中考英语二轮复习完形填空专讲专练

2019年中考英语完形填空专讲专练ThePowerofStory掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。掌握完形填空的解题技巧，并可以指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。经过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的累积，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，灵巧应付各样完形填空题。知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在英语学习的过程中，语料的累积至关重要。关于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理，可以为我们此后的学习和提高打下优秀的基础。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你掌握了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量贮备,以教师发问的形式进行。详尽使用中可以删去词义词性部分，给小例句提示。并标志出学生的实质掌握状况（优—良—差）】单词词性及词义示例备注掌握状况powern.1)影响力2)权ThePowerofStory有关词：powerful力3)力量Thecarispoweredbyv.驱动engine.disappearv.消逝；不见mydogGracie有关词：appeardisappearedsixyears“dis-”表否认ago.的前缀believev.相信；以为IreallylearnedwhatI有关词：beliefbelieve.searchv.搜寻Wesearchedthe1neighborhoodforhourslostadj.1)迷路的2)Ifeltsolostaftermy抛弃的dogislost.3)茫然无措的patientlyadv.耐心的有关词：patient;patienceendlesslyadv.无止境地；不Searchendlessly有关词：endless断地faithn.相信；信心；信ItoldherlosingGracie有关词：faithful仰waslikelosingfaithineverything.adventuren.冒险imaginev.想象Sheimaginedwalking有关词：intoaforestandimaginationenjoyingthefreshair.waitv.等候supportv./n.1)支持2)养Hehasabigfamilyto有关词：活3)支撑support.supportermovedadj.感人的有关词：movingreasonableadj.合理的；公正有关词：reason的unreasonableordern.1)序次2)命令Theofficerordered3)订单v.1)命令themtofire.2)订购,点菜remindv.提示；使想起HeremindedherofSantaClaus.suggestv.1)建议2)表Isuggestthatwegoout有关词：明;表示toeat.suggestion;Alltheevidenceadvice;advise;suggeststhathestolethemoney.lastingadj.长久的lastingfriendships有关词：last2putup1)张贴2)搭建Weputup3)提高advertisements.lookup1)+sb拜见Ilookeditupinthe2)+sth查阅dictionary.3)+tosb敬爱buildup1)创立2)加强setup1)建起2)安装好3)创立makeup1)组成2)假造3)铺床4)填补giveup放弃dealwith办理；解决有关词：dowith;holdonto抓紧holdsth.使保持团结It’swhatholdsourtogetherlifetogether.二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型贮备,以教师发问的形式进行。可以依据提示分析句子构造达成句子翻译。】1.WhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsago,IreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.构造分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有when指引的时间状语从句，表示“当时候”和what指引的宾语从句。句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________当我的小狗Gracie六年前失散后，我真实学到我所相信的。仿句练习：念书的时候，你最好记录下你以为对你有帮助的内容。Whenyoureadabook,you’dbetterwritedownwhatyouthinkishelpfultoyou.___________________________________________________________________________________________2.bydark,wereturnedhome,exhausted(精疲力竭).3构造分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有“形容词exhausted”做主语补语的构造，表示主语的状态。句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________天黑时，我们精疲力竭地回家了。仿句练习：天黑时，我们又累又饿地回到家里。Bydark,wereturnedhome,tiredandhungry.___________________________________________________________________________________________3.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome,Iwouldbe______(33)yetrelieved(放心的).构造分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有if指引的条件状语从句，表示假如；本句中的“yet”表示转折，意为“可是”。句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________假如我知道她有了一个好去向，我会____可是会放心些。仿句练习：假如我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界。Ifwepaymuchattentiontotheearth,we'llhaveabetterworld.___________________________________________________________________________________________4.Asonewritersaid,all(that)wehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.构造分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有1.“as指引的非限制性定语从句”意为“正如”；2.省略that的定语从句4“(that)wehave”修饰all；3.what指引的表语从句。句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________正如一位作家所说，我们所拥有的全部都是故事。它使我们的生活凝集到一同。仿句练习：尽人皆知，那些做一般简单工作的人也在为社会的发展做贡献。Asweallknow,thosewhodosimpleandordinaryjobsarealsomakingacontributiontothedevelopmentofthesociety.___________________________________________________________________________________________5.Whynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfside?构造分析：_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有1.“whynot”构造，表示“为何不呢？”；2.that指引的宾语从句句子翻译：_________________________________________________________________________________为何不想象此刻她正在冒险研究她狼的那一面呢？仿句练习：为何不加入我们呢？Whynotjoinus?___________________________________________________________________________________________方法篇“方法适合,事半功倍。”只有语料的累积，没有好方法的协助也是不够的。关于完形填空解题方法的梳理，可以帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料累积的基础上，可以帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你掌握了多少？5一、完形填空解题步骤第一通读全文，掌握脉络跳过空格，速读全文，掌握粗心。注意文中的语篇要点词，步和句中的连词，如but出现后就说明句子重申的要点是but后边的内容；再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或许不可数名词。找到要点词可以帮助我们掌握文章的大体意思及其想要传达的寓意。第二前怕狼后怕虎，上下求索联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，步抓住文章中的上下文线索词。【详尽的解题策略会在下一部分详尽描绘】第三再读文章，核查答案代入答案，再读全文，频频检查，争取做到：步构造正确+语义畅达+逻辑合理。二、完形填空解题策略方法方法一：词汇复现法解说“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如protect和protection)、同义词/近义词(如road和trail)、反义词(如wrong和correct)、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包括的个体或种类。如adult是myfather的上义词；coat是clothes的下义词)等重复出此刻语篇之中。例题例1：Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers.Becauseofhis___________,heisquitepopularwiththepeoplearoundhim.A.abilityB.honestyC.relationshipD.kindness【分析：经过上文“Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers”，由“kind”可知由于他的“平和朋好”他很受欢迎。应选D。】2：Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime.Inotherwords,heismoreandmore_________.A.forgetfulB.unforgettableC.easy-goingD.hard-working【分析：经过上文“Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime”，由“forget”可知他愈来愈“健忘”。应选A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“难忘的”。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法解说“上下文推理法”是指依据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适合的推理判断，所以需要点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。6例题例：Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__17__thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.17.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later【分析：经过上文“eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS”和下文“Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.”可知美国每节课是50分钟，中国每节课是40分钟，依据上下文可以推测出美国的课时比中国的长，应选B。】方法方法三：逻辑推理法解说“逻辑推理法”是依据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、退步、转折、时间序次、目的、条件、选择等）进行适合的推理判断，所以需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折，so表因果，firstofall、then和finally表序次等）。例题例1：MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOperaverymuch,buthecan’tsing6.6.A.badlyB.easilyC.wellD.excitedly【分析：经过上文“MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOpera”和连词“but”，可以推测出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜爱但唱得不好”，应选C。】方法方法四：文化背景知识法解说“文化背景知识法”是指完形填空的文章内容经常与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等有关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活知识，答题时要充分调换有关知识帮助我们分析、推测。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推测”经常交织在一同的，由于虽有背景知识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差别性，不可以老是用中国人看问题的角度来对待其余国家发生的事情。例题例：Therearemanykindsofanimalsintheworld.Elephantsarethe1animalsthatliveonland.Onlysomekindsofwhales(鲸鱼)arebiggerthanelephants,buttheyliveinthe2.1.A.biggestB.smallestC.smallerD.bigger2.A.riverB.lakeC.seaD.forest【分析：第1题，尽人皆知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，应选A.biggest。7第2题，尽人皆知：鲸鱼生活在海洋里，应选C.sea。】方法方法五：固定搭配法解说完形填空以语境察看为主，但也有小部分题目察看语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要联合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题例1：Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattention13whatheorsheisspeaking13.A.forB.ofC.withD.to【分析：察看固定短语“payattentionto注意”，应选D。】例2：butwewererelaxedwhenwewerelyingonthebeach.We10somephotosthere.10.A.gotB.broughtC.boughtD.took【分析：察看固定短语“takephotos摄影”，应选D。】阻拦阅读8【依据完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在阻拦阅读的前提下意会文章的主要意思，防备学生理解跑偏】（西城二模）ThePowerofStoryWhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsago,IreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.Gracieescapedfromourbackyardaround2:00p.m.Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhoursbuthadno______(31).Weputupadvertisements,andbydark,wereturnedhome,exhausted(精疲力竭).Onthesecondday,Icalledmyanimaldoctor,theSPCA,andtheanimalshelter(收留所).Nothing.Ifeltlost.IfIknewGraciehadbeen______(32),Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.IfIknewshewascaughtsomewhere,Iwouldsaveher.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome,Iwouldbe______(33)yetrelieved(放心的).ButhowdoIdealwiththeunknown?Waitpatiently?Searchendlessly?Giveup?Thethirdday,whileIwassearchinginthewoodswithmyfriendRhea,ItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaith(相信)ineverything.Rheasmiledandsaid,“Youknow,maybeGracie’sonagreatadventure.”Itseems______(34),butIfeltbetterthen.Rhea’swords______(35)mewhat,asawriter,Isurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.Asonewritersaid,allwehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.Wecallstoriesscience,somestoriesmyth(神话),butimaginehearingforthefirsttimethattheworldmayberound.Suchstoriesonlybecomerealwhenwe______(36)them.Andsomestoriesareneversupportedwithscientificfacts,buttheystillseemtoholdtrue.Forexample,tenyearsearlier,I’ddreamtthatIshouldgeta______(37),andbythatevening,Graciecameintomylife.Whenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewas,IwouldsayMuppetwolfterrier(小猎狗).ItwassomethingI______(38)becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.Sowhynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfside?Thefourthdaystartedwithmefindinga______(39)onthesidewalk,I’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.AndIwassureGraciewouldcomehomeonthefifthday.Iguessitwasanotherstorytoholdonto.OnDayFive,Iwasatafriend’shousewhenherphonerang.IknewimmediatelyitwasnewsaboutGracie.AndIwasright.WhenIfinallysawherinmyhallway,Icried.“Mywolfdaysare______(40).”Gracieseemedtosay.“I’mbacktobeing9adog”.OrsoisthestoryIchoosetobelieve.文章粗心为（只给出要点词即可）________________________________________________________________参照要点词：thepowerofstory;dog;disappear;havefaithin;story;better参照答案：whenhisdogdisappearedsixyearsago,thewriterrealizedthepowerofstory.【注：程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】语篇练习话题体裁词数建议用时实质用时正确率难度人生感悟记述文44612-15分钟__/10类（西城二模）ThePowerofStoryWhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsago,IreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.Gracieescapedfromourbackyardaround2:00p.m.Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhoursbuthadno______(31).Weputupadvertisements,andbydark,wereturnedhome,exhausted(精疲力竭).Onthesecondday,Icalledmyanimaldoctor,theSPCA,andtheanimalshelter(收留所).Nothing.Ifeltlost.IfIknewGraciehadbeen______(32),Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.IfIknewshewascaughtsomewhere,Iwouldsaveher.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome,Iwouldbe______(33)yetrelieved(放心的).ButhowdoIdealwiththeunknown?10Waitpatiently?Searchendlessly?Giveup?Thethirdday,whileIwassearchinginthewoodswithmyfriendRhea,ItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaith(相信)ineverything.Rheasmiledandsaid,“Youknow,maybeGracie’sonagreatadventure.”Itseems______(34),butIfeltbetterthen.Rhea’swords______(35)mewhat,asawriter,Isurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.Asonewritersaid,allwehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.Wecallstoriesscience,somestoriesmyth(神话),butimaginehearingforthefirsttimethattheworldmayberound.Suchstoriesonlybecomerealwhenwe______(36)them.Andsomestoriesareneversupportedwithscientificfacts,buttheystillseemtoholdtrue.Forexample,tenyearsearlier,I’ddreamtthatIshouldgeta______(37),andbythatevening,Graciecameintomylife.Whenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewas,IwouldsayMuppetwolfterrier(小猎狗).ItwassomethingI______(38)becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.Sowhynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfside?Thefourthdaystartedwithmefindinga______(39)onthesidewalk,I’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.AndIwassureGraciewouldcomehomeonthefifthday.Iguessitwasanotherstorytoholdonto.OnDayFive,Iwasatafriend’shousewhenherphonerang.IknewimmediatelyitwasnewsaboutGracie.AndIwasright.WhenIfinallysawherinmyhallway,Icried.“Mywolfdaysare______(40).”Gracieseemedtosay.“I’mbacktobeingadog”.OrsoisthestoryIchoosetobelieve.31.A.luckB.reasonC.goodD.problem32.A.keptB.soldC.stolenD.killed33.A.madB.worriedC.sadD.moved34.A.rightB.strangeC.reasonableD.real35.A.orderedB.warnedC.remindedD.suggested36.A.hearB.knowC.believeD.read37.A.dogB.prizeC.storyD.house38.A.lookedupB.builtupC.setupD.madeup39.A.cardB.coinC.phoneD.book40.A.lastingB.excitingC.shortD.over11语篇精讲：参照答案：31—35ADCBC36—40CADBD文章粗心：本文作者经过表达六年前他抛弃他的小狗的经历以及心路历程，论述了故事的力量。答案分析：31.经过上文“Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhours”和转折连词“but”，可推测出他们找了许久可是没找到，havenoluck没有好运气，这里指没有找到小狗，故选A。32.经过下文“Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.”可知作者会意碎，所以可以推测出前后存在因果关系，上文的意思应当是指假如它被杀了，应选D。33.经过上文“IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome”和下文“yetrelieved(放心)”，及联合生活知识，可知比起受到不幸，小狗有个好去向是一件让人放心可是仍旧会由于它的走开而悲伤。应选C。经过转折连词“but”可知前后存在转折关系，下文表达“我感觉很多了”，上文的意思应当与其相对，只有B符合语境，应选B。35.经过下文作者回想起从前的事情可知，这些都是听了朋友的话后想起来的，应选C。36.经过前文“Isurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.”可知作者相信故事的力量，所以可以推测出这里指的是“那些故事会变为真的，当我们相信它们的时候。”，应选C。37.经过下文“Graciecameintomylife.Whenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewas,”可推测出作者梦见他有了一只狗。应选A。38.经过下文“becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.”可知“由于我相信它一半是狗，一半是狼”，可推测出那是作者假造的，应选D。39.经过下文“I’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.”可知作者是发现了钱，应选B.coin。40.经过前文“IbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.”和下文“I’mbacktobeingadog”，可推测出它作为狼的日子结束了。精讲笔录【学生在教师的指导下，回首本讲中累积的完形填空的知识和方法】语篇中累积的词汇【最少掌握10个】12单词词性及词义单词的运用（激励学生用所学词汇造句）realize语篇中的学到的方法【依据详尽讲课状况概括总结】【最少掌握2个】方法一：词汇复现法如：本篇文章中的39.(coin)方法二：上下文推理法方法三：逻辑推理法方法四：文化背景知识法方法五：固定搭配法基础过关一、词汇/短语翻译单词词性、词义备注1powern.1)影响力2)权益3)力量v._______提示：Thecarispoweredbyengine.2_______v.消逝；不见3_______v.相信；以为4_______v.搜寻5lostadj.1)迷路的2)抛弃的3)翻译：Ifeltsolostaftermydog13_______islost.6_______adv.耐心的7endlessly_______8_______n.相信；信心；信仰9_______n.冒险10_______v.想象翻译：她想象着走进一片丛林，呼吸新鲜的空气。11_______v.等候12supportv./n.1)_______2)翻译：Hehasabigfamilyto_______3)支撑support.13reasonable_______14_______n.1)序次2)命令15_______v.提示；使想起16suggestv.1)建议2)_______翻译：Alltheevidencesuggeststhathestolethemoney.17lasting_______18_______v.警示19putup_______提示：Weputupadvertisements.20lookup1)+sb_______提示：Ilookeditupinthe2)+sth_______dictionary.3)+tosb_______21buildup_______提示:Youneedmoreexercisetobuildyouup.22setup_______提示：Theysetupaworkingpartytolookintotheissue.23makeup_______提示：ItwassomethingImadeupbecauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdog,halfwolf.24giveup_______提示：We’llnevergiveupuntilthegoalisreached.25dealwith_______26holdonto_______1427holdsth._______together二、句子翻译当我的小狗Gracie六年前失散后，我真实学到我所相信的。_______________________________________________________________________________________天黑时，我们精疲力竭地回家了。_______________________________________________________________________________________假如我知道她有了一个好去向，我会悲伤可是会放心些。_______________________________________________________________________________________我告诉她失掉Gracie就像失掉对全部的信心同样。_______________________________________________________________________________________正如一位作家所说，我们所拥有的全部都是故事。_______________________________________________________________________________________完形练习（西城二模）JohnandMaryhadanicehomeandtwolovelychildren,aboyandagirl.OnceJohnwasaskedtogoonabusinesstripandMaryneededtogoalongtoo.Theyfoundababysittertocareforthe31andmadethetrip,returninghomealittleearlierthantheyhadplanned.Astheydroveintotheirhometown,they32smoke,andtheywenttoseewhatitwas.Theyfoundahomeonfire.Marysaid,"Oh,well,itisn'tourhome.Let'sgo."ButJohndrove33andsaid,"ThehomebelongstoFredJoneswhoworksatthefactory.Hewouldn'tbeoffworkyet,maybethere'ssomethingwewoulddo.""Ithasnothingtodowithus,"saidMary.ButJohndroveup,stoppedandfoundthewholehouseonfire.Awomaninthestreetwascrying,"Thechildren!34thechildren!"Johngrabbed(抓)herbytheshouldersaying,"Getaholdofyourselfandtelluswherethechildrenare!""Inthe35,"criedthewoman,"downthehallandtotheleft."15AlthoughMarydidn'tagree,Johnwethisclothesand36forthebathroomwhichwasfullofsmokeandheat.Hefoundthedoorandgrabbedtwochildren,holdingoneundereacharm.Ashelefthecouldhearsomeothersoundlikecrying.Hesentthetwobadly37andnearlysuffocated(窒息)childrenintowaitingarms.Thenhewastoldtwomorechildrenwerestillinthere.Marygrabbedhisarmandshouted,"John!Don'tgoback!Thathousewillfalldowninanysecond!"Butheshookheroffandwentbackby38hiswaydownthesmoke-filledhallwayandintotheroom.Itseemedacenturyhadpassed39hefoundbothchildrenandstartedback.Theywerecoughingandheloweredhisbodytryingtogetsome40.Ashewalkeduptheendlesssteps,thethoughtwentthroughhismindthattherewassomethingstrangelyfamiliaraboutthelittlebodies,andatlastwhentheycameoutintothesunlightandfreshair,hefoundthathehadjustsavedhisownchildren.Thebabysitter