2023学年完整版Unit3Ahealthylife同步练习

Unit3Ahealthylife同步练习第一卷(两部分，共85分)第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．Hewasreadytotakethe________ofbeingdrownedhimselftosavethedrowningchild.A．riskB．troubleC．offerD．blame答案A解析taketheriskof...“冒……危险”，是固定搭配，B项trouble由takethetroubletodosth.“不厌其烦做……”可以排除。2．Thatmoneyis________tome，butIhaven’tgotityet.A．certainB．dueC．belongD．owe答案B解析duetosb.“应支付给某人”，是固定搭配；C、D两项形式不对。3．Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis________.A．abilityB．forceC．strengthD．mind答案C解析由句意“贝尔正进行大量的体育锻炼来增强他的体能”可知应选C。A项ability“能力”；B项force“武力；力量”；D项mind“头脑，想法”，不符合题意。4．Theconferencehasbeenheldtodiscusstheeffectsoftourism________thewildlifeinthearea.A．inB．onC．atD．with答案B解析effect与介词on搭配，表示“对……的影响”。5．Itwasreportedyesterdaythatanofficialinthedepartmentofhealthwasarrestedforhis________hispowertogetbenefitforhisrelatives.A．protectingB．catchingC．abusingD．taking答案C解析abuseone’spower“滥用权利”。根据句意“滥用职权为亲人谋利益”可知，C项正确。6．Infact，smokersknowthatsmokinghasabad________ontheirhealth，buttheyjustcan’tstopit.A．resultB．effectC．aspectD．impress答案B解析haveagood/badeffecton...是固定搭配，意为“对……有好/坏的影响”。7．Therewasa(n)________silenceintheliveinterview，whenononeknewwhattosaytotheaudience.A．ashamedB．disappointedC．desperateD．awkward答案D解析句意为：当没人知道该对观众说什么时，采访现场出现了一阵令人尴尬的沉寂。考查词义辨析，A项ashamed“羞愧的”；B项disappointed“失望的”；C项desperate“绝望的”；D项awkward“令人尴尬的”。8．ThemoreEnglishwordsyouremember，theeasieryouwillfind________toreadEnglisharticles.A．itB．youC．thisD．that答案A9．Childrenwhoare________tocomputergameswillwastealotoftimeplayingthemontheInternet.A．addictedB．accustomedC．familiarD．similar答案A解析beaddictedto...“沉溺于……”，为固定搭配。10．Hewasgivenaspecialmedal，forhereachedhisgoalinsports________hisdisabilitybothinlegsandineyes.A．incaseofB．intermsofC．apartfromD．inspiteof答案D解析A项incaseof“以防……”；B项intermsof...“从……角度”；C项apartfrom“除……之外”；D项inspiteof“尽管，不顾”。根据题意可知D项正确。11．Please________whenthetrainstartsoff.A．makeunderstandB．makesureC．besureD．becertain答案B解析makesure“查明，弄清楚”；C项besure“确信”。根据题意，B项正确。12．Becauseit’sverycold，thelittlegirl________tohermother.A．gotcloseB．gotcloselyC．closedD．comeclosely答案A解析close和closely在句中都是副词，但closemeans“onlyashortdistanceaway”，而closelymeans“inawaythatinvolvescarefulattentiontoeverydetail”。根据句意“由于天冷，小女孩靠得她母亲很近”可知，此处应指实际距离上的近，故选A.13．ItisinOxfordUniversity________hestudiedfor4years________hegothisgraduatestudentdegree.A．that；thatB．that；whereC．where；thatD．where；when答案C解析第一个空所填的词在“hestudiedfor4years”中作地点状语，故应用where；第二个空所填的词与前边的Itis...构成强调句型。14．Iwouldappreciateit________youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor’sappointment.A．untilB．ifC．whenD．that答案B解析Iwouldappreciateitif...是固定句型，表示“如果……，我将不胜感激”。15．Whydon’tyouputthemeatinthefridge？Itwill________freshforseveraldays.A．bestayedB．stayC．bestayingD．havestayed答案B解析stay在此处是系动词，后加形容词作表语。该词用作系动词时，无被动语态和进行时。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Dadtaughtmealotaboutlife，especiallyitshardrememberedoneofhis__16__onenightwhenIwasreadytoquit(退出)apoliticalcampaign(运动)Iwaslosing，andwroteaboutitinmydiary.Tired，feelingthemanymonthsof__17__，IwentuptomystudytomakesomewaslookingforapencilinthebackofmydeskI__18__uponeofDad’soldbusinesscardsthathewassoproudof：AndreaCuomo，ItalianAmericanGroceriesFineImportedIthoughtabouthowhe__19__withdifficultsituations，Alotofpicturesappearedintomy__20__，butonescenecamesharplyintohadjust__21__toHolliswood，NewYork，wehadourownhouseforthefirsttime；ithadsomelandaroundit，，inparticular，wasagreatbluespruce(云杉)thatmusthavebeen40feettall.Lessthanaweekafterwemovedin，therewasacamehomefromthestorethatnighttofindthespruce__24__almosttotallyfromthegroundandthrownontothemybrotherFrankieandIsawthespruce，ourhearts___25__.ButnotDad’s.Therainheannounced，“OK，we’regoingtopushhimup！”“Whatareyoutalkingabout，Dad？Therootsareoutoftheground！”“Shutup，we’regoingtopushhimup，he’sgoingto__27__again.”Wecouldn’tsay__28__towefollowedhimintothehouseandwegotwhatropetherewasandwe__29__theropearoundthetopofthetreethat__30__onthestreet，andhestoodupbythehouse，withme__31__ontheropeandFrankieinthestreetintherain，helpingto__32__upthegreatbluenotimeathaditstandingupstraightagain！Daddrovestakes(桩)intheground，tiedropefromthe__33__tothestakes，andsaid，“Don’tworry，he’sgoingtogrowagain...”Ilookedatthe__34__andwantedtocry，Icouldn’t__35__togetbackintothecampaign.16．B．lecturesC．lessonsD．talks答案C解析class指“班级、课堂”，有时也指“门类、阶段”；lesson主要指“功课”，此处指“教训”。teachlesson意思是“教训某人”；givelesson意思是“教训某人”；givelesson或give意思是“给某人上课”；lecture“讲座”；talks“讲话、谈判”。根据语意，lesson最合适。17．B．workingC．battleD．defence答案A解析struggle意为“斗争、挣扎、奋斗”。这里指内心的思想斗争。18．B．tookC．cameD．picked答案A解析四个选项中的动词都可与up构成动词短语：turnup“向上(翻、翘)；开大(光亮、声音等)；到达，出现；找到，发现”；takeup“参加(听、说、演唱等活动)；拿起(武器、笔等)”；comeup“(种子的芽)长出地面；走上前来”；pickup“拾(拣)起；用车搭(接)；拿起”。但根据语意，只有turnup合适。此处表示“(突然)出现(找到)”。19．B．workedC．dealtD．helped答案C解析dealwithdifficultsituations“对付各种困境或处理各种难题”。20．B．mindC．headD．book答案B解析头脑中呈现出许多画面。inmind指在大脑中，在心灵中。21．B．leftC．gotD．moved答案D解析move表示搬家。从后面“Lessthanaweekafterwemovedin，...”的暗示可知。22．B．fieldC．flowersD．trees答案D解析从后句的“One...wasagreatbluespruce...”可判定，此处指的是tree。23．B．rainC．snowD．wind答案A解析从后句的树连根拔起，可知他们遇到的是风暴(storm)。24．B．pulledC．putD．struck答案B解析pushdown“推倒”；putdown“扑灭大火；平息叛乱；放倒”；strikedown“打倒”；pulldown此处指云杉被狂风吹倒在地。25．B．roseC．sankD．dropped答案C解析sink“下沉；消沉”，这里指心情沉重。26．B．fallingC．comingD．going答案B解析从后文“Frankieinthestreetintherain”可知，天正下着雨。27．B．plantC．dieD．grow答案D解析从段末的“Don’tworry，he’sgoingtogrowagain...”可确定，此空应选grow。28．B．yesC．itD．nothing答案A解析saynotosb.“不赞成(不同意)某人”；sayyestosb.“赞同某人”，相当于agreewithsb.。29．B．gaveC．tiedD．kept答案C解析我们把绳子绑在树的上部。30．B．leftC．placedD．lay答案D解析A、B、C三项均表示“把……搁(放置)在……地方”，不合题意，只有D项正确。lay(原形lie，过去分词lain)意为“躺(着)、卧(着)或保持在某种状态或位置”。此处指“(树)躺在地上”。31．B．pushingC．holdingD．fixing答案A解析用绳子把树拉起来。pullon意为“用力拉”。holdon指“抓住(不放)”的意思。32．B．putC．pullD．push答案D解析由上文的“...，we’regoingtopushhimup...”可确定。pushup“把……拉起来”。33．B．rootsC．trunkD．branches答案C解析无论是把树拉倒还是把倒在地上的树木拉起来，常常是把绳子系在树干上，故应用trunk。34．B．cardC．treeD．rain答案B解析与前面的“IturneduponeofDad’soldbusinesscards…”相呼应。体现了前后一致的做题思路。35．B．stopC．leaveD．stay答案A解析看着这张卡片，我想哭，我不能再等了，我要重新回到政治运动中去。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ATakeatripacrossAmerica，bywayofanadvicecolumn(专栏)，andyou’llfindplentyworthonceaskedmyreadersintheChicagoSun­Times，whereItooktheplaceofAnnLanders，tonamethepersontowhomtheywouldsay“Ioweyouone.”VictorLaPorte,45，wrotetomefromhishospitalbedabouthiskidbrother，Tony.Forthreeyears，Victorhadbeenterriblysick，Hisarmswereblackandoftenpassedkidneys(肾)hadfailed，anddialysis(肾透析)wasn’twasdying.Doctorssaidatransplant(移植)wouldhelp，andTonykeptofferinghiskidney，butVictordidn’twanttoputhisbrotherthroughthepainortheriskoflivingwithoneinsisted.“Hey，Iloveyou，”hekeptdoctorsexplainedthereasonGodgaveustwokidneysisthatwecanoffertookalongtimetopersuadeVictor，butfinallyhetimesthebrotherswenttothehospital，onlytohavetheoperationputoffbecauseofVictor’sinfections(感染)．ButTonyneverthoughtofbackingeachdisappointment，heannounced，“We’recomingback！”HeevengotVictoraT­shirtthatreadI’MNOQUITTER.FinallytheoperationswereoneonTonywashadtoremovepartofhisribtogetthekidneyrecovertooklongerthanVictor’s,andhehadmorepain.Victorwrote：“BecauseofTony’sunselfishness，Ihaveachancetoseemyfourchildrengrow’llneverknowmybrother’spain，fearsandIknowisthelovewecanItellhimthanks？MaybebylettingeveryoneknowIhavethegreatestbrotherintheworld.”36．Thewritertellsusthatifyouwanttofindsomethingworthcelebrating，youcan________.A．readsomenewspapersB．listentotheradioC．travelaroundAmericaD．watchTV答案A解析第一段中column和readers等词已作提示。37．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．VictoraskedTonytoofferhiskidney.B．AtransplantmaybetheonlywaytosaveVictor.C．Tonygavehislifetohisbrother.D．Victorknewhisbrother’spainwasnotmuchmorethanhis.答案B解析医生的诊断及Victor的病情就说明了这点。38．Fromthispassageweknow________.A．apersoncanlivewithoutkidneysB．GodgivesuseachonekidneyC．apersoncanhardlylivewithonekidneyD．apersoncanlivewithonekidney答案D解析根据文章第3段中间医生们的解释我们可知“人只有一个肾脏就可以生存”，是事实。39．“I’MNOQUITTER.”means________.A．I’mnotdisappointedB．Iwon’tagreeC．Iwon’tbackoutD．I’mcomingback答案C解析此句意为Tony献肾救Victor的决心已定，决不会打退堂鼓。BLanguageisamajorproblemfortheEuropeanUnion(EU)．Theagreementortreaty(条约)whichcreatedtheorganizationthatfinallybecametheEU，theTreatyofRome，statedthateachcountry’slanguagemustbetreatedoriginal(原来的)sixcountrieshadonlythreelanguagesbetweenthem：French，GermanandDutch/arenow15countriesintheEU，withatotalof12documentsmustbetranslatedintoalltheselanguages，andatofficialmeetingsthespeechesmustbetranslatedintoallthelanguagesbyinterpreters.Allthistranslatingisveryexpensiveandtime­consuming(费时的)．ItissaidthatnearlyhalfofallemployessoftheEUareengagedintranslatingdocumentsandspeeches，andnearlyhalfoftheEU’sadministrative(管理方面)costsarespentonthisthenearfutureitisprobablethatseveralmorecountries，mostofthemhavingtheirownlanguages，willjointheEU，thusmakingthesituationevenworse.Theproblemisnotjustcost；therearepracticaldifficultiesas12languages，thereare132possible“translationsituations”thatmightbeisoftendifficulttofindpeopleintherightplaceattherighttimewhocantranslatefrom(forexample)DanishintoGreek，orDutchintoPortuguese，atahighprofessional(专业)standard.InpracticetheproblemhasbeenmadelessseriousbytheuseofEnglishinmanycontacts(接触)betweenEUofficials，sincealmostallofthemspeaksome，anymovetoreducethenumberofofficiallanguages(perhapstofourorfive)wouldbeablowtotheprideofthesmallercommonlysuggestedsolutionistomakeEnglishtheofficiallanguageforallEU，thisisstronglyresistedbypowerfulmembercountrieslikeFranceandGanizationthatfinallybecametheEU________.A．wasstartedbyFranceandGermanyB．startedwiththreecountriesC．wassetupbytheTreatyofRomeD．included132languages答案C解析细节理解题。文章第二句话说，是一个条约(协议)创建了这个最终成为欧洲联盟的组织，这个条约被称为《罗马条约》。41．What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A．Togiveasolutiontoaproblem.B．Tofindoutaproblemandshowhowseriousitis.C．TocriticizetheEuropeanUnionforinefficiency(低效率)．D．Toshowthattheproblemcannotbesolved.答案B解析主观推断题。作者在文中介绍了欧洲联盟从创建到扩大过程中所涉及到的语言使用问题，随着加盟国家个数越来越多，这个问题越来越突出，而几种建议都是由于某种原因而不能实行。42．Accordingtothewriter，theuseofEnglishincontactsamongEUofficialshas________.A．angeredtheofficialswhodon’tspeakEnglishB．reducedthenumberofofficiallanguagesC．lessenedtheeffectoftheproblemD．beenopposedbypowerfulmembercountries答案C解析细节理解题。这在最后一段第一句话中可看得出。由于欧联官员在相互接触中使用英语而减轻了语言问题。注意此题中的D项是最大干扰项，文章交待，像法国、德国这样的大国反对把英语当作官方或正式语言，这并不意味着他们反对使用英语。43．Thewritermentions“DanishintoGreek”asanexampleof________.A．asituationthatmightbedifficulttodealwithB．asituationthatoccursoftenC．oneofthe12situationsthatrequiresaninterpreterD．languageseasilybeinginterpreted答案A解析这个例子所在的段落主要涉及到“欧联的语言翻译有实际的困难。”CABritishshipthatsankduringtheAmericanRevolutionhasbeendiscoveredatthebottomofLake，the22­gunshipiswell­preservedinthecold，deepannouncedthenewsrecently.Kennardisanelectricalhasbeendivingfornearly40yearsandhasfoundmorethan200wrecks(残骸)intheGreatLakesandotherlakesorbegansearchingtheOntario35yearsagobutquitafterseveralyearsago，hebegantoworkwithScoville，athen，thepairhavefoundsevenshipsinthetheyears，Kennardgotlicensesandinformation，includingtheship’sdesignplans，fromtheBritishthen，ittookthepairthreeyearstosearchmorethan200squaremilesbeforetheyfoundtheshipearlierthismonth.Afterlocatingthewreckwiththesonal(声纳)，theexplorersusedasubmarinetoconfirmtheir80­footshipistheonlyentireBritishshipeverfoundintheGreatLakes，ScovilleandKennardsaid.“TohaveashipfromtheRevolutionaryWarthat’snearlyentireis’sanarchaeologicalmiracle.”TheysaidtheshipisstillconsideredthepropertyoftheBritishtheshipsitsinanareawherethewaterisupto500feetdeepandcannotbereachedbyanyonebutthemostexperienceddivers，KennardandScovillerefusedtogiveitsexactlocationwithonlysaidthatitwasfoundoffthesouthernshore.TheshipwasdiscoveredrestingpartiallyonitswentdownonOctober31,1780，with60Britishsoldiers,acrewofabout40，mostlyCanadians，andpossiblyabout30Americanwarexplorersalsofoundtwocannonsandtheship’sbell.44．FromthepassagewelearnthatKennard________.A．hasfoundover200wrecksintheGreatLakesB．haskeptsearchingtheOntariofor35yearsC．isbothanengineerandanexperienceddiverD．gottoknowScovillewhenhewasveryyoung答案C解析根据第二段“Kennardisanelectricalhasbeendivingfornearly40years...”和第三段“...cannotbereachedbyanyonebutthemostexperienceddivers”可知，答案为C。45．KennardandScoville’sdiscoveryoftheBritishship______.A．costthemalotoftimeandlaborB．neededalotofexperts’ssupportC．wasforbiddenbythegovernmentD．wasmadecompletelybyaccident答案A解析根据第二段“...ittookthepairthreeyearstosearchmorethan200squaremilesbeforetheyfoundtheshipearlierthismonth”可知，答案为A。46．WecaninferfromthetextthatKennardandScoville______.A．willearnagreatdealofmoneybysellingtheshipB．willbecomeworldfamousbecauseoftheirfindC．maynothavesucceededwithoutmoderntechnologyD．willbegivenalargerewardbytheAmericangovernment答案C解析根据第三段“Afterlocatingthewreckwiththesonar，theexplorersusedasubmarinetoconfirmtheirfind”可推测，如果没有现代技术，他们很难成功。47．KennardandScovillerefusedtogivetheship’sexactlocationbecause________.A．theydidnotknowexactlywheretheshipwasB．theywereafraidthatsomethingunexpectedmighthappenC．theywantedtokeepitasecretforeverD．theythoughtitwouldbeinterestingforpeopletoguesswhereitis答案B解析根据第三段“Althoughtheshipsitsinanareawherethewaterisupto500feetdeepandcannotbereachedbyanyonebutthemostexperienceddivers”可知，他们很谨慎，主要是以防不测。DBeforeanyperiodofexerciseitiswellworthspendingtwoorthreeminuteswarmingupwithaseriesofsimplestretchingnotonlyhelpsyourjoints(关节)tomoveeasilybutalsopreparesallyourmusclegroupsformoreenergeticisratherlikeacatstretchingitselfbeforeitspringsintoarefourmovementstodoinaneasyandunhurriedway，gentlystretchingeachactionwithoutforcingeachmovementtentimes，breathingnormallythroughout.Ⅰ.Standingwithyourfeetapart，pushbotharmsoutstraightinfrontofyou，fingertipsthemaboveyourhead，thendowntothesidespushingeacharmbackwardsatthesametime.Ⅱ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonhips(臀部)．Tipyourheadbackandlookstraightuptotheyourheadroundslowlytofacetheright，thenthefloor，andfinallyupattheceilingintheotherdirection.Ⅲ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonyoursides，leanfirsttotherightandthentotheleft，slidingthehanddownthesideoftheleg.Ⅳ.Standingfeetapartandarmsoutstraightinfront，withyoureyesfixedonyourrighthands，swingyourrightarmroundtotheright，keepingitstraight，asfarasitwillittothefrontandrepeatwiththeleftarm.48．Whyshouldyoudotheseexercises?A．Tostrengthenmuscles.B．Tostretchjoints.C．Toprepareforphysicalactivity.D．Todevelopcontrolofmovement.答案C解析主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Thisnotonlyhelpsyourjoints(关节)tomoveeasilybutalsopreparesallyourmusclegroupsformoreenergeticactivity.”可知。49．Howshouldtheseexercisesbecarriedout?A．Withpauses，taking10breathsbetweeneachone.B．Continuouslyfortwoorthreeminutes.C．Steadilyandslowly，breathingcalmly.D．Asenergeticallyaspossible答案B解析事实细节题。由首句“Beforeanyperiodofexerciseitiswellworthspendingtwoorthreeminuteswarmingupwithaseriesofsimplestretchingexercises.”可知。50．Thefirstsetofpicturesshowsyouhowtodoexercise______.A．ⅣB．ⅡC．ⅠD．Ⅲ答案D解析识图题。Thefirstsetofpictures是做第三套练习。由“Ⅲ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonyoursides，leanfirsttotherightandthentotheleft，slidingthehanddownthesideoftheleg.”可知。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。RecentlysomeAmericanscientistshavegivenausefulpieceofadvicetopeopleinindustrializedsaypeopleshouldeatmoreofthesamekindoffoodeatenbyhumanslivingmorethan10,000yearsThescientistssaythatthehumanlifehaschangedbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleandthishadledtonewkindsofSotheyarecalled“diseasesofcivilization”．Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystemareexamplesofsuchdiseases.ScientistsnotedthatpeopleinboththeOldStoneAgeandtheNewStoneAgeenjoyedverylittlealcoholortobacco，probablyHowever，achangeinfoodisoneofthemaindifferencesbetweenlifeinancienttimesandthatoftoday.StoneAgepeoplehuntedwildanimalsfortheirmeat，whichhadmuchlessfatthandomesticatealotoffreshwildvegetablesanddidnothavemilkoranyotherdairyproducts，andtheymadeverylittleuseofWeeatsixtimesmoresaltthanoureatmoreeattwiceasmuchfatbutonlyonethirdasmuchproteinandmuchlessvitaminC.__55__Butscientistssaythatwewouldbemuchhealthierifweeatmuchthesamewayasourancestorsdid，cuttingtheamountoffatty，saltyandsweetfood.A．Thesenewsicknesseswerenotknowninancienttimes.B．P