearsago,hewasabankclerkinasuit,17(patient)servingclients,withperformancetargetshewasrequiredtoachieveeverymonthinmind.Today,heisoneofthemostin-demandyoungcomediansin(hecountrywhohasreinventedhimself,playingdifferentamusingroles.LiuZhcnxiang,betterknownbyhisstagename,LiuDasuo,wasprobablyamong18(busy)comediansduringSpringFestival(hisyear19hewasinvitedtostagefiveoriginalskitsfordifferentTVstations,includingHunanSatelliteTVandDragonTV.The31-year-old20(shoot)tofamelastyearwiththehitrealityTVprogramSuperSketchShow.【答案】17.patientlythebusiestwhen20.shot【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了喜剧演员刘振祥的经历。【17题详解】考杳副词。句意：5年前，他还是一名西装革履的银行职员，耐心地为客户服务，每个月都要完成业绩目标。提示词修饰动词serving,应用副词patiently作状语，意为“耐心地故填patiently。【18题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：刘振祥，更广为人知的名字是刘大索，今年春节期间他可能是最忙碌的喜剧演员之一，他被邀请为湖南H视和东方卫视等不同电视台制作了五部原创小品。结合“hewasinvitedtostagefiveoriginalskitsfbrdifferentTVstations”可知，刘振祥今年春节期间非常忙碌，是最忙的喜剧演员之一，提示词用最高级thebusiest,作定语修饰名词comedianso故填thebusiesto【19题详解】考查定语从句。句意：刘振祥，更广为人知的名字是刘大索，今年春节期间他可能是最忙碌的喜剧演员之一，他被邀请为湖南卫视和东方卫视等不同电视台制作了五部原创小品。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词SpringFestivalthisyear,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，表示“在今年春节期间“，应使用关系副词when引导该从句。故填wherio【20题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这位31岁的银行职员去年凭借热门电视真人秀《超级小品秀》一举成名。分析句子可知，动词短语shoottofame（一举成名）在句中作谓语，与主语The31-year-old之间是主动关系，结合时间状语lastyear,应使用一般过去时态。故填shot。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGrandCanyonNationalParkLocatedentirelyinnorthernArizona,（heparkcovers277milesoftheColoradoRiverandadjacentuplands.Oneofthemostspectacularexamplesoferosionanywhereintheworld.GrandCanyonisunmatchedintheincomparablevistasitofferstovisitorsontheriin.GrandCanyonNationalParkisaWorldHeritageSite.ParkOpeningsandClosingsTheVillageandDesertViewontheSouthRimareopenallyearandparkentrancesremainopen24hoursaday.NorthRimfacilitiesopenmid-Mayandclosemid-Octobcr.Parkentrancesremainopen24hoursadayduringthistime.Hoursforvisitorcentersandbusinessesvarythroughouttheyear.ParkInformationTheparkproducesaPocketMapwithaNorthRimandSouthRimeditionthatcontainsamapandinformationaboutservices,facilities,andparkrangerprograms.IlisavailableinFrench,German.Japanese,Italian,Spanish,Korean,andChinese.Ahikingbrochureisavailablefbrthoseplanningtohikeoneofthepark'smaintrailsdownintoGrandCanyon.Obtainpublicationsatentrancestations,visitorcenters,orgo.i】D/l36oiLAccessibilityManyofthefacilitiesatGrandCanyonarehistoricandbuiltbeforecurrentaccessibilitystandardswereset.Theterrainisruggedwithnarrow,rockytrailsandsteepcliffs.Visitorsusingwheelchairsorhavingvisualimpairmentsmayneedassistance.FormoreinformationaboutaccessibilityinGrandCanyonNationalPark,see.ParkEntranceFeesFeescollectedsupportprojectsinihepark.Admissiontotheparkis$35perprivatevehicle;$30permotorcycle;and$20perpersonenteringtheparkviaGrandCanyonRailway,parkshuttlebus,privateraftingtrip,walking,orridingabicycle.Thepasscanbeusedforsevendaysandincludesbothrims.Payfeesatparkentrancestationsoratsomebusinessesoutsidethepark.EveryyeartheNationalParkServiceoffersentrancefeefreedays.Forcompletefeeinformation,includingAnnuaLActiveMilitary,Senior,andAccesspasses,visit.SustainabilityGrandCanyonNationalParkincorporatessustainabilityintoallaspectsofitsoperations.UseyourrefillablewaterbottletofilluponfreeGrandCanyonspringwateratmajortrailheads,visitorcentersandgrocerystores.Pleaserecycle-recyclingcontainersarcconvenientlylocatedandascommonastrashbins.Discoverwhatelseyoucandotoprotecttheenvironmentwhiletravelinghereandbeyondat.Peoplewithphysicaldisabilitiescanfinddetailedinformationonparkfacilitiesdesignedforthembyvisiting.A.B.C.D.Whatistheadmissionfeeifyouandyourparentsplantogoonaten-dayvacationtoGrandCanyonNationalParkbydrivingacar?A.$35.B.$60.C.$70.D.5120.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?Visitorshaveyear-roundaccesstoeverycornerofthenationalpark.HikerswhocanonlyspeakChinesecannotexploretheNorthRimwithoutaninterpreter.TheGrandCanyonfeaturesisoneoftheworld'smostvisuallybreathtakinglandscapes.VisitorsareforbiddentoleaveanytrashintheNationalParktomaintainsustainability.【答案】21.B22.C23.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大峡谷国家公园的一些情况，包括开放时间、公园信息、设施和门票费用等信息。[21题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“FormoreinformationaboutaccessibilityinGrandCanyonNationalPark,see/lrtxl2.（更多关于大峡谷国家公园的无障碍设施信息，请参见/lrtxl2）“可知，残障人士可登入杳询有关公园设施的详细资料。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“AdmissiontotheparkisS35perprivatevehicle（公园门票为每辆私家车35美元）”；“Thepasscanbeusedforsevendays（通行证可以使用7天）''以及"EveryyeartheNationalParkServiceoffersentrancefeefreedays.（每年，国家公园管理局都提供免门票日）”可知，如果你和你的父母打算开车去大峡谷国家公园度假十天，门票是35+35=70美元。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第•段中“Oneofthemostspectacularexamplesoferosionanywhereintheworld.GrandCanyonisunmatchedin（heincomparablevistasitofferstovisitorsontherim.GrandCanyonNationalParkisaWorldHeritageSite.（作为世界上最壮观的侵蚀例子之一，大峡谷为游客提供了无与伦比的美景。大峡谷国家公园是世界遗产）”可知，C选项“大峡谷是世界上最令人叹为观止的风景之一”正确。故选C。BAloneinthewilderness.Nothingbutjungle.Aworldofshadowwiththeraysoflightfallinglikeblondehairfrom（hecrownsofthegianttrees.Jungleinthemiddaysun.Everythingmotionless.Notasoundfromskyorearth.Completesilence.Onlysomecoconutsfalling,atlongintervals,veryfaraway.Theworldreducedtothesofttouchofcoolgrassalongmynakedback,andasweetsmellofrichsoilandvegetation.Stretchedoutwithclosedeyesbesidemyheavyburdenoffruitandfirewood,Ienjoyedthefeelingoffreshbloodstreamingthrougheverypartofmybodyandfreshjungleairfillingeverycomerofmylungs.Restingmotionless,1couldseethesunthroughmyclosedeyelids,aloneinthesky,aslonelyasI,andasmotionlessandsilentaseverythingelse.Theearthhadsurelystoppedturningandsomewhereonthisplanettherewassupposedtoberoaringtrafficinbusystreets.Whatacrazy,unbelievablethought!Anothercoconutfell,tomaketheworldcometoacompletestandstill.IhadtorolloverontomystomachtofeelthatatleastIcouldmoveandmakenoises.ThenIfoundcompany.Alittlebrownantwasstrugglingtofinditswaywithabitofdrystrawthroughthejungleofleavesandgrassbelowmynose.IwonderedifIcouldgivethelittlefellowaliftwithitsburden,butitshowednottheslightestsignoftirednessandstruggledonwithallsixlegs,headfirstorheadlast,wavingitsfeelersenergeticallyasifthetriphadjuststarted.Whoeversawatiredant?Tiredness,disagreeabletiredness,isrestrictedtohuntedanimals,slavesandmodemman.Itisasgreataneffortforanofficeclerktowalkfiveblockswithaloadedbrief-caseasitisforajungle-dwellertocrossavalleywithagoatonhisback.Itisashardtogetupandclimborrunwhenyouhavebeenseatedforyearsasitistogetupandwalkwhenyouhavebeeninbedformonths.Thebodyisstrange.Spareit.andyougetreallytiredforalmostnothing;useit,andalmostnothingmakesyoureallytired.Irosetomyfeet.Ihadheardahorseneighingdowninthevalley.Aboveme,on(heopenhighlandplains,therewerewildhorses.Butdowninthevalleytherewasneverahorseunlesstherewasamanonit.Somebodywasmakinghiswayup(hevalleyandmywifewasalone.Theauthormentionscoconuts'failingto.A.showhislonelinessB.addbeautytothejungleC.expresshisloveofnatureD.stresstheabsolutesilenceHowdoestheauthorfeelabouttheant?Headmireditsattitudetowardwork.Hewasamazedatitstirelessefforts.Heshowedsympathyforthelittleant.Hewascontenttohaveitasacompanion.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph(hattheauthorwouldprobably.A.makehiswayhomeB.stayinthevalleyC.workharderthanbeforeD.talktothemanonthehorse【答案】24.D25.A26.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在去树林采摘水果、收集柴火后躺在树林中休息，听着森林中偶尔掉落椰子，独自感受着正午静谧的世界，享受着思想和身体的放松。然而这时作者感到了•只蚂蚁爬过，看着蚂蚁的辛勤，作者不由自主得对蚂蚁心生敬佩之情。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everythingmotionless.Notasoundfromskyorearth.Completesilence.Onlysomecoconutsfacing,atlongintervals,veryfaraway.(一切都静止不动。天上地下都没有声音。完整的沉默。只有几颗椰子，隔着很长一段距离，从很远的地方掉下来。厂可知，此处为一种写作手法，为了突出树林的寂静，用椰子的掉落去对比。所以作者提到椰子掉落是运用了以动衬静的写作手法。故选Do【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“IwonderedifIcouldgivethelittlefellowaliftwithitsburden,butitshowednottheslightestsignoftirednessandstruggledonwithallsixlegs,headfirstorheadlast,wavingitsfeelersenergeticallyasifthetriphadjuststarted.Whoeversawatiredant?Tiredness,disagreeabletiredness,isrestrictedtohuntedanimals,slavesandmodernman.（我想知道我是否能减轻这个小家伙的负担，但它没有丝亳的疲倦迹象，而是用六条腿，头朝前或头朝后地挣扎着，精力充沛地挥动着它的触角，好像旅程才刚刚开始。谁见过疲倦的蚂蚁？疲劳，令人不快的疲劳，仅限于被猎杀的动物、奴隶和现代人。广可推断，作者非常敬佩蚂蚁对工作的态度。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Irosetomyfeet.Ihadheardahorseneighingdowninthevalley.Aboveme,ontheopenhighlandplains,therewerewildhorses.Butdowninthevalleytherewasneverahorseunlesstherewasamanonit.Somebodywasmakinghiswayupthevalleyandmywifewasalone.（我站起身来。我听到山谷里有匹马在蜥鸣。在我的上方，在开阔的高地平原上，有野马。但是在下面的山谷里，只有人骑着马，才有马。有人向山谷走来，我妻子独自一人。）“可推断，作者认为有人.上山来了，而他妻子一人在家，所以出于对妻子安全的考虑，作者很可能会回家。故选A。CIfyou'veevertakenaclassindrawing,paintingorpotteryandinspiteofyourbesteffort,couldn'tmakethefinalresultlookanythinglikethemodelshown,youmayhavethought,UIdon'thaveacreativeboneinmybody.”Accordingtosomescientists,whoforthepast20yearshaveputtheelusivesubjectofcreativitythroughtherigorsofresearch,youarcunderratingyourself.DaVinciyoumayneverbe,butwhenitcomestocreativity,wearcallsomewhatblessed.Il'slearningtofosterthisuniquetoolofextraordinaryproductivity,andthenapplyingitineverythingyoudo,thatcountstotellyoufromfigureslikeDaVinci.“Evenifwedon'thavethegoodfortunetodiscoveranewchemicalelementorwriteagreatstory,theloveofthecreativeprocessforitsownsakeisavailabletoall,“saysMihalyCsikszentmihalyiinCreativity:FlowandPsychologyofDiscoveryandInvention.Mostpeoplebelievetherealmofcreativityhasbeenawardedtothoseperceivedtohavespecialtalent.Welookuponthese''creativegeniuses,“asweoftencallthem,withaweandabitofenvy.Theirabilities,mostpeopleassume,arebestowedbygoodgenes,or,asifinGreekmythology,fromsomekindofdivineinspiration.Thereisnoargumentthattheworldisnevershortofhighlytalentedandcreativepeople.Theyaremastersoftheirtradesandstandheads-and-shouldersabovecommoners,makingnewpathwaysforotherstofollow,andprovidinggreatercontextandunderstandingofourworld.Itcouldbesaidthatwithoutcreativityhumanitywouldnotevolvesorapidly.Butlikeapubliclyrecognizedcreativebaseballplayerwhohoneshisskillthroughyearsofcontinuoustraining,foregoingotherpursuitsforthesolepassion,peoplewhoshowtheslightestreluctanceforarduouslaborareboundtowitnesstheirboastedabilitydisappear.Aftercloselystudying91creativeandinfluentialpeople,includingnovelists,playwrights,composers,musiciansandscientists,Csikszentmihalyiconcludesthatnoonewouldignorethesweattheyshedandtheiralmostinsanewillingnesstofollowtheircreativeendeavortotheveryend,whereverthatmaybe.Thesearetheverythingsweallcanmaster,solongaswe'dliketo.It'swidelybelievedthatcreativitycomesfrom.A.goodtrainingpeoplereceivefromartisticclassesB.thetoolwclearnfrommasterslikeDaVinciC.（heinborngenesorrelevantgiftsD.certainGreekhistoricaltextbooksWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Commonpeopleratherthancreativeonesleadinvariousprofessions.People'sadmirationofgeniusesmakeshumanitydevelopquickly.Thefieldofbaseballrequiresmoregiftsthanhardwork.Theessenceofcreativityliesindevotionandeffort.Theunderlinedword"foregoing“isclosestinmeaningto.A.givingupB.combiningC.referringtoD.extendingWhatisthepassagemainlyabout?Howordinarypeopleandscientistsviewthingsdifferently.People'smisunderstandingofcreativityanditstruenature.Thereasonsforthedevelopmentofvarioustradesandhumanity.Ordinarypeople'sunwillingnesstofollowtheexamplesofcreativeones.【答案】27.C28.D29.A30.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们普遍认为创造力是一种天赋其实是一种误解，科学家验证了创造力是与人的辛苦付出分不开的。只要人们愿意付出艰辛努力，创造力是可以掌握的。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Mostpeoplebelievetherealmofcreativityhasbeenawardedtothoseperceivedtohavespecialtalent.Wclookuponthese“creativegeniuses/'asweoftencallthem,withaweandabitofenvy.Theirabilities,mostpeopleassume,arebestowedbygoodgenes,or,asifinGreekmythology,fromsomekindofdivineinspiration.可知，大多数人认为，创造力是授予那些被认为有特殊才能的人的。我们带着敬畏和些许嫉妒看待这些我们通常称之为“创造性天才”的人。大多数人认为，他们的能力来自于良好的基因，或者，就像希腊神话中那样，来自于某种神圣的灵感。由此可知，人们普遍认为，创造力来自与生俱来的基因或相关的天赋。故选C项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“Builikeapubliclyrecognizedcreativebaseballplayerwhohoneshisskillthroughyearsofcontinuoustraining,foregoingotherpursuitsforthesolepassion,peoplewhoshowtheslightestreluctanceforarduouslaborareboundtowitnesstheirboastedabilitydisappear.”可知，通过多年的持续艰苦训练才会成就有创造力的棒球运动员，而对于没有坚持艰苦付出和努力的人是不会再有所夸耀的“创造力''的。选项D-Theessenceofcreativityliesindevotionandeffort.（创造力的本质在于奉献和努力。）”为贴合文章内容的合理论述。故选D项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。分析可知,划线单词所在短语“fbregoingotherpursuitsforthesolepassion”中“thesolepassion”应是指前文“Butlikeapubliclyrecognizedcreativebaseballplayerwhohoneshisskillthroughyearsofcontinuoustraining”提及的“baseball”，棒球运动，由此可知，一个有创造力的棒球运动员应是为了棒球运动这一Fl标而不断努力训练，从而会放弃其他的“爱好由此可推知，“foregoing”应是“放弃”含义，与选项A“givingup”含义一致。故选A项。【30题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章第二段内容“Accordingtosomescientists,whoforthepast20yearshaveputtheelusivesubjectofcreativitythroughtherigorsofresearch,youareunderratingyourself.DaVinciyoumayneverbe,butwhenitcomestocreativity,weareallsomewhatblessed.(根据一些科学家的说法，在过去的20年里，他们把创造力这个难以捉摸的课题通过了严格的研究，你低估了自己。你也许永远不会成为达芬奇，但说到创意，我们都多少有点福气。)”根据文章第四段"Mostpeoplebelievetherealmofcreativityhasbeenawardedtothoseperceivedtohavespecialtalent.Wclookuponthese“creativegeniuses,Masweoftencallthem,withaweandabitofenvy.Theirabilities,mostpeopleassume,arebestowedbygoodgenes,or,asifinGreekmythology,fromsomekindofdivineinspiration.“。可知，大多数人认为，创造力是授予那些被认为有特殊才能的人的。我们带着敬畏和些许嫉妒看待这些我们通常称之为“创造性天才”的人。大多数人认为，他们的能力来自于良好的基因，或者，就像希腊神话中那样，来自于某种神圣的灵感。根据最后一段"Csikszentmihalyiconcludesthatnoonewouldignorethesweattheyshedandtheiralmostinsanewillingnesstofollowtheircreativeendeavortotheveryend,whereverthatmaybe.Thesearetheverythingsweallcanmaster,solongaswe'dliketo."Csikszentmihalyi总结说，没有人会忽视他们所流下的汗水，以及他们近乎疯狂的意愿，去追随他们创造性的努力，直到最后，无论那是在哪里。这些正是我们都可以掌握的东西，只要我们愿意。由此可知，本文主要是关于人们对创造力的误解及其本质。故选B项。DWhenIgivepubliclecturesabouttheclimatecrisis,themostcommonquestionpeopleposeis:"Areyouanoptimistorapessimist?^^Myanswerisyes.Californiahasachieveddramaticemissionsreductionsinathrivingeconomy,whichmakesmehopeful,yetingeneralthefossil-fuelindustryisdeterminednottochange.Thesecondmostcommonquestionis:4tWhatcanI,personally,do?”That'satoughone.Themajordriversofclimatechangearecollectiveenterprisessuchaspowergrids,industry,large-scaleagricultureandtransportationsystems.Substantialemissionsreductionsinthesesettingsmostlikelywillnotcomefrompersonalactions;theywillcomefromlawsandpoliciessuchascarbon-pricingsystems,revisedbuildingcodesandsupportsforgreeninvestment.Somepeoplehaveargued(hatcallsfbrindividualactionactuallydistractusfromcorporateresponsibility.Thatcouldexplainwhythefossil-fuelindustryisfbndofsuchrequests.OilgiantBPpopularizedandpromotedtheideaofacarbonfootprint,deflectingattentiontoitscustomerswho,itsuggests,shouldtakepersonalresponsibilitybyloweringtheircarbonfootprints.Onestudyfoundthatfocusingonindividualactivityactuallyunderminessupportformoreeffectivepolicyinitiativessuchasacarbon(ax.Anotherproblemwithpersonalbehavioristhatpeopledonotliketobetoldwhattodo.Yetindividualactscangrowintoinfluentialgroupactivity.Oneeffectiveact,andonethatcanbeamplified,istocatlessredmeat.CuttingmeatconsumptionisapowerfulandpersonalthingmostAmericanscandototackletheclimatecrisis,andtheycandoitimmediately.About40percentofgreenhousegasescomefromagriculture,deforestationandotherlandusechanges.Meat—particularlybeef-drivesclimatechangeintwoways:first,throughcows'emissionofmethane,apotentgreenhousegas,andsecond,bydestroyingforestsastheyareconvertedtograzinglandtosatisfytheglobaldemandforbeef.Byeatinglessbeef,wecanstarttodecreasethatdemand.Youdonothavetobecomeavegantodothis.IfeverypersonintheU.S.cuttheirmeatconsumptionby25percent,itwouldreduceannualgreenhousegasemissionsbyIpercent.Thatmightnotsoundlikealot,butitwouldhelpprotecttherainforest,sothepositiveeffects—includingreducedwaterandfertilizeruse,improvedbiodiversityandsafeguardedrightsofindigenouspeoples—wouldbeamplified.Perhapsmostimportant,socialactioniscontagious-inagoodway.Iflotsofusbegintoeatlessmeatandifwetalkaboutitconstructively,wewilllikelyinfluenceothers.PrettysoontheIpercentreductionbecomes2percentormore.Reduceddemandformeatcouldmotivatemylocalsupermarkettocarrybetterproduce,makingiteasierformeandmyneighborstoprepareafewmoresatisfyingmeat-freemeals.Ultimatelychangesindemandwillinfluenceindustry.Fortyyearsagofewmainstreamsupermarketscarriedorganicproducts;nownearlyalldo.Consumerdemanddidthat.Cuttingbackonredmeatalsohastheaddedbenefitofbeinggoodforyourhealth.SowhileIwouldn'tadvisegovernmentstoorderpeopletostopeatinghamburgers,ifanyoneasks,“WhatcanIdo?^^asimpleandaccurateansweris:4tEatlessmeal.It'sinyourcontrol,andyoucanbeginrightnow.Itbenefitsbothyouandtheplanet.^^31.Whichoneplaysthemostdecisiveroleinemissionsreductionsaccordingtothepassage?A.Individualactions.B.Fossil-fuelindustries.C.Thethrivingeconomy.D.Effectivelawsandpolicies.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?Indigenouspeoplesturnforestsintograzingland.Meatisconsideredasthebiggestdriverofclimatechange.Smallindividualactscanmakeabigdifferencecollectively.MostAmericanshavetobecomeveganstotackletheclimatecrisis.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“contagious”inParagraph6mean?A.Appealing.B.Poisonous.C.Harmonious.D.Spreading.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorwritingthispassage?Toexplainwaystoreducecarbonfootprint.Topersuadepeopletocutmeatconsumption.Toevaluatetheeffectsofhealthyeatinghabits.Toargueagainsttheemissionpoliciesofindustries.【答案】31.D32.C33.D34.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过个人努力，也可以为减少碳足迹贡献自己的力量。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“theywillcomefromlawsandpoliciessuchascarbon-pricingsystems,revisedbuildingcodesandsupports「orgreeninvestment.（它们将来自法律和政策，如碳定价体系、修订的建筑法规和对绿色投资的支持。）”可知，有效的法律和政策在减排中起决定性作用。故选D。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Yetindividualactscangrowintoinfluentialgroupactivity.（然而，个人行为可以发展成有影响力的群体活动。）”及下文所举少吃红肉的例子可推断，小的个人行为可以产生大的影响。故选C。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“Reduceddemandformeatcouldmotivatemylocalsupermarkettocarrybetterproduce,makingiteasierformeandmyneighborstoprepareafewmoresatisfyingmeat-freemeals.（如果我们很多人开始少吃肉，如果我们建设性地谈论它，我们很可能会影响其他人。很快，1%的减少就变成了2%或更多。户可知，社会行动具有传染性。所以contagious为“感染性的；传播性的”之意。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段"SowhileIwouldn'tadvisegovernmentstoorderpeopletostopeatinghamburgers,ifanyoneasks,“WhatcanIdo?”asimpleandaccurateansweris:"Eatlessmeat.It'siny