【英语】2019四中初三英语一模

下载后可编辑可打印广州四中集团2018学年第二学期初三级一模测试英语试题.语法选择Womenarefriendly.Butmenaremorecompetitive.Why?Researchers(1)it'salldowntothehormoneoxytocin(荷尔蒙催生素).Althoughknownasthelovehormone,(2)itdifferentlyaffectsthesexes."Womenareoftensocialin(3)behavior.Theyoftensharewithothers.Butmenareoftencompetitive.Theyaretrying(4)theirsocialstatus,"saidProfessorRyan.Generally,peoplebelievethatthehormoneoxytocinisletoutinourbodyinvarioussocialsituationsandourbodycreates(5)itduringpositivesocialinteractions互动)suchasfallinginloveorgivingbirth.Butin(6)formerexperimentProfessorRyanhasfoundthatthehormoneis(7)letoutinourbodyduringnegativesocialinteractionssuchasenvy.(8)researchshowsthatinmenthehormoneoxytocinimprovestheabilitytorecognizecompetitiverelationships,butinwomenitraisestheabilitytorecognizefriendship.ProfessorRyan'srecentexperimentused62menandwomen(9)20to37.Halfofthemreceivedoxytocin.(10)halfreceivedplacebo(安慰剂).Afteraweek,thetwogroupsreceivedtheopposite.Theywentthroughthesameprocesswiththeothermaterial.Followingeachtreatment,theywereshownsomevideopictureswithdifferentsocialinteractions.Thenthey(11)toexaminetherelationshipsbyansweringsomequestions.Thequestionswereabouttellingfriendship(12)competition.Andtheiranswersshouldbebasedongestures,bodylanguageandfacialexpressions.Theresultsshowedthat,aftertreatmentwithoxytocin,(13)abilitytorecognizecompetitiverelationshipsimproved,butinwomenitwastheabilitytocorrectlyrecognizefriendshipthatgotbetter.ProfessorRyanthusconcluded:"Ourexperimentprovesthatthehormoneoxytocin(14)raisepeople'sabilitytorecognizedifferentsocialinteractions.Andthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomenarecausedbybiologicalinfluences(15)aremainlyhormonal."C.hasfound D.finds(1)A.havefound B.foundC.hasfound D.finds(2)A.butB./C.howeverD.so(2)A.butB./C.howeverD.so下载后可编辑可打印(3)A.theirsB.themC.theirD.they(4)A.improveB.improvedC.improvingD.toimprove(5)A.thenumberofB.alargenumberofC.alargeamountofD.theamountof(6)A.aB.anC.withD./(7)A.aswellB.tooC.eitherD.also(8)A.FurtherB.FartherC.farD.farer(9)A.ageB.ageC.agesD.aged(10)A.theotherB.otherC.anotherD.theothers(11)A.askedB.askC.hasaskedD.wereasked(12)A.toB.aboutC.ofD.from(13)A.menB.manC.men,sD.man,s(14)A.mustB.canC.shouldD.oughtto(15)A.whatB.whoC.howD.that【知识点】语法选择【参考答案】(1)A;(2)B;(3)C;(4)D;(5)C;(6)A;(7)D;(8)A;(9)D;(10)A;(11)D;(12)D;(13)C;(14)B;(15)D【难度】难.完形填空Onceuponatimethecolorsoftheworldstartedtoquarrel.Greensaid,"ClearlyIamthemostimportant.Iamthesignoflifeandhope.Iwaschosenforgrass,treesandleaves.Withoutme,allanimalswoulddie."Blueinterrupted,"Youonlythinkabouttheearth,butconsidertheskyandtheseaItisthewaterthatisthebasisoflifeanddrawnupbythecloudsfromthedeepsea.Withoutmypeace,youwouldallbe(1)."Yellowchuckled,"Youareallsoserious.Ibringlaughter,fun,and(2)intotheworld."Orangestartednexttoblowhertrumpet,"Iamthecolorofhealthandstrength.Imaybescare,butIampreciousforIservetheneedsofhumanlife.WhenIfillthesky(3),mybeauty

下载后可编辑可打印issostrikingthatnoonegivesanother(4)toanyofyou."Redcouldstanditnolongerandheshoutedout,"Iamtherulerofallofyou.Iamthecolorofdangerandofbravery.Iamwillingto(5)truth.Iamalsothecolorofpassionandoflove."ThencamePurpleandIndigo.Thecolorswentonboasting,eachconvincedofhisorherownsuperiority.Theirquarrelingbecamelouderandlouder.Suddenlytherewasastartlingflashofbrightlighteningthunder.Rainstartedtopourdown(6).Thecolorscroucheddown(7),drawingclosetooneanotherforcomfort.Inthemidstoftheclamor,rainbegantospeak,"Youfoolishcolors,fightingamongyourselves,eachtryingtodominatetherest.Don'tyouknowthatyouwereeachmadeforaspecialpurpose,(8)?Joinhandswithoneanotherandcometome."Doingastheyweretold,thecolors(9)rainbow.Fromthenon,wheneveragoodrainsky.Theyremembertoappreciateoneanother..A.something B.anything.A.warmth B.sadnessDoingastheyweretold,thecolors(9)rainbow.Fromthenon,wheneveragoodrainsky.Theyremembertoappreciateoneanother..A.something B.anything.A.warmth B.sadness.A.atmidnightC.atsunriseorsunset.A.gift B.honor.A.turnto B.fightfor.A.gently B.quietly.A.withcare B.infear.A.equalandsimpleC.ordinaryandsimilar.A.combined B.separated.A.cleans B.washes【知识点】完形填空andjoinedhands.Theyformedacolorful(10) theworld,arainbowappearsintheC.nothing D.everythingC.depression D.anxietyatnoonoratnightD.duringthedayC.thoughtC.strugglewithC.violentlybychancemoreorlessD.uniqueanddifferentC.united D.dividedbrightens D.dampensD.respectbendoverD.peacefullyD.onpurpose【参考答案】(1)C;(2)A;(3)B;(4)C;(5)B;(6)C;(7)B;(8)D;(9)C;(10)B;【难度】难下载后可编辑可打印.阅读理解(A)Onceuponatimetherewasaprecioussword.Now,thisswordbelongedtoagreatKing,andforaslongasanyonecouldremember,theKingspentallhistimeinhisplace,enjoyingitsshowsandcompetitionswithotherswords.OnedayagreatdisputearousebetweenthisKingandtheKingofaneighboruringcountry.Itendedwithbothdeclaringwar.Theswordwasgreatlyexcitedattheprospectoftakingpartinitsfirstrealbattle.Itwouldshoweveryonehowtrulybraveandspecialitwas,andwouldbecomewell-knownthroughoutthekingdom.Onthewaytothefrontline,theswordimagineditselfthewinnerofmanybattles.However,whenitarrived,thefirstbattlehadalreadybrokenout,andtheswordgottoseetheresultsofthewar.Whatitsawhadnothingincommonwithwhattheswordhadimagined.Noelegantshiningknights,successful,withtheirweaponsshininginthesunlight.Instead,alltheswordsawwasbrokenweapons,andalargecrowdofhungryandthirstymen.Therewashardlyanyfoodleft.Everythingwascoveredindirtanddisgustingsmell.Manywerehalfdeadandscatteredontheground,bleedingfrommultiplewounds.Seeingthis,theswordrealizeditlikedneitherwarsnorbattles.Itdecideditpreferredtoliveinpeaceandspenditstimetakingpartintournamentsandcompetitions.So,onthenightbeforewhatwasgoingtobethebigfinalbattle,theswordtriedtofindawaytopreventitfromtakingplace.Afterawhile,theswordstartedtovibrate.Firstitgaveoutalowbuzz,andthenthisgraduallygotlouder,untilitbecameanannoyingmetallicnoise.TheswordsandarmourofthesoldiersaskedtheKing,sswordwhatitwasdoing.Ittoldthem,“Idon,twanttheretobeabattletomorrow.Idon,tlikewar.”Oneanswered,“Noonelikesit,butwhatcanwedo?”“Makeyourselfvibrate,justlikewhatI,mdoing,”saidtheKing,ssword.“Ifwemakeenoughnoise,noonewillsleep.”Sotheweaponsstartedvibrating,andthenoisebecamedeafening.Itwassoloudthatitreachedtheenemycamp,andtheweaponsthere,whichwereequallysickofwar,joinedtheprotest.Thenextmorning,whenthebattleshouldhavebegun,notasinglesoldierwasreadytofight.Noonehadmanagedtogetevenawinkofsleep,noteventheKingortheGenerals.Sotheyspentthewholedaycatchinguponsleep.Duringtheeveningtheystartedtowakeup,anddecidedtoputoffthebattleuntilthenextday.下载后可编辑可打印However,theweapons,ledbytheKing,ssword,spentthenightrepeatingtheirpeacesong,andagainnosoldiercouldrest.Thebattlehadtobepostponedyetagain,andthiscarriedonforthenextsevendays.Ontheeveningoftheseventhday,theKingsofthetwoarmiesmettoseewhattheycoulddoaboutthesituation.Bothwereveryangryattheirpreviousdisputes,butafterbeingtogetherforawhiletheystartedtodiscusstheirsleeplessnights,thesurpriseontheirsoldiers,faces,theconfusionbetweendayandnight,andtheamusingsituationsallthishadcreated.Itwasn,tlongbeforebothwerelaughing,likefriends,attheselittlestories.Fortunately,theyforgottheirolddisputesandtheyputanendtothewar,eachreturningtotheirownlandwiththedoublejoy..Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat.A.thegreatKingwasfondofhispreciousswordB.adisagreementledtoawarbetweenKingsC.thetwoKingswereoncegoodfriendsbeforethewarD.thepreciousswordwasusedtoentertainthegreatKing.Whatisthebestwordtodescribethemoodoftheswordwhenitheardaboutthewar?A.WorriedB.FearfulC.EagerD.peaceful.Whendidtheswordchangeitsattitudetowar?A.WhenitfoughtatthefirstbattleB.AfteritrealizedthatitwasnotpowerfulC.WhenitwasonthewaytothefrontlineD.Afteritsawtheterribleresultsofthefirstbattle.Whatistherightorderofthefollowingevents?ThenoisewasloudenoughtoreachtheothersideThebattlehadtobepostponedbecausethesoldiersinbotharmieslackedsleep.ItletoutcontinuouslownoiseItpersuadedotherswordstojoinin.AlltheweaponsinbothsideconfuseddaywithnightA.a,b,c,d,eB.c,a,b,e,dC.c,d,a,e,bD.d,b,a,e,c.Whatdotheunderlinedwordsinthelastparagraphreferto?下载后可编辑可打印A.BothKing,ssleeplessnightsB.TheendofwarandbeingfriendsC.Thesurpriseonthesoldiers,facesD.Theconfusionofdaywithnight【知识点】社会历史类(阅读理解)【参考答案】(1)D;(2)C;(3)D;(4)C;(5)B;【难度】难.阅读理解(B)Soyouthoughtthehamburgerwastheworld,smostpopularfastfood?Afterall,McDonald'sGoldenArchesspantheglobe.Butno,thereisanothertrulyuniversalfastfood,theultimatefastfood.It,seasytomake,easytoserve,muchmorevariedthanthehamburger,canbeeatenwiththehands,andit,sdeliveredtoyourfrontdoororservedinfancyrestaurants.It,sbeenoneofAmerica'sfavouritefoodsforover50years.Itis,ofcourse,thepizza.It'skindofsillytotalkaboutthemomentwhenpizzawas“invented”.Itchangedovertheyears,butonething,sforcertain—it,sbeenaroundforaverylongtime.Theideaofusingpiecesofflat,roundbreadasplatescamefromtheGreeks.Theycalledthem'plakuntos,andatethemwithvarioussimpletoppingssuchasoil,garlic,onions,andherbs.TheRomansenjoyedeatingsomethingsimilarandcalledit'picea,.Byabout1000ADinthecityofNaples,‘picea7hadbecome‘pizza7andpeoplewereexperimentingwithmoretoppings:cheese,ham,anchovies,andfinallythetomato,broughttoItalyfromMexicoandPeruinthesixteenthcentury.Naplesbecamethepizzacapitaloftheworld.In1889,KingUmbertoDandQueenMargheritaheardaboutpizzaandaskedtotryit.Theyinvitedpizzamaker,RaffeleEsposito,tomakeitforthem.HedecidedtomakethepizzaliketheItalianflag,soheusedredtomatoes,whitemozzarellacheese,andgreenbasilleaves.TheQueenloveditandthenewpizzawasnamed‘PizzaMargherita7inherhonour.PizzamigratedtoAmericawiththeItaliansattheendofthenineteenthcentury.ThefirstpizzeriaintheUnitedStateswasopenedin1905at53SpringStreet,NewYorkCity,byGennaroLombardi.ButthepopularityofpizzareallyexplodedwhenAmericansoldiersreturnedfromItalyafterWorldWarDandravedabout'thatgreatItaliandish7.Americansarenowthegreatestproducersandconsumersofpizzaintheworld.

下载后可编辑可打印.Whichisthecorrectorderofthechangeofpizza?A.Plakuntos—pizza—picea B.Pizza—plakuntos—piceaC.Picea—Plakuntos—pizza D.Plakuntos—picea—pizza.WhyareMexicoandPeruimportantinthedevelopmentofpizza?Becausepizzafirstbecamepopularinthesecountries.Becausepizzawasinventedinthesecountries.BecauseonetoppingwasbroughttoItalyfromthesecountries.Becausethepeopleinthesecountriesarethegreatestconsumersofpizza..WhatdotheItalianflagandaPizzaMargheritahaveincommon?ThereisapictureofaPizzaMargheritaontheflag.Theyhavethesamecolours.BothofthemrepresentItaly.TheyarebothpopularinItaly..WhendidpizzabecomereallypopularintheUnitedStates?A.After1945. B.In1889.(5).Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.McDonald,sandPizza.C.PizzaintheUnitedStates.【知识点】政治经济类(阅读理解)A.After1945. B.In1889.(5).Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.McDonald,sandPizza.C.PizzaintheUnitedStates.【知识点】政治经济类(阅读理解)【参考答案】(1)D;(2)C;(3)B;(4)A;(5)B;C.In1905.B.GlobalPizza.D.By1000ADD.HowtoMakePizza.【难度】中.阅读理解(C)EveryoneknowsthattheFrenchareromantic,theItalianarefashionableandtheGermansareserious.Ordothey?Arethesejuststereotypesoristherereallysuchathingasnationalcharacter?Andifthereis,canitaffecthowanationsucceedorfail?Atleastonegroupofpeopleiscertainthati,tcan.Arecentsurveyofthetop500entrepreneurs(实业家)intheUKfoundthat70percentfeltthattheireffortswerenotappreciatedbytheBritishpublic.Britainishostiletosuccess,theysaid.Ithasacultureofjealousy.Asaresult,thesurveysaid,下载后可编辑可打印entrepreneurswere“unloved,unwantedandmisunderstood”.Jealousyissometimesknownasthe“green-eyedmonster”andtheUKisitshome.ScientistsatWarwichUniversityintheUKrecentlytestedthisidea.Theygatheredagroupofpeopletogetherandgaveeachanimaginaryamountofmoney.Someweregivenalittle,othersagreatdeal.Thosegivenalittlemoneyweregiventhechancetodestroythelargeamountsofmoneygiventoothers—butatthecostoflosingtheirown.Twothirdsofthepeopletestedagreedtodothis.Thisseemstoprovetheentrepreneurswererighttocomplain.Butthereisalsoconflictingevidence.TheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)recentlyreportedthattheUKwasnowtheworld,sfourthlargesteconomy.Thatisnotbadforpeoplewhoaresupposedtohatesuccess.PeopleintheUKalsoworklongerhoursthananyoneelseinEurope.SotheBritishpeoplearenotlazy,either.“It,snotreallysuccessthattheBritishdislike,”saysCareyCooper,aProfessorofmanagementattheUniversityofManchesterInstituteofScienceandTechnology.“It,speopleusingtheirsuccessinawaythatseemsarrogantorunfairorwhichseparatesthemfromtheirroots.”Perhapsitistheentrepreneurswhoaretheproblem.Theysetouttodothingsintheirway.Theyworklonghours.Bytheirowneffortstheybecomemillionaires.Butinsteadofbeinghappytheycomplainthatnobodylovesthem.Ithardlyseemsworthfollowingtheirexample.Iftheyweremorefriendly,peoplewouldlikethemmore.Andmorepeoplewanttobelikethem..Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A.Onegroupofpeople B.AgreatsurveyC.Nationalcharacter D.Anation.MostentrepreneurssurveyedbelievethattheyarenotpopularsimplybecausetheyaresuccessfultheBritishpublicarehardworkingloveofsuccessisBritain,snationalcharactertheyareconsideredas“green-eyedmonsters”.WhatdoestheresultoftheWarwichUniversitytestshow?Twothirdsofthepeopletesteddidn,tlovemoneyMostpeoplewouldratherfailthanseeotherssucceedAnimaginaryamountofmoneydoesnotattractpeople下载后可编辑可打印Mostpeoplearewillingtoenjoysuccesswithothers.Thewriterofthepassageseemstosuggestthat .JealousyisBritain,snationalcharacterBritishentrepreneursarenotfairlytreatedthescientistsareWarwichUniversitydidasuccessfultesttheBritishdisliketheentrepreneursbecausetheydonotbehaveproperly.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?EveryoneknowsthattheFrenchareromantic,theGermansarefashionableandtheItaliansareserious.About350entrepreneursintheUKfeltthattheireffortswerenotappreciatedbytheBritishpublic.C.TheBritishpeoplearenotlazyandtheyworklongerhoursthananyoneelseintheworld.D.CareyCoopersaidthattheBritishreallydislikesuccess.【知识点】社会现象类(阅读理解)【参考答案】(1)C;(2)A;(3)B;(4)D;(5)B;【难度】难.阅读理解(D)EnjoyamuseumvisitwithyourclassAvailablePrograms：ArtTellsaStory:Bylookingatthesubjectmatterandbydrawingfrompersonalexperiences,studentscanfindthestoryinsomeworksofart.(Allgrades)LearningtoLook:Aninteractivetourthatexploresavarietyofartusingstorytellingmovements,music,games,andothertechniqueshelpsintroducechildrentoamuseum.(Preschool~Grade3)NativeAmericanCollection:Thisprogramexploresrelationshipsthatexistbetweenart,culture,thegeographiclocationandnaturalresources.StudentswillseeabowlmadebyMariaMartinezaTowastorytelleraNorthwestcoastmask,andInuitclothing.(ForGrades2~5)下载后可编辑可打印TheLanguageofArt:ClassesarewelcomedintothemuseumtotakepartinaninteractivetourofAmericanArt.Itgivesparticipantsanewsetofvocabularywhilehelpingthemfeelcomfortable.Art-on-the-Move:Teachersmayborrowsuitcasesfilledwithartobjects.FreeorganizationswithEducationMembership.PlanningYourVisit：Booking:Bookingisnecessaryforalltoursandprogram.Pleasebookatleastaweekinadvance.Teachersareencouragedtoorganizeself-guidedvisitsfortheirclassesduringpublichours.TourHours:Tourscanbeorganizedbetween9：30a.m.and5：00p.m.onweekdays.ProgramFees:ToursarefreeforthosewithEducationMembership.Thereisachargeof£6perstudentofnonmemberorganizations.Tourwithartactivitiescost12perstudent(non-members)or£10perstudent(members).Chaperones(保护人):Werequireoneadultchaperoneforevery10children.Chaperoneshelptomakeyourmuseumvisitasuccess.Achaperonemustpay£5admission.Lunch:Weregretthatnolunchfacilitiesareavailableatthemuseum.MuseumRules:Don'ttouchworksofart.Don'ttakephotographs.Askquestions.Look,andthenLOOKagain!Enjoy!.Ifteacherswanttheirstudentstolearnaboutwhatamuseumis,theywillchooseA.ArtTellsaStory. B.LearningtoLook.C.TheLanguageofArt.D.NativeAmericanCollection.10下载后可编辑可打印.Whydoesthemuseumfeelsorry?Takingphotosisnotallowedatthemuseum.Visitorscan,ttouchworksofartatthemuseum.Visitorsarenotabletohavelunchatthemuseum.Visitorscan,ttakepartinalltheactivitiesatatime..Howmuchshouldthemuseumchargeaclassof60studentswithEducationMembershipforatourwithartactivities?A.$600, B.$630, C.$720, D.$750..Whatdoteachersneedtodobeforeleadingtheirclassestothemuseum?Tomakebookingsaheadoftime,TotrytogetEducationMembership,Tolearnaboutthehistoryofthemuseum,Toaskforthepermissionofself-guidedvisits..Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperdoesthepassagemostprobablyappear?A.Health.B.News.C.Culture.D.Advertisement.【知识点】社会现象类(阅读理解)【参考答案】(1)B;(2)C;(3)B;(4)A;(5)D;【难度】难.阅读填空Everyboyandeverygirlexpectstheirparentstogivethemmorepocketmoney.Whydotheirparentsjustgivethemacertainamount?(1)Theamountofmoneythatparentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywishdiffersfromfamilytofamily.(2)Somechildrengetweeklypocketmoney.Othersgetmonthlypocketmoney.Firstofall,childrenareexpectedtomakeachoicebetweenspendingandsaving.Thenparentsshouldmakethechildrenunderstandwhatisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney.Atfirst,someyoungchildrenmayspendallofthemoneysoonaftertheyreceiveit.Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilitistherighttime.(3)Inordertoencouragetheirchildrentodosomehousework,someparentsgivepocketmoney11下载后可编辑可打印ifthechildrenhelparoundthehome.Someexpertsthinkitnotwisetopaythechildrenfordoingthat.(4)Pocketmoneycangivechildrenachancetoexperiencethethreethingstheycandowiththemoney.Theycanspenditbygivingittoagoodcause.Theycanspenditbybuyingthingstheywan_(5).Savinghelpschildrenunderstandthatcostlygoalsrequiresacrifice.Savingcanalsoopenthedoortofuturesavingandinvestingforchildren.A.Theycansaveitforfuturuse..Timingisanotherconsideration.C.Ashelpingathomeisanormalpartoffamilylife.D.Onepurposeistoletkidslearnhowtomanagetheirownmoney.E.Bydoingso,thesechildrenwilllearnthatspendingmustbedonewithabudget.【知识点】阅读填空(五选五)【参考答案】(1)D;(2)B;(3)E;(4)C;(5)A;【难度】中.单词拼写(共6小题，每小题1分，满分6分)Don,ttalkroundthequestion,comestothepoint.Thenursewasverykindtotheboyatfirst,butfinally,pgaveoutandshelosthertemper.Parentsshouldtrytocreateafriendlyaintheirfamily,whichhelpstheirchildrendevelopself-confidenceatanearlyage.Theseproblemsaredifferentfromeachother,sotheyshouldbedealtwiths.Somestepshavebeentakentoprotecttheforestfrombeingd.Privatecarsarerequiredtotaketurnsoffroadsoneoutoffivewee