2022北京昌平高三（上）期末英语（教师版）

2022北京昌平高三（上）期末英语本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分、知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AfterIlostmyrighthandinacaraccidenttenyearsago,IthoughtIwouldneverbeabletoleadanormallifeagain.Iwasequippedwithanartificialhand,butitdidnotfeellikeapartofme.Even[thingslikegettingdressedwereunbelievablydifficult.Threemonthsago,2.allthatchangedwhenIwasgiventhe3totestanewrobotichand.Scientistshavebeenmakinggreatprogressinrobotictechnologyinrecentyears,andtheirworkonroboticlimbs（四肢）hasreallychangedmylife.Withmynewhand,Icanmovemyindividualfingersand4verysmallthings,likepensandpencils.More5,myrobotichandiscapableof6varyingdegreesofpressure,justlikea7hand.OverthepastthreemonthsIhavebeentestingoutthe8ofwhatIcandowithmynewhand,anditconstantlysurprisesme.IhaverediscoveredhobbiesIenjoyedbeforemyaccident.Forexample,IhavebeencookingformyfamilysinceIgotmynewhand.NotonlycanIdomore,butIalsofeelmore9whenIhangoutwithfriends.AndnowI'mso10forallthenewpossibilitiesmyrobotichandhasopenedup.1.A.strangeB.simpleC.interestingD.important2.A.howeverB.insteadC.thusD.moreover3.A.spaceB.powerC.chanceD.method4.A.graspB.drawC.balanceD.afford5.A.casuallyB.amazinglyC.obviouslyD.seriously6.A.examiningB.touchingC.reachingD.feeling7.A.newB.realC.specialD.strong8.A.limitsB.waysC.rulesD.behaviors9.A.curiousB.energeticC.confidentD.anxious10A.suitableB.regretfulC.responsibleD.grateful第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。NaomiWatts,oneofHollywood'sgreatest11(star),wasborninEnglandon28thSeptember,1968.Atsevenshe12(begin)tofollowhermotherandherbrotheraroundEnglanduntilin1982(heysettledinAustraliawhereNaomipersuadedhermothertolethertakeactingclasses.Afterbitpartsincommercials,shelandedherfirstroleinFor【2题详解】考杳副词词义辨析。句意：然而，三个月前，当我有机会测试一种新的机械手时，一切都改变了。A.however然而；B.instead代替，反而；C.thus因此；D.moreover此外。根据上文“Even[thingslikegettingdressedwereunbelievablydifficult.”可知，甚至像穿衣服这样简单的事情都难以置信的困难，而下文中又提到“一切都改变了“，由此可知，上下文之间形成转折关系。故选A。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.space空间；B.power权力，力量；C.chance机会；D.method方法。根据"totestanewrobotichand.”可知，作者得到了一个测试机械手的机会。故选Co【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了这只新手，我可以移动我的手指，抓住非常小的东西，比如钢笔和铅笔。A.grasp理解，抓住；B.draw画画；C.balance平衡;D.afford付得起。根据“likepensandpencils”可知,这只机械手可以帮助作者抓住像钢笔和铅笔这种小东西。故选A。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是，我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像一只真正的手一样。A.casually随意地;B.amazingly令人惊讶地；C.obviously明显地;D.seriously严重地。根据“itconstantlysurprisesme”可知，这只机械手的功能让作者感到惊讶。故选B。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.examining检查；B.【ouching接触：C.reaching到达;D.feeling感觉。根据“varyingdegreesofpressure”可知，机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力。故选D。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.new新；B.real真正的；C.special特别的；D.strong强壮的。根据“More5.myrobotichandiscapableof6varyingdegreesofpressure”可知，机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像真正的手一样。故选B。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三个月里，我一直在测试我的新手的极限，它不断地让我惊讶。A.limits限制；B.ways方法；C.rules规则；D.behaviors行为。根据"IhaverediscoveredhobbiesIenjoyedbeforemyaccident.Forexample,IhavebeencookingformyfamilysinceIgotmynewhand.”可知，作者一直在测试新手的极限，最后重:获了以前的爱好。故选A。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不仅可以做得更多，而且当我和朋友出去玩的时候，我也会感到更自信。A.curious好奇的;B.energetic精力充沛的;C.confident自信的;D.anxious焦虑的。根据“iustlikca7hand”可知,感觉自己的机械手像真的手一样，作者恢复了自信。故选C。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我很感激我的机械手为我打开了所有新的可能性。A.suitable合适的；B.regretful后悔的；C.responsible负责任的;D.grateful感激的。根据“allthenewpossibilitiesmyrobotichandhasopenedup”可知，作者为机械手给自己生活带来的新的可能性表示感谢。故选D“第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。NaomiWatts,oneofHollywood'sgreatest11(star),wasbominEnglandon28"September,1968.Atsevenshe12(begin)tofollowhermotherandherbrotheraroundEnglanduntilin1982theysettledinAustraliawhereNaomipersuadedhermothertolethertakeactingclasses.Afterbitpartsincommercials,shelandedherfirstroleinForLoveAlone.LaterherpartinthefilmMulhollandDriveshowedherstrongactingability,andearned13(she)muchrespect.题答案】【答案】11.stars12.began13.her【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了好莱坞影星娜奥米•沃茨。【11题详解】考查名词的数。句意：娜奥米・沃茨，好莱坞最伟大的明星之一，1968年9月28日出生于英国。oneof+可数名词复数形式，意为“……之一”，用名词star的复数形式。故填stars。【12题详解】考查时态。句意：七岁时，她开始跟随母亲和哥哥在英国四处流浪，直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居下来，在那里，娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。根据“atseven”和“in1982”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填begano【13题详解】考查代词。句意：后来，她在电影《穆赫兰道》中的角色展示了她强大的演技，为她赢得了很多尊重。空处需填代词作earned的宾语，需用宾格形式。故填her。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。Onewaytoimproveyourlearningisthroughcriticalthinking,14isanecessaryskill.Theeasiestway15(learn)tothinkcriticallyistoforceyourselftoquestioneverything.IstillrememberwhenIwasatuniversity,myclassmatesandI16(encourage)tochallengeeachotherandourprofessors.Itcouldbeverychallenging,butitwasawayofdevelopingcriticalthinking.Sotrytodevelopyourpowerofcriticalthinking.Anddon'tbelieveeverythingyoureadorsee.Thinkforyourself.【14~16题答案】【答案】14.whichtolearnwereencouraged【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己的经历告诉我们学会批判性思考的最简单方法就是强迫自己质疑一切。【14题详解】考查定语从句。句意：提高学习能力的一个方法是通过批判性思维，这是一项必要的技能。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词criticaldiinking,指物，在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词which引导。故填which。15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学会批判性思考的最简单方法就是强迫自己质疑一切。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is,空处需填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way。故填tolearn。【16题详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我仍然记得当我在大学的时候，我的同学和我被鼓励去挑战彼此和我们的教授。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语myclassmatesandI和encourage是被动关系，需用被动语态，谓语动词使用或数形式。故填wereencouraged。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。Someanimalspecies17(develop)amazinglycomplicatedwaysofcommunicatingwithoneanothersincetheyappearedontheplanet.But(herearehugedifferences18thewaysanimalscommunicateandthewayshumanbeingsdo.Whenanimalsmakeasound,suchasabarkoracall,itisreactionto19ishappeningaroundthem.Analarmcallmeanstheyare20(frighten).Ahungercallmeanstheywantfood.Animals,though,cannotmakeacallmeaning“Iwasscaredyesterday/'or'THbehungrytomorrow."Onlyhumanbeingsarccapableofdoingthis.【17~20题答案】【答案】17.havedcvclopcd##havcbeendevelopingbetweenwhat20.frightened【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物的交流方式和人类的交流方式有很大的不同。【17题详解】考查动词时态。句意：一些动物物种自出现在地球上以来，已经发展出了相当复杂的相互沟通方式。根据“sincethey叩pearedontheplanet”可知，空处使用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，表示一个动作从过去开始持续到现在或者一个动作从过去开始持续到现在并将继续持续下去。主语为Someanimalspecies,助动词用have。故填havedcvelopcd/havcbeendeveloping。【18题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但是动物的交流方式和人类的交流方式有很大的不同。between...and…为固定短语，意为“在二者之间“。故填between。19题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：当动物发出声音时，比如吠叫或呼叫，这是对它们周围发生的事情的反应。空出引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：警报信号意味着它们受到了惊吓。空处需填形容词作表语，此处表示“感到……的"，需用-ed结尾的形容词。故填frightened。第二部分、阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAlthoughapopularchoicefbrheatingourhomes,gasboilersarefilledwithproblems.Lackofroom-by-roomcontrolmeansyoucouldbeleftcoldandunhappy,meanwhilepossiblypollutingtheenvironmentwithharmfulgases.Theinefficiencyofgasheaterscouldalsocostyouhundredsofpoundsinrepairs.TheFutureisElectricTheFischerEBisanelectricboilerthathasbeenbuiltwiththefutureinmind.Withnoneedforoutsidewatertanks,theFischerEBisamodernandefficientheatingsolutiontoreplaceyouroutdatedheating.Madefromaspecialsteel,FischerEBisbuilttolastandsimpletooperate.Andwithnoadditionalneedforservicing,youcanenjoypeaceofmindknowingthereisnoriskofyourboilerbreakingdown.CompleteControlFischerEBcomeswithawireless（hermostal（恒温计）ihathasbeendesignedforeasyandsimpleuse.ProgramyourFischerEBboilertomakesureyouaregettingtherighttemperaturewhenyouneedit.Nowastedheat,nowastedenergyandnomorefearwhentheweathertakesaturnfortheworse.AtthetouchofabuttonyouwillexperiencethewarmthandcomfortofFischerEB.MakeadifferencetotheenvironmentFischerElectricBoilersrunonlyonelectricity,meaningifyouaresuppliedwithrenewableenergyyoucanheatyourhomewithoutworryingaboutanyharmfulgasesorpollutants.Installation（安装）iseasyandsimple.Youcanrelaxwhenknowingthereisnoneedfbrmaintainingorservice.AcleanerfutureActnow!ApplyanenergyefficientFischerElectricboilerandreplaceyourhuge,inefficientgasoroilboiler.Benefitfromcontrollabilityandcomfortthiswinter.YoucanlearnmoreaboutFischerEBbycalling08001032672orbyvisitingthewebsiteat:.TheFischerEBisenvironmentalfriendlymainlybecause.itcostslessmoneyinrepairsitrunsonlyonelectricityit'ssimpletooperateit'seasytomaintainWithaFischerEB,peoplecancontrolthetemperatureby.usingaspecialsteelinstallingawaterlankaddinganextrabuttonprogrammingtheboilerThepurposeofthepassageisto.findanapplicantshareatechnologypromoteaproductintroduceaservice【21~23题答案】【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，主要介绍了费舍尔电锅炉这个产品。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“FischerElectricBoilersrunonlyonelectricity,meaningifyouaresuppliedwithrenewableenergyyoucanheatyourhomewithoutworryingaboutanyharmfulgasesorpolhitants.（费舍尔电锅炉只靠电力运行，这意味着如果你使用可再生能源，你可以为你的家供暖，而不用担心任何有害气体或污染物。）”可知，费舍尔电锅炉是环保的主要原因是它只靠电力运行。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ProgramyourFischerEBboilertomakesureyouarcgettingtherighttemperaturewhenyouneedil.（给你的费舍尔电锅炉的恒温计编程，确保你在需要的时候得到正确的温度。）“可知，使用费舍尔电锅炉，人们可以通过对温计编程来控制温度。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Actnow!ApplyanenergyefficientFischerElectricboilerandreplaceyourhuge,inefficientgasoroilboiler.Benefitfromcontrollabilityandcomfortthiswinter.（现在就行动!使用节能的费舍尔电锅炉，并替换您巨大的，低效的燃气或燃油锅炉。这个冬天从可控性和舒适度中受益。户可知，文章的主要目的是推销费舍尔电锅炉这个产品。故选C。BAs17-year-oldNorwooddrovethroughSt.Petersburg,Florida,lastFebruary,thelaughterandchatterfromthefourteenagegirlsinsidehercarquicklygavewaytoscreams.Astheyapproachedacrossroad,anothercarT-bonedthem,sendingtheirblackcarsailingintotheyardofanearbyhouse,comingtoastoponlywhenitcrashedintoatree.Assmokerosefromtheothercar,abystandershouted,"It'sabouttoblowup!Getout!”TheimpacthadcavedinNorwood'sdriver'ssidedoor,jammingitshut.Shaken,butstillOK,shecrawledoutthroughthewindow.Alongwithtwoofherfriends,who'dalsomanagedtofreethemselves,sheranforherlife.Buthalfwaydownthestreet,sherealizedthatherbestfriend,Simmons,wasn'twiththem.NorwoodranbacktotheseriouslydamagedcarandfoundSimmonslyinginthebackseat."Shewasn'tmoving,MNorwoodtoldthereporter.Shethrewopenthebackdoorandpulledherfriendout,avoidingthebrokenglassasbestshecould.ShedraggedSimmonsafewfeettosafetyandlaidherontheground.UIcheckedherpulse."Nothing."Iputmyheadagainstherchest.^^Nosignoflife."That'swhenIstartedCPR.^^Iftheaccidenthadhappenedafewweeksearlier,shemightnothaveknownwhattodo.ButNorwood,whowantstopursueacareerinmedicine,hadearnedherCPRcertificatejustthedaybefore.Kneelingonthelawnandlookingdownatherdyingfriend,Norwoodknewshehadpreciouslittletimetopracticewhatshe'dlearned.

ShestartedpressingSimmons'schestwithhercrossedfingersandbreathingintoherfriend'smouthinhopesoffillingherlungswiththekissoflife.Noresponse.Andthen,afterthe30thpress,Simmonsbegancoughingandgaspingforair.TheCPRhadworked!Soon,anambulancearrivedandrushedSimmonstothehospital,whereshereceivedstitches（缝合）forawoundinherforehead.Andthensheheardhowherbestfriendhadsavedherlife.wasn'tshocked,nsaidSimmons.uShcwillalwayshelpanywayshecan."OnadayoflastFebruary,Norwoodandherfriends.witnessedacrashdroveintoahouseranintoanaccidentgotstuckinatrafficjamNorwoodranbacktothedamagedcarjustinorderto.ApracticeCPRB.helpherfriendoutD.stoptheexplosionD.stoptheexplosionD.stoptheexplosionC.openthebackdoorWhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeNorwood?D.stoptheexplosionC.Ambitious.B.BreathoflifeD.LossofmemoryD.Optimistic.C.Ambitious.B.BreathoflifeD.LossofmemoryD.Optimistic.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.PursuitofdreamC.Recoveryfrominjury【24〜27题答案】【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诺伍德在发生交通事故后，用心肺复苏术救了自己朋友的性命。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Astheyapproachedacrossroad,anothercarT-bonedthem,sendingtheirblackcarsailingintotheyardofanearbyhouse,comingtoastoponlywhenitcrashedintoatree.（当他们接近一个十字路口时，另一一辆车从他们身上撞过来，把他们的黑色轿车撞进了附近一所房子的院子里，直到撞上一棵树才停了下来。）“可知，去年2月的一天，诺伍德和她的朋友们遭遇了一场交通事故。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Buthalfxvaydownthestreet,sherealizedthatherbestfriend,Simmons,wasn'twiththem.NorwoodranbacktotheseriouslydamagedcarandfoundSimmonslyinginthebackseat.（但走到一半的时候，她意识至lj她最好的朋友西蒙斯并没有和他们在一起。诺伍德跑回损坏严重的汽车旁，发现西蒙斯躺在后座上。）”和“Shethrewopenthebackdoorandpulledherfriendout,avoidingthebrokenglassasbestshecould.（她猛地打开后fJ,把她的朋友拉了出来，尽量避开那些碎玻璃。）”可知，诺伍德跑回被撞坏的车旁，只是为了帮助她的朋友。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Assmokerosefromtheothercar,abystandershouted,"It'sabouttoblowup!Getout!”（当另一辆车冒起烟时，一个旁观者喊道:“要爆炸了!”出去巧”和“Shaken,butstillOK,shecrawledoutthroughthewindow.Alongwithtwoofherfriends,who'dalsomanagedtofreethemselves,sheranforherlife.（她颤抖着，但还好，从窗户爬了出去。她和她的两个朋友一起逃命，他们也成功逃脱了。户以及文章第三段“Buthalfwaydownthestreet,sherealizedthatherbestfriend.Simmons,wasn'twiththem.NonvoodranbacktotheseriouslydamagedcarandfoundSimmonslyinginthebackseat.（但走到一半的时候，她意识到她最好的朋友西蒙斯并没有和他们在一起。诺伍德跑回损坏严重:的汽车旁，发现西蒙斯躺在后座上.户可知，诺伍德本来一经成功逃脱了，却为了救朋友重新跑【可损坏严重的汽车旁，由此可知，她是勇敢的。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段的“ShestartedpressingSimmons'schestwithhercrossedfingersandbreathingintoherfriend'smouthinhopesoffillingherlungswiththekissoflife.（她开始用交叉的手指按压西蒙斯的胸部，对着朋友的嘴里呼吸，希望用生命的吻填满她的肺。丁以及文章主要讲述了诺伍德在发生交通事故后，用心肺复苏术救了自己朋友的性命。由此可知，B项：Breathoflife（生命的呼吸）为最佳标题。故选B.CTheterm"Pygmalionefteef'wascoinedinreferencetostudiesdoneinthe1960sontheinfluenceofteacherexpectationsonstudents'IQs.Thestudiesaskedifteachershadhighexpectations,wouldthoseexpectationsbecomeself^fulfillingprophecies（预言）regardlessofinitialIQ?Inthatparticularcase,yearsofdebateandanalysishaveresultedintheconclusionthattheeffectswerenegligible.However,theconceptofthePygmalioneffect—expectationsinfluencingperformanceandbecomingself-fulfillingprophecies—iswidespread.Manypeoplehavestoriesofachievingsomethingjustbecausesomeonehadespeciallyhighexpectationsofthem.ThePygmalioneffectsuggestsourrealityisnegotiableandcanbeinfluencedbyothers—onpurposeorbyaccident.Whatweachieve,howwethink,howweact,andhowweperceiveourcapabilitiescanbeaffectedbytheexpectationsofthosearoundus.AninterestinguseofthePygmalioneffectmightbe（hatsuggestedbyGeorgeBernardShaw'splayPygmalion.Init.ProfessorHenryHigginstakesapoorflowersellerfromthestreets.ElizaDoolittle,andbygivingherlessonshelpshersoundlikeaduchess（公爵夫人）.Beingabletospeaklikeamemberof（heupperclassesismeant（oopendoorsandgiveheropportunitiesthatshewouldotherwiseneverhave.ElizafinallyappearstobeaduchessasHigginswishes.Theexpectationspeoplehaveofusaffectusincountlesssublle（微妙的）wayseachday.LikeElizaDoolittle,（hoseexpectationsaffecttheoppoHuniliesweareoffered,howwearespokento,and（hepraiseandcriticismwereceive.Individually,thesemayhaveminimalimpact.Inthelongrun,however,theymightdecidewhetherwcsucceedorfailorfallsomewhereontherangeinbetween.ThePygmalioneffectisbestunderstoodasaremindertobemindfulofthepotentialinfluenceofourexpectations.Eveniftheeffectissmall,havinghighexpectationsinmanysituationscanonlyinspireothersregardingtheirowncapabilities.People'slimitationscanbestretchedifyouchangeyourperceptionoftheirlimitations.Alotofwhatweaccomplishinlifeisdoneingroups.Ifyouwantthepeoplearoundyoutohavesuccess,youcantryraisingyourexpectations.Ifyouexpect（heworst,you'Hprobablygetit.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''negligible''inParagraph1probablymean?A.Slight.B.Unusual.C.Important.D.Shocking.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutthePygmalioneffect?A.Itworksbetterinindividualsthaningroups.Ittakeseffectonlyinthefieldofeducation.Itstressespeople'sexpectationsonothers.Itcanincreasepeople'sinitialIQ.TheauthorillustratestheuseofthePygmalioneffectinParagraph4mainlyby.makingacomparisonprovidinganexampleintroducinganapproachpresentinganassumption【28〜30题答案】【答案】28.A29.C30.B【解析】【分析】这是•一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了皮格马利翁效应这一概念。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“However,theconceptofthePygmalioneffect―expectationsinfluencingperformanceandbecomingself-fulfillingprophecies（预言）一iswidespread.（然而，皮格马利翁效应（Pygmalioneffect）的概念预期影响业绩并成为自我实现的预言——却广为流传）“可知，划线词所在的句子与之意思相反，划线词所在句子意为“在这一特殊情况下，多年的辩论和分析得出的结论是，影响是可以忽略不计的。”，由此可知，negligible意为“轻微的故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThePygmalioneffectsuggestsourrealityisnegotiableandcanbeinfluencedbyothers一onpurposeorbyaccident.Whatweachieve,howwethink,howweact,andhowweperceiveourcapabilitiescanbeaffectedbytheexpectationsofthosearoundus.（皮格马利翁效应（Pygmalioneffect）表明，我们的现实是可以协商的，可以受到他人的影响一有意或无意。我们所取得的成就，我们如何思考，我们如何行动，以及我们如何看待自己的能力都会受到周围人的期望的影响。）“可知，皮格马利翁效应强调了人们对他人的期望。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“AninterestinguseofthePygmalioneffectmightbethatsuggestedbyGeorgeBernardShaw*playPygmalion4萧伯纳的戏剧《皮格马利翁》提出门支格马利翁效应的一个有趣用法。户以及接下来叙述的茶花女的故事可知，作者在第4段主要通过一个例子来说明皮格马利翁效应的使用。故选B。DIt'satypicalmorningyouwakeup,takeashower,brushyourteeth,andthenstickyourarmwithatinyneedle.Wait,what?Unlessyouhaveaseriousdiseasesuchasdiabetes,youprobablyhaven'tevertestedyourownblood.Butinthefuture,thatmightchange.ThecompanyCoralreadysellsasystemforhomebloodtesting.Youstickyourarmusingasupposedlypainless,throwaway,blood-drawingcartridges（针筒）aboutthesizeofalipstick.Thenyoustickthecartridgeintoadevicethatlookslikethebaseforanelectrictoothbrush.Afewminuteslater,anapponyourphonebuzzeswithupdatedinformation,includingyourcurrenthealthstateandtipsonwhattocatandhowtoexerciseduringtheday.44Hcalthisthemostimportantthingwehave.Sowhynottrackitasoften,andaswellaspossible?^^saysCor'scompanywebsite.It'struethatbloodcontainsawealthofinformationaboutaperson'shealth.Specifictestcanrevealifapersonisinfectedwithadiseaseoratriskforavarietyofproblems,includingaheartattackorastroke.Butmostpeopledon'ttesttheirownblooduntiladoctorsaysit'stime.Healthyyoungadultsgetroutinebloodtestsabouteveryfiveyears.Thesetestshappenatalab,whereatechnicianoranursejabsalongneedleintothearmtodrawoutseveraltubesfullofblood.Corandsimilarcompanies,suchasWellnessFX,aretryingtochangeallthat.Theythinkpeopledeserveaccess(omoreinformationabouttheirownhealth.Butnoteveryoneisconvincedthatregularbloodtestingforhealthypeopleisagreatidea.Cor'ssystemisexpensiveandmaynotoffermuchbenefit."Thebest-casesituationhereisyouloseyourmoneyandthenyou'reremindedtogetmoresleepandtoeatmorefruits,vegetables,andfish,“PieterCohenofHanardMedicalSchooltoldthereporter.t€Theworstcaseofsituationisthatyouendupgettingalarmedbysupposedlyabnormalresultsthatareactuallycompletelynormalfbryou.”Plus,theresultsofahomebloodtestmightbewrong.It'shard(ogetaccurateresultsfromatinyamountofblood.Onecompany,Theranos,saiditcouldperformmedicalbloodtestsonafinger-prick'sworthofblood.Butthecompanywassoonstuckinadebateandaccusedofcheatbecauseitstechnologydidn'tseemtoworkaspromised.Whatdoyouthink?Ismonitoringyourownhealthbypinpricks(针刺)thewayofthefuture?Orisitbettertoleavebloodtestingtomedicalprofessionals?WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?Whythehomebloodtestingsystemshouldbeapplied.Whatcanbedonewiththehomebloodtestingsystem.Whomightusethehomebloodtestingsystem.Howthehomebloodtestingsystemworks.Somedoubtregularhomebloodtestingmainlybecauseitvidepeoplewithmisleadinginformationleadpeopletoariskforvariousproblemstrackpeople'sprivateinformationonlinecostpeoplealargeamountofmoneyWhatcanwcinferfromthepassage?It'spossibletohavehomebloodtesteverydayinthefuture.Homebloodtestcanprovideaccurateresulttocurediseases.Healthyyoungpeopleneedn'thavehomebloodtestveryoften.ThecompanyCoroftenmisleadspeoplebygivingfalseresults.Whatisauthor'sattitudetowardshomebloodtests?A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Doubtful.D.Objective.【31~34题答案】【答案】31.D32.A33.A34.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了家庭血液检测系统的利弊。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“ThecompanyCoralreadysellsasystemforhomebloodtesting.Youstickyourarmusingasupposedlypainless,throwaway,blood-drawingcartridgesaboutthesizeofalipstick.Thenyoustickthecartridgeintoadevicethatlookslikethebaseforanelectrictoothbrush.Afewminuteslater,anapponyourphonebuzzeswithupdatedinformation,includingyourcurrenthealthstateandtipsonwhattoeatandhowtoexerciseduringtheday.（Cor公司己经在销售一种家庭血液检测系统。你用一支口红大小的抽血筒插入手臂，这种抽血筒应该是无痛的，一次性的。然后你把墨盒插入一个看起来像电动牙刷底座的装置中。几分钟后，你手机上的一个应用程序就会为你提供更新的信息，包括你当前的健康状况，以及关于白天吃什么和如何锻炼的提示。户可知，文章第二段主要讲述了家庭血液检测系统是如何工作的。故选D。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Plus,theresultsofahomebloodtestmightbewrong.It'shardtogetaccurateresultsfromatinyamountofblood.（另外，家庭血检的结果可能是错误的。从少量血液中很难得到准确的结果。户可知，一些人怀疑定期的家庭血液检测，主要是因为它可能会给人们提供误导信息。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句"Butinthefuture,thatmightchange.（但在未来，这种情况可能会改变。）“和文章第二段“ThecompanyCoralreadysellsasystemforhomebloodtcsting.（Cor公司已经在销售一种家庭血液检测系统。户可推知，将来可以每天在家验血。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段"It'struethatbloodcontainsawealthofinformationaboutaperson'shealth.Specifictestcanrevealifapersonisinfectedwithadiseaseoratriskforavarietyofproblems,includingaheartattackorastroke/的确，血液中含有关于一个人健康的丰富信息。特定的测试可以揭示一个人是否感染了某种疾病，或者是否存在各种问题的风险，包括心脏病发作或中风。）“可知，作者认为验血能够揭示一些疾病；根据文章第五段“Butnoteveryoneisconvincedthatregularbloodtestingforhealthypeopleisagreatidea.（但并不是每个人都相信对健康人进行定期血液检测是个好主意。户和文章第六段“Phis,theresultsofahomebloodtestmightbewrong.（另外，家庭血检的结果可能是错误的。）“可知，作者又提出了家庭验血的不利之处。由此可知，作者对家庭血检持客观态度。故选D,第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。WakingUpanHourEarlierCanHelpFightDepressionAdequate（充足的）sleepisessentialformaintaininggoodphysicalandmentalhealth.Now.newresearchhasrevealedthatgoodhealthalsodependsonsleepschedules.Infact,wakingupanhourearlierisgenerallyfoundtohelppreventorfightagainstmajordepression.ThisdiscoverywasmadeinastudyconductedbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofColoradoin2021.Theyfoundthatwakingupanhourearlierhelpspeoplewhousuallygeluplaterimprovetheirmood.35Thisresearchaddstoothersimilarstudieswhichsuggestedthatearlyriserstendtobehealthier.Atthesametime,thefactthatwakingupanhourearlierimprovesthemoodisassociatedwithenjoyingmorehoursofsunshinetoalargeextent.Thestudystartedfromtheassumptionthatifpeoplegotobedanhourearlier,they'llalsowakeupanhourearlier.Basedonthisidea,theresearcherscametotheconclusionthatifpeoplewhogotobedat3am.decidetogotobedat2am,theirriskofsufferingfromdepressionisreducedby23percent.36LoveAlone.LaterherpartinthefilmMulhollandDriveshowedherstrongactingability,andearned13(she)muchrespect.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。Onewaytoimproveyourlearningisthroughcriticalthinking,14isanecessaryskill.Theeasiestway15(learn)tothinkcriticallyistoforceyourselftoquestioneverything.IstillrememberwhenIwasatuniversity,myclassmatesandI16(encourage)tochallengeeachotherandourprofessors.Itcouldbeverychallenging,butitwasawayofdevelopingcriticalthinking.Sotrytodevelopyourpowerofcriticalthinking.Anddon'tbelieveeverythingyoureadorsee.Thinkforyourself.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写I个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。Someanimalspecies17(develop)amazinglycomplicatedwaysofcommunicatingwithoneanothersincetheyappearedontheplanet.Buttherearehugedifferences18thewaysanimalscommunicateandthewayshumanbeingsdo.Whenanimalsmakeasound,suchasabarkoracall,itisreactionto19ishappeningaroundthem.Analarmcallmeanstheyare20(frighten).Ahungercallmeanstheywantfood.Animals,though,cannotmakeacallmeaning“Iwasscaredyesterday."or"I'llbehungrytomorrow."Onlyhumanbeingsarccapableofdoingthis.第二部分、阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题：每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAlthoughapopularchoiceforheatingourhomes,gasboilersarcfilledwithproblems.Lackofroom-by-roomcontrolmeansyoucouldbeleftcoldandunhappy,meanwhilepossiblypollutingtheenvironmentwithharmfulgases.Theinefficiencyofgasheaterscouldalsocostyouhundredsofpoundsinrepairs.TheFutureisElectricTheFischerEBisanelectricboilerthathasbeenbuiltwith(hefutureinmind.Withnoneedforoutsidewatertanks,theFischerEBisamodernandefficientheatingsolutiontoreplaceyouroutdatedheating.Madefromaspecialsteel,FischerEBisbuilttolastandsimpletooperate.Andwithnoadditionalneedforservicing,youcanenjoypeaceofmindknowingthereisnoriskofyourboilerbreakingdown.CompleteControlFischerEBcomeswithawirelessthermostat('恒温计)thathasbeendesignedforeasyandsimpleuse.ProgramyourFischerEBboilertomakesureyouaregettingtherighttemperaturewhenyouneedit.Nowastedheat,nowastedenergyandnomorefearwhentheweathertakesaturnfortheworse.AtthetouchofabuttonyouwillexperiencethewarmthandcomfortofFischerEB.MakeadifferencetotheenvironmentFischerElectricBoilersrunonlyonelectricity,meaningifyouaresuppliedwithrenewableenergyyoucanheatyourhomewithoutworryingaboutanyharmfulgasesorpollutants.Installation(安装)isea