2011年7月-自考英语二试题(真题)及答案

/82011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷Vocabularyand.Structure(10points,1pointeach)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。.Studentsshouldtheirowninterestsaswellasdotheirschoolwork.A.persuade B.pursue C.persist D.proceedI'dliketoremindyouthatthereisnoonthepartofsuspectstoanswerquestions.A.obligation B.evidence C.transaction D.motivationHeblamedhispoorperformancejetlag.A.to B.for C.on D.at.Weknowledgefromourfamilies,schools,jobs,andthemassmedia.A.request B.require C.inquire D.acquireNotuntilrecentlythatThompsonhadbentellingthetruthallalong.A.Irealized B.didIrealize C.Ididrealize D.realizedIIdon'tneedanyhelpatthemoment,butIyouroffer.A.appreciate B.admire C.enjoy D.like.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingashouseservantsaroundtheworldreceivedmuchmediaearlythisyear.A.importance B.attention C.significance D.popularity.Shehasnohostilitytous,canbejudgedfromhereyes.A.that B.and C.hence D.as.Whenyou'reacrisis,itoftenhelpstotalktosomeone.A.goingthrough B.goinginfor C.goingafter D.goingoverDecisiononwhetherthemessageisrightorwrongshouldatleastcomeafterwhatthemessageis.A.puttingout B.turningout C.workingout D.runningoutClozeTest(10points,1pointeach)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Peopleinallpartsoftheworldareobserving"NoTobaccoDay".Itistheday11theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)appealstopeopletostopusingtobaccoproducts.WHOhopesifpeoplestopsmokingcigarettesor12tobaccoforoneday,theywillstoppermanently.Healthexpertshavewarnedforyearsthatsmokingcanleadtoheartdisease,cancerandother13.WHOsaysdiseaseslinkedtosmokingkill14 2,500,000personseachyear.Still,manypeoplefindit15stoppingsmoking.Onereasonisnicotine,asubstancefoundincigarettes.Nicotineisadrug.Itseffectsare16thoseofcocaineandheroin."NoTobaccoDay"isintendedforsmokersand17whoearnmoneyfromtobaccosales.Sobusinessesareurgedtostopsellingtobaccoproductsfortwenty-fourhours.18areurgednottocarryadvertisementsforcigarettes.WHOhasapprovedplanstohelpreachits19ofa"smoke-free"world.Theyurgegovernmentstotakeactiontohelp20makemoneybygrowingothercrops.Theyalsocallforimprovedpublicinformationcampaignsabouttherisksofsmoking.11.A.whetherB.whichC.whenD.what11.A.whetherB.whichC.whenD.what1/812.A.tochewB.chewC.chewingD.chewed13.A.problemsB.questions,C.resultsD.behaviors14.A.atbeatB.atmostC.atworseD.atleast15.A.difficultB.inconvenientC.worryingD.reasonable16.A.betterthanB.similartoC.consistentwithD.dependenton17.A.thatB.thisC.theseD.those18.A.ReadersB.BooksC.ManagersD.Newspapers19.A.ObjetB.goalC.destination D.direction20.A.WorkersB.manufacturersC.farmersD.producersReadingComprehension(30points,2pointseach)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.NooneinmyfamilycouldbelieveAllegrahadanydisability,muchlessoneassevereashers.Tothemadisabilitywasphysical,somethingyoucouldsee.Theyknewherasahappy,normalchild.That'showitiswithalearningdisability-youdon'tseeobviousphysicalsymptoms.Butasshegrewoutofpreschool,shewouldpretendtoread-Iknewshewaspretendingbecausethebookwasupsidedown.Shewithdrewintoherownworldwhereshecouldfantasizeaboutbeingaballetdancer,aBroadwayactressorafigureskater.Intherealworld,balletclassesandmusiclessonsledonlytoconfusion,frustrationand,ultimately,disappointment.Asforschool,therewasnowayshecouldbeincludedinamainstreamclassroom.IwentthrougheveryspecialschoolinNewYork,onlytobetoldoverandover:"Shedoesn'tbelonghere."Thelastblowcameafewmonthsafterthediagnosis,whenIwasatapayphoneon72ndStreet,waitingforananswerfromtheverylastschoolonmylist.Finallyacoldvoicecameon-Icanstillhearit-andsaid:"I'msorry,butwefeelthisisn'ttheplaceforher."Ihungupandstaredatthephoneintears.IhadlivedmylifeasthedaughterofHenryFordII,andforthefirsttimeinmylifeIfacedaproblemthatneithermoneynorpositioncouldsolve.Inearlygaveup,butIknewIcouldn't.Withoutme,mydaughterstoodnochanceofmakingit..Accordingtothefirstparagraph,Allegra'sproblemwas.A.psychological B.obvious C.physical D.invisible.Allegrawasdisabledinthat.shewasunabletolearnlikeanormalchildshewasalwaysreadingwithherbookupsidedownsheisolatedherselffromotherchildreninherclassshewaslivinginherdreamsinconflictwiththerealworld.Theexpression"amainstreamclassroom"(para.3)refers,to.A.thelastblow B.thelastschoolC.specialschools D.normaleducation.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.theauthorwouldaskHenryFordIIforhelptheauthorwouldcontinuetohelpherdaughtertheauthorwouldleaveNewYorkforthesakeofherdaughtertheauthorhadtousemoneyorpositiontodealwiththeproblem.Thephrase"makingit"(para.4)probablymeans_.A.becomingafigureskater B.becomingaballetdancerC.becomingsuccessful D.gettingpropertreatmentPassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,highlyintelligentchildrenarenotnecessarilyboundtohaveanacademicsuccess.Infact,so-calledgiftedstudentsmayfailtodowellbecausetheyareunusuallysmart.Ensuringthatagiftedchildreacheshisorherpotentialrequiresanunderstandingofwhatcangowrongandhowtosatisfytheunusuallearningrequirementsofextremelybrightyoungpeople.Onecommonproblemgiftedkidsfaceisthatthey,andthosearoundthem,placetoomuchimportanceonbeingsmart.Suchanemphasiscanbreedabeliefthatbrightpeopledonothavetoworkhardtodowell.Althoughsmartkidsmaynotneedtoworkhardinthelowergradeswhentheworkiseasy,theymaystruggleandperformpoorlywhentheworkgetsharderbecausetheydonotmaketheefforttolearn.Insomecases,theymaynotknowhowtostudy,havingneverdoneitbefore.Inothers,theysimplycannotacceptthefactthatsometasksrequireeffort.Ifthescholasticachievementofhighlyintelligentchildrenremainsbelowaverageforanextendedperiod,manyteacherswillfailtorecognizetheirpotential.Asaresult,suchstudentsmaynotgettheencouragementtheyneed,andmayfurtherbedepressedtolearn.Theymayfallfarbehindintheirschoolworkandevendevelopbehaviorproblems.Boysmayturnaggressiveorbecomeclassclowns (小丑).Girlsoftendevelopperformanceanxietyandothersymptomssuchasstomachaches.OnewaytoavoidsuchdifficultiesistorecognizethatIQisjustoneoftheelementsforsuccess.ChildrendowellorstruggleinschoolforahostofreasonsapartfromIQ,accordingtopsychologistFranzMonksoftheUniversityofNijmegenintheNetherlands.Theseincludemotivationandpersistence,socialcompetence,andthesupportoffamily,educatorsandfriends.Emphasizingtheimportanceofpersistenceandhardwork,forexample,willhelpachildavoidthelazinesstrap.Giftedchildrenalsoneedintellectualchallenges-toteachthemhowtoworkhard.26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theauthorbelieveselligentstudentsmayfailtodowellintheirschoolworkgiftedstudentsaretoosmarttodowellintheirschoolworkintelligentstudentsareboundtosucceedintheirschoolworkgiftedstudentsunderstandwhatcangowrongandhowtolearn27.Whentoomuchemphasisisplacedonstudents'intelligence,peoplearelikelytotakeitforgrantedthat.smartstudentsmaynotdowellinthelowergradesintelligentstudentsknowhowtoavoidlazinesstrapcleverstudentsrequiremoreintelligencethanhardworkbrightstudentsmaysucceedeveniftheydonotworkhard28.Itisobservedinthethirdparagraphthat.highlygiftedstudentsshowagreatdesiretolearnhighlygiftedstudentstendtofallillwithnoreasonhighlyintelligentstudentsalsoneedencouragementhighlyintelligentstudentsscorehigherthanaveragestudentsAccordingtotheauthor,astudent'sIQisoneofthefactorsofsuccesstheonlyfactorforhissuccessdirectlyrelatedtopersistencecloselyassociatedwithcompetenceThispassageaimstotellpeopleabout.theacademicperformanceofgiftedstudentstheproperattitudestowardgiftedstudentsthedifficultiesinrecognizinggiftedstudentsthemotivationstudentsneedfortheirstudiesPassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.MarsGlobalSurveyoristheoldestoffiveNASAroboticdevices,whichisdesignedtofindoutsignsthatMarsoncehadwater;andithadbeentakingdetailedpicturesoftheredplanetforadecade.Unfortunately,itstoppedworkingonNovember2afteritdevelopedamotorproblem.Aftertwodaysofsilence,groundcontrolteamsreceivedasignalthatthedevicehadputitselfintoanemergencystandbymode.Therewasnoinformationaboutwhathadgonewrong.Sincethen,themissionteamatNASA'slaboratoryinCaliforniahastriedtocontactthedevice.Thisweek,NASAengineersarepreparingforwhatmaybetheirlastchancetorecoverthespacecraft.NASAplanstouseanewlyarriveddevicetotakeapictureoftheSurveyortoseehowthefailedcraftisorientedtothesunforpowerandtoEarthforcommunications.ItisreportedthatthepicturewillbetakenonFridaywhenthesatellitesareabout93milesapart.Thenewhigh-poweredcamerashouldbeabletoimagedetailsoftheSurveyorassmallasabout10centimeters.Thereisagoodchanceofrecoveringit.FlightcontrollersalsoplantotrytogettheSurveyortocontactoneorbothofNASA'sroving（漫游）geologystations,SpiritandOpportunity,whicharelocatedonoppositesideso.Mars'equator（赤道）.Theroverswouldnotbeabletotransmitthespacecraft'5sciencedata,butengineersatleastwouldgetanideaofitsgeneralposition.ThelinkupalsocouldshowiftheSurveyorstillhaspower.Ifthedevicehasbeenunabletochargeitsbatteriesduetoapositioningproblemorfailedcomponent,itcouldrunoutofpowerwithnohopeofrecovering.Butifithaspower,thedeviceisquitecapableofautonomouscontrolevenifitdoesn'thearfromEarth.TheSurveyorhasfarsurpasseditsdesignlifetime,butscientistsstillhavemoretargetsfortheprobe'scameraandscienceinstruments.ThemaintaskofMarsGlobalSurveyoris.totakepicturesoftheredplanettoworkouttheproblemsofitsmotortofindoutiftherewaswateronMarstofindthecausesofthefailureinthedeviceThenewlyarriveddevice.isequippedwithapowerfulcamerachecksthesignsforwaterontheredplanetcarriesnewcomponentsforthefaileddevice

examinesthesurveyor'scommunicationsystemThelastchanceforNASA'sengineerstorecovertheSurveyormightbe_.A.tochargeitsbatteries B.toadjustitspositionC.totestitscommunicationsystem D.tousethenewdevicetoimageitThedecisivefactorfortherecoveryoftheSurveyoris.A.itslife B.itsorbit C.itspower D.itspositionThepassageismostprobablytakenfrom.A.abookreview B.anewsreportC.anadvertisement D.asciencefictiontaleIV.WordSpelling(10points,1pointfortwowords)将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36.绝对的，完全的a.a38.36.绝对的，完全的a.a38.障碍，障碍物n.b40.衰落，谢绝vt.d42.特征，相貌n.f44.和谐，融洽n.h46.干涉，干扰vi.i48.多数，大半n.m50.官方的a.o52.哲学n.p54.奖学金n.s39.候选人，应试者n.c41 .忍受，容忍vt.e43.金黄色的，金(制)的a.g45.估计，估价Vt.e47.图书馆管理员n.l49.数字的，数值的a.n51.构架，框架n.f 53.推荐，介绍Vt.r55.热带的，炎热的a.tV.WordForm(10、points,1pointeach)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。Criticsshouldbeasobjectiveaspossibleintheir(analyze)ofliteraryworks.Herfatherleftherallhismoneywhenhedied,whichmadeherfinancially(dependent).TheUnitedStatesisacountry(advance)inscienceandtechnology.Itisnotabadmovie,butthereisnothing(origin)aboutit.Attheendoftheconference,allthe_(participate)wereaskedtofilloutaquestiolmaire.Whenapersonimmigratestoanothercountry,heshould_(conscious)adapthimselftothenewenvironment..Inmyopinion,theyshoulddosomethingtorewardtheirmost_(produce)employees.The(month)salaryforthepositionwillbenegotiableataround$2,000.Ataskofthepostofficestaffisto_(class)mailaccordingtotheplacesitistogo.Thereisanincreasing(tend)forwomentohavechildrenlaterinlife.VI.TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish(15points,3pointseach)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。这男孩尽管还很小，但已会说两种外语了。全家人都同意今年夏天去意大利度假。据说包裹和信件都还没有到达目的地。我们正在想方设法克服所面临的困难。这本书激发了那个孩子对绘画的兴趣。VII.TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese(15points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。Professorsmayestablishsocialrelationshipswithstudentsoutsideoftheclassroom,butintheclassroomtheyplaytheroleofaninstructor.Aprofessormayhavecoffeewithstudentsonedaybutthenextdayhemayexpectthemtomeetadeadlineforapaperortobepreparedforadiscussionoranexam.Theprofessormaygiveextraattention,outsideofclass,toastudentinneedofhelp,butprobablywillnottreathimorherdifferentlywhenitcomestoevaluatingacademicwork.Professorshaveseveralrolesinrelationtostudents;theymaybecounselorsandfriendsaswellasteachers.Studentsmustrealizethatwhenateacher'srolechanges,theyshouldchangetheirbehaviorandatt